CN116532740B - Method for step-by-step brazing of magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy by using metal and glass solder - Google Patents
Method for step-by-step brazing of magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy by using metal and glass solder Download PDFInfo
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- CN116532740B CN116532740B CN202310697605.XA CN202310697605A CN116532740B CN 116532740 B CN116532740 B CN 116532740B CN 202310697605 A CN202310697605 A CN 202310697605A CN 116532740 B CN116532740 B CN 116532740B
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910002110 ceramic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- YISOXLVRWFDIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth;borate Chemical group [Bi+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] YISOXLVRWFDIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005385 borate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004337 Ti-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011209 Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/30—Organic material
- B23K2103/32—Material from living organisms, e.g. skins
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
A method for soldering magnesium fluoride ceramics and titanium alloy step by using metal and glass solder relates to a method for soldering magnesium fluoride ceramics and titanium alloy. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the magnesium fluoride ceramic is difficult to wet due to large F-Mg bond energy and the joint has low room temperature shear strength. The invention adopts a step-by-step connection technology of metal brazing and glass brazing, ni-based superalloy is selected as an intermediate transition layer, glass brazing filler metal is selected between a parent metal magnesium fluoride ceramic and an Ni-based superalloy intermediate layer, and metal brazing filler metal is selected between the Ni-based superalloy intermediate layer and a titanium alloy, and the melting temperature difference of the brazing filler metal used at the two interfaces exceeds 100 ℃, so that the invention adopts a two-step welding process. The invention provides technical support for the application of the magnesium fluoride ceramic in an optical window.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for brazing magnesium fluoride ceramics and titanium alloy.
Background
Magnesium fluoride (MgF) 2 ) The ceramic is an optical functional ceramic material and has a plurality of special physical and chemical properties, including good light transmittance, higher mechanical strength, thermal shock resistance, chemical stability, high hardness, corrosion resistance and the like. The use of optical devices such as infrared windows and fairings has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their excellent optical properties in the mid-infrared region. When applied as transparent ceramic windows, it is often necessary to combine with a metal frame to form an optical assembly. In the past, the transparent window and the metal support body are connected by adopting the modes of gluing or mechanical connection and the like, and along with the demands of the infrared window on high temperature resistance, mechanical stability and light weight, the connecting method has the advantages of highlighting some problems, such as poor gluing high temperature aging resistance and weak mechanical stability,the high-temperature and long-service-life requirements are difficult to meet due to easy cracking and failure in the service process; the components obtained by mechanical connection have complex structures, are easy to generate stress concentration, and are difficult to meet the requirement of light weight. The density of the titanium alloy is typically about 4.51g/cm 3 Lower than steel, copper and nickel, only 60% of the density of steel, and the specific strength is ranked first in metal, so that parts with high unit strength, good rigidity and light weight can be manufactured. The connection essence of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy belongs to the connection of ceramic and metal dissimilar materials, the connection difficulty is extremely high due to different chemical bonding, and the problem of residual stress after welding is required to be solved due to the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy. The brazing connection has the advantages of reliable connection joint, good repeatability and the like, and is the most commonly used method for connecting ceramics and metals. The method for directly brazing the metal and the ceramic by adopting the active brazing filler metals such as Ag, cu, ti and the like has the advantages of simple technology, high connection strength, lower production cost, good repeatability and the like. Because the F-Mg bond energy of the magnesium fluoride ceramic is large, the magnesium fluoride ceramic is difficult to wet by adopting active solder, and a novel connecting technology still needs to be developed. The difficult problem of connection between the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy is solved, and the magnesium fluoride ceramic-titanium alloy composite material has important practical engineering application value for meeting the application requirements of high strength, heat resistance and long service life of novel ceramic-metal connecting components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the magnesium fluoride ceramic is difficult to wet due to large F-Mg bond energy and low room temperature shear strength of a joint caused by the adoption of active brazing filler metal, and provides a method for brazing magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy step by using metal and glass brazing filler metal.
