CN116539149A - Electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system and method based on noise detection - Google Patents
Electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system and method based on noise detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN116539149A CN116539149A CN202310500482.6A CN202310500482A CN116539149A CN 116539149 A CN116539149 A CN 116539149A CN 202310500482 A CN202310500482 A CN 202310500482A CN 116539149 A CN116539149 A CN 116539149A
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system and method based on noise detection. The platform base of the system is arranged on the top surface of the supporting frame through the supporting plate, the electric spindle fixing seat is arranged on the top surface of the platform base, the electric spindle is arranged on the electric spindle fixing seat, and the sensing assembly is arranged on the platform base. The method comprises the following steps: installing an electric spindle and a microphone; receiving a noise signal generated by the electric spindle through a microphone; obtaining the sound pressure level of noise generated by a noise test area, filtering and weighting noise signals, and obtaining the azimuth of a noise source after processing a sound source array; and judging and determining vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle according to the sound pressure level and the azimuth, and realizing positioning. According to the invention, the noise characteristic and the vibration characteristic of the electric spindle are combined, and the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle is determined according to the direction of the noise source and the noise pressure level, so that the problems that the vibration sensitive point is not comprehensively selected and the integral vibration characteristic of the electric spindle is difficult to accurately grasp are solved, and the accuracy of vibration data of the electric spindle can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration sensitive point positioning system, in particular to an electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system and method based on noise detection.
Background
As a core component of the high-speed machine tool, the high-speed motorized spindle directly drives the spindle to rotate by virtue of a motor. Due to machining and assembly errors, the motorized spindle typically vibrates during operation. The vibration of the electric spindle can influence the working performance of the electric spindle, so that the machining precision and the service life of the machine tool are reduced. Therefore, it is generally necessary to perform vibration characteristics test on the electric spindle at the time of shipment. The vibration characteristic test process of the electric spindle generally comprises the following steps: 1) Fixing an electric spindle; 2) Selecting a vibration sensor and arranging a vibration measuring point; 3) Starting the electric spindle to perform vibration test experiments; 4) And analyzing the vibration test data, and evaluating the vibration characteristics of the electric spindle.
The vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle can be accurately positioned, so that the testing precision of the vibration characteristics of the electric spindle can be effectively improved. The existing vibration sensitive point selection schemes are mainly divided into two types. The testing method is that vibration sensors are arranged at the front end bearing and the rear end bearing of the electric spindle, and the vibration characteristics of the electric spindle are determined through the vibration at the test bearings; the other method is that a large number of measuring points are arranged on the shell of the electric spindle, vibration data of the electric spindle at different rotating speeds are collected, then the measuring points with larger amplitude are determined as vibration sensitive points, and the vibration characteristics of the electric spindle are further evaluated.
As can be seen, the current positioning method of the vibration sensitive point of the motorized spindle has the following limitations: 1) If only front and rear bearings of the electric main shaft are selected as vibration sensitive points, the overall vibration characteristics of the electric main shaft are difficult to accurately grasp; 2) If a large number of measuring points are arranged on the electric spindle shell to determine vibration sensitive points, the operation process is complex, the cost is extremely high, and the electric spindle shell is not suitable for practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the system and the method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle based on noise detection provided by the invention have the advantages that the noise generated during operation of the electric spindle is collected through the microphone, the vibration sensitive point is determined according to the measured noise source and the sound pressure level, and the problems that the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle is difficult to position and the positioning process is complicated are effectively solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1. an electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system based on noise detection:
the system comprises a supporting plate, a supporting frame, a platform base, a sensing component and an electric spindle fixing seat, wherein the platform base is arranged on the top surface of the supporting frame through the horizontal supporting plate, the electric spindle fixing seat is arranged on the top surface of the platform base, an electric spindle to be detected which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the electric spindle fixing seat, the sensing component is arranged on the platform base and located on one side of the length direction of the electric spindle, and the sensing component is electrically connected with an external signal collector and is electrically connected with external computer equipment through the external signal collector.
The sensor assembly comprises a sensor mounting bracket, two sensor mounting plates and a plurality of microphones, wherein the sensor mounting bracket is mounted on a platform base and is positioned at one side of the length direction of the electric spindle, one sensor mounting plate is mounted on the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket and is parallel to the length direction of the electric spindle, the other sensor mounting plate is mounted on one side surface of the sensor mounting bracket far away from the electric spindle and is parallel to the length direction of the electric spindle, each microphone is vertically mounted on one sensor mounting plate or horizontally mounted on the other sensor mounting plate and is mutually parallel and uniformly spaced along the length direction of the sensor mounting plate, and the pickup at the tail end of each microphone and the same side surface of the electric spindle are opposite to each other and are arranged at intervals; each microphone is electrically connected with an external signal collector and is electrically connected with external computer equipment through the external signal collector.
The electric spindle is uniformly divided into a plurality of noise test areas along the length direction of the electric spindle, and each noise test area is opposite to a pickup at the tail end of a microphone; the number of the microphones is the same as the number of the noise test areas, and the number of the microphones is more than or equal to three.
Two rows of evenly-spaced first threaded holes are horizontally and parallelly formed in two sides of the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket, two rows of evenly-spaced second threaded holes are vertically and parallelly formed in two sides of the side surface of the sensor mounting bracket, which is far away from the electric spindle, wherein one sensor mounting plate is mounted on the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket through each first threaded hole and a plurality of screws, and the other sensor mounting plate is mounted on the side surface of the sensor mounting bracket, which is far away from the electric spindle, through a plurality of screws of each second threaded hole; the position of the sensor mounting plate is adjusted, so that the position of the microphone is adjusted, and the position of the microphone is used for measuring noise and sound pressures of different positions of the electric spindle.
2. The electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning method of the electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system comprises the following steps of:
1) The electric spindle to be detected is arranged on the electric spindle fixing seat, each microphone is arranged on the sensor mounting plate, and the position of the sensor mounting plate is adjusted so that each noise testing area is opposite to the pickup at the tail end of one microphone.
2) And driving the electric spindle to operate, receiving noise signals generated by the electric spindle through each microphone, collecting the noise signals of each microphone through an external signal collector, and transmitting the noise signals to external computer equipment.
3) The external computer equipment obtains the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test area opposite to each microphone according to the collected noise signals of each microphone, and obtains the azimuth of the noise source detected by each microphone after sequentially carrying out filtering weighting processing and sound source array processing on the collected noise signals of each microphone.
4) And judging and determining the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle according to the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test area opposite to each microphone and the azimuth of the detected noise source, and positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle.
After the positioning is finished, the vibration sensor can be placed at the selected vibration sensitive point to test the vibration of the electric spindle, and after the test is finished, the next detection of the electric spindle can be continued.
In the step 3), the sound pressure level of the noise generated in the opposite noise test area is obtained according to the collected noise signals of each microphone, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein L is Pi The sound pressure level of the noise generated for the noise test area opposite to the ith microphone; p (P) i The sound pressure of the noise generated for the noise test area opposite to the ith microphone; p (P) 0 Is the reference sound pressure.
In the step 3), the filtering and weighting process is specifically performed on the collected noise signals of each microphone, that is, the cross power spectrum of the noise received by each microphone is filtered and weighted, so as to obtain the noise signals generated by the mechanical vibration of the electric spindle.
In the step 3), the azimuth of the noise source is obtained after the sound source array processing, specifically, for each microphone, the azimuth of one noise source detected by the microphone is obtained by calculating according to noise signals generated by the mechanical vibration of the electric spindle obtained after the noise received by the microphone and the other two microphones in each microphone are filtered and weighted, specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein τ ij For a time delay between the i-th microphone and the j-th microphone each receiving a noise signal from a noise source; τ ik For a time delay between the i-th microphone and the k-th microphone each receiving a noise signal from a noise source; r is (r) i 、r j And r k Distances between the noise source and the i, j and k th microphones, respectively; c is the speed of sound; d, d ij Is the distance between the ith microphone and the jth microphone; d, d ik Is the distance between the i-th microphone and the k-th microphone; θ is the angle between the noise source and the i-th microphone.
The azimuth of the noise source detected by the ith microphone is finally obtained according to the included angle theta between the noise source and the ith microphone and the distances between the noise source and the ith, j and k microphones.
Firstly, carrying out inverse Fourier transform on a filtered and weighted cross power spectrum to a time domain to obtain time delay between a microphone and noise signals received by the microphone, and then calculating the angle and distance from a sound source to the microphone through the geometric relationship between the noise source and a microphone array model to obtain the azimuth of the noise source.
The time delay tau between the noise signals emitted by the noise sources received by the ith microphone and the jth microphone respectively ij The method comprises the following steps:
wherein ω is the integral variable of the frequency domain; psi phi type ij () A frequency domain weighting function for the cross power spectrum of noise received by the ith microphone and the jth microphone; x is X i () The Fourier transform is carried out after the cross power spectrum of the noise received by the ith microphone is filtered and weighted;the conjugate of the Fourier transform after filtering and weighting the cross power spectrum of the noise received by the jth microphone; e is a natural constant; l is an imaginary unit.
In the step 4), the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle is determined according to the sound pressure level of the noise generated by the noise test area opposite to each microphone and the azimuth of the detected noise source, specifically, according to the azimuth of one noise source detected by each microphone, when the azimuth of two or more noise sources is the same, the noise sources with the same azimuth are used as the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle; when the orientations of all the noise sources are different, determining the noise test areas where all the noise sources are positioned and the sound pressure levels of noise generated by the noise test areas according to the orientations of all the noise sources, and selecting the noise source on the noise test area corresponding to the maximum value in all the sound pressure levels as the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle to realize the positioning of the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the noise characteristic and the vibration characteristic of the electric spindle are combined, and the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle is determined according to the noise source distribution and the noise sound pressure, so that the problem that the vibration sensitive point is not comprehensively selected and the integral vibration characteristic of the electric spindle is difficult to accurately grasp is solved, and the accuracy of vibration data of the electric spindle can be improved.
2. According to the invention, the microphone is combined with the vibration sensor, and a proper amount of sensor is used for acquiring the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle, so that the operation process is simplified, the experiment cost is greatly reduced, and the method has guiding significance for practical application.
3. The sensor mounting assembly designed by the invention can adjust different height and length distances, measure the noise distribution of each part of the electric spindle, determine the vibration sensitive points of each part of the electric spindle, and simultaneously realize the positioning of the vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle with different sizes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall three-dimensional block diagram of a test system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional assembly view of a sensor mounting assembly of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a test method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a noise source localization map of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the vibration sensor comprises a supporting plate, 2, a supporting frame, 3, an electric spindle, 4, a platform base, 5, a sensor mounting bracket, 6, a sensor mounting plate, 7, a microphone, 8, an electric spindle fixing seat, 9 and a vibration sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are intended to facilitate an understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system comprises a supporting plate 1, a supporting frame 2, a platform base 4, a sensing component and an electric spindle fixing seat 8, wherein the platform base 4 is arranged on the top surface of the supporting frame 2 through the horizontal supporting plate 1, the electric spindle fixing seat 8 is arranged on the top surface of the platform base 4, the electric spindle 3 to be detected which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the electric spindle fixing seat 8, the sensing component is arranged on the platform base 4 and is positioned on one side of the length direction of the electric spindle 3, and the sensing component is electrically connected with an external signal collector and is electrically connected with external computer equipment through the external signal collector.
The sensor assembly comprises a sensor mounting bracket 5, two sensor mounting plates 6 and a plurality of microphones 7, wherein the sensor mounting bracket 5 is mounted on the platform base 4 and is positioned at one side of the length direction of the electric spindle 3, one of the sensor mounting plates 6 is mounted on the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket 5 and is parallel to the length direction of the electric spindle 3, the other sensor mounting plate 6 is mounted on one side surface of the sensor mounting bracket 5 away from the electric spindle 3 and is parallel to the length direction of the electric spindle 3, each microphone 7 is vertically mounted on one of the sensor mounting plates 6 or horizontally mounted on the other sensor mounting plate 6 and is mutually parallel and uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sensor mounting plate 6, and the pickup at the tail end of each microphone 7 and the same side surface of the electric spindle 3 are opposite to each other at intervals; each microphone 7 is electrically connected to an external signal collector and to an external computer device through the external signal collector.
The electric spindle 3 is uniformly divided into a plurality of noise test areas along the length direction of the electric spindle, and each noise test area is opposite to a pickup at the tail end of a microphone 7; the number of microphones 7 is the same as the number of noise test areas, and the number of microphones is three or more.
As shown in fig. 2, two rows of first screw holes with uniform intervals are horizontally and parallelly arranged on two symmetrical sides of the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket 5, two rows of second screw holes with uniform intervals are vertically and parallelly arranged on two symmetrical sides of one side surface of the sensor mounting bracket 5, which is far away from the electric spindle 3, wherein one sensor mounting plate 6 is arranged on the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket 5 through each first screw hole and a plurality of screws, and the other sensor mounting plate 6 is arranged on one side surface of the sensor mounting bracket 5, which is far away from the electric spindle 3, through a plurality of screws of each second screw hole; for adjusting the position of the sensor mounting plate 6 and thus the position of the microphone 7 for measuring the noise sound pressure at different positions of the electric spindle 3. As shown in fig. 2, the sensor mounting assembly includes two sensor brackets 5, two sensor mounting plates 6, and a microphone 7, and a plurality of screw holes are provided in the sensor mounting brackets 5. The two sensor mounting brackets 6 are arranged in parallel and are mounted on the platform base 4 through a bottom T-shaped hole. One of the sensor mounting plates 6 is mounted on the upper side of the sensor mounting bracket 5, and the other sensor mounting plate 6 is mounted on the rear side of the sensor mounting bracket 5. The two sides of the sensor mounting plate 6 are provided with U-shaped grooves for adjusting the mounting position of the sensor mounting plate 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle of the system for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle comprises the following steps:
1) The electric spindle 3 to be detected is mounted on an electric spindle fixing seat 8, each microphone 7 is mounted on a sensor mounting plate 6, and the position of the sensor mounting plate 6 is adjusted so that each noise test area faces the pickup at the tail end of the corresponding microphone 7.
2) The motorized spindle 3 is driven to operate, noise signals generated by the motorized spindle 3 are received through the microphones 7, and the noise signals of the microphones 7 are collected through an external signal collector and transmitted to external computer equipment.
3) The external computer equipment obtains the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test area opposite to each other according to the collected noise signals of each microphone 7, and obtains the azimuth of the noise source detected by each microphone 7 after sequentially carrying out filtering weighting processing and sound source array processing on the collected noise signals of each microphone 7.
In step 3), the sound pressure level of the noise generated in the opposite noise test area is obtained according to the collected noise signals of each microphone 7, specifically as follows:
wherein L is Pi The sound pressure level of the noise generated for the noise test area to which the i-th microphone 7 is facing; p (P) i Sound pressure of noise generated for the noise test area facing the i-th microphone 7; p (P) 0 Is the reference sound pressure.
In step 3), the filtering and weighting process is specifically performed on the collected noise signals of each microphone 7, that is, the cross power spectrum of the noise received by each microphone 7 is filtered and weighted, so as to obtain the noise signal generated by the mechanical vibration of the electric spindle 3.
In step 3), the azimuth of the noise source is obtained after the sound source array processing, specifically, for each microphone 7, the azimuth of a noise source detected by the microphone 7 is obtained by calculating according to the noise signals generated by the mechanical vibration of the electric spindle 3 obtained after the noise received by the microphone 7 and the other two microphones 7 in each microphone 7 are filtered and weighted, which is specifically as follows:
wherein τ ij For the time delay between the i-th microphone 7 and the j-th microphone 7 each receiving the noise signal from the noise source; τ ik For the time delay between the i-th microphone 7 and the time delay between the reception of the noise signal from the noise source by the k-th microphone 7, respectively; r is (r) i 、r j And r k The distances between the noise source and the i, j and k-th microphones 7, respectively; c is the speed of sound; d, d ij Is the distance between the i-th microphone 7 and the j-th microphone 7; d, d ik Is the distance between the i-th microphone 7 and the k-th microphone 7; θ is the angle between the noise source and the i-th microphone 7.
The azimuth of the noise source detected by the ith microphone 7 is finally obtained according to the included angle theta between the noise source and the ith microphone 7 and the distances between the noise source and the ith, j and k microphones 7.
Firstly, carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the filtered and weighted cross power spectrum to a time domain to obtain time delay between the microphone 7 and each received noise signal, and then calculating the angle and distance from the sound source to the microphone 7 through the geometric relationship between the noise source and the microphone array model to obtain the azimuth of the noise source.
When the ith microphone 7 and the jth microphone 7 each receive noise signals from noise sourcesInter-delay τ ij The method comprises the following steps:
wherein ω is the integral variable of the frequency domain; psi phi type ij () A frequency domain weighting function for the cross power spectrum of noise received by the i-th microphone 7 and the j-th microphone 7; x is X i () Fourier transform after filtering and weighting the cross power spectrum of the noise received by the ith microphone 7;the conjugate of the Fourier transform after filtering and weighting the cross power spectrum of the noise received by the jth microphone 7; e is a natural constant; l is an imaginary unit.
4) And judging and determining the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle 3 according to the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test area opposite to each microphone 7 and the azimuth of the detected noise source, and positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle 3.
In step 4), judging and determining vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle 3 according to sound pressure levels of noise generated by noise test areas opposite to the microphones 7 and the directions of the detected noise sources, specifically, according to the directions of one noise source detected by each microphone 7, when the directions of two or more noise sources are the same, taking the noise sources with the same directions as the vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle 3; when the orientations of the noise sources are different, the noise testing areas where the noise sources are positioned and the sound pressure levels of the noise generated by the noise testing areas are determined according to the orientations of the noise sources, and the noise sources on the noise testing areas corresponding to the maximum value in the sound pressure levels are selected as vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle 3, so that the vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle 3 are positioned.
After the positioning is finished, the vibration sensor 9 can be placed at the selected vibration sensitive point to test the vibration of the electric spindle 3, and after the test is finished, the detection of the next electric spindle 3 can be continued.
Specific embodiments of the invention are as follows:
in specific implementation, the specific division of the noise test area of the motorized spindle 3 is as follows: the upper side 20cm above the upper end surface of the electric spindle 3 is taken as an upper measuring surface, the left side 20cm of the left end surface is taken as a left measuring surface, four microphones 7 are equidistantly arranged at the central axis of the electric spindle 3 corresponding to each measuring surface, and the sensor mounting plate 6 is moved to the corresponding position.
As shown in fig. 4, according to the time delay between three adjacent microphones and the geometric relationship of the microphone array, the specific calculation method of the noise source azimuth is as follows:
wherein τ 12 For the time delay between the first microphone 7 and the second microphone 7, τ 13 Is the time delay between the first microphone 7 and the third microphone 7; r is (r) 1 、r 2 And r 3 The distances between the noise source and the first, second and third microphones 7, respectively, d is the distance between two adjacent microphones 7, c is the sound velocity, and θ is the angle between the noise source and the first microphone 7. According to the obtained angle theta and distance r 1 、r 2 And r 3 The orientation of the noise source can be obtained.
The foregoing embodiments have described in detail the technical solution and the advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, additions and equivalents made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system based on noise detection is characterized in that: including backup pad (1), support frame (2), platform base (4), sensing subassembly and electricity main shaft fixing base (8), platform base (4) are installed at support frame (2) top surface through horizontally backup pad (1), electricity main shaft fixing base (8) are installed at platform base (4) top surface, install electric main shaft (3) of waiting to detect of horizontal arrangement on electricity main shaft fixing base (8), sensing subassembly installs on platform base (4) and is located one side of the length direction of electric main shaft (3), sensing subassembly electricity is connected outside signal collector and is connected outside computer equipment through outside signal collector electricity.
2. An electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system based on noise detection as defined in claim 1, wherein: the sensor assembly comprises a sensor mounting bracket (5), two sensor mounting plates (6) and a plurality of microphones (7), wherein the sensor mounting bracket (5) is mounted on a platform base (4) and is positioned at one side of the length direction of the electric spindle (3), one sensor mounting plate (6) is mounted on the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket (5) and is parallel to the length direction of the electric spindle (3), the other sensor mounting plate (6) is mounted on one side surface of the sensor mounting bracket (5) far away from the electric spindle (3) and is parallel to the length direction of the electric spindle (3), each microphone (7) is vertically mounted on one sensor mounting plate (6) or horizontally mounted on the other sensor mounting plate (6) and is mutually parallel and evenly spaced along the length direction of the sensor mounting plate (6), and the pickup at the tail end of each microphone (7) and the same side surface of the electric spindle (3) are opposite to each other and are arranged at intervals; each microphone (7) is electrically connected with an external signal collector and is electrically connected with external computer equipment through the external signal collector.
3. An electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system based on noise detection as defined in claim 2, wherein: the electric spindle (3) is uniformly divided into a plurality of noise test areas along the length direction of the electric spindle, and each noise test area is opposite to a pickup at the tail end of a microphone (7); the number of microphones (7) is the same as the number of noise test areas, and the number of microphones is greater than or equal to three.
4. An electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system based on noise detection as defined in claim 2, wherein: the sensor mounting bracket is characterized in that two rows of evenly spaced first threaded holes are horizontally and parallelly formed in two sides of the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket (5), two rows of evenly spaced second threaded holes are vertically and parallelly formed in two sides of the sensor mounting bracket (5) away from one side surface of the electric spindle (3), one sensor mounting plate (6) is mounted on the top surface of the sensor mounting bracket (5) through each first threaded hole and a plurality of screws, and the other sensor mounting plate (6) is mounted on one side surface of the sensor mounting bracket (5) away from the electric spindle (3) through a plurality of screws of each second threaded hole.
5. An electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning method of an electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Mounting an electric spindle (3) to be detected on an electric spindle fixing seat (8), mounting each microphone (7) on a sensor mounting plate (6), and adjusting the position of the sensor mounting plate (6) so that each noise test area is opposite to a pickup at the tail end of each microphone (7);
2) Driving the electric spindle (3) to operate, receiving noise signals generated by the electric spindle (3) through each microphone (7), collecting the noise signals of each microphone (7) through an external signal collector, and transmitting the noise signals to external computer equipment;
3) The external computer equipment obtains the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test area opposite to each microphone (7) according to the collected noise signals of each microphone (7), and obtains the azimuth of the noise source detected by each microphone (7) after sequentially carrying out filtering weighting processing and sound source array processing on the collected noise signals of each microphone (7);
4) And judging and determining the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle (3) according to the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test areas opposite to the microphones (7) and the azimuth of the detected noise source, and positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle (3).
6. The method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle of the vibration sensitive point positioning system of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the sound pressure level of the noise generated by the opposite noise test areas is obtained according to the collected noise signals of each microphone (7), and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein L is Pi A sound pressure level of noise generated for a noise test area opposite to the ith microphone (7); p (P) i Sound pressure of noise generated for a noise test area facing an ith microphone (7); p (P) 0 Is the reference sound pressure.
7. The method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle of the vibration sensitive point positioning system of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the filtering and weighting process is performed on the collected noise signals of each microphone (7), specifically, the cross power spectrum of the noise received by each microphone (7) is filtered and weighted, so as to obtain the noise signals generated by the mechanical vibration of the electric spindle (3).
8. The method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle of the vibration sensitive point positioning system of claim 7, wherein: in the step 3), the azimuth of the noise source is obtained after the sound source array processing, specifically, for each microphone (7), the azimuth of one noise source detected by the microphone (7) is obtained by calculating according to the noise signals generated by the mechanical vibration of the electric spindle (3) obtained after the noise received by the microphone (7) and the other two microphones (7) in each microphone (7) are filtered and weighted, specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein τ ij For a time delay between the i-th microphone (7) and the j-th microphone (7) each receiving a noise signal emitted by a noise source; τ ik For the time delay between the reception of noise signals from the noise source by the ith microphone (7) and the kth microphone (7) respectively；r i 、r j And r k Distances between the noise source and the i, j and k th microphones (7), respectively; c is the speed of sound; d, d ij Is the distance between the ith microphone (7) and the jth microphone (7); d, d ik Is the distance between the ith microphone (7) and the kth microphone (7); θ is the angle between the noise source and the i-th microphone (7);
the azimuth of the noise source detected by the ith microphone (7) is finally obtained according to the included angle theta between the noise source and the ith microphone (7) and the distances between the noise source and the ith, j and k microphones (7).
9. The method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle of the vibration sensitive point positioning system of claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the time delay tau between the noise signals emitted by the noise sources received by the ith microphone (7) and the jth microphone (7) respectively ij The method comprises the following steps:
wherein ω is the integral variable of the frequency domain; psi phi type ij () A frequency domain weighting function for cross power spectra of noise received by the ith microphone (7) and the jth microphone (7); x is X i () Fourier transform after filtering and weighting the cross power spectrum of the noise received by the ith microphone (7);conjugation of Fourier transformation after filtering and weighting the cross power spectrum of noise received by the jth microphone (7); e is a natural constant; l is an imaginary unit.
10. The method for positioning the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle of the vibration sensitive point positioning system of claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle (3) is determined and judged according to the sound pressure level of noise generated by the noise test areas opposite to the microphones (7) and the azimuth of the detected noise source, specifically, according to the azimuth of one noise source detected by each microphone (7), when the azimuth of two or more noise sources is the same, the noise sources with the same azimuth are used as the vibration sensitive point of the electric spindle (3); when the orientations of all the noise sources are different, determining the noise test areas where all the noise sources are positioned and the sound pressure levels of noise generated by the noise test areas according to the orientations of all the noise sources, and selecting the noise sources on the noise test areas corresponding to the maximum value in all the sound pressure levels as vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle (3) to realize the positioning of the vibration sensitive points of the electric spindle (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310500482.6A CN116539149A (en) | 2023-05-06 | 2023-05-06 | Electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system and method based on noise detection |
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| CN202310500482.6A CN116539149A (en) | 2023-05-06 | 2023-05-06 | Electric spindle vibration sensitive point positioning system and method based on noise detection |
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