CN116532049A - Fluid medium distributor and vertical axial flow reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a fluid medium distributor, including distributing housing (102), distributing housing (102) is hollow conical structure and large end is open, offer a plurality of through-holes (1031) that are used for the fluid medium to pass through on distributing housing (102), and distribution board (1032), distribution board (1032) are for setting up respectively a plurality of on distributing housing (102) inner wall, every distribution board (1032) is followed respectively the inner wall protrusion of distributing housing (102) and around corresponding through-hole (1031) in order to constitute with distribution groove (103) of through-hole (1031) intercommunication, this distribution groove (103) have towards distribution mouth (104) that the circumference of distributing housing (102) was offered. The equipment effectively promotes the mixing of different materials.

Description

Fluid medium distributor and vertical axial flow reactor

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of petrochemical equipment, and in particular, to a fluid medium distributor and a vertical axial flow reactor.

Background

The reactor is a device for realizing the reaction process of the medium, and is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, oil refining, metallurgy and the like. The reactor is used for realizing a liquid phase single-phase reaction process and a liquid-liquid, gas-liquid, liquid-solid, gas-liquid-solid and other multiphase reaction processes.

The catalyst bed of the axial flow reactor is generally arranged in a horizontal cake shape, and the medium flows through the bed from top to bottom along the axial direction, and the bed has no heat exchange with the outside. The reactor has simple structure, simple process design, calculation and equipment manufacture, so the application is earliest and is most common at present. However, this type of reactor also has some drawbacks: the catalyst bed is generally thicker, the resistance of the reactant flowing through the catalyst bed is large, and large-particle catalyst is needed to reduce the resistance, but the specific surface area of the large-particle catalyst is smaller, so that the catalytic effect is affected.

If there is no catalyst bed, the axial flow reactor relies primarily on flat perforated plates or V-wire screens to perform the initial distribution of the feed medium. After the fluid has passed through the perforated plate, it flows substantially in the axial direction of the reactor. The degree of blending between different media is weak.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a fluid medium distributor and a vertical axial flow reactor that effectively facilitates blending of different materials.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a fluid medium dispenser, including a dispensing housing, the dispensing housing is hollow conical structure and large end is open, a plurality of through holes for the passage of fluid medium are opened on the dispensing housing, and the distribution plate is a plurality of that set up respectively on the dispensing housing inner wall, every distribution plate is followed respectively the inner wall protrusion of dispensing housing and around corresponding the through hole is in order to constitute the distribution groove with the through hole intercommunication, this distribution groove has the orientation the distribution mouth that the circumference of dispensing housing was opened.

Optionally, the distribution plate is fixedly connected or integrally formed to the distribution housing and has a guide wall arranged opposite the distribution opening, which guide wall extends obliquely inward in the circumferential direction from the inner wall of the distribution housing.

Optionally, the distributing casing is formed by the concatenation of the casing board that the polylith is connected gradually along circumference, has on every casing board and follows a plurality of hollow conical structure's generating line direction is arranged the through hole, along two adjacent casing boards in circumference the through hole is in the staggered arrangement in the generating line direction.

Optionally, a deflector is provided on an outer wall of the dispensing housing, the deflector extending from the through hole obliquely outwardly in a circumferential direction away from the dispensing opening for guiding the fluid medium into the through hole.

Optionally, each housing plate is provided with the distribution plate on one side in the circumferential direction and a deflector on the other side, the deflector extending obliquely from the through hole in the circumferential direction outwards and away from the distribution opening for guiding the fluid medium into the through hole.

Optionally, the deflector comprises a fixing portion and a deflector portion, wherein the fixing portion is formed by bending, the fixing portion is fixed on the outer wall of the distribution shell and partially stretches into the through hole, and the deflector portion extends obliquely outwards from the fixing portion.

Optionally, the fluid medium distributor comprises a plurality of the distributing shells, wherein bus bars of the distributing shells are arranged in a collinear way and fixedly butted in sequence along the axial direction, the small end of a first distributing shell in two adjacent distributing shells is butted with the large end of a second distributing shell, and the number of the distributing grooves on the first distributing shell is larger than that on the second distributing shell.

Optionally, the hollow cone structure is configured as a truncated cone-shaped truncated cone structure, the distributor further comprises an inner cylindrical central cylinder, the inner cylindrical central cylinder is connected with the small end of the truncated cone structure, the axis of the inner cylindrical central cylinder is parallel to the axis of the distributing shell, the diameter of the inner cylindrical central cylinder is equal to the diameter of the small end of the truncated cone structure, the inner cylindrical central cylinder is a solid cylinder for blocking the small end of the distributing shell, or the inner cylindrical central cylinder is a hollow cylinder, and the end of the hollow cylinder, which is far away from the distributing shell, is provided with a supplementary feeding hole.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vertical axial flow reactor comprising a reactor shell having an interior reaction space; a fluid medium distributor, according to the fluid medium distributor described above, the fluid medium distributor is accommodated inside the reaction space, and the large end is fixedly and hermetically connected with the inner wall of the reactor shell, the hollow cone structure is configured as a truncated cone-shaped truncated cone structure, the fluid medium distributor further comprises an inner cylinder center cylinder connected with the small end of the truncated cone structure and the axis is parallel to the axis of the distribution shell, the diameter of the inner cylinder center cylinder is equal to the diameter of the small end of the truncated cone structure, the outer wall of the inner cylinder center cylinder is fixedly and hermetically connected with the reactor shell, the inner cylinder center cylinder is a solid cylinder for plugging the small end of the distribution shell, or the end of the hollow cylinder, which is far away from the distribution shell, is provided as a supplementary feed inlet; the feed pipe is connected to the outer wall of the reactor shell in a tangential direction and communicated with the outer wall of the distribution shell, and the discharge pipe is connected to the upper end of the reactor shell and is collinear with the axis of the distribution shell.

Optionally, the reactor further comprises an outer cylinder center cylinder, the outer cylinder center cylinder is sleeved outside the inner cylinder center cylinder along the radial direction, one end of the outer cylinder center cylinder is fixedly and hermetically connected with the distribution shell, the other end of the outer cylinder center cylinder is fixedly and hermetically connected with the reactor shell, the feed pipe comprises a first feed pipe and a second feed pipe, an opening of the first feed pipe is positioned between the outer cylinder center cylinder and the reactor shell, an opening of the second feed pipe is positioned between the outer cylinder center cylinder and the inner cylinder center cylinder, and the inner cylinder center cylinder penetrates through the reactor shell to extend out of the reactor shell and is configured as the supplementing pipe orifice.

Optionally, the outer diameter of the outer cylindrical central cylinder and the inner cylindrical central cylinder is 0.1-0.4 times the inner diameter of the reactor shell.

Optionally, the reactor further comprises a secondary distributor, wherein the secondary distributor comprises a secondary distribution shell with the same structure as the distribution shell, the large end of the secondary distribution shell is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the reactor shell and is positioned between the distribution shell and the discharging pipe, and the small end of the secondary distribution shell is covered with a porous plate.

According to the technical scheme, unlike a traditional axial single flow mode, fluid media entering the reactor shell in a tangential mode can contact the outer wall of the distribution shell along the rotation rotating along the circumferential direction, enter the distribution groove through the plurality of through holes, and contact the distribution plate in the distribution groove, so that the fluid media flowing out of the distribution groove can flow out along the distribution opening facing the circumferential opening under the guiding action of the distribution plate, at the moment, under the combined action of the conical inner walls with the large size and the small size, the fluid media flowing out of the distribution groove can spirally change into ascending flow in the distribution shell, the fluid media flowing out of the corresponding distribution grooves gradually gather into spiral pushing flow in the spiral ascending process due to the plurality of through holes, compared with general axial fluid, the spiral pushing flow has better fluid disturbance effect in the flowing process, the fluid media with stronger fluid disturbance has better mixing effect, the fluid media which flow through the distribution groove spirally ascends can increase the mixing uniformity degree of different materials in the flowing process, and the mixing effect of different materials is convenient to promote.

Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a vertical axial flow reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a housing plate of a fluid media dispenser according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 4.

Description of the reference numerals

1. A fluid medium dispenser; 101. a deflector; 102. a dispensing housing; 103. a distribution tank; 1031. a through hole; 1032. a distribution plate; 104. a dispensing port; 2. a reactor housing; 3. a feed pipe; 301. a first feed tube; 302. a second feed tube; 4. a discharge pipe; 5. an inner cylindrical center barrel; 6. an outer cylindrical center barrel; 7. a secondary dispensing housing; 8. a porous plate; 9. a guide wall.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the disclosure, are not intended to limit the disclosure.

In this disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, terms of orientation such as "inner and outer" are used with respect to the corresponding component's own outline. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in this disclosure, are used for distinguishing one element from another and not for sequential or importance. Furthermore, in the following description, when referring to the drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise explained. The foregoing definitions are provided for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a fluid medium dispenser 1, including a dispensing housing 102, the dispensing housing 102 having a hollow cone-shaped structure and being open at a large end, the dispensing housing 102 being provided with a plurality of through holes 1031 for the passage of a fluid medium, and distribution plates 1032, the distribution plates 1032 being respectively provided on inner walls of the dispensing housing 102, each distribution plate 1032 respectively protruding from the inner walls of the dispensing housing 102 and surrounding the corresponding through hole 1031 to constitute a dispensing slot 103 communicating with the through holes 1031, the dispensing slot 103 having a dispensing port 104 opened toward a circumferential direction of the dispensing housing 102.

According to the technical scheme, unlike the conventional axial single flow mode, the fluid medium entering the reactor shell 2 in a tangential direction can contact the outer wall of the distribution shell 102 in a rotating manner rotating along the circumferential direction, and enter the distribution groove 103 through the plurality of through holes 1031 and contact the distribution plate 1032 in the distribution groove 103, so that the fluid medium can flow out along the distribution opening 104 facing the circumferential opening under the guiding action of the distribution plate 1032, at the moment, under the combined action of the conical inner walls with the large and small upper parts, the fluid medium flowing out of the distribution groove 103 can be spirally turned into an ascending flow in the distribution shell 102, and the fluid medium flowing out of each corresponding distribution groove 103 gradually converges into a spiral pushing flow in the spiral ascending process due to the plurality of through holes 1031.

Referring to fig. 4-5, as an alternative embodiment, the distribution plate 1032 is fixedly attached to or integrally formed with the distribution housing 102, i.e., the distribution plate 1032 may be a separate component from the distribution housing 102 or may be formed from the distribution housing 102 and have a guide wall 9 disposed opposite the distribution port 104, the guide wall 9 extending obliquely inward circumferentially from the inner wall of the distribution housing 102. Further, the distribution plate 1032 further includes an annular wall having one end forming the distribution port 104 and the other end joined to the guide wall 99, and both circumferential ends joined to the distribution housing 102 to constitute a main body portion of the distribution plate 1032, and to constitute the distribution groove 103 together with the distribution housing 102. The cross section of the annular wall can be trapezoid as shown in fig. 3 and 4, or can be a non-closed annular structure such as a semicircle. In this way, after the fluid medium enters the distribution groove 103 through the hole 1031, the fluid medium contacts the guide wall 9, is pushed to the annular wall by the guide wall 9 and flows to the distribution opening 104 opposite to the guide wall 9, so that the force provided by the guide wall 9 to the fluid medium towards the distribution opening 104 is facilitated, the fluid medium forms a lateral vector after flowing out, and a rotary driving force is formed.

Referring to fig. 2, as an alternative embodiment, the distribution housing is formed by splicing a plurality of housing plates sequentially connected in the circumferential direction, each housing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged along the bus direction of the hollow conical structure, and the through holes of two adjacent housing plates in the circumferential direction are staggered in the bus direction. The staggered through holes are convenient for the fluid medium to enter the distribution shell in a staggered way and then be converged, and spiral flow is convenient to form, so that the mixing capacity of the fluid medium with different layers in the bus direction is enhanced, and the mixing degree is increased.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative embodiment, each housing plate is provided with a distribution plate 1032 on one side in the circumferential direction and a deflector 101 on the other side, the deflector 101 extending from the through hole 1031 obliquely outwardly in the circumferential direction away from the distribution port 104 for guiding the fluid medium into the through hole 1031. Thus, as shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the direction of the deflector 101 may be parallel to the guiding wall 9 of the distribution plate 1032, so that the distribution plate 1032 and the deflector 101 cooperate to form a substantially co-directional channel that is obliquely communicated with the through hole 1031, and the fluid medium can be guided to the distribution port 104 through the oblique radian of the deflector 101 during the process of flowing through the deflector 101, and the deflector 101 plays a role in guiding the fluid into the distribution groove 103, so that the directional flow is more stable, and the flow direction towards the through hole 1031 is formed under the action of the distribution plate 1032, so that more fluid medium is guided into the distribution groove 103 to complete mixing. That is, in the present disclosure, the baffle 101 is disposed on the outer wall of the distribution housing 102, and may be disposed in other manners, such as on two adjacent housing plates, in addition to the embodiment in which the distribution plate 1032 is disposed on the same housing plate as described above, which is not a limitation of the present disclosure.

As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the deflector 101 includes a fixing portion formed by bending, and a deflector portion, wherein the fixing portion is fixed on the outer wall of the dispensing housing 102 and partially extends into the covering through hole 1031, and the deflector portion extends obliquely outward from the fixing portion. The deflector 101 is fixedly connected with the distribution housing 102 by the fixing portion, and the deflector portion is inclined to extend outwards so as to guide more fluid medium into the passing hole 1031, thereby uniformly mixing the fluid medium. In this embodiment, the securing portion is fixedly coupled to the dispensing housing 102 by a fastener, such as a bolt or screw.

In other embodiments, the securing portion is integrally formed with the dispensing housing 102.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative embodiment, the fluid medium distributor 1 includes a plurality of distributing housings 102, where bus bars of the distributing housings 102 are arranged in line and fixedly butted in sequence in the axial direction, and in this embodiment, the distributing housings 102 are fixedly connected by fasteners such as bolts. The small end of a first dispensing housing 102 of two adjacent dispensing housings 102 interfaces with the large end of a second dispensing housing 102, and the number of dispensing slots 103 on the first dispensing housing 102 is greater than the number of dispensing slots 103 on the second dispensing housing 102. The distribution grooves 103 are arranged uniformly on the distribution housing 102, so that the channels through which the fluid medium flows out through the distribution grooves 103 are arranged uniformly, and the flow velocity is more uniform.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative embodiment, the hollow cone structure of the dispensing housing 102 is configured as a truncated cone-shaped circular truncated cone structure, i.e. the small end of the dispensing housing 102 has a circular cross section, the dispenser further comprises an inner cylindrical central cylinder 5, the inner cylindrical central cylinder 5 being connected at the small end of the dispensing housing 102 with an axis parallel to the axis of the dispensing housing 102, and the diameter of the inner cylindrical central cylinder 5 being equal to the diameter of the small end of the circular truncated cone structure. At this point, in some embodiments, the inner cylindrical central cartridge 5 is a solid cartridge that can be used to plug the small end of the dispensing housing 102, or in other embodiments, the inner cylindrical central cartridge 5 is a hollow cartridge that is positioned as a refill inlet at the end remote from the dispensing housing 102. The dead zone caused by too small flow velocity of the fluid medium at the center shaft is reduced by arranging the inner cylinder center cylinder 5, when the inner cylinder center cylinder 5 is arranged as a solid cylinder, the possibility that the fluid medium falls back from the inner cylinder center cylinder 5 is reduced, the flow directions of the fluid medium are uniform, when the flow of required feeding is large, when the inner cylinder center cylinder 5 is an air center cylinder, feeding is supplemented through one end of the inner cylinder center cylinder, which is far away from the end part of the distribution shell 102, and the feeding efficiency is improved while the fed fluid medium is used for flushing the falling fluid medium, so that the feeding efficiency is improved. In addition, in some embodiments, the dispensing housing 102 may be formed directly into a complete conical structure, such that the small end of the conical structure may close itself to prevent the fluid medium from falling back.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vertical axial flow reactor comprising a reactor housing 2 having an internal reaction space; the fluid medium distributor 1 is the fluid medium distributor 1, the fluid medium distributor 1 is accommodated in the reaction space, the large end of the fluid medium distributor 1 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the inner wall of the reactor shell 2, the distribution shell 102 is configured into the truncated cone-shaped truncated cone structure, at this time, the fluid medium distributor 1 further comprises the inner cylinder central cylinder 5, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder central cylinder 5 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the reactor shell 2, so that the inner cylinder central cylinder 5 can be the solid cylinder or the hollow cylinder. Wherein in the case of a hollow cartridge, the end of the hollow cartridge remote from the dispensing housing 102 is provided as a supplemental feed port; a feed pipe 3 connected tangentially to the outer wall of the reactor shell 2 and communicating with the outer wall of the distribution shell 102, and a discharge pipe 4 connected to the upper end of the reactor shell 2 and collinear with the axis of the distribution shell 102. The fluid medium enters the reactor space through the feed pipe 3, is mixed by utilizing centrifugal force during tangential feeding, flows out through the discharge pipe 4 after being mixed, and is fed through the supplementary feed inlet when a large amount of fluid medium is required to be fed in a short time, so that the feeding amount is increased conveniently.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative embodiment, the reactor further comprises an outer cylindrical central cylinder 6, the outer cylindrical central cylinder 6 is sleeved outside the inner cylindrical central cylinder 5 along a radial interval, one end of the outer cylindrical central cylinder 6 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the distribution shell 102, the other end of the outer cylindrical central cylinder is fixedly and hermetically connected with the reactor shell 2, the feed pipe 3 comprises a first feed pipe 3013 and a second feed pipe 3023, an opening of the first feed pipe 3013 is positioned between the outer cylindrical central cylinder 6 and the reactor shell 2, an opening of the second feed pipe 3023 is positioned between the outer cylindrical central cylinder 6 and the inner cylindrical central cylinder 5, and the inner cylindrical central cylinder 5 extends outside the reactor shell 2 through the reactor shell 2 and is configured as a replenishing pipe orifice. When the volume of the reactor is large, it is necessary to flow the fluid medium into the inner cylindrical center 5 and the outer cylindrical center 6 through the first and second feeding pipes 3013 and 3023 simultaneously in a short time, and to secure the mixing capability of the reactor while increasing the feeding efficiency.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative embodiment, the outer diameters of the inner and outer cylindrical center barrels 5 and 6 are 0.1 to 0.4 times the inner diameter of the reactor shell 2. The control of the outer diameters of the inner cylinder center cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder center cylinder 6 reduces the dead zone and the influence on normal rotation, reduces the influence on the normal rotation of the fluid medium caused by the overlarge outer diameter, and reduces the dead zone caused by the overlarge outer diameter.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative embodiment, the reactor further comprises a secondary distributor, wherein the secondary distributor comprises a secondary distribution shell 7102 with the same structure as the distribution shell 102, the large end of the secondary distribution shell 7102 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the reactor shell 2 and is positioned between the distribution shell 102 and the discharging pipe 4, and the small end is covered with a porous plate 8. The fluid medium passing through the distributor can be redistributed through the secondary distributor, the uniform mixing degree of the fluid medium is increased, and the porous plate 8 reduces the accumulation of the fluid medium at the small end to form a dead zone.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, when a large amount of fluid medium is fed in a short time, the fluid medium enters the reactor space through the feeding pipe 3, the feeding amount is increased conveniently by feeding through the supplementary feeding port, the fluid medium contacts the distribution housing 102 at an angle parallel to the circumference of the distribution housing 102 by utilizing the centrifugal force during feeding, enters the distribution tank 103 through a plurality of through holes 1031, contacts the distribution plate 1032 in the distribution tank 103, flows out along the distribution port 104 under the guiding action of the distribution plate 1032, different media in the process of passing through the distribution tank 103 are subjected to the action of the through holes 1031 and the distribution plate 1032, the mixing degree is increased in the flowing process, the fluid medium passing through the distributor continuously rises and can be redistributed through the secondary distributor, the mixing degree is improved, and the mixed fluid medium flows out through the discharging pipe 4.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the fluid medium enters the reactor shell 2 in a nearly tangential direction through the feed pipe 3, the fluid medium entering the reactor shell 2 enters the distribution groove 103 under the action of the guide plate 101, the fluid medium passing through the distribution groove 103 is forcedly ejected from the distribution opening 104 to obtain a lateral vector, so that the fluid medium has a driving force for forming rotation, the common axial flow is converted into spiral rising spiral flow, the spiral flowing fluid medium forms spiral driving flow, the disturbance of the fluid medium is enhanced, the mixing among different materials is facilitated, the spiral driving flow encounters the secondary distribution shell 7102 in the spiral rising process, the fluid medium enters the secondary distribution shell and is forcedly ejected again, the fluid medium is redistributed, and the lateral vector is obtained again, so that the maintenance of the spiral flow in the reactor shell 2 is facilitated, the disturbance capacity of the spiral driving flow is enhanced, and the mixing among different materials is facilitated.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations are not described further in this disclosure in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.

