CN116530150A - Method and apparatus for enabling tone reservation in a wireless system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Methods, apparatus, systems, etc., are disclosed herein for performing relay changes. In an embodiment, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit information requesting a Peak Reduction Tone (PRT) configuration for reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indication of frequency resources for transmitting the PRT signal based on the PRT configuration. In an embodiment, in addition to Uplink (UL) transmissions, the WTRU may transmit a PRT signal in frequency resources, where the frequency resources for the PRT signal may be allocated based on a set of frequency resources allocated to the UL transmissions.
Description
Cross Reference to Related Applications
The present application claims the benefit of (i) U.S. provisional patent application No. 63/091,344 filed on day 10, month 14 of 2020 and (ii) U.S. provisional patent application No. 63/228,724 filed on day 8, 2021, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Background
The present disclosure relates to network communications, including but not limited to methods, apparatus, systems, and the like, directed to enabling tone reservation in a wireless system.
Disclosure of Invention
Methods, apparatus, systems, etc., are disclosed herein for enabling Tone Reservation (TR) in a wireless system. In an embodiment, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit information requesting a Peak Reduction Tone (PRT) configuration for reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). In the following discussion, the term Peak Reduced Tone (PRT) may be used to refer to any of the following Tone Reservation (TR) techniques: the tone reservation technique enables reduction of PAPR by reserving frequency resources or transmission of signals other than data signals. In an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indication of frequency resources for transmitting the PRT signal based on the PRT configuration. In an embodiment, in addition to Uplink (UL) transmissions, the WTRU may transmit a PRT signal in frequency resources, where the frequency resources for the PRT signal may be allocated based on a set of frequency resources allocated to the UL transmissions.
In an embodiment, the WTRU may receive TR configuration information indicating a set of TR configurations. For example, the WTRU may determine a Power Headroom (PH) for the first uplink grant. For example, the WTRU may select a first TR configuration from the indicated set of TR configurations based on any of the first uplink grant and the determined PH. For example, the WTRU may transmit first information indicating the selected first TR configuration. For example, the WTRU may receive second information indicating a second TR configuration of the indicated set of TR configurations. For example, the WTRU may receive a second uplink grant and may perform a transmission including (1) a data transmission according to the second uplink grant at a first power level and (2) a TR transmission, wherein the TR transmission may be transmitted in frequency resources determined according to a second TR configuration, and wherein the TR transmission may be transmitted at a second power level determined based on the first power level and a power offset associated with the second TR configuration.
Although various embodiments are described and/or claimed herein, wherein an apparatus, system, device, etc., and/or any element thereof, is configured to perform an operation, procedure, algorithm, function, etc., and/or any portion thereof, it is to be understood that any embodiment described and/or claimed herein assumes that any apparatus, system, device, etc., and/or any element thereof, performs any operation, procedure, algorithm, function, etc., and/or any portion thereof (and vice versa).
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A more detailed understanding of the description may be had by way of example only, given below in connection with the accompanying drawings. As with the detailed description, the drawings in such figures are examples. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are not to be regarded as limiting, and other equally effective examples are possible and contemplated. In addition, like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements.
FIG. 1A is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary communication system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented;
fig. 1B is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that may be used within the communication system shown in fig. 1A according to one embodiment;
Fig. 1C is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary Radio Access Network (RAN) and an exemplary Core Network (CN) that may be used within the communication system shown in fig. 1A according to one embodiment;
fig. 1D is a system diagram illustrating another example of another exemplary RAN and CN that may be used within the communication system shown in fig. 1A according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a peak pitch reduction technique;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for enabling tone reservation;
fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating another example of a method for enabling tone reservation;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of generating PRT symbols using modulated data symbols; and is also provided with
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of a method for enabling tone reservation.
Detailed Description
A detailed description of exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to various drawings. While this specification provides a detailed example of a possible implementation, it should be noted that the details are intended to be exemplary and in no way limit the scope of the application. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments and/or examples disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that such embodiments and examples may be practiced without some or all of the specific details set forth herein. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the description below. Furthermore, embodiments and examples not specifically described herein may be practiced in place of or in combination with embodiments and other examples that are explicitly, implicitly, and/or inherently described, disclosed, or otherwise provided (collectively, "provided").
Exemplary communication network
Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary communication system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. Communication system 100 may be a multiple-access system that provides content, such as voice, data, video, messages, broadcasts, etc., to a plurality of wireless users. Communication system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through the sharing of system resources, including wireless bandwidth. For example, communication system 100 may employ one or more channel access methods, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero tail unique word DFT-spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC), and the like.
As shown in fig. 1A, the communication system 100 may include wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, RANs 104/113, CNs 106/115, public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN) 108, the internet 110, and other networks 112, although it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and/or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and/or communicate in a wireless environment. As an example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d (any of which may be referred to as a "station" and/or a "STA") may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals and may include User Equipment (UE), mobile stations, fixed or mobile subscriber units, subscription-based units, pagers, cellular telephones, personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), smartphones, laptop computers, netbooks, personal computers, wireless sensors, hot spot or Mi-Fi devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, head Mounted Displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., tele-surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and/or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and/or automated processing chain environment), consumer electronics devices, devices operating on commercial and/or industrial wireless networks, and the like. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.
Communication system 100 may also include base station 114a and/or base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106/115, the internet 110, and/or the other networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114B may be Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs), node bs, evolved node bs, home evolved node bs, gnbs, NR node bs, site controllers, access Points (APs), wireless routers, and the like. Although the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it should be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements.
Base station 114a may be part of RAN 104/113 that may also include other base stations and/or network elements (not shown), such as Base Station Controllers (BSCs), radio Network Controllers (RNCs), relay nodes, and the like. Base station 114a and/or base station 114b may be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies, which may be referred to as cells (not shown). These frequencies may be in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide coverage of wireless services to a particular geographic area, which may be relatively fixed or may change over time. The cell may be further divided into cell sectors. For example, a cell associated with base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Thus, in an embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one for each sector of a cell. In an embodiment, the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of a cell. For example, beamforming may be used to transmit and/or receive signals in a desired spatial direction.
The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio Frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, millimeter wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable Radio Access Technology (RAT).
More specifically, as noted above, communication system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes, such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, or the like. For example, a base station 114a in the RAN 104/113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) terrestrial radio access (UTRA), which may use Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) to establish the air interfaces 115/116/117.WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and/or evolved HSPA (hspa+). HSPA may include high speed Downlink (DL) packet access (HSDPA) and/or High Speed UL Packet Access (HSUPA).
In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA), which may use Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or LTE-advanced (LTE-a) and/or LTE-advanced Pro (LTE-a Pro) to establish the air interface 116.
In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR radio access that may use a New Radio (NR) to establish the air interface 116.
In embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement LTE radio access and NR radio access together, e.g., using a Dual Connectivity (DC) principle. Thus, the air interface utilized by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and/or transmissions sent to/from multiple types of base stations (e.g., enbs and gnbs).
In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., wireless fidelity (WiFi)), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000 1X, CDMA EV-DO, tentative standard 2000 (IS-2000), tentative standard 95 (IS-95), tentative standard 856 (IS-856), global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), and the like.
The base station 114B in fig. 1A may be, for example, a wireless router, home node B, home evolved node B, or access point, and may utilize any suitable RAT to facilitate wireless connections in local areas such as business, home, vehicle, campus, industrial facility, air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), road, etc. In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). In yet another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-a Pro, NR, etc.) to establish a pico cell or femto cell. As shown in fig. 1A, the base station 114b may have a direct connection with the internet 110. Thus, the base station 114b may not need to access the Internet 110 via the CN 106/115.