The method for soldering the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy by using the metal and the glass solder step by step comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) assembling: assembling a parent metal titanium alloy, an Ag-based brazing filler metal and a Ni-based superalloy into a sandwich structure, wherein the Ag-based brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle;
2. vacuum brazing: putting the sandwich structure assembled in the first step into a fixed clamp, putting into a vacuum brazing furnace, heating to 780-850 ℃, and keeping the vacuum degree at not lower than 2 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa, incubating for 5-20 min, then adding 10 ℃ to the mixtureCooling to 300-320 ℃ at the speed of min-15 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a pre-sample;
3. and (5) reassembly: assembling according to a sandwich structure form of a pre-sample/glass solder/base material magnesium fluoride ceramic, wherein one side of the Ni-based superalloy in the pre-sample is close to the glass solder;
the glass solder is bismuth borate;
4. air brazing: and (3) placing the weldment in the third step and the clamp into a resistance heating furnace together, heating to 660-720 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30 min, and cooling to 300-320 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min under the air atmosphere, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to finish the braze welding connection of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy.
The invention adopts a step-by-step connection technology of metal brazing and glass brazing, ni-based superalloy is selected as an intermediate transition layer, glass brazing filler metal is selected between a parent metal magnesium fluoride ceramic and an Ni-based superalloy intermediate layer, and metal brazing filler metal is selected between the Ni-based superalloy intermediate layer and a titanium alloy, and the melting temperature difference of the brazing filler metal used at the two interfaces exceeds 100 ℃, so that the invention adopts a two-step welding process.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for soldering the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy by using the metal and the glass solder step by step not only solves the problem that the magnesium fluoride ceramic is difficult to realize connection by adopting an active metal soldering technology, but also solves the problem that the ceramic/metal dissimilar material has poor heat matching property, and the specific reasons are as follows: on the one hand, the Ni-based superalloy interlayer and the base metal titanium alloy can be connected through the Ag-based brazing alloy, the connection mechanism is that the melted Ag-based brazing alloy dissolves the surface of the titanium alloy, ti element (from the base metal titanium alloy) dissolved into the liquid phase brazing alloy can react with Cu (from the Ag-based brazing alloy) and Ni (from the Ni-based superalloy), cu-Ti and Cu-Ti-Ni intermetallic compounds are respectively formed on the surfaces of the base metal titanium alloy and the Ni-based superalloy, and metallurgical bonding of the brazing alloy and the base metal is realized; on the other hand, because the magnesium fluoride ceramic has extremely high chemical stability, the common active metal elements Ti, zr, hf and the like can not react with the magnesium fluoride to realize connection, and the molten glass solder can be connected with the magnesium fluoride ceramicThe reaction was carried out, and the bismuth borate glass solder (Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -ZnO) reacts with magnesium fluoride to form magnesium oxide (MgO) and fluorite phase Mg 3 (BO 3 )F 3 In addition, the molten bismuth borate glass solder can form good interface combination with the Ni-based superalloy under the air condition, because the surface of the Ni-based superalloy is oxidized to form a compact oxide layer composed of (Cr, fe, ni) O under the air condition, the oxide layer is well combined with a Ni-based superalloy substrate and is not easy to fall off, the molten glass solder and the oxide layer are composed of oxides, the bonding of the two are similar, and glass can wet the oxide layer, so that the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the Ni-based superalloy can be connected through the molten glass. The invention realizes titanium alloy and magnesium fluoride ceramic through two brazing techniques, and solves the problem of high residual stress caused by difference of thermal expansion coefficients of two base metals; second, the thermal expansion coefficient is 13.5X10 -6 K -1 Coefficient of thermal expansion with magnesium fluoride ceramics 13.1×10 -6 K -1 The alloy has very close elastic modulus (200 GPa), can prevent residual thermal stress after welding from being transferred to one side of the magnesium fluoride ceramic, and the Ag-based brazing filler metal has excellent plastic toughness, can effectively relieve the residual thermal stress of the titanium alloy and the Ni-based superalloy after brazing, has good metallurgical compatibility with metals (base metal titanium alloy and Ni-based superalloy) on two sides, and can finally ensure that the magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy dissimilar material connecting joint with good metallurgical quality and reliable connection can be obtained.
The invention provides technical support for the application of the magnesium fluoride ceramic in an optical window.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a glass frit powder (85 Bi) of example 1 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10 ZnO);
FIG. 2 is an embodiment3, TA15/Ag-28Cu/GH4169/85Bi as finally obtained 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10ZnO/MgF 2 Tissue photographs of typical joints;
FIG. 3 is an XRD plot of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and glass frit reaction layer of example 3.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a method for soldering magnesium fluoride ceramics and titanium alloy by metal and glass solder step by step, which comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) assembling: assembling a parent metal titanium alloy, an Ag-based brazing filler metal and a Ni-based superalloy into a sandwich structure, wherein the Ag-based brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle;
2. vacuum brazing: putting the sandwich structure assembled in the first step into a fixed clamp, putting into a vacuum brazing furnace, heating to 780-850 ℃, and keeping the vacuum degree at not lower than 2 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa, preserving heat for 5-20 min, cooling to 300-320 ℃ at the speed of 10-15 ℃ per minute, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a pre-sample;
3. and (5) reassembly: assembling according to a sandwich structure form of a pre-sample/glass solder/base material magnesium fluoride ceramic, wherein one side of the Ni-based superalloy in the pre-sample is close to the glass solder;
the glass solder is bismuth borate;
4. air brazing: and (3) placing the weldment in the third step and the clamp into a resistance heating furnace together, heating to 660-720 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30 min, and cooling to 300-320 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min under the air atmosphere, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to finish the braze welding connection of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: in the first step, the Ag-based solder is AgCu solder or AgCuInTi solder. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
And a third specific embodiment: this embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the base metal titanium alloy in the first step is TA15 alloy. The other embodiments are the same as those of the first or second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: this embodiment differs from one of the first to third embodiments in that: the Ni-based superalloy described in step one is GH4169. The other is the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
Fifth embodiment: the fourth difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that: the Ag-based brazing filler metal in the first step is in the form of alloy powder or a thin strip. The other is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
Specific embodiment six: the fifth difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that: and step three, the glass brazing filler metal is glass powder or glass flakes, and the glass powder is prepared into paste. The other is the same as in the fifth embodiment.
Seventh embodiment: the sixth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the bismuth borate in the third step is 85Bi 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10ZnO, the coefficient being in mass%. The other is the same as in the sixth embodiment.
Eighth embodiment: the present embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that: and in the fourth step, heating to 660 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min. The other is the same as in the seventh embodiment.
Detailed description nine: this embodiment differs from the eighth embodiment in that: and in the fourth step, heating to 700 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min. The other is the same as in the eighth embodiment.
Detailed description ten: this embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that: and step four, heating to 720 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min. The other steps are the same as those in the embodiment nine.
The invention was verified with the following test:
the method comprises the steps of selecting AgCu eutectic solder or AgCuInTi solder to braze titanium alloy and Ni-based superalloy, wherein the titanium alloy is TA15 alloy, the Ni-based superalloy interlayer is GH4169, performing vacuum brazing to braze the titanium alloy and the Ni-based superalloy interlayer, and adopting Bi after completion 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 Glass brazing of GH4169 and magnesium fluoride ceramics was performed with ZnO glass as a glass filler metal, and a total of 8 pieces were performedThe method comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) assembling: assembling a base metal titanium alloy TA15, an Ag-based brazing filler metal and a Ni-based superalloy GH4169 into a sandwich structure, wherein the Ag-based brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle;
2. vacuum brazing: putting the sandwich structure assembled in the first step into a fixed clamp, putting into a vacuum brazing furnace, heating to 780-850 ℃, and keeping the vacuum degree at not lower than 2 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa, preserving heat for 5-20 min, cooling to 300 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a pre-sample;
3. and (5) reassembly: assembling according to a sandwich structure form of a pre-sample/glass solder/base material magnesium fluoride ceramic, wherein one side of the Ni-based superalloy in the pre-sample is close to the glass solder;
the glass solder is bismuth borate;
4. air brazing: putting the weldment in the third step and the clamp into a resistance heating furnace together, heating to 660-720 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30 min, cooling to 300 ℃ at 5 ℃/min in air atmosphere, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to finish braze welding connection of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy; the specific parameters of some of the processes and the room temperature shear strength of the final joint are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
FIG. 1 shows a glass frit powder (85 Bi) of example 1 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10 ZnO), it can be seen that the glass solder powder particle size is within 5 μm.
FIG. 2 is a final TA15/Ag-28Cu/GH4169/85Bi obtained in example 3 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10ZnO/MgF 2 A typical joint structure is shown in which 1 is titanium alloy TA15,2 is Ag-28Cu,3 is GH4169 interlayer, and 4 is 85Bi 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10ZnO glass weld, 5 is magnesium fluoride ceramic parent metal.
FIG. 3 is a real viewThe XRD curve of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and glass solder reaction layer of example 3 shows that MgO and fluoroboric-phase Mg are generated 3 (BO 3 )F 3 。
Claims (8)
1. A method for soldering magnesium fluoride ceramics and titanium alloy by metal and glass solder step by step is characterized in that the method for soldering magnesium fluoride ceramics and titanium alloy by metal and glass solder step by step is carried out according to the following steps:
1. and (3) assembling: assembling a parent metal titanium alloy, an Ag-based brazing filler metal and a Ni-based superalloy into a sandwich structure, wherein the Ag-based brazing filler metal is positioned in the middle;
the Ag-based solder in the first step is AgCu solder or AgCuInTi solder;
2. vacuum brazing: putting the sandwich structure assembled in the first step into a fixed clamp, putting into a vacuum brazing furnace, heating to 780-850 ℃, and keeping the vacuum degree at not lower than 2 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa, preserving heat for 5-20 min, cooling to 300-320 ℃ at the speed of 10-15 ℃ per minute, and cooling to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a pre-sample;
3. and (5) reassembly: assembling according to a sandwich structure form of a pre-sample/glass solder/base material magnesium fluoride ceramic, wherein one side of the Ni-based superalloy in the pre-sample is close to the glass solder;
the glass solder is bismuth borate, and is specifically 85Bi 2 O 3 -5B 2 O 3 -10ZnO, wherein Bi 2 O 3 Is 85% of Bi by mass 2 O 3 The mass fraction of (2) is 5% and the mass fraction of ZnO is 10%;
4. air brazing: and (3) placing the weldment in the third step and the clamp into a resistance heating furnace together, heating to 660-720 ℃, preserving heat for 10-30 min, and cooling to 300-320 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min under the air atmosphere, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to finish the braze welding connection of the magnesium fluoride ceramic and the titanium alloy.
2. The method for stepwise brazing magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy with a metal and glass filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the base titanium alloy in the step one is TA15 alloy.
3. The method of step-wise brazing a magnesium fluoride ceramic to a titanium alloy with a metal to glass braze according to claim 1, wherein said Ni-based superalloy in step one is GH4169.
4. The method for stepwise brazing of magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy with a metal and glass brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the Ag-based brazing filler metal in the step one is in the form of alloy powder or thin ribbon.
5. The method for stepwise brazing magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy with metal and glass frit according to claim 1, wherein the glass frit in the third step is glass powder or glass flake, and the glass powder is prepared in paste form.
6. The method for stepwise brazing of magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy with a metal and glass brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy are heated to 660 ℃ and kept at the temperature for 30min.
7. The method for stepwise brazing of magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy with a metal and glass brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the temperature is raised to 700 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 30min.
8. The method for stepwise brazing of magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy with a metal and glass brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the magnesium fluoride ceramic and titanium alloy are heated to 720 ℃ and kept at the temperature for 30min.
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