Claims (12)

1. A fluid medium dispenser comprising

A distribution shell (102), wherein the distribution shell (102) is in a hollow conical structure and is open at the large end, a plurality of through holes (1031) for the passage of fluid media are arranged on the distribution shell (102), and

distribution plates (1032), the distribution plates (1032) are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the distribution shell (102), each distribution plate (1032) respectively protrudes from the inner wall of the distribution shell (102) and surrounds the corresponding through hole (1031) to form a distribution groove (103) communicated with the through hole (1031), and the distribution groove (103) is provided with a distribution opening (104) which is opened towards the circumference of the distribution shell (102).

2. Fluid medium dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution plate (1032) is fixedly connected or integrally formed to the dispensing housing (102) and has a guide wall (9) arranged opposite the dispensing opening (104), which guide wall (9) extends obliquely inwards from the inner wall of the dispensing housing (102) in the circumferential direction of the dispensing housing (102).

3. The fluid medium distributor according to claim 1, wherein the distributing housing (102) is formed by splicing a plurality of housing plates sequentially connected in the circumferential direction, each housing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes (1031) arranged in the direction of a bus bar of the hollow conical structure, and the through holes (1031) of two adjacent housing plates in the circumferential direction are staggered in the direction of the bus bar.

4. A fluid medium dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that a deflector (101) is provided on the outer wall of the dispensing housing (102), which deflector (101) extends from the through hole (1031) obliquely outwards in the circumferential direction away from the dispensing opening (104) for guiding the fluid medium into the through hole (1031).

5. A fluid medium distributor according to claim 3, wherein each housing plate is provided with the distribution plate (1032) on one side in the circumferential direction and with a deflector (101) on the other side, the deflector (101) extending obliquely from the through hole (1031) in the circumferential direction outwards and away from the distribution opening (104) for guiding fluid medium into the through hole (1031).

6. A fluid medium distributor according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the deflector (101) comprises a fixing portion and a deflector portion formed by bending, the fixing portion being fixed to the outer wall of the distribution housing (102) and partly protruding into the through hole (1031), the deflector portion extending obliquely outwards from the fixing portion.

7. The fluid medium distributor according to claim 1, wherein the fluid medium distributor (1) comprises a plurality of the distribution housings (102), wherein the buses of the plurality of distribution housings (102) are arranged in line and fixedly butted in sequence along the axial direction, the small end of a first distribution housing of two adjacent distribution housings (102) is butted with the large end of a second distribution housing, and the number of the distribution grooves (103) on the first distribution housing is larger than the number of the distribution grooves (103) on the second distribution housing.

8. Fluid medium dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow cone structure is configured as a truncated cone-shaped truncated cone structure, the dispenser further comprising an inner cylindrical central cylinder (5), the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being connected at the small end of the truncated cone structure and having an axis parallel to the axis of the dispensing housing (102), the diameter of the inner cylindrical central cylinder being equal to the diameter of the small end of the truncated cone structure, the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being a solid cylinder for plugging the small end of the dispensing housing (102) or the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being a hollow cylinder, the end of the hollow cylinder remote from the dispensing housing (102) being provided as a supplementary feed port.

9. A vertical axial flow reactor, comprising

A reactor housing (2) having an internal reaction space;

-a fluid medium distributor (1), being the fluid medium distributor (1) according to any one of claims 1-8, the fluid medium distributor (1) being housed inside the reaction space with a large end fixed and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the reactor housing (2), the hollow cone-like structure being configured as a truncated cone-like structure, the fluid medium distributor (1) further comprising an inner cylindrical central cylinder (5), the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being connected to a small end of the truncated cone-like structure with an axis parallel to the axis of the distribution housing (102), the diameter of the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being equal to the diameter of the small end of the truncated cone-like structure, the outer wall of the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being fixedly and sealingly connected to the reactor housing (2), the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) being a solid cylinder for plugging the small end of the distribution housing (102), or the end of the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) remote from the distribution housing (102) being provided as a supplementary feed port;

a feed pipe (3) connected tangentially to the outer wall of the reactor housing (2) and communicating with the outer wall of the distribution housing (102), an

-a discharge pipe (4), said discharge pipe (4) being connected to the upper end of the reactor shell (2) and being collinear with the axis of the distribution shell (102).

10. The vertical axial flow reactor according to claim 9, further comprising an outer cylindrical central cylinder (6), said outer cylindrical central cylinder (6) being radially spaced outside said inner cylindrical central cylinder (5), said outer cylindrical central cylinder (6) being fixedly and sealingly connected at one end to said distribution housing (102) and at the other end to said reactor housing (2), said feed tube (3) comprising a first feed tube (301) and a second feed tube (302), an opening of said first feed tube (301) being located between said outer cylindrical central cylinder (6) and said reactor housing (2), an opening of said second feed tube (302) being located between said outer cylindrical central cylinder (6) and said inner cylindrical central cylinder (5), said inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) extending through said reactor housing (2) outside said reactor housing (2) and being configured as said supplementary nozzle.

11. The vertical axial flow reactor according to claim 10, characterized in that the outer diameter of the outer cylindrical central cylinder (6) and the outer diameter of the inner cylindrical central cylinder (5) are 0.1-0.4 times the inner diameter of the reactor shell (2).

12. The vertical axial flow reactor according to claim 9, further comprising a secondary distributor comprising a secondary distribution shell (7) of the same structure as the distribution shell (102), the large end of the secondary distribution shell (7) being fixedly connected to the inner surface of the reactor shell (2) and being located between the distribution shell (102) and the discharge pipe (4), the small end being covered with a perforated plate (8).