The RANs 104/113 may communicate with the CNs 106/115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, application, and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102 d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, delay requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, and the like. The CN 106/115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location based services, prepaid calls, internet connections, video distribution, etc., and/or perform advanced security functions such as user authentication. Although not shown in fig. 1A, it should be appreciated that the RANs 104/113 and/or CNs 106/115 may communicate directly or indirectly with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RANs 104/113 or a different RAT. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104/113 that may utilize NR radio technology, the CN 106/115 may also communicate with another RAN (not shown) employing GSM, UMTS, CDMA, wiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.
The CN 106/115 may also act as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and/or other networks 112.PSTN 108 may include circuit-switched telephone networks that provide Plain Old Telephone Services (POTS). The internet 110 may include a global system for interconnecting computer networks and devices using common communication protocols, such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), user Datagram Protocol (UDP), and/or Internet Protocol (IP) in the TCP/IP internet protocol suite. Network 112 may include wired and/or wireless communication networks owned and/or operated by other service providers. For example, the network 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RANs 104/113 or a different RAT.
Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communication system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links). For example, the WTRU 102c shown in fig. 1A may be configured to communicate with a base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with a base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.
Fig. 1B is a system diagram illustrating an exemplary WTRU 102. As shown in fig. 1B, the WTRU 102 may include a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit/receive element 122, a speaker/microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display/touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a Global Positioning System (GPS) chipset 136, and/or other peripheral devices 138, etc. It should be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of Integrated Circuit (IC), a state machine, or the like. The processor 118 may perform signal coding, data processing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any other functions that enable the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to a transceiver 120, which may be coupled to a transmit/receive element 122. Although fig. 1B depicts the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 as separate components, it should be understood that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.
The transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit signals to and receive signals from a base station (e.g., base station 114 a) over the air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the transmit/receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to transmit and/or receive RF signals. In one embodiment, the transmit/receive element 122 may be an emitter/detector configured to emit and/or receive, for example, IR, UV, or visible light signals. In yet another embodiment, the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive RF and optical signals. It should be appreciated that the transmit/receive element 122 may be configured to transmit and/or receive any combination of wireless signals.
Although the transmit/receive element 122 is depicted as a single element in fig. 1B, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit/receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit/receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.
The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals to be transmitted by the transmit/receive element 122 and demodulate signals received by the transmit/receive element 122. As noted above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. For example, therefore, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers to enable the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs (such as NR and IEEE 802.11).
The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to and may receive user input data from a speaker/microphone 124, a keypad 126, and/or a display/touchpad 128, such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display unit or an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display unit. The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker/microphone 124, the keypad 126, and/or the display/touchpad 128. Further, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any type of suitable memory, such as the non-removable memory 130 and/or the removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. Removable memory 132 may include a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a Secure Digital (SD) memory card, and the like. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may never physically locate memory access information on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or home computer (not shown), and store the data in that memory.
The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134 and may be configured to distribute and/or control power to other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry battery packs (e.g., nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, and the like.
The processor 118 may also be coupled to a GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to or in lieu of information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from base stations (e.g., base stations 114a, 114 b) over the air interface 116 and/or determine its location based on the timing of signals received from two or more nearby base stations. It should be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may obtain location information by any suitable location determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.
The processor 118 may also be coupled to other peripheral devices 138, which may include one or more software modules and/or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality, and/or wired or wireless connections. For example, the number of the cells to be processed, peripheral devices 138 may include accelerometers, electronic compasses, satellite transceivers, digital cameras (for photographs and/or video), universal Serial Bus (USB) ports, vibrating devices, television transceivers, hands-free headsets, wireless communications devices, and the like,Module, frequency modulation (F)M) radio units, digital music players, media players, video game player modules, internet browsers, virtual reality and/or augmented reality (VR/AR) devices, activity trackers, etc. The peripheral device 138 may include one or more sensors, which may be one or more of the following: gyroscopes, accelerometers, hall effect sensors, magnetometers, orientation sensors, proximity sensors, temperature sensors, time sensors; a geographic position sensor; altimeters, light sensors, touch sensors, magnetometers, barometers, gesture sensors, biometric sensors, and/or humidity sensors.
WTRU 102 may include a full duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with a particular subframe for both UL (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and/or simultaneous. The full duplex radio station may include an interference management unit 139 for reducing and/or substantially eliminating self-interference via hardware (e.g., choke) or via signal processing by a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via processor 118). In one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with a particular subframe for UL (e.g., for transmission) or downlink (e.g., for reception)).
Fig. 1C is a system diagram illustrating a RAN 104 and a CN 106 according to an embodiment. As described above, the RAN 104 may communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116 using an E-UTRA radio technology. RAN 104 may also communicate with CN 106.
RAN 104 may include enode bs 160a, 160B, 160c, but it should be understood that RAN 104 may include any number of enode bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The enode bs 160a, 160B, 160c may each include one or more transceivers to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the evolved node bs 160a, 160B, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, the enode B160 a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to the WTRU 102a and/or to receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a, for example.
Each of the evolved node bs 160a, 160B, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in UL and/or DL, and the like. As shown in fig. 1C, the enode bs 160a, 160B, 160C may communicate with each other over an X2 interface.
The CN 106 shown in fig. 1C may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, a Serving Gateway (SGW) 164, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (or PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN 106, it should be understood that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by entities other than the CN operator.
MME 162 may be connected to each of evolved node bs 160a, 160B, 160c in RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may function as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating the user of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation/deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like. MME 162 may provide control plane functionality for switching between RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) employing other radio technologies such as GSM and/or WCDMA.
SGW 164 may be connected to each of the evolved node bs 160a, 160B, 160c in RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to/from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102 c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions such as anchoring user planes during inter-enode B handover, triggering paging when DL data is available to the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c, managing and storing the contexts of the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c, etc.
The SGW 164 may be connected to a PGW 166 that may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to a packet switched network, such as the internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.
The CN 106 may facilitate communication with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to a circuit-switched network (such as the PSTN 108) to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and legacy landline communication devices. For example, the CN 106 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks owned and/or operated by other service providers.
Although the WTRU is depicted in fig. 1A-1D as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in some representative embodiments such a terminal may use a wired communication interface with a communication network (e.g., temporarily or permanently).
In representative embodiments, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.
A WLAN in an infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS) mode may have an Access Point (AP) for the BSS and one or more Stations (STAs) associated with the AP. The AP may have access or interface to a Distribution System (DS) or another type of wired/wireless network that carries traffic to and/or from the BSS. Traffic originating outside the BSS and directed to the STA may arrive through the AP and may be delivered to the STA. Traffic originating from the STA and leading to a destination outside the BSS may be sent to the AP to be delivered to the respective destination. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be sent through the AP, for example, where the source STA may send traffic to the AP and the AP may pass the traffic to the destination STA. Traffic between STAs within a BSS may be considered and/or referred to as point-to-point traffic. Point-to-point traffic may be sent between (e.g., directly between) the source and destination STAs using Direct Link Setup (DLS). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z Tunnel DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an Independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and STAs (e.g., all STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS communication mode may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad-hoc" communication mode.
When using the 802.11ac infrastructure mode of operation or similar modes of operation, the AP may transmit beacons on a fixed channel, such as a primary channel. The primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., 20MHz wide bandwidth) or a dynamically set width via signaling. The primary channel may be an operating channel of the BSS and may be used by STAs to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) may be implemented, for example, in an 802.11 system. For CSMA/CA, STAs (e.g., each STA), including the AP, may listen to the primary channel. If the primary channel is listened to/detected by a particular STA and/or determined to be busy, the particular STA may backoff. One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.
High Throughput (HT) STAs may communicate using 40MHz wide channels, for example, via a combination of a primary 20MHz channel with an adjacent or non-adjacent 20MHz channel to form a 40MHz wide channel.
