CN116536150A - Continuous sampling system for biological aerosol - Google Patents
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/12—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus by pressure
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The application provides a continuous sampling system of biological aerosol, which comprises a sampler, a gas-liquid separation subsystem, a vacuum generation subsystem, a liquid level control subsystem, a connecting device, a temperature control subsystem and a main control subsystem; the sampler is provided with an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is connected with the gas outlet, and the output end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is respectively connected with the liquid inlet and the vacuum generation subsystem; the input end of the liquid level control subsystem is connected with the air outlet, and the output end is connected with the liquid outlet; the connecting device is connected with the liquid outlet and is used for externally connecting molecular diagnosis and detection equipment; the temperature control subsystem is electrically connected with the sampler and is used for regulating and controlling the temperature inside the sampler; the main control subsystem is electrically connected with the vacuum generation subsystem, the liquid level control subsystem, the connecting device and the temperature control subsystem respectively. According to the sampling device, the sampling liquid in the sampler can be supplied, the biological aerosol can be continuously sampled for a long time, and the sampling efficiency of the biological aerosol is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and particularly relates to a continuous sampling system for bioaerosols.
Background
In recent years, highly pathogenic airborne microorganisms have become a focus of global public health concern due to the pandemic of infectious diseases, and by the year 2022, 11 and 20, 6.34 million diagnosed cases and 660 dying cases have been reported worldwide according to world health organization statistics.
The harm of spreading the highly pathogenic microorganisms through air spreading is huge, and specific ways are divided into aerosol spreading and spray spreading, wherein the main components are spray (or liquid drops), the size and the weight are relatively large and are easily influenced by gravity sedimentation, the spreading distance range is generally not more than 1m, the main components are biological particles relatively small in size and weight, the capability of following the movement of air flow is relatively strong, the spreading distance range is generally more than 1m, and the duration of spreading influence is longer than that of spray spreading. Droplets (or droplets) containing highly pathogenic microorganisms are often converted to aerosols after evaporation and drying. Therefore, development of detection means related to biological aerosol, especially long-time continuous sampling and detection means for public space with large people flow, has extremely important scientific research and application value.
Bioaerosols are essentially one type of aerosol, and are air colloidal suspension systems comprising biological particles (e.g., microorganisms or biomacromolecules) that are complex in biological characteristics and widely classified, including fragments of viruses, bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, spores, algae, insects, and mites, protein fragments of plant and animal origin, and the like. The typical size of bioaerosols ranges from 0.01 to 100 μm, where the typical size of viruses is typically 0.02 to 0.3 μm (the typical size of new coronaviruses is typically 0.06 to 0.14 μm), the typical size of bacteria is typically 0.5 to 10 μm, and the typical size of fungi is typically 0.5 to 30 μm.
Based on the above characteristics of the bioaerosol, it is generally considered that an ideal bioaerosol sampler should have the following 5-point characteristics: (1) high sampling efficiency; (2) sampling in rapid succession; (3) high particle deposition efficiency; (4) having a specific granularity selection capability; (5) Broad particle size coverage and good microorganism survival rate. The conventional biological aerosol sampler is mainly divided into a plurality of types such as solid impact type, centrifugal type, cyclone type, liquid impact type, filtering type, electrostatic sedimentation type, gravity sedimentation type, heat sink sedimentation type and the like according to the working principle of the biological aerosol sampler, but is mainly of a single-stage hydrodynamic or heat transfer structure, so that the conventional biological aerosol sampler has better capturing capability for fungi and bacteria with relatively large size, but has relatively weaker capturing capability for viruses with relatively small size, namely the conventional biological aerosol sampler has the problems of certain particle size coverage and sampling efficiency. In addition, the survival rate and survival time of pathogenic microorganisms in the bioaerosol sampler are mainly influenced by the factors such as the temperature, humidity, contact surface materials and the like of the environment. For cyclone-type, liquid impact-type bioaerosol samplers, in which liquid is present per se, the humidity is relatively high, and additional control is not required, and a high survival rate and a long survival time can be generally ensured by controlling the temperature to a temperature suitable for survival of pathogenic microorganisms. The temperature range generally suitable for pathogen survival and growth is 1℃to 40 ℃. If the virus is in an unsuitable survival environment, the survival time is generally not long, and the RNA virus is also easily degraded, which causes problems in detecting, extracting and culturing the virus (for gene sequencing and developing vaccines). Bacteria and fungi can cause problems in their cultivation and propagation (for detection and identification) if they are in an inappropriately viable environment. Meanwhile, the conventional bioaerosol sampler does not consider the problem of supplementation, the problem of limited volume of liquid stored by the sampler and the problem of liquid level control due to liquid consumption in the sampler when continuous sampling is carried out for a long time, and the problem of survival rate in the long-time sampling process. Therefore, it is not suitable for continuous sampling in the field for a long time.
Therefore, the particle size coverage and the sampling efficiency of the biological aerosol sampler are improved, the microorganism survival rate in the long-time sampling process is improved, the long-time continuous sampling can be realized, the microorganism survival rate in the long-time sampling process is well ensured, and the biological aerosol sampler has extremely important significance for biological safety, public health safety and even national safety.
The existing aerosol sampling device is not suitable for long-time continuous sampling on site because the liquid consumption in the sampler is not considered to supplement the problem and the survival rate problem in the long-time sampling process is not considered in the long-time continuous sampling, and the problems of low sampling efficiency and the like are also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a continuous sampling system for bioaerosols, so as to solve the technical problem that long-time continuous sampling is difficult to realize in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the application is as follows: the continuous sampling system for the biological aerosol comprises a sampler, a gas-liquid separation subsystem, a vacuum generation subsystem, a liquid level control subsystem, a connecting device, a temperature control subsystem and a main control subsystem; the sampler is provided with an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the gas-liquid separation subsystem is provided with an input end and two output ends; the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is connected with the air outlet, and one output end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet; the vacuum generation subsystem is connected with the other output end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem; the input end of the liquid level control subsystem is connected with the air outlet; the output end of the liquid level control subsystem is connected with the liquid outlet; the connecting device is connected with the liquid outlet and is used for externally connecting molecular diagnosis and detection equipment; the temperature control subsystem is electrically connected with the sampler and is used for regulating and controlling the temperature inside the sampler; the main control subsystem is respectively and electrically connected with the vacuum generation subsystem, the liquid level control subsystem, the connecting device and the temperature control subsystem.
Optionally, the sampler comprises a housing, a cyclone structure, an atomization structure, a first refrigeration device and a second refrigeration device; the shell is used for containing sampling liquid; the air outlet, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the shell; the cyclone structure is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected with the shell and extends to the inside of the shell; the atomization structure is arranged in the shell and is communicated with the gas outlet; the first refrigerating device is connected with the cyclone structure and is used for adjusting the temperature of the gas entering the cyclone structure; the second refrigerating device is connected with the shell and is used for adjusting the temperature of the sampling liquid.
Optionally, the cyclone structure comprises a conical body, and a round thick end of the conical body is communicated with the gas inlet; the sharp end of the conical body communicates with the gas outlet.
Optionally, the gas inlet air inlet direction is tangential to the circular cross section of the conical body; the gas inlets are arranged in a plurality, and the gas inlets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular section of the conical body.
Optionally, the first refrigeration device comprises a refrigerator and a condensing structure; the refrigerator is arranged at the round thick end of the conical body; the condensing structure is connected with the refrigerator and is arranged inside the conical body.
Optionally, the condensation structure is tapered with a sharp end of the condensation structure facing a sharp end of the tapered body.
Optionally, the atomizing structure comprises an atomizing nozzle and a liquid flow channel; one end of the atomizing spray pipe is communicated with the gas outlet, and the other end of the atomizing spray pipe faces to the sampling liquid; the liquid flow channel is communicated with the atomizing spray pipe on the side wall of the atomizing spray pipe, and the other end of the liquid flow channel is communicated with the sampling liquid.
Optionally, the atomizing spray pipe comprises an air inlet end, a convergent section, a throat, a divergent section and an air outlet end which are sequentially arranged along the air inflow direction; wherein the throat has a liquid inlet in communication with the liquid flow passage; the air outlet end faces the sampling liquid.
Optionally, the sampler further comprises a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control device is installed on the shell and is used for regulating and controlling the temperature inside the shell.
Optionally, the gas-liquid separation subsystem comprises a separation device and a drying device; the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is a gas-liquid input end arranged on the separation device, and the two output ends of the gas-liquid separation subsystem are a gas output end and a liquid output end respectively arranged on the separation device; the gas-liquid input end is connected with the gas outlet, and the liquid output end is connected with the liquid inlet; the input end of the drying device is connected with the gas output end, and the output end of the drying device is connected with the vacuum generation subsystem.
Optionally, the vacuum generating subsystem comprises a vacuum generating controller, a flow sensing element, a pressure sensing element and a vacuum generating device; the vacuum generation controller is respectively and electrically connected with the flow sensing element, the pressure sensing element and the vacuum generation device; the vacuum generating device is connected with the output end of the drying device through a gas pipeline; the flow sensing element and the pressure sensing element are sequentially arranged on the gas pipeline.
Optionally, the liquid level control subsystem comprises a liquid reservoir, a first liquid pump, a liquid level controller and a monitor; the input end of the liquid level control subsystem is an input end arranged on the liquid reservoir, and the input end of the liquid reservoir is connected with the air outlet; the output end of the liquid level control subsystem is an output end arranged on the first liquid pump, the input end of the first liquid pump is connected with the output end of the liquid storage device, and the output end of the first liquid pump is connected with the liquid outlet; the liquid level controller is also electrically connected with the first liquid pump; the monitor is connected with the liquid level controller and is used for monitoring the liquid level of the sampled liquid in the sampler.
Optionally, the connecting device comprises a second liquid pump, a stop valve and an interface controller; the input end of the second liquid pump is connected with the liquid outlet; the input end of the stop valve is connected with the output end of the second liquid pump, and the output end of the stop valve is used for being externally connected with molecular diagnosis and detection equipment; the interface controller is electrically connected with the second liquid pump.
Optionally, the temperature control subsystem includes a temperature controller electrically connected to the first refrigeration device, the second refrigeration device, and the temperature control device, respectively.
Optionally, the main control subsystem comprises a main controller, a power supply and an input-output device; the main controller is respectively and electrically connected with the vacuum generation controller, the liquid level controller, the interface controller and the temperature controller; the power supply is electrically connected with the main controller; the input and output device is electrically connected with the main controller.
Optionally, the continuous sampling system for bioaerosols further comprises an exhaust gas treatment subsystem, and the exhaust gas treatment subsystem is connected with the output end of the vacuum generation subsystem.
The biological aerosol continuous sampling system provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the continuous sampling system for the biological aerosol comprises a sampler, a gas-liquid separation subsystem, a vacuum generation subsystem, a liquid level control subsystem, a connecting device, a temperature control subsystem and a main control subsystem; the gas outlet of the sampler is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem, one of the output ends of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet to form a closed loop, meanwhile, the gas outlet of the sampler is also connected with the input end of the liquid level control subsystem, the output end of the liquid level control subsystem is connected with the liquid outlet to form a closed loop, and the sampling liquid in the sampler can be supplied by the arrangement, so that the continuous sampling of the biological aerosol for a long time can be realized, and the sampling efficiency of the biological aerosol is improved.
The biological aerosol continuous sampling system provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the application, the vacuum generation subsystem is arranged to enable the interior of the sampler to be in a negative pressure state, so that power is provided for the flow of gas in the whole system.
The biological aerosol continuous sampling system provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the application, through setting up connecting device, can carry the liquid after the sampling in real time to the molecular diagnosis check out test set and detect, improved the detection efficiency of biological aerosol.
The biological aerosol continuous sampling system provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the application, through setting up the control by temperature change subsystem, can implement the regulation and control to the inside temperature of sampler, improve the survival rate of microorganism in the sampling process.
The biological aerosol continuous sampling system provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the application, through setting up main control subsystem, can control vacuum generation subsystem, liquid level control subsystem, connecting device and control by temperature change subsystem, and then can realize the real-time measurement and control to parameters such as temperature, liquid level, pressure and flow, improved the degree of automated control.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous sampling system for bioaerosols according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampler in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a working principle of a sampler in a continuous sampling system of bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a primary structure of an enrichment junction in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a first-stage enrichment structure in a continuous bio-aerosol sampling system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a primary structure of a second-stage enrichment junction structure in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of part of the portion A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a typical temperature distribution in a sampler in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a typical temperature distribution in a sampler in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas-liquid separation subsystem in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum generating subsystem in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid level control subsystem in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection device in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control subsystem in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a main control subsystem in a continuous sampling system for bioaerosol according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:
a 100-sampler; 110-a housing; 111-sampling a liquid; 112-liquid inlet; 113-a liquid outlet; 114-an air outlet;
A 120-cyclone structure; 121-gas inlet; 122-gas outlet; 123-a conical body;
130-atomizing structure; 131-atomizing spray pipe; 1311—an air inlet end; 1312-a tapered section; 1313-throat; 13131-liquid inlet; 1314-diverging section; 1315-an outlet end; 132-a liquid flow channel;
140-a first refrigeration device; 141-a refrigerator; 142-condensing structure;
150-a second refrigeration device;
160-a temperature control device;
170-connectors;
200-gas-liquid separation subsystem; 210-separation means; 220-a drying device;
300-a vacuum generating subsystem; 310-vacuum generating controller; 320-a flow sensing element; 330-a pressure sensing element; 340-a vacuum generating device; 350-a vacuum generating signal conditioning circuit; 360-vacuum generating power control circuit;
400-a level control subsystem; 410-a reservoir; 420-a first liquid pump; 430-a liquid level controller; 440-monitor; 450-liquid level power control circuit;
500-connecting means; 510-a second liquid pump; 520-stop valve; 530-an interface controller; 540-interface power control circuitry;
600-temperature control subsystem; 610-temperature controller; 620-a temperature control signal conditioning circuit; 630-a temperature-controlled power control circuit;
700-a master control subsystem; 710—a master controller; 720-power supply; 730-input-output devices;
800-an exhaust gas treatment subsystem.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 to 15, a continuous sampling system for bioaerosols according to an embodiment of the present application will be described. The continuous sampling system for the biological aerosol comprises a sampler 100, a gas-liquid separation subsystem 200, a vacuum generation subsystem 300, a liquid level control subsystem 400, a connecting device 500, a temperature control subsystem 600 and a main control subsystem 700; the sampler 100 has an air outlet 114, a liquid inlet 112 and a liquid outlet 113; the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 has one input and two outputs; the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 is connected with the gas outlet 114, and one of the output ends of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 is connected with the liquid inlet 112; the vacuum generation subsystem 300 is connected with the other output end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200; the input end of the liquid level control subsystem 400 is connected with the air outlet 114; the output end of the liquid level control subsystem 400 is connected with the liquid outlet 113; the connecting device 500 is connected with the liquid outlet 113, and the connecting device 500 is used for externally connecting molecular diagnosis and detection equipment; the temperature control subsystem 600 is electrically connected with the sampler 100 and is used for regulating and controlling the temperature inside the sampler 100; the main control subsystem 700 is electrically connected with the vacuum generating subsystem 300, the liquid level control subsystem 400, the connection device 500 and the temperature control subsystem 600, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the continuous sampling system for the biological aerosol provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a sampler 100, a gas-liquid separation subsystem 200, a vacuum generation subsystem 300, a liquid level control subsystem 400, a connecting device 500, a temperature control subsystem 600 and a main control subsystem 700; the gas outlet 114 of the sampler 100 is connected with the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200, one of the output ends of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 is connected with the liquid inlet 112 to form a closed loop, meanwhile, the gas outlet 114 of the sampler 100 is also connected with the input end of the liquid level control subsystem 400, the output end of the liquid level control subsystem 400 is connected with the liquid outlet 113, and a closed loop is also formed, so that the sampling liquid 111 in the sampler 100 can be supplied, long-time continuous sampling of the biological aerosol can be realized, and the sampling efficiency of the biological aerosol is improved.
In this embodiment, the vacuum generating subsystem 300 is configured to enable the sampler 100 to be in a negative pressure state, so as to provide power for the flow of gas in the whole system.
In this embodiment, by arranging the connection device 500, the sampled liquid can be transported to the molecular diagnosis detection device for detection in real time, so as to improve the detection efficiency of the bioaerosol.
In this embodiment, by providing the temperature control subsystem 600, the temperature inside the sampler 100 can be regulated and controlled, so as to improve the survival rate of microorganisms in the sampling process.
In this embodiment, by setting the main control subsystem 700, the vacuum generating subsystem 300, the liquid level control subsystem 400, the connection device 500 and the temperature control subsystem 600 can be controlled, so that real-time measurement and control of parameters such as temperature, liquid level, pressure and flow can be realized, and the degree of automation control is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 and 3 together, the sampler 100 includes a housing 110, a cyclone structure 120, an atomization structure 130, a first refrigeration device 140, and a second refrigeration device 150; the housing 110 is used for holding a sampling liquid 111; the air outlet 114, the liquid inlet 112 and the liquid outlet 113 are arranged on the shell 110; the cyclone structure 120 has a gas inlet 121 and a gas outlet 122, and the gas outlet 122 is connected to the housing 110 and extends to the inside of the housing 110; the atomizing structure 130 is disposed inside the housing 110 and communicates with the gas outlet 122; the first refrigerating device 140 is connected to the cyclone structure 120, and the first refrigerating device 140 is used for adjusting the temperature of the gas entering the cyclone structure 120; a second cooling device 150 is connected to the housing 110, the second cooling device 150 being used to regulate the temperature of the sampling liquid 111.
In this embodiment, the cyclone structure 120 and the first refrigerating device 140 form a first-stage enrichment structure, the atomizing structure 130 and the second refrigerating device 150 form a second-stage enrichment structure, the first-stage enrichment structure and the second-stage enrichment structure are both composite structures combining hydrodynamic and thermal-conductive structures, and the capturing and collecting capacity of the particulate matters with larger size and weight in the biological aerosol is ensured while the capturing and collecting capacity of the particulate matters with smaller size and weight is further enhanced through the comprehensive effect of the two-stage enrichment structures, so that the particle size coverage and the sampling efficiency can be effectively improved. By arranging the first refrigerating device 140 and the second refrigerating device 150, the temperature inside the bioaerosol sampler 100 can be regulated and controlled, and the survival rate of microorganisms in the bioaerosol sampler 100 in the long-time sampling process is effectively improved.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the bioaerosol sampler 100 is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, solid arrows in fig. 3 indicate gas flow directions, and broken arrows indicate liquid flow directions. A vacuum generating device (such as a vacuum generator, a vacuum generating device 340, etc.) can be externally connected at the gas outlet 122 to generate negative pressure, and the outside biological aerosol of the biological aerosol sampler 100 sequentially passes through the gas inlet 121, the cyclone structure 120 and the atomization structure 130 and enters the sampling liquid 111 at the bottom of the housing 110. After the sampling is completed, the liquid sample is taken out of the housing 110, and the subsequent molecular diagnosis and detection are performed.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 4 and 5 together, the cyclone structure 120 includes a conical body 123, and a rounded end of the conical body 123 communicates with the gas inlet 121; the sharp end of the tapered body 123 communicates with the gas outlet 122.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 5, the gas inlet 121 is oriented tangentially to the circular cross-section of the conical body 123; the gas inlets 121 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of gas inlets 121 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular cross section of the tapered body 123.
In this embodiment, the gas inlet 121 is tangential to the circular cross section of the conical body 123, and the structure of the conical body 123 is combined, so that the gas enters the conical body 123 and moves along the wall surface thereof, thereby generating a vortex gas flow during movement, and gradually converging towards the gas outlet 122. By providing a plurality of gas inlets 121, the flow rate of gas into the tapered body 123 can be increased, improving the collection efficiency.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 to 4, the first refrigeration device 140 includes a refrigerator 141 and a condensation structure 142; the refrigerator 141 is installed at the round thick end of the conical body 123; the condensing structure 142 is connected to the refrigerator 141 and is disposed inside the tapered body 123. Refrigerator 141 may create a low temperature environment for condensing structure 142. The first refrigerating device 140 is used for condensation and condensation sedimentation of gas.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 to 4, the condensation structure 142 is tapered, and the sharp end of the condensation structure 142 faces the sharp end of the tapered body 123. When the gas collides with the condensation structure 142, the gas is condensed into liquid drops on the surface of the condensation structure 142, and the liquid drops drip under the gravity of the liquid drops; the tapered design of the condensation structure 142 further facilitates the droplet to collect at the sharp end of the condensation structure 142 and drip.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the first-stage enrichment structure is as follows: referring to fig. 4 and 5 together, solid arrows in fig. 4 and 5 indicate a gas flow direction, and broken arrows indicate a liquid flow direction. The pressure at the gas outlet 122 is lower than the pressure at the inlet (atmospheric pressure) so that the external gas can be inhaled from the gas inlet 121; the plurality of gas inlets 121 are tangential to the circular cross section of the conical body 123, so that the gas enters the conical body 123 and then runs along the wall surface, thereby generating vortex in the moving gas flow and converging towards the axis of the gas outlet 122; a part of the gas is condensed and settled when passing through the condensing structure 142, and meanwhile, liquid drops formed on the surface of the condensing structure 142 move towards the gas outlet 122 under the influence of self gravity; the other part of gas generates vortex in the moving airflow and finally enters the gas outlet 122, so that the first enrichment of the outside biological aerosol is realized. The effect of the first enrichment is to enhance the capture and collection of smaller sized and weight particulate matter while ensuring the capture and collection capability of larger sized and weight particulate matter in the bioaerosol.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the atomizing structure 130 includes an atomizing nozzle 131 and a liquid flow channel 132; one end of the atomizing nozzle 131 is communicated with the gas outlet 122, and the other end of the atomizing nozzle 131 faces the sampling liquid 111; the liquid flow channel 132 communicates with the atomizing nozzle 131 at the side wall of the atomizing nozzle 131, and the other end of the liquid flow channel 132 communicates with the sampling liquid 111.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 7, the atomizing nozzle 131 includes an inlet end 1311, a tapered section 1312, a throat 1313, a diverging section 1314, and an outlet end 1315, which are disposed in order along the gas inflow direction; wherein the throat 1313 has a liquid inlet 13131, the liquid inlet 13131 being in communication with the liquid flow passage 132; the gas outlet end 1315 is directed towards the sampling liquid 111.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 and 3 together, the sampler 100 further includes a temperature control device 160, where the temperature control device 160 is installed on the housing 110, and the temperature control device 160 is used to regulate the temperature inside the housing 110. The temperature control device 160, the atomizing structure 130 and the second refrigerating device 150 together form a second-stage enrichment structure, and the second refrigerating device 150 and the temperature control device 160 are used for condensation, condensation and sedimentation of gas.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the first refrigeration device 140 is defined as a position i, the temperature control device 160 is defined as a position ii, and the second refrigeration device 150 is defined as a position iii. Wherein, the position I is at low temperature, and the condensation structure 142 cooperates to realize the first enrichment of the outside biological aerosol; the position II is at a medium temperature (moderate temperature) to provide a proper survival temperature for pathogenic microorganisms; the position III is at low temperature, and a temperature gradient field is formed by the low temperature and the medium temperature at the position II, so that the second enrichment of the external biological aerosol is realized through the actions of airflow movement, gravity sedimentation and condensation.
The temperature range of the position I is generally 1-5 ℃, the temperature range of the position II is generally 15-25 ℃, the temperature range of the position III is generally-5 ℃, the typical temperature distribution I and the typical temperature distribution II are respectively shown in fig. 8 and 9, and in fig. 8 and 9, the abscissa represents the position, and the ordinate represents the temperature.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the second-stage enrichment structure is as follows: the pressure of the air outlet end 1315 is lower than the pressure of the air inlet end 1311 (a vacuum generating device 340 can be arranged at the air outlet end 1315 to enable the air outlet end 1315 to generate negative pressure), the liquid-gas mixture generated by the first-stage enrichment structure sequentially passes through the air inlet end 1311, the tapered section 1312, the throat 1313, the diverging section 1314 and the air outlet end 1315, and generates strong negative pressure at the throat 1313, the sampling liquid 111 enters the throat 1313 from the liquid inlet 131311 through a liquid pipeline, self-priming atomization is realized at the throat 1313 through high-speed injection, and the atomized micro liquid drops capture and wrap pathogens in biological aerosol to form aerosol and are ejected from the air outlet end 1315; a part of the aerosol directly enters the sampling liquid 111 at the bottom of the shell 110 and merges with the sampling liquid 111; the other part of aerosol is condensed in the temperature gradient field generated by the temperature control device and the second refrigerating device 150 to form larger liquid drops, and the larger liquid drops drop into the sampling liquid 111 at the bottom of the shell 110 through airflow movement and gravity sedimentation and are fused with the sampling liquid 111, so that the second enrichment of the outside biological aerosol is realized. The effect of the second enrichment is to further enhance the capture and collection of smaller sized and weight particulate matter while ensuring the capture and collection capability of larger sized and weight particulate matter in the bioaerosol.
In one embodiment of the present application, the housing 110 is made of a material having good biological, mechanical and optical transparency properties. For example: bioglass, aluminium hydroxide, polycarbonate and the like.
In one embodiment of the present application, the portion of the housing 110 that is coupled to the second cooling device 150, and the portion of the housing 110 that is coupled to the temperature control device 160, the housing 110 has a relatively thin wall thickness, which facilitates heat transfer.
In one embodiment of the present application, the cyclone structure 120 and the atomizing structure 130 are independently manufactured using precision machining.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2, the cyclone structure 120 and the atomization structure 130 are connected by a connector 170, the connector 170 may be a two-way pipe, one end of the two-way pipe is connected to the gas outlet 122 of the cyclone structure 120, and the other end of the two-way pipe is connected to the gas inlet 1311 of the atomization structure 130; the connection between the two-way pipe and the cyclone structure 120 and the connection between the two-way pipe and the atomization structure 130 are sealed by adopting a high-strength sealing process; to improve the tightness of the connection of the cyclone structure 120 and the atomizing structure 130.
In one embodiment of the present application, the connection between the cyclone structure 120 and the body of the sampler 100 is sealed using a high strength sealing process; with a seal between the cyclone structure 120 and the body of the sampler 100.
In one embodiment of the present application, the surface of the condensation structure 142 in the first refrigeration device 140 is made of a polymer material, for example: polyimide, polyetherketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, and the like; the interior of the condensing structure 142 is made of a high thermal conductivity material, such as: metal materials such as copper and aluminum, ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide and boron nitride, carbon materials such as graphite and carbon fiber, and semiconductor materials such as silicon and germanium.
The high strength sealing process in this embodiment may include the following:
(1) And (3) sealing a welding line: and welding the two parts of the interface together by utilizing welding processes such as gas welding, electric welding, laser welding, ultrasonic wave and the like to form a sealing structure.
(2) And (3) pressure sealing: and a high-pressure state is formed at the joint part through the processes of compaction or extrusion and the like, so that a closed state such as a sealing gasket, a sealing ring and the like is formed.
(3) And (3) bonding and sealing: and coating a layer of adhesive on the connecting part by using the adhesive to seal the interface.
(4) Coating and sealing: coating a layer of paint on the surface of the sealed material to form a coating with the characteristics of water resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.
(5) And (3) sealing a fastener: the two parts are fixed together by using fasteners such as threaded connection, jaw connection and the like, and are clamped and sealed by sealing adhesives such as cosmetic and the like.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 10, a gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 includes a separation device 210 and a drying device 220; the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 is a gas-liquid input end arranged on the separation device 210, and the two output ends of the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 are a gas output end and a liquid output end respectively arranged on the separation device 210; the separation device 210 has a gas-liquid input, a gas output, and a liquid output; the gas-liquid input end is connected with the gas outlet 114, and the liquid output end is connected with the liquid inlet 112; the input of the drying device 220 is connected to a gas output, and the output of the drying device 220 is connected to the vacuum generating subsystem 300. Specifically, the separation device 210 may be a cyclone type separator, and the drying device 220 may be an absorption type dryer.
In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200 is used to separate the vapor from the liquid passing through the gas outlet 114 of the sampler 100, and return the separated liquid to the sampler 100. By arranging the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200, the liquid level in the sampler 100 can be compensated to a certain extent, and the gas part enters the vacuum generation subsystem 300 after being dried, so that the problem that the vacuum generation device 340 is easy to generate a large amount of water when the vacuum generation device 340 is used as a medium (air) with high processing humidity and the equipment can be damaged if the water is not discharged in time is avoided. Meanwhile, the problem that when the tail gas with high air humidity is directly treated, an additional treatment device is added for avoiding condensation of a part of water vapor in the device is also avoided.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 11, vacuum generating subsystem 300 includes a vacuum generating controller 310, a flow sensing element 320, a pressure sensing element 330, and a vacuum generating device 340; the vacuum generating controller 310 is electrically connected with the flow sensing element 320, the pressure sensing element 330 and the vacuum generating device 340, respectively; the vacuum generating device 340 is connected with the output end of the drying device 220 through a gas pipeline; the flow sensing element 320 and the pressure sensing element 330 are sequentially disposed on the gas line.
Specifically, the vacuum generating device 340 may employ a high-flow high-vacuum pump; the flow sensing element 320 adopts a high-flow and high-precision flow sensor, the pressure sensing element 330 adopts a high-precision vacuum pressure sensor, the flow sensor is used for flow detection, and the pressure sensor is used for pressure detection; the vacuum generating controller 310 employs a microcontroller with a built-in high precision closed loop control algorithm.
In this embodiment, the vacuum generating subsystem 300 further includes a vacuum generating signal conditioning circuit 350 and a vacuum generating power control circuit 360, and the vacuum generating signal conditioning circuit 350 and the vacuum generating power control circuit 360 are respectively disposed on the vacuum generating controller 310.
In this embodiment, the vacuum generating subsystem 300 can generate a high vacuum degree to form a strong negative pressure, so as to provide a driving force for the gas flow to the sampler 100, because the flow resistance of the sampler 100 of this embodiment is larger than that of the conventional bio-aerosol sampler 100 with a single-stage hydrodynamic structure, and a larger vacuum degree is required as the driving force to ensure the realization of the design function. The flow rate control is realized by detecting the flow rate through the flow rate sensing element 320, outputting the flow rate to the vacuum generating device 340 through the vacuum generating controller 310 with a built-in closed-loop control algorithm, and controlling the working state of the vacuum generating device 340. The flow control function is to accommodate variations in the sampling environment and to provide the efficient bioaerosol sampler 100 with important tuning parameters that optimize the sampling performance.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 12, a fluid level control subsystem 400 includes a reservoir 410, a first fluid pump 420, a fluid level controller 430, and a monitor 440; the input end of the liquid level control subsystem 400 is an input end arranged on the liquid reservoir 410, and the input end of the liquid reservoir 410 is connected with the air outlet 114; the output end of the liquid level control subsystem 400 is an output end arranged on the first liquid pump 420, the input end of the first liquid pump 420 is connected with the output end of the liquid reservoir 410, and the output end of the first liquid pump 420 is connected with the liquid outlet 113; the liquid level controller 430 is also electrically connected to the first liquid pump 420; monitor 440 is connected to liquid level controller 430, monitor 440 being configured to monitor the level of sampled liquid 111 within sampler 100.
In this embodiment, the liquid level control subsystem 400 further includes a liquid level power control circuit 450, the liquid level controller 430 is electrically connected, and the liquid level power control circuit 450 is disposed on the liquid level controller 430.
In this embodiment, the reservoir 410 is designed as a fully enclosed tank; the first liquid pump 420 may employ a diaphragm pump or a peristaltic pump; monitor 440 uses embedded machine vision for level detection, for example, monitor 440 may employ a high definition camera; the level controller 430 employs a microcontroller of a high-precision closed-loop control algorithm.
The specific functions of the fluid level control subsystem 400 are: the liquid level of the liquid at the bottom of the shell 110 is supplemented to a certain height, and a gap between the liquid level and the atomization structure 130 of the sampler 100 is maintained, so that the enrichment function can be normally realized. Because, in the gas-liquid separation subsystem 200, as well as the structures of the roads, walls, etc. in the overall bioaerosol continuous sampling system, certain losses are incurred to the amount of sampling liquid 111, especially for long continuous sampling operations. Meanwhile, the liquid amount entering the molecular diagnosis and detection equipment through the connecting device 500 for molecular diagnosis and detection is supplemented through the liquid outlet 113 at the bottom of the shell 110.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 13, a connection device 500 includes a second liquid pump 510, a shut-off valve 520, and an interface controller 530; the input end of the second liquid pump 510 is connected with the liquid outlet 113; the input end of the stop valve 520 is connected with the output end of the second liquid pump 510, and the output end of the stop valve 520 is used for externally connecting molecular diagnosis and detection equipment; the interface controller 530 is electrically connected to the second liquid pump 510. The connection apparatus 500 further includes an interface power control circuit 540; interface power control circuit 540 is disposed on interface controller 530.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 14, the temperature control subsystem 600 includes a temperature controller 610, where the temperature controller 610 is electrically connected to the first refrigeration device 140, the second refrigeration device 150, and the temperature control device 160, respectively.
In this embodiment, the microcontroller used by the temperature controller 610 has a real-time multitasking system, and performs precise real-time measurement and control on temperature through a high-precision closed-loop control algorithm and task scheduling and control. The first refrigeration device 140 and the second refrigeration device 150 have the same structure, and can use semiconductor refrigeration; a temperature control device 160. Has heating and refrigerating functions.
In this embodiment, the temperature control subsystem 600 further includes a temperature control signal conditioning circuit 620 and a temperature control power control circuit 630; the temperature control signal conditioning circuit 620 and the temperature control power control circuit 630 are respectively disposed on the temperature controller 610.
In this embodiment, the specific function of the temperature control subsystem 600 is to detect the temperatures of the first refrigeration device 140, the second refrigeration device 150 and the temperature control device 160, and control the temperatures of the first refrigeration device 140, the second refrigeration device 150 and the temperature control device 160 simultaneously, in real time and with high precision through the temperature controller 610 with high-precision closed-loop control and embedded real-time multi-task system.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 15, a master control subsystem 700 includes a master controller 710, a power supply 720, and an input-output device 730; the main controller 710 is electrically connected with the vacuum generating controller 310, the liquid level controller 430, the interface controller 530, and the temperature controller 610, respectively; the power supply 720 is electrically connected with the main controller 710; the input-output device 730 is electrically connected to the main controller 710. Specifically, the input-output device 730 may employ a high-definition capacitive touch screen.
In this embodiment, the main control subsystem 700 has specific functions of providing high-precision closed-loop control for the liquid level control subsystem 400, the vacuum generating subsystem 300, and the temperature control subsystem 600. The multi-task hard real-time is realized by adopting a master-slave microcontroller architecture, wherein microcontrollers in a master-slave system are master controllers 710, and vacuum generation controllers 310, liquid level controllers 430, interface controllers 530 and temperature controllers 610 are all slave controllers. The master controller 710 controls the slave controllers in real time through hard and real-time, so that real-time measurement and control of parameters such as temperature, liquid level, pressure, flow and the like are realized.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 1, the continuous sampling system for bioaerosol further includes an exhaust treatment subsystem 800, where the exhaust treatment subsystem 800 is connected to an output of the vacuum generating subsystem 300.
In this embodiment, the exhaust treatment subsystem 800 functions to sterilize the gas passing through the vacuum generating subsystem 300. Because the continuous sampling system of bioaerosols is difficult to achieve hundred percent sampling and capturing efficiency, by providing the exhaust treatment subsystem 800, highly pathogenic bioaerosols can be prevented from returning to the environment again, allowing for some degree of air purification while sampling is being performed.
In this embodiment, the exhaust treatment subsystem 800 may use negative oxygen ions and irradiation to sterilize the gas.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present application.
Claims (16)
1. A bioaerosol continuous sampling system, comprising:
the sampler is provided with an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet;
The gas-liquid separation subsystem is provided with an input end and two output ends; the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is connected with the air outlet, and one output end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is connected with the liquid inlet;
the vacuum generation subsystem is connected with the other output end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem;
the input end of the liquid level control subsystem is connected with the air outlet; the output end of the liquid level control subsystem is connected with the liquid outlet;
the connecting device is connected with the liquid outlet and is used for externally connecting molecular diagnosis and detection equipment;
the temperature control subsystem is electrically connected with the sampler and used for regulating and controlling the temperature inside the sampler; and
the main control subsystem is electrically connected with the vacuum generation subsystem, the liquid level control subsystem, the connecting device and the temperature control subsystem respectively.
2. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system as defined in claim 1, wherein the sampler comprises:
the shell is used for containing sampling liquid; the air outlet, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the shell;
A cyclone structure having a gas inlet and a gas outlet connected to the housing and extending into the interior of the housing;
the atomization structure is arranged in the shell and is communicated with the gas outlet;
the first refrigeration device is connected with the cyclone structure and is used for adjusting the temperature of the gas entering the cyclone structure; and
and the second refrigerating device is connected with the shell and is used for adjusting the temperature of the sampling liquid.
3. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system of claim 2, wherein the cyclonic structure comprises a conical body having a rounded end in communication with the gas inlet; the sharp end of the conical body communicates with the gas outlet.
4. A bioaerosol continuous sampling system as in claim 3, wherein the gas inlet air intake direction is tangential to a circular cross-section of the conical body; the gas inlets are arranged in a plurality, and the gas inlets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular section of the conical body.
5. A bioaerosol continuous sampling system as in claim 3, wherein the first refrigeration device comprises a refrigerator and a condensing structure; the refrigerator is arranged at the round thick end of the conical body; the condensing structure is connected with the refrigerator and is arranged inside the conical body.
6. The continuous sampling system of claim 5, wherein the condensing structure is tapered with a sharp end of the condensing structure facing a sharp end of the tapered body.
7. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system of claim 2, wherein the atomizing structure comprises an atomizing nozzle and a liquid flow channel; one end of the atomizing spray pipe is communicated with the gas outlet, and the other end of the atomizing spray pipe faces to the sampling liquid; the liquid flow channel is communicated with the atomizing spray pipe on the side wall of the atomizing spray pipe, and the other end of the liquid flow channel is communicated with the sampling liquid.
8. The continuous sampling system of bioaerosol according to claim 7, wherein the atomizing nozzle comprises an inlet end, a converging section, a throat, a diverging section, and an outlet end disposed sequentially along a gas inflow direction; wherein the throat has a liquid inlet in communication with the liquid flow passage; the air outlet end faces the sampling liquid.
9. The continuous sampling system of bioaerosols of claim 2, wherein said sampler further comprises a temperature control device mounted on said housing for regulating the temperature inside said housing.
10. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system of claim 9, wherein the gas-liquid separation subsystem comprises:
the gas-liquid separation device comprises a gas-liquid separation subsystem, a separation device and a gas-liquid separation device, wherein the input end of the gas-liquid separation subsystem is a gas-liquid input end arranged on the separation device, and the two output ends of the gas-liquid separation subsystem are a gas output end and a liquid output end respectively arranged on the separation device; the gas-liquid input end is connected with the gas outlet, and the liquid output end is connected with the liquid inlet; and
and the input end of the drying device is connected with the gas output end, and the output end of the drying device is connected with the vacuum generation subsystem.
11. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system of claim 10, wherein the vacuum generating subsystem comprises:
a vacuum generation controller;
the flow sensing element is electrically connected with the vacuum generation controller;
The pressure sensing element is electrically connected with the vacuum generation controller; and
a vacuum generating device; the vacuum generating device is electrically connected with the vacuum generating controller and is connected with the output end of the drying device through a gas pipeline; the flow sensing element and the pressure sensing element are sequentially arranged on the gas pipeline.
12. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system of claim 11, wherein the level control subsystem comprises:
the input end of the liquid level control subsystem is an input end arranged on the liquid reservoir, and the input end of the liquid reservoir is connected with the air outlet;
the output end of the liquid level control subsystem is an output end arranged on the first liquid pump, the input end of the first liquid pump is connected with the output end of the liquid reservoir, and the output end of the first liquid pump is connected with the liquid outlet;
the liquid level controller is also electrically connected with the first liquid pump; and
the monitor is connected with the liquid level controller and is used for monitoring the liquid level of the sampled liquid in the sampler.
13. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system as in claim 12, wherein the connecting means comprises:
the input end of the second liquid pump is connected with the liquid outlet;
the input end of the stop valve is connected with the output end of the second liquid pump, and the output end of the stop valve is used for being externally connected with molecular diagnosis detection equipment; and
and the interface controller is electrically connected with the second liquid pump.
14. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system of claim 13, wherein the temperature control subsystem comprises a temperature controller electrically connected to the first refrigeration device, the second refrigeration device, and the temperature control device, respectively.
15. The bioaerosol continuous sampling system as in claim 14, wherein the master control subsystem comprises:
the main controller is electrically connected with the vacuum generation controller, the liquid level controller, the interface controller and the temperature controller respectively;
the power supply is electrically connected with the main controller; and
and the input/output equipment is electrically connected with the main controller.
16. The continuous sampling system of claim 1-15, further comprising an exhaust treatment subsystem coupled to an output of the vacuum generating subsystem.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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