CN116539491B - Salt fog space distribution prediction method for marine atmospheric environment - Google Patents
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 177
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a salt mist space distribution prediction method for an atmospheric environment on the ocean, which comprises the following steps of S1: acquiring environmental characteristic data of a place to be predicted; s2: determining the wind direction of a salt fog source and whether land exists in the to-be-predicted place in the wind direction; s3: a) If no land exists in the wind direction of 50Km, the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows:b) if land exists in the wind direction of 50Km, the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows:
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental air quality prediction, in particular to a salt mist spatial distribution prediction method for an atmospheric environment above sea.
Background
Sea salt particles are tiny liquid drops emitted from the sea surface to the air, and are suspended in the air in the state of liquid drops or salt cores, and when deposited on the surface of metal or equipment, faults such as metal corrosion and equipment short circuit can be caused. The concentration and sedimentation rate of salt mist in the marine environment are therefore important environmental factors for the classification and assessment of atmospheric corrosion.
Salt mist is a scattering system consisting of tiny salt-containing liquid drops in the atmosphere, and is mainly caused by the fact that sea water in the ocean is severely disturbed, stormy waves are broken, and sea waves are landed to generate a large amount of foam and bubbles; when the bubbles break, tiny water drops are generated, and most of the seawater drops fall under the action of gravity; part of the liquid is in a state of keeping balance with vortex diffusion and is distributed on the sea, and the liquid rises into the air along with air flow, and is changed into a scattering system through the processes of cracking, evaporation, mixing and the like to form an atmospheric salt core; under the action of air flow, its height can be up to above 2000 m, and its range can be spread to many kilometers, even hundreds of kilometers from sea. The salt fog production mainly calculates two parts, namely, sea waves are beaten on the coast, the waves are crushed by themselves, and a method for predicting the salt fog spatial distribution of the offshore atmospheric environment is described in China patent with publication number CN114330415B, and the salt fog source mode is not studied in detail in the method, so that the method is particularly suitable for predicting the offshore spatial distribution of the ocean salt fog with the distance between a place to be predicted and the salt fog source less than or equal to 50Km, and has a narrow application range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a salt fog space distribution prediction method for the atmospheric environment above sea, which aims at different source modes of salt fog in the sea environment to acquire environmental characteristic data, so that the salt fog space distribution of the atmospheric environment above sea can be acquired more accurately.
The invention discloses a salt fog space distribution prediction method for an atmospheric environment on ocean, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring environmental characteristic data of a place to be predicted;
s2: according to the environmental characteristic data, determining the wind direction of a salt fog source and whether land exists in the to-be-predicted place in the wind direction;
s3: the salt fog concentration is predicted to be the same,
a) If the to-be-predicted place has no land in the 50Km wind direction of the salt fog source, the salt fog aerosol moves from the seawater, and a prediction model formula of the salt fog concentration is as follows:
wherein a is the concentration distribution coefficient of the ocean salt fog at the source of the salt fog, and is related to the particle size of the salt fog, and the unit is s m -1 B is a constant related to the particle size of the salt mist, the unit is v wind Wind speed in m.s -1 ，m salt The mass of single salt fog particles is expressed in g, h is the sum of the altitude of the place to be predicted, the average maximum annual high tide level of the sea level of the predicted place and the average maximum annual wave height of the sea level of the predicted place, and m;
b) If the to-be-predicted place has land in the 50Km wind direction of the salt fog source, the salt fog aerosol is from two forms of sea water self motion and sea wave impact land, and the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows:
wherein C' salt For the position to be predicted to have no land in the wind direction of 50Km of the salt fog source, the salt fog concentration, v, obtained by the formula (1) f The sedimentation rate of salt fog particles is m.s -1 L is the offshore distance of the place to be predicted, the unit is m, a' is a constant, and the unit is s.m, depending on the type of coastline and the influence of salt mist generated by the impact of sea waves on the coast -3 ，v wind Wind speed in m.s -1 ，m salt The mass of single salt fog particles is expressed in g, h is the sum of the altitude of the place to be predicted, the average maximum annual high tide level of the sea level of the predicted place and the average maximum annual wave height of the sea level of the predicted place, and m.
The method is suitable for salt fog space distribution prediction of offshore and deep-open sea marine environments, research is carried out according to whether a place to be predicted has land in the 50Km wind direction of salt fog sources to distinguish source forms of salt fog aerosols, and a salt fog space distribution prediction model of the atmospheric environment above sea is established, so that the salt particle distribution situation above sea can be rapidly predicted.
The invention also has the following preferred designs:
the environmental characteristic data of the place to be predicted comprises regional marine environmental information and weather data historical data, wherein the marine environmental information comprises the salinity, the annual average maximum high tide level and the annual average maximum wave height of the sea water around the place to be predicted, and the weather data historical data comprises relative humidity RH, atmospheric environmental temperature T and wind speed v wind And the wind direction, when the place to be predicted has land within 50Km of the wind direction of the salt fog source, the environmental characteristic data also comprises geographical information of the land: coastline type.
According to the invention, the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source and the height distribution of salt fog aerosol are obtained through on-site monitoring, and when the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source cannot be measured, the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein u is an empirical parameter related to the moisture absorption of salt fog particles, RH is relative humidity, expressed as a percentage, and RH is more than 0% and less than 100%, r d Is dry salt core particle size.
Preferably u=3.9 for sea surface conditions.
Preferably r d ＝5×10 -5 cm
When the on-site sea area test cannot be carried out, the coefficient a and the constant b of the formula (1) are obtained through the following frequent formulas:
a=0.046 ln (r) +0.0376; b= -0.83ln (r) -0.4025, where r is the salt mist particle size.
The association formulas solved by the formulas (1) and (2) are as follows:
1)v f the sedimentation rate of salt fog particles is m.s -1 ，ρ salt The density of salt fog aerosol particles is kg.m -3 ，ρ air Is air density in kg.m -3 ，
2) g=9.8, g is the gravitational acceleration in m·s -2 ，
3)T is the atmospheric temperature, the unit is that,
4) M (NaCl) =58.5, molar mass of salt fog particles in g.mol -1 ，
5)η＝-4×10 -17 ·T 4 +7×10 -14 ·T 3 -5×10 -11 ·T 2 +5×10 -8 ·T+2×10 -5 Eta is the ambient aerodynamic viscosity in Pa.s,
6)the unit is g.
The salt fog aerosol particle density rho salt The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
deliquescence humidity RH of the deposited salt del α·t+β, where T is the atmospheric temperature in degrees celsius, α, β are constants, when the main component of the deposited salt is sodium chloride:
α＝-3.270×10 -4 ，β＝0.7605。
RH≥RH del time ρ salt ＝1006+737.7·S NaCl -0.311·T-1.993×10 -3 ·T 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein S is NaCl Is the salinity of seawater, and the unit is g/m 3 T is the atmospheric temperature in degrees Celsius. RH (relative humidity)<RH del Time ρ salt ＝2165kg·m -3 。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is suitable for salt fog space distribution prediction of offshore and deep-open sea marine environments, and research is carried out after distinguishing the source form of salt fog aerosol according to whether a place to be predicted has land within 50Km of the wind direction of salt fog source, and the salt fog aerosol is obtained through relative humidity RH, atmospheric environment temperature T and wind speed v wind The method comprises the steps of establishing a salt fog space distribution prediction model of the atmospheric environment above the ocean according to easily acquired data such as wind direction, offshore distance L and altitude, and rapidly predicting the salt particle distribution situation above the ocean.
2. The method for predicting the salt fog spatial distribution of the marine atmospheric environment has important roles in aspects of salt fog environmental corrosiveness prevention and control, atmospheric corrosion prediction, marine atmospheric corrosion mapping and the like of various marine engineering and equipment, can be used as a reference basis for economic construction, and has important significance.
Detailed Description
The following technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention.
A method for predicting the spatial distribution of salt fog in the atmospheric environment above sea, which comprises,
s1: obtaining environmental characteristic data of a place to be predicted, wherein the environmental characteristic data of the place to be predicted comprises regional marine environmental information and weather data historical data, the marine environmental information comprises salinity, annual average maximum high tide level and annual average maximum wave height of seawater around the place to be predicted, and the weather data historical data comprises relative humidity RH, atmospheric environmental temperature T and wind speed v wind And the wind direction, when the place to be predicted has land within 50Km of the wind direction of the salt fog source, the environmental characteristic data also comprises geographical information of the land: coastline type;
s2: according to the environmental characteristic data, determining the wind direction of a salt fog source and whether land exists in the to-be-predicted place in the wind direction;
s3: the salt fog concentration is predicted to be the same,
a) If the to-be-predicted place has no land in the 50Km wind direction of the salt fog source, the salt fog aerosol moves from the seawater, and a prediction model formula of the salt fog concentration is as follows:
wherein a is the concentration distribution coefficient of the ocean salt fog at the source of the salt fog, and is related to the particle size of the salt fog, and the unit is s m -1 B is a constant related to the particle size of the salt mist, the unit is v wind Wind speed in m.s -1 ，m salt The mass of single salt fog particles is expressed in g, h is the sum of the altitude of the place to be predicted, the average maximum annual high tide level of the sea level of the predicted place and the average maximum annual wave height of the sea level of the predicted place, m, and the salt fog concentration of the area is not influenced by the splashing of sea water;
specifically, the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source and the height distribution of the salt fog aerosol are obtained through on-site monitoring, and when the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source cannot be measured, the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein u is an empirical parameter related to the moisture absorption of salt fog particles, u=3.9 for sea surface environment, RH is relative humidity, expressed as a percentage, 0% < RH < 100%, r d For drying the particle size of salt core particles, r d ＝5×10 -5 cm。
When the on-site sea area test cannot be performed, the coefficient a and the constant b of the formula (1) are obtained by the following frequent formulas:
a=0.046 ln (r) +0.0376; b= -0.83ln (r) -0.4025, where r is the salt mist particle size.
b) If the to-be-predicted place has land in the 50Km wind direction of the salt fog source, the salt fog aerosol is from two forms of sea water self motion and sea wave impact land, and the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows:
wherein C' salt For the position to be predicted to have no land in the wind direction of 50Km of the salt fog source, the salt fog concentration, v, obtained by the formula (1) f The sedimentation rate of salt fog particles is m.s -1 L is the offshore distance of the place to be predicted, the unit is m, a' is a constant, and the unit is s.m, depending on the type of coastline and the influence of salt mist generated by the impact of sea waves on the coast -3 ，v wind Wind speed in m.s -1 ，m salt The mass of single salt fog particles is expressed in g, h is the sum of the altitude of the place to be predicted, the average maximum annual high tide level of the sea level of the predicted place and the average maximum annual wave height of the sea level of the predicted place, and m.
The association formulas solved by the formulas (1) and (2) are as follows:
1)v f the sedimentation rate of salt fog particles is m.s -1 ，ρ salt The density of salt fog aerosol particles is kg.m -3 ，ρ air Is air density in kg.m -3 ，
2) g=9.8, g is the gravitational acceleration in m·s -2 ，
3)T is the atmospheric temperature, the unit is that,
4) M (NaCl) =58.5, molar mass of salt fog particles in g.mol -1 ，
5)η＝-4×10 -17 ·T 4 +7×10 -14 ·T 3 -5×10 -11 ·T 2 +5×10 -8 ·T+2×10 -5 Eta is the ambient aerodynamic viscosity in Pa.s,
6)the unit is g.
Wherein, the particle density ρ of the salt mist aerosol is salt The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
deliquescence humidity RH of the deposited salt del α.T+β, where T is the atmospheric temperature in degrees Celsius, α, β are constants, and kg.m is the case where the main constituent of the deposited salt is sodium chloride -3 ：
α＝-3.270×10 -4 ，β＝0.7605。
RH≥RH del Time ρ salt ＝1006+73777·S NaCl -0.311·T-1.993×10 -3 ·T 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein S is NaCl Is the salinity of seawater, and the unit is g/m 3 T is the atmospheric temperature in degrees Celsius. RH (relative humidity)<RH del Time ρ salt ＝2165kg·m -3 。
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not limiting, and any modifications and improvements based on the concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention, and the specific scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
The invention discloses a salt mist space distribution prediction method for an atmospheric environment on the ocean, which comprises the following steps of S1: acquiring environmental characteristic data of a place to be predicted; s2: determining the wind direction of a salt fog source and whether land exists in the to-be-predicted place in the wind direction; s3: a) If no land exists in the wind direction of 50Km, the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows:b) If the land exists in the wind direction of 50Km, the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows: /> The method is suitable for predicting the salt fog spatial distribution of the offshore and deep-open sea marine environment.
Claims (9)
1. The method for predicting the spatial distribution of the salt mist in the marine atmospheric environment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: acquiring environmental characteristic data of a place to be predicted;
s2: according to the environmental characteristic data, determining the wind direction of a salt fog source and whether land exists in the to-be-predicted place in the wind direction;
s3: the salt fog concentration is predicted to be the same,
a) If the to-be-predicted place has no land in the 50Km wind direction of the salt fog source, the salt fog aerosol moves from the seawater, and a prediction model formula of the salt fog concentration is as follows:
wherein a is the concentration distribution coefficient of the ocean salt fog at the source of the salt fog, and is related to the particle size of the salt fog, and the unit is s m -1 B is a constant related to the size of the salt mist particle diameter, the unit is one, and when the on-site sea area test cannot be carried out, the coefficient a and the constant b of the formula (1) are obtained by the following frequent formula: a=0.046 ln (r) +0.0376; b= -0.83ln (r) -0.4025, r is salt mist particle size, v wind Wind speed in m.s -1 ，m salt The mass of single salt fog particles is expressed in g, h is the sum of the altitude of the to-be-predicted place, the average maximum annual high tide level of the sea level of the to-be-predicted place and the average maximum annual wave height of the sea level of the to-be-predicted place, and m;
b) If the to-be-predicted place has land in the 50Km wind direction of the salt fog source, the salt fog aerosol is from two forms of sea water self motion and sea wave impact land, and the salt fog concentration prediction model formula is as follows:
wherein C' salt For the position to be predicted to have no land in the wind direction of 50Km of the salt fog source, the salt fog concentration, v, obtained by the formula (1) f The sedimentation rate of salt fog particles is m.s -1 L is the offshore distance of the place to be predicted, the unit is m, a' is a constant, and the unit is s.m, depending on the type of coastline and the influence of salt mist generated by the impact of sea waves on the coast -3 ，v wind Wind speed in m.s -1 ，m salt The mass of single salt fog particles is expressed in g, h is the sum of the altitude of the to-be-predicted place, the average maximum annual high tide level of the sea level of the to-be-predicted place and the average maximum annual wave height of the sea level of the to-be-predicted place, and m.
2. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the environmental characteristic data of the place to be predicted comprises regional marine environmental information and weather data historical data, wherein the marine environmental information comprises the salinity, the annual average maximum high tide level and the annual average maximum wave height of the place to be predicted and the surrounding seawater thereof, and the weather data historical data comprises relative humidity RH, atmospheric environmental temperature T and wind speed v wind And the wind direction, when the place to be predicted has land within 50Km of the wind direction of the salt fog source, the environmental characteristic data also comprises geographical information of the land: coastline type.
3. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source and the height distribution of the salt fog aerosol are obtained through on-site monitoring, and when the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source cannot be measured, the salt fog particle size at the salt fog source is taken according to the following formula:
wherein u is an empirical parameter related to the moisture absorption of salt fog particles, RH is relative humidity, expressed as a percentage, and RH is more than 0% and less than 100%, r d Is dry salt core particle size.
4. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 3, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: u=3.9 for sea surface environment.
5. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: r is (r) d ＝5×10 -5 cm。
6. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the association formulas solved by the formulas (1) and (2) are as follows:
1)v f the sedimentation rate of salt fog particles is m.s -1 ，ρ salt The density of salt fog aerosol particles is kg.m -3 ，ρ air Is air density in kg.m -3 ，
2) g=9.8, g is the gravitational acceleration in m·s -2 ，
3)T is the atmospheric temperature, the unit is that,
4) M (NaCl) =58.5, molar mass of salt fog particles in g.mol -1 ，
5)η＝-4×10 -17 ·T 4 +7×10 -14 ·T 3 -5×10 -11 ·T 2 +5×10 -8 ·T+2×10 -5 Eta is the ambient aerodynamic viscosity in Pa.s,
6)the unit is g.
7. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: deliquescence humidity RH of the deposited salt del α·t+β, where T is the atmospheric temperature in degrees celsius, α, β are constants, when the main component of the deposited salt is sodium chloride:
α＝-3.270×10 -4 ，β＝0.7605。
8. the method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: RH is greater than or equal to RH del Time ρ salt ＝1006+737.7·S NaCl -0.311·T-1.993×10 -3 ·T 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein S is NaCl Is the salinity of seawater, and the unit is g/m 3 T is the atmospheric temperature in degrees Celsius.
9. The method for predicting the salt spray spatial distribution of the atmospheric environment on the ocean according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: RH < RH del Time ρ salt ＝2165kg·m -3 。
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