Very High Throughput (VHT) STAs may support channels that are 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz, and/or 160MHz wide. 40MHz and/or 80MHz channels may be formed by combining consecutive 20MHz channels. The 160MHz channel may be formed by combining 8 consecutive 20MHz channels, or by combining two non-consecutive 80MHz channels (this may be referred to as an 80+80 configuration). For the 80+80 configuration, after channel coding, the data may pass through a segment parser that may split the data into two streams. An Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) process and a time domain process may be performed on each stream separately. These streams may be mapped to two 80MHz channels and data may be transmitted by the transmitting STA. At the receiver of the receiving STA, the operations described above for the 80+80 configuration may be reversed and the combined data may be sent to a Medium Access Control (MAC).
The 802.11af and 802.11ah support modes of operation below 1 GHz. Channel operating bandwidth and carrier are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah relative to those used in 802.11n and 802.11 ac. The 802.11af supports 5MHz, 10MHz, and 20MHz bandwidths in the television white space (TVWS) spectrum, and the 802.11ah supports 1MHz, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, and 16MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to representative embodiments, 802.11ah may support meter type control/machine type communications, such as MTC devices in macro coverage areas. MTC devices may have certain capabilities, such as limited capabilities, including supporting (e.g., supporting only) certain bandwidths and/or limited bandwidths. MTC devices may include batteries with battery lives above a threshold (e.g., to maintain very long battery lives).
WLAN systems that can support multiple channels, and channel bandwidths such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah, include channels that can be designated as primary channels. The primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and/or limited by STAs from all STAs operating in the BSS (which support a minimum bandwidth mode of operation). In the example of 802.11ah, for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only) 1MHz mode, the primary channel may be 1MHz wide, even though the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz, and/or other channel bandwidth modes of operation. The carrier sense and/or Network Allocation Vector (NAV) settings may depend on the state of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, because the STA (supporting only 1MHz mode of operation) is transmitting to the AP, the entire available frequency band may be considered busy even though most of the frequency band remains idle and possibly available.
The available frequency band for 802.11ah in the united states is 902MHz to 928MHz. In korea, the available frequency band is 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency band is 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz, depending on the country code.
Fig. 1D is a system diagram illustrating RAN 113 and CN 115 according to one embodiment. As noted above, RAN 113 may employ NR radio technology to communicate with WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over an air interface 116. RAN 113 may also communicate with CN 115.
RAN 113 may include gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c, but it will be appreciated that RAN 113 may include any number of gnbs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. Each of the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may include one or more transceivers to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In an embodiment, the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gnbs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to transmit signals to and/or receive signals from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102 c. Thus, the gNB 180a may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to the WTRU 102a and/or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a, for example. In an embodiment, the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation techniques. For example, the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on the unlicensed spectrum while the remaining component carriers may be on the licensed spectrum. In embodiments, the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement coordinated multipoint (CoMP) techniques. For example, WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and/or gNB 180 c).
The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with the scalable parameter sets. For example, the OFDM symbol interval and/or OFDM subcarrier interval may vary from one transmission to another, from one cell to another, and/or from one portion of the wireless transmission spectrum to another. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c using various or scalable length subframes or Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) (e.g., including different numbers of OFDM symbols and/or continuously varying absolute time lengths).
The gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in an independent configuration and/or in a non-independent configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c may communicate with the gnbs 180a, 180B, 180c while also not accessing other RANs (e.g., such as the enode bs 160a, 160B, 160 c). In an independent configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may use one or more of the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchor points. In an independent configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may use signals in unlicensed frequency bands to communicate with the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180 c. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c may communicate or connect with the gnbs 180a, 180B, 180c, while also communicating or connecting with other RANs (such as the enode bs 160a, 160B, 160 c). For example, the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c may implement DC principles to communicate with one or more gnbs 180a, 180B, 180c and one or more enodebs 160a, 160B, 160c substantially simultaneously. In a non-standalone configuration, the enode bs 160a, 160B, 160c may serve as mobility anchors for the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102c, and the gnbs 180a, 180B, 180c may provide additional coverage and/or throughput for serving the WTRUs 102a, 102B, 102 c.
Each of the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in UL and/or DL, support of network slices, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards User Plane Functions (UPFs) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards access and mobility management functions (AMFs) 182a, 182b, and so on. As shown in fig. 1D, gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c may communicate with each other through an Xn interface.
The CN115 shown in fig. 1D may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one Session Management Function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possibly a Data Network (DN) 185a, 185b. While each of the foregoing elements are depicted as part of the CN115, it should be understood that any of these elements may be owned and/or operated by entities other than the CN operator.
AMFs 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of gNB 180a, 180b, 180c in RAN 113 via an N2 interface and may function as a control node. For example, the AMFs 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slices (e.g., handling of different PDU sessions with different requirements), selection of a particular SMF 183a, 183b, management of registration areas, termination of NAS signaling, mobility management, etc. The AMFs 182a, 182b may use network slices to customize CN support for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of service used by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102 c. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services relying on ultra high reliability low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for Machine Type Communication (MTC) access, and so on. AMF 182 may provide control plane functionality for switching between RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) employing other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-a Pro, and/or non-3 GPP access technologies, such as WiFi.
The SMFs 183a, 183b may be connected to AMFs 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via an N11 interface. The SMFs 183a, 183b may also be connected to UPFs 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via an N4 interface. SMFs 183a, 183b may select and control UPFs 184a, 184b and configure traffic routing through UPFs 184a, 184b. The SMFs 183a, 183b may perform other functions such as managing and assigning UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notifications, etc. The PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP-based, ethernet-based, etc.
UPFs 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gnbs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via an N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to a packet-switched network, such as the internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. UPFs 184a, 184b may perform other functions such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, and the like.
The CN 115 may facilitate communication with other networks. For example, the CN 115 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired and/or wireless networks owned and/or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may connect to the local Data Networks (DNs) 185a, 185b through the UPFs 184a, 184b via an N3 interface to the UPFs 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPFs 184a, 184b and the DNs 185a, 185b.
In view of fig. 1A-1D and the corresponding descriptions of fig. 1A-1D, one or more or all of the functions described herein for one or more of the following may be performed by one or more emulation devices (not shown): the WTRUs 102a-d, base stations 114a-B, evolved node bs 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNB 180a-c, AMFs 182a-ab, UPFs 184a-B, SMFs 183a-B, DNs 185a-B, and/or any one or more other devices described herein. The emulated device may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, the emulation device may be used to test other devices and/or analog network and/or WTRU functions.
The simulation device may be designed to enable one or more tests of other devices in a laboratory environment and/or an operator network environment. For example, the one or more emulation devices can perform one or more or all of the functions while being fully or partially implemented and/or deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network in order to test other devices within the communication network. The one or more emulation devices can perform one or more functions or all functions while being temporarily implemented or deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network. The emulation device may be directly coupled to another device for testing purposes and/or may perform testing using over-the-air wireless communications.
The one or more emulation devices can perform one or more (including all) functions while not being implemented or deployed as part of a wired and/or wireless communication network. For example, the simulation device may be used in a test laboratory and/or a test scenario in a non-deployed (e.g., test) wired and/or wireless communication network in order to enable testing of one or more components. The one or more simulation devices may be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and/or wireless communication via RF circuitry (e.g., which may include one or more antennas) may be used by the emulation device to transmit and/or receive data.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may reduce its transmit power, for example, to achieve RF expectations, such as any of Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR), in-band transmission (IBE), and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM). RF imperfections (e.g., leakage) may be reduced based on any of the (e.g., advanced) waveforms and baseband techniques that allow the WTRU to increase its transmit power (and, for example, increase coverage). Tone Reservation (TR) may be regarded as a technique for achieving RF expectations without reducing transmission power. Tone reservation may also be referred to herein as tone reduction (collectively referred to as TR). For example, the TR may include a set of subcarriers (e.g., which may be different) reserved to be separate from the subcarriers used for data transmission. The reserved subcarriers may be used to transmit signals (e.g., TR transmissions) that may reduce the peak of the data signal. For example, a higher number of reserved subcarriers may result in a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Reserving subcarriers separate from the subcarriers used for data transmission in order to reduce the peak of the data signal may be referred to herein as either of peak reserved tones and peak reduced tones, collectively referred to as PRTs. The terms PRT and TR are used interchangeably in the embodiments described herein.
According to an embodiment, reserving a set of subcarriers (e.g., always) may reduce spectral efficiency. According to embodiments, the WTRU may (e.g., be able to) increase its transmit power, e.g., without reserving (e.g., a large number of) subcarriers, or without any TR at all. Embodiments described herein may allow a WTRU to determine when, for example, TR may be performed (e.g., activated). Embodiments described herein may allow a WTRU to request TR from a serving base station (e.g., a gNB), for example, and parameters corresponding to WTRU status (e.g., a situation). The embodiments described herein are not limited to a gNB and may be applied to any kind of serving base station.
Example of indicating PRT configuration from gNB with WTRU assistance
According to an embodiment, the PRT configuration may be indicated from the gNB with the assistance of the WTRU. For example, the WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) a (e.g., desired) PRT configuration to the gNB for any of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) and a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may select the PRT configuration based on any of the following:
-number of target modulation and Resource Blocks (RBs) (e.g. resource allocation); in a first example, the WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) a list of configurations corresponding to different allocations of any of the Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCSs) and RBs (e.g., a group of MCS values may correspond to a PRT configuration); in a second example, the WTRU may determine (e.g., predict) UL grant allocation and may report the corresponding PRT configuration (e.g., as any one of one configuration and a subset of configurations);
-Power Headroom Reporting (PHR); the PHR may (e.g., include a PH value, which may) indicate how much transmit power is available for use by the WTRU in addition to the power used for (e.g., current) transmissions;
WTRU capabilities, such as any of WTRU processing capabilities, power class;
-configured maximum WTRU output power (PCmax);
-measurement of a Reference Signal (RS); in case of reciprocity (e.g., UL and DL using similar frequency bands), DL RS may be used;
-type of intended transmission (e.g. Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), msg 2);
-an operating frequency band.
According to an embodiment, for any of requesting and reporting PRT configurations, the WTRU may use any of a (e.g., new, specific) MAC Control Element (CE), uplink Control Information (UCI), and PHR (e.g., using a specific power headroom value (e.g., its range)) and Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling (e.g., messages) (e.g., included in PHR).
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive the PRT configuration based on (e.g., using) any one of RRC configuration, downlink Control Information (DCI), MAC CE. For example, the authorized processing time may depend on the received PRT configuration.
According to an embodiment, the PRT configuration may include any one of the following: a number of subcarriers (e.g., RBs) reserved for PRT, a position of the reserved subcarriers (e.g., RBs) within any of the bandwidth part and Carrier Component (CC), a power offset between power used in the data RBs and power used in the subcarriers (e.g., RBs) for PRT.
According to embodiments, for example, after performing an initial transmission and determining that more power may be required, the WTRU may (e.g., triggered) report its (e.g., desired) PRT configuration. In another example, the WTRU may report its (e.g., desired) PRT configuration based on network congestion (e.g., based on some measurements). In yet another example, the WTRU may report its (e.g., desired) PRT configuration based on receiving group common signaling.
Examples of WTRU autonomous selection and enablement/disablement of features for PRT configuration
According to an embodiment, a WTRU may be configured with at least two grants (e.g., one with an enabled PRT and another without a PRT). For example, the WTRU may select one of them and may indicate (either implicitly or explicitly) the selection to the gNB.
According to an embodiment, PRT frequency resources (e.g., tones) may be within the resources allocated for UL grants. For example, a set of RBs may be configured (e.g., allocated) to a WTRU, which may select the number of PRTs to apply and may indicate (e.g., transmit) PRT parameters, e.g., for UL transmissions to the gNB.
Special expression
Throughout the implementations described herein, the attributes of the scheduling information (e.g., uplink grant or downlink assignment) may include any of the following:
-a frequency allocation;
-aspects of time allocation such as, for example, duration;
-priority;
-modulation and coding scheme;
-transport block size;
-several spatial layers;
-a number of transport blocks to be carried;
-a Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) state or Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) resource indicator (SRI);
-several repetitions;
whether the authorization is a configured authorization type 1, type 2 or dynamic authorization;
-whether the repetition scheme is type a or type B;
whether the authorization is a configured authorization type 1, type 2 or dynamic authorization;
-a configured authorization index or semi-persistent assignment index;
-a periodicity of the configured grants or assignments;
-a Channel Access Priority Class (CAPC);
any parameters provided in DCI by MAC or by RRC for scheduling grants or assignments.
Examples of Peak tone reduction
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may reduce its transmit power, e.g., to reach RF expectations, such as any of ACLR, IBE, and EVM. The power reduction may result in reduced coverage for the UL channel. For example, coverage may be increased by reducing RF imperfections (e.g., leakage) so that the WTRU may transmit (e.g., be enabled) at higher power. In another example, using either of the (e.g., advanced) waveform and some baseband techniques, the WTRU may, for example, reduce leakage on adjacent channels that result in higher transmission power without causing interference in the adjacent channels. The TR technique may allow the WTRU to reach (e.g., meet) RF expectations, e.g., allow the WTRU to increase transmission power. TR (e.g., PRT) techniques may include reserving (e.g., a set of) subcarriers (e.g., which may be different) that are separate from subcarriers used for any other (e.g., data) transmission. The reserved subcarriers may be used to transmit signals that may reduce peaks of the data signal and thus may reduce PAPR. The signals used to obtain (e.g., implement) the (e.g., given) PAPR values may be based on different techniques. A (e.g., large) number of reserved subcarriers may result in lower PAPR and cubic metric. For example, the signals may be based on information disclosed in "Genetic Algorithm Based Nearly Optimal Peak Reduction Tone Set Selection for Adaptive Amplitude Clipping PAPR Reduction" published by Y.Wang, W.Chen and C.Tellambura, month 9 in 2012, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol.58, no.3, pp.462-471. In another example, the signal may be based on method "Subcarrier Power Adjustment Technique for Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction of OFDM Systems" disclosed in IEEE Military Communications Conference by YRajbanshi, rakesh and wyglinki, a.m. and Minden, gary in 2006. In another example, the signal may be based on method "Peak to average power ratio reduction for digital video broadcast T2" disclosed by Barsanti, robert and Larue, james in 2011 in Proceedings of IEEE Southeastcon.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a peak tone reduction technique. Fig. 2 shows an example in which six subcarriers may be used in the edge of a set of data RBs 210. A set of three subcarriers 221, 222 may be used (e.g., reserved) on each side of the set of data RBs 210. The data signal (e.g., corresponding to the set of data RBs 210) may be transmitted at a power level 21, e.g., equal to P1. Peak tone reduction (e.g., signal) may be transmitted at a power level 22, for example, equal to P2 (lower than P1).
Reserving a set of subcarriers for PTR according to an embodiment (e.g., always systematically) may reduce the spectral efficiency of the system, as those PRT resources may not be used for data transmission and may be considered overhead. According to embodiments, the WTRU may (e.g., be able to) increase its transmission power without using any number of reserved sub-carriers/resource blocks for the tone reservation feature. According to an embodiment, the amount of (e.g., required) resources for the PRT may depend on any of the power available to the WTRU, the target performance (e.g., target block error rate (BLER)) and the capabilities of the WTRU. Embodiments described herein may allow a WTRU to determine when to perform a tone reservation and how a tone reservation may be requested from the gNB. Embodiments described herein may also allow a WTRU to determine parameters for its different operating scenarios (e.g., situations).
WTRU assisted gNB configuration PRT
PRT configuration example
According to embodiments, the WTRU may be (e.g., pre-configured with (e.g., receive PRT configuration information indicating) any number of PRT configurations. For example, the PRT configuration may be semi-statically signaled, e.g., using any of RRC signaling and System Information Blocks (SIBs). For example, during initial access, the WTRU may be configured to use the SIB to use the PRT in the PRACH channel. In another example, the PRT configuration (e.g., information) may be received, for example, dynamically. For example, the DCI may indicate a set of PRT configurations that may support any one of a period of time and a set of slots from the gNB. PRTs may be shared between different WTRUs or may be dedicated to (e.g., a single) WTRU. For example, PRT configurations signaled using WTRU RRC (e.g., common) signaling may be shared among WTRUs. The PRT configuration (e.g., information) may include any number of the following parameters (e.g., information, indications):
-any of a number of sub-carriers and Resource Blocks (RBs) reserved (e.g. to be used) for PRT transmissions.
-a power offset between power used in RBs for data and power used in either of RBs and subcarriers for PRT. For example, the power offset may be a function of any of the configured subcarrier spacing, bandwidth, and PRT resource allocation within (e.g., associated with) any of the component carriers and the bandwidth portions.
Reserved sub-carriers are in (e.g., associated with) positions within either of the bandwidth part and the carrier component. For example, a WTRU may be configured with any of the subcarriers and RBs used for PRT (e.g., signal) transmission, which may be located at the edge of the bandwidth that may be used for data transmission.
A corresponding set of RBs that can be used for data transmission for the reserved peak reduced tone.
Any of the configured subframes and slots may be applied.
-any one of periodicity and offset in the time domain of the PRT. For example, the offset may be any one of a time offset and a symbol offset (e.g., an offset in symbols). For example, the WTRU may apply (e.g., be configured to) a PRT configuration with (e.g., specified, indicated) periodicity. The WTRU may apply PRT (e.g., transmit information including data transmissions and PRT transmissions) with the PRT periodicity where the UL grant overlaps (e.g., is configured) in the time domain. Otherwise, the WTRU may transmit UL grant (e.g., data according to UL grant) without any PRT transmission.
The WTRU may apply to the subcarrier spacing of the PRT.
-any one of a bandwidth part index and a CC index.
An algorithm or method of generating PRTs, including, for example, algorithm (e.g., method) parameters, such as any of coefficients and matrices.
-a block interleaver to generate tones of the PRT.
The density of PTRs, for example, indicates whether they can be continuous or discontinuous and how they can be distributed. For example, some WTRUs may support tones that may be adjacent to UL grants (e.g., PRT transmissions), while other WTRUs may support both continuous and discontinuous (e.g., both) as capabilities. The WTRU may indicate support for such capabilities to the network, for example, by transmitting capability information indicating whether the PRT transmission may be continuous or discontinuous with the data transmission.
Transmit Power Control (TPC) step size.
Precoder ratio R (discussed further below in connection with fig. 5).
According to an embodiment, the PRT configuration may be identified with an identifier (such as, for example, an index). For example, the WTRU may be preconfigured with a table that includes a list of PRT configurations, where the configuration may be represented by, for example, raw data, and different columns may represent different parameters of the PRT configuration. For example, a row index in the table may identify the PRT configuration (e.g., as its identifier). Any data structure capable of representing a set of PRT configurations (where a configuration may be identified by an identifier and may include different parameters as described herein) may be suitable for use with the embodiments described herein.
Examples of triggers requesting PRT configuration and/or transmitting assistance information
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indication from the gNB requesting the PRT configuration. According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive an indication from a gNB to transmit a report including (e.g., assistance) information that may assist the gNB (e.g., used by the gNB) in configuring the WTRU with a PRT. For example, the gNB may control when the WTRU may request PRT and/or may provide (e.g., assist) information. The WTRU may be (e.g., triggered to do) send assistance information and request a PRT configuration (e.g., transmit information indicating the selected PRT configuration) by any of:
-receiving (e.g., WTRU-specific) DCI. For example, the gNB may transmit DCI containing an indication (e.g., a bit field) that may request any one of the assistance information and the PRT configuration request (e.g., its transmission).
-receiving a MAC CE. For example, the WTRU may receive a MAC CE that may request (e.g., preferred) a PRT configuration.
-a power limited situation. For example, after performing UL transmissions, the WTRU may determine that more power may be involved, e.g., to achieve performance goals. In one example, the WTRU may determine to be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation) based on any of the following:
The omicron is transmitted at (e.g., maximum) power for a (e.g., configured, configurable) period of time. For example, the WTRU may be configured to start a timer after it may have (e.g., started) transmitting at (e.g., maximum) power. The WTRU may be configured to reset the timer if the WTRU may transmit at a lower power than (e.g., maximum) power. After the timer expires (e.g., upon expiration of the timer), the WTRU may determine that the WTRU may be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation).
The o (e.g., transport, data) block may be retransmitted with several retransmissions above (e.g., configured, configurable threshold) value. For example, the WTRU may be configured with N retransmissions (N being any integer value greater than 1). The WTRU may determine that the WTRU may be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, operating mode) when retransmitting (e.g., transmitting, data) the block N times (e.g., after having retransmitted).
The o pathloss may be above (e.g., a configured, configurable threshold) value, e.g., the WTRU may determine that its pathloss may be above (e.g., a configured, configurable threshold) value based on measurements of any of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSIRS), a positioning reference signal, and any other configured reference signal. For example, in the event that the (e.g., measured) received power of the reference signal is below a (e.g., configured, configurable) value for a (e.g., configured, configurable) time period, the WTRU may determine (e.g., configured) that it may be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation).
-PH. For example, the WTRU may be configured to trigger any one of the PRT request and assistance information (e.g., its transmission) if its PH is equal to or less than a (e.g., configured, configurable) value (e.g., a threshold). For example, the WTRU may be configured to request PRT configuration if its power headroom (e.g., value) is equal to (e.g., near) zero.
-determining network congestion. The WTRU may be configured to: it is determined whether the network is likely to be congested and if the network is not congested, PRT (e.g., feature) is enabled. For example, the V2XWTRU may determine (e.g., configured to) whether the side link is likely to be congested, and may transmit any of the PRT request and assistance information to the gNB if the side link is not congested.
-receiving group common signaling. For example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., be configured to) a group common DCI scrambled with a common radio network identifier (RNTI) to trigger the WTRU to send either one of a PRT request and assistance information. In another example, the WTRU may receive (e.g., be configured to) a triggered system information update that may carry a PRT request.
Throughout the embodiments described herein, expressions "PRT request", "PRT configuration request", "request for PRT configuration", "report of desired PRT configuration", "indication of selected (e.g., requested) PRT configuration" and "information indicating (e.g., selected) PRT configuration" may be used interchangeably to specify information that may be sent by a WTRU to a serving base station to request PRT configuration (e.g., operate in PRT configuration).
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., be configured to) a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), e.g., and any of assistance information and a PRT configuration request. The SRS transmission may allow the gNB to determine the channel condition of the WTRU, e.g., for selecting a (e.g., appropriate) PRT configuration for the WTRU. For example, the WTRU may be configured with a mapping (e.g., a set of associations) between (e.g., receive SRS configuration information indicating) SRS configurations and (e.g., desired) PRT configurations. By receiving the corresponding SRS, the gNB may determine a requested PRT configuration (e.g., a PRT configuration that may be requested by the WTRU). In other words, the WTRU may indicate a request for a particular TR configuration by transmitting SRS associated with the particular PRT configuration. In another example, SRS resources may be configured, for example, by a gNB in the WTRU (e.g., by sending SRS configuration information) for the purpose of indicating a PRT feature request. For example, the SRS configuration information may indicate that the PRT configuration may be associated with any of the at least one SRS and the at least one SRS resource. For example, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., SRS) in the configured SRS resources for requesting that the PRT feature be enabled (e.g., configured).
Example of WTRU reporting for desired PRT configuration
According to embodiments, the WTRU may report (e.g., transmit information indicating) (e.g., desired, expected) the PRT configuration after the WTRU has been triggered as described herein (e.g., configured). For example, the WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) (e.g., desired) PRT configuration to the gNB, e.g., for any of the configured PUSCH/PUCCH transmissions and the intended PUSCH transmissions. According to embodiments, the WTRU may determine (e.g., desired, expected) PRT configuration based on any of the following:
-modulation and any of a number of RBs. For example, the WTRU may indicate the number of (e.g., desired) subcarriers for RTS based on the (e.g., target) modulation.
In a first example, the WTRU may report a (e.g., desired) PRT configuration list corresponding to different (e.g., supported) MCSs and frequency resource (e.g., RB) allocations. For example, the WTRU may report the desired PRT configuration for (e.g., each) MCS value. In another example, the WTRU may report a (e.g., desired) PRT configuration for (e.g., a set of) MCS values.
In a second example, the WTRU may determine (e.g., and/or predict) UL grant allocation and may report a corresponding (e.g., desired) PRT configuration. For example, the WTRU may be configured with a Configured Grant (CG) list. The WTRU may report the (e.g., preferred, desired) PRT configuration that may correspond to the MCS and RB allocation of the CG configuration. In another example, the WTRU may obtain (e.g., predict) the number of allocated RBs and MCSs based on its buffer status report and the reported channel status information, and may request a PRT configuration corresponding to the (e.g., predicted) number of allocated RBs and MCSs.
-an available power margin. For example, the WTRU may determine the available PH based on the power level used for the previous transmission. In another example, the WTRU may determine the PH based on the uplink grant (e.g., estimate the power level for the upcoming transmission based on uplink grant information (e.g., any of RB allocation and MCS) associated with the uplink grant). For example, based on the (e.g., available) PH, the WTRU may determine a (e.g., desired) power offset between the transmit power in the data subcarriers/RBs and the transmit power in the PRT subcarriers/RBs.
Transmit power used in previous UL transmissions. For example, the WTRU may indicate the number of (e.g., desired) subcarriers of the PRT for a subsequent UL transmission based on the power used in the previous transmission. The number of (e.g., desired) subcarriers may allow the WTRU to increase transmit power in the next UL transmission.
-WTRU capabilities; for example, based on its processing capability, the WTRU may indicate a PRT configuration that is desired for the next (e.g., upcoming) transmission.
-power class. For example, a WTRU with a higher power level may not request to perform PRT if it determines that its (e.g., target) performance may be achieved by its channel condition and its (e.g., maximum) transmit power.
-measurement of a reference signal. For example, in the case of reciprocity (e.g., similar channel conditions for UL and DL), DL RS may be used to determine the channel conditions of the UL channel. In the event of degraded channel conditions, the WTRU may request PRT configuration.
-received TPC commands. For example, the WTRU may request a PRT configuration in the event that the WTRU receives N (N is an integer greater than 1) consecutive TPC commands to increase the transmit power.
The type of transmission expected (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH). For example, the WTRU may request a different PRT configuration for PUCCH than PUSCH.
-an operating frequency band.
-target BLER for UL transmission. For example, for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) type traffic where a high BLER target may be desired, the WTRU may request (e.g., a large) number of reserved subcarriers.
-a PRT configuration closest to UL grant. For example, the WTRU may be configured with (e.g., receive PRT configuration information indicating) a plurality of PRT configurations, where each PRT configuration may have a different frequency allocation. For example, the WTRU may select a PRT configuration with the following frequency allocations: the frequency allocation may be closest to the uplink grant frequency allocation.
The WTRU may be (pre) configured with (e.g., may receive PRT configuration information indicating) a set of PRT configurations, where each configuration may be identified by an index, for example. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., transmit information indicating) the selected (e.g., desired) PRT configuration to the gNB using, for example, a bit field in UCI, pointing to one of the PRT configurations by an index of the PRT configuration to indicate the selected (e.g., desired) PRT configuration.
Example of WTRU reporting of assistance information
According to embodiments, the WTRU may be configured to transmit (e.g., assist) information to the gNB, which may allow the gNB to determine (e.g., select) a (e.g., appropriate) PRT configuration. For example, the (e.g., assistance) information may include power offsets between power levels for the data RBs and for the RB tone transmissions, respectively.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured to report (e.g., transmit) a PHR (e.g., including a PH value) to the gNB as part of the assistance information sent to the gNB. According to an embodiment, a range of PH values may be associated with the PRT configuration. The WTRU may be configured with (e.g., receive configuration information indicating) a mapping (e.g., a set of associations) between PH values and PRT configurations. The WTRU may select the PRT configuration based on a corresponding PH range/value that may be available to the WTRU.
Examples of transmitting PRT request and/or assistance information
According to embodiments, a WTRU may request PRT configuration and/or report assistance information (e.g., configured to use any of the following):
-MAC CE. In a first example, the WTRU may request PRT configuration and/or indicate assistance information using (e.g., dedicated, specific) MAC CEs (e.g., in transmission). In another example, the WTRU may (e.g., be configured to) jointly report (e.g., desired) the PRT configuration and additional information using one of the (e.g., existing) MAC CEs. For example, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., configured to jointly) the PH (e.g., value) and the (e.g., desired) PRT configuration in the same MAC CE.
- (e.g. dedicated, specific) UCI format, e.g. flags within UCI.
The WTRU may report (e.g., transmit information indicating) (e.g., desired) the PRT configuration(s) using RRC signaling (e.g., configured).
According to embodiments, a WTRU may (e.g., be configured to) multiplex a PRT request (e.g., information indicating a selected PRT configuration) with other UCI information such as, for example, any of Scheduling Request (SR) information, hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information, and CSI (e.g., reporting). For example, the WTRU may be configured with a PUCCH to transmit UCI (e.g., information) (e.g., HARQ ACK feedback). In the case where the WTRU determines (e.g., is triggered) to transmit the PRT request, the WTRU may select a (e.g., first) PUCCH opportunity (e.g., available after the trigger) and may multiplex the PRT request with UCI (e.g., information) on PUCCH resources. In another example, the WTRU may be configured to transmit UCI (e.g., information) on PUSCH. The WTRU may use UCI transmission (e.g., resources) on PUSCH and may multiplex the PRT request with UCI (e.g., transmission) on PUSCH. For example, a WTRU that may be configured to transmit UCI (e.g., information) on either PUCCH and PUSCH may multiplex a PRT request (e.g., information indicating a selected PRT configuration) with UCI (e.g., information to be transmitted). The WTRU may transmit UCI (e.g., information) multiplexed with the PRT request on either PUCCH and PUSCH.
Example of receiving PRT configuration
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured (e.g., semi-statically) with a first set of parameters (e.g., may receive first configuration information including the first set of parameters). According to embodiments, the WTRU may be configured (e.g., dynamically) with (e.g., may receive) a second set of parameters based on any number of DCI fields (e.g., information) (e.g., may receive second configuration information including the second set of parameters). According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive any of the PRT configuration (e.g., information) and any parameters associated with the PRT configuration by any of the following (e.g., configured to):
-receiving (e.g. using) at least one indication contained in the DCI (e.g. contained in at least one dedicated bit field in the DCI). In a first example, the WTRU may receive a PRT configuration index that points to one (e.g., any) of the (e.g., preconfigured) PRT configurations. In another example, the PRT configuration that may be indicated in the DCI may relate to another indication in the DCI. For example, the PRT configuration that may be indicated in the DCI may relate to an indicated Frequency Domain Resource Allocation (FDRA) field. For example, the DCI (e.g., a bit field in the DCI) may indicate that several RBs (e.g., two RBs) may be reserved (e.g., allocated) for PRTs. The WTRU may determine the frequency location of the RTS (e.g., at the edge of the RB for data transmission) from the indicated RB for data. In another example, a (e.g., specific, given) field may indicate (e.g., directly, explicitly) a frequency allocation for RTS.
-receiving (e.g. using) at least one indication contained in the DCI (e.g. an existing bit field in the DCI). For example, FDRA information (e.g., a field) in DCI may include any one of PRT resource allocation and Data resource allocation. For example, the WTRU may determine a subset of RBs for the PRT within the resource (e.g., frequency) allocation based on (e.g., implicit) rules. For example, several RBs may be located at the edge of a resource (e.g., frequency) allocation, where the number of RBs may be any of configured (e.g., by higher layers), indicated in a DCI field, and determined (e.g., implicitly) based on the total number of RBs indicated in an FDRA field (e.g., according to a predefined rule).
-receiving a MAC CE indicating a PRT configuration;
-RRC configuration. For example, after transmitting assistance information to the gNB, the WTRU may use RRC reconfiguration to receive a PRT configuration for configured grants (e.g., of type 1).
According to an embodiment, at least one parameter of the PRT configuration may depend on an attribute of the authorization. For example, the number of RBs (e.g., to be used) for the PRT may depend on the number of RBs allocated in the grant. For example, the number of RBs for PRT may be based on any of (e.g., predefined) relationships (e.g., tables, associations) and (e.g., higher layer) configurations. For example, the location of an RB for the PRT may be related (e.g., implicitly) to either of the allocated minimum RB and the highest RB.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may process (e.g., interpret) the timing indication of the uplink grant based on the PRT configuration (e.g., the K2 indication in the DCI). The K2 indication may be carried in DCI which may be a scheduled uplink grant. K2 indicates a timing at which the scheduled UL transmission may be indicated relative to a timing at which DCI is received. For example, a WTRU receiving DCI (e.g., scheduling UL grant) in time slot n of k2=4 may perform UL transmission in time slot n+4. For example, the WTRU processing time of UL grant may vary (e.g., significantly) from one PRT configuration to another PRT configuration. Processing (e.g., interpreting) K2 values differently from one PRT configuration to another may allow avoiding transmitting timing indications that support all possible values (e.g., which may be based on a large field size).
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with (e.g., configured with) an authorized transmission. For example, after transmitting either of the assistance information and requesting the PRT configuration, the WTRU may begin monitoring for DCI that may contain the PRT configuration.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may use different PCmax values (for example) associated with different PRT configurations (for example). For example, where the WTRU reports, requests, and evaluates the PRT configuration, the WTRU may apply different PCmax values associated with different PRT configurations.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine power control parameters for uplink transmissions based on an enabled (e.g., configured) PRT configuration. For example, in closed loop power control, the WTRU may determine a transmit power control command (TPC) step size based on the enabled PRT configuration. For example, the WTRU may be (e.g., pre-configured with (e.g., receive information indicating) TPC steps along (e.g., associated with) the PRT configuration. In the case where the WTRU receives (e.g., information indicating) a PRT configuration, the WTRU may assume (e.g., use) the corresponding TPC command (e.g., based on the associated TPC step size).
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine an MCS table for uplink transmissions based on an enabled (e.g., configured) PRT configuration. The WTRU may be configured with (e.g., receive information indicating) multiple (e.g., any number of) MCS tables, wherein each MCS table may be associated with a PRT configuration. In the case where the WTRU receives a PRT configuration, the WTRU may assume (e.g., use, transmit based on) a corresponding MCS table (e.g., associated with the received PRT configuration).
Reporting PHR with additional information (extended PHR) example
According to some embodiments, the WTRU may report (e.g., be configured to transmit) a conventional PHR (e.g., PH value), which may be obtained (e.g., calculated) using a normal (e.g., current) PCmax value and a new PCmax value, which may correspond to any one of the selected and preferred PRT configurations. For example, the WTRU may report (e.g., be configured to) a difference between a normal (e.g., current) PCmax and a new PCmax (e.g., transmit information indicating a first difference value calculated using the difference), which may correspond to any one of the selected and preferred PRT configurations. In another example, the WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) both a regular PHR (e.g., PH value) and additional PHR information that may be calculated by the WTRU assuming that any of the selected and preferred PRT configurations are enabled (e.g., if any of the selected and preferred PRT configurations are enabled). The WTRU may report (e.g., be configured to) a difference between the normal (e.g., current) PH and this new PH (e.g., determined based on any of the selected and preferred PRT configurations) corresponding to any of the selected and preferred PRT configurations (e.g., transmit information indicating a second difference value calculated using the difference). In another example, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., configured, transmit information to) whether the use of the PRT feature may allow the WTRU to increase the transmit power and how much power the WTRU may obtain. For example, the WTRU may transmit power information associated with a transition from a normal (e.g., current) PRT configuration to any of the selected and preferred PRT configurations. For example, the power information may include power gain information indicating a (e.g., transmit) power gain associated with the transition. For example, the WTRU may indicate the power difference (e.g., gain) in dB.
The WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) the PHR (e.g., PH) and the additional information described above using the same Transport Block (TB). The WTRU may report (e.g., transmit) the PHR (e.g., PH) and additional information using the same MAC CE. For example, the WTRU may use either of the flag and bit fields (e.g., to transmit information) to indicate to the gNB that a PHR (extended PHR) with additional information may be transmitted (e.g., 0 may indicate regular and 1 may indicate extended PHR, any other value may be applied to embodiments described herein). In another example, the WTRU may transmit the additional information using a separate MAC CE. For example, a conventional PHR (e.g., PH value) may be transmitted using a first MAC CE, and a second MAC CE may be used to transmit any one of new PCmax information (e.g., value) and new PH information (e.g., value) corresponding to any one of the selected and preferred PRT configurations.
Example of transmitting UL TBs using PRT configuration
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit any number of UL TBs based on the PRT configuration. After receiving the PRT configuration (e.g., information), the WTRU may transmit a signal (which may be referred to herein as a PRT signal) that may be different from the data signal using the PRT subcarriers/RBs. In a first example, a PRT signal may be generated (e.g., transmitted) based on an (e.g., intended) uplink data transmission, e.g., to reduce (e.g., minimize) the PAPR of the sum of the PRT signal and the data signal. In a second example, the PRT signal may be generated (e.g., transmitted) in a manner that reduces (e.g., minimizes) a cubic metric of a sum of the data signal and the PRT signal.
Examples of methods for enabling tone reservation
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method 300 for enabling tone reservation. In accordance with an embodiment, in step 310, the WTRU may be configured, for example, to CG transmissions (e.g., receive CG configurations) having several allocated RBs and MCSs. For example, the WTRU may receive uplink grant information (e.g., CG configuration) associated with an uplink grant indicating any of a number of allocated RBs and MCSs. For example, the CG configuration (e.g., uplink grant) may allow the WTRU to transmit at a first (e.g., maximum) power.
According to an embodiment, in step 320, the WTRU may determine that the WTRU may operate in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation) based on, for example, any of (e.g., estimated) path loss and transmitted power (e.g., for previous transmissions).
According to an embodiment, in step 330, the WTRU may determine (e.g., preferred) configuration based on any of CG authorized attributes (e.g., MCS and RB allocation) and available power headroom. For example, the WTRU may determine whether it may involve (e.g., require) more transmit power, e.g., based on its available power headroom (e.g., zero available power headroom). For example, the WTRU may determine the number of subcarriers/RBs for the configured grant transmission to achieve (e.g., reach, obtain) the target BLER, e.g., based on its power level.
According to an embodiment, in step 340, the WTRU may send any one of a PRT request and assistance information to the gNB. Either of the PRT request and the assistance information may indicate the determined (e.g., preferred) PRT configuration.
According to an embodiment, in step 350, the WTRU may monitor the DCI, e.g., reconfigure the CG configuration with PRT features (e.g., configuration).
In an example scenario, a WTRU may receive a first UL grant (e.g., first uplink grant information associated with the first UL grant) and may determine that a condition to request a PRT may be met. For example, the WTRU may determine to be in a power limited situation. For example, the WTRU may determine that the power condition may be met based on any of the measured path loss, the transmit power used for the configured period, and the PH (e.g., available, determined), for example. For example, the WTRU may select a (e.g., preferred) PRT configuration and may send information to the gNB indicating the selected PRT configuration, e.g., using any of a current grant (e.g., a first UL grant) and a later (e.g., further) grant. For example, the WTRU may receive a second UL grant (e.g., second UL grant information associated with the second UL grant) from the gNB if the (e.g., preferred, selected) PRT configuration is enabled.
Example of WTRU autonomous enablement of PRT
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may enable PRT (e.g., autonomously) for PAPR reduction. For example, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., declare) in its capabilities that it may be able to (e.g., autonomously) enable PRT. Since PAPR may depend on RB allocation and modulation type, PRT capability may be expressed, for example, in the form of a table referring to (e.g., indicating) modulation and the number of RBs reserved for PRTs on the edge of the contiguous allocation. For example, the PRT allocation granularity may be reduced to a Resource Element (RE) level for allocation and modulation type, e.g., RB level. In accordance with embodiments, where the WTRU uses PRT techniques for its UL transmissions, the gNB may know (e.g., be instructed) which UL resources may be used by the WTRU for PRT, e.g., to cancel them and acquire (e.g., acquire only) UL data modulation resources. For example, the gNB may determine the location of the RBs for data and the location of the RBs for PRT. The gNB may process the data and discard the PRT signal based on the determined location.
According to an embodiment, the gNB may receive a WTRU capability message from the WTRU indicating PRT capabilities of the WTRU. The gNB may use these capabilities in cases where the WTRU reaches any power limited situation (e.g., configuration, operation mode), such as, for example, any of a zero power headroom and a power scaling situation. After determining that the WTRU may be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation), the gNB may begin scheduling WTRUs with alternative grants (e.g., one with PRT tone and one without PRT tone), allowing the WTRU to select between the two grants, e.g., based on its power limited estimate. Such alternative two authorizations may be referred to herein as dual authorizations. For example, a WTRU receiving a dual grant (e.g., grant information associated with the dual grant) may determine (e.g., select) one of two UL grants for transmission based on whether it is in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation).
According to an embodiment, the gNB may determine that the WTRU may be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation) based on any of the following: receiving a PHR (e.g., indicating zero power headroom); receive either one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) report, which may reveal (e.g., indicate) a cell edge WTRU position; and any other signaling or triggering for power limited situations (e.g., configuration, mode of operation).
Example of UL dynamic grant-RB allocation versus PRT location
Examples of continuous distribution
According to an embodiment, DCI including a dynamic UL grant (e.g., information) may be received by a WTRU, where the DCI may include an indication (e.g., specific, additional bits) of: the indication indicates the likelihood that the WTRU may use any number of fixed and dedicated Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) for the PRT technique, e.g., according to its declared PRT capabilities. For example, one RB on each of the edges outside the data-dependent RB allocation from the UL grant may be used to transmit a PRT signal. According to an embodiment, after receiving the dual grant (e.g., grant information associated with the dual grant), the WTRU may determine to use the dual grant (e.g., transmit a PRT signal) or not to use the dual grant based on, for example, a power limited criteria. For example, after receiving an UL grant (e.g., grant information associated with the UL grant), the WTRU may calculate a grant power allocation related to the transport block on the data related RB. The power allocation calculation may result in any one of a scaling situation (e.g., operation) and a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation). For example, in a carrier aggregation scenario, different channels in different carriers belonging to the same UL RF chain may lead to power limited scenarios (e.g., configuration, mode of operation). For example, the WTRU may not have sufficient power to transmit multiple signals and may reduce the transmit power accordingly (e.g., based on a scaling factor). For example, a WTRU transmitting a first signal (e.g., PUSCH) and a second signal (e.g., PUCCH) may determine a first transmit power (P1) and a second transmit power (P2) for transmitting the first signal (e.g., PUSCH) and the second signal (e.g., PUCCH), respectively. In the case where the sum (p1+p2) of the first and second transmit powers (P1, P2) exceeds the configured maximum output power (Pcmax), the WTRU may reduce transmit power for transmitting the first and second signals (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH), respectively, by applying a scaling factor to the first and second transmit powers (P1, P2), respectively.
In accordance with an embodiment, in the event that the WTRU determines to be in any of a scaled condition (e.g., operation) and a power limited condition (e.g., configuration, operation mode), the WTRU may add PRT tones (e.g., transmit PRT signals) in the region indicated by its PRT declared capability.
According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive: dynamic UL grants including RB allocations and related modulations (e.g., UL grant information associated with the dynamic UL grant); and an indication (e.g., a DCI bit) that may enable PRT techniques within RB allocations (e.g., separate). For example, in the case where the power UL allocation assessment results in either a scaling scenario (e.g., operation) or a power limited scenario (e.g., configuration, operation mode), the WTRU may place PRT tones (e.g., transmit PRT signals) according to its declared PRT capabilities. For example, in a carrier aggregation scenario, different channels in different carriers belonging to the same UL RF chain may lead to power limited scenarios (e.g., configuration, mode of operation).
Examples of discontinuous allocation and PRT location
In accordance with an embodiment, a WTRU may receive a discontinuous allocation (e.g., including any number of allocation slots). For example, the WTRU may use the PRT scheme in any power limited situation (e.g., configuration, operation mode) due to its allocation-related Maximum Power Reduction (MPR), which may be higher than the MPR for the continuous allocation. For example, the WTRU may place PRT RBs (e.g., also) in the RB allocation gap, e.g., for reducing global PAPR. For example, uplink Control Information (UCI) describing the PRT RB placement (e.g., detailed) may be transmitted by the WTRU.
Examples of random PRT locations
According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive an UL grant (e.g., UL grant information associated with the UL grant) with an indication that PRT techniques may be enabled. For example, a bit may be set (e.g., PRT technology) for UL grant. According to embodiments, a WTRU may evaluate power allocation (e.g., for UL transmissions) and may determine that the WTRU may be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation). If the WTRU is determined to be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation), the WTRU may use PRT location determination through a (e.g., randomization) scheme. For example, the WTRU capability may include any of a (e.g., maximum) number of PRT RBs and RE resources, and the UL grant may be calculated (e.g., determined) by the gNB scheduler, e.g., based on the (e.g., maximum) number. In another example, there may be no established restrictions. The gNB may signal (e.g., indicate) (e.g., maximum) the number of PRT resources in a DCI grant (e.g., along a PRT indication (e.g., bit)). According to an embodiment, randomization of PRT locations may follow an (e.g., specific) algorithm that the gNB and WTRU may share (e.g., may be commonly aware of). The (e.g., specific) algorithm for PRT location randomization may be any of the (e.g., declared), standard-based randomization schemes/algorithms indicated in the WTRU capabilities, where the seed may be known (e.g., WTRU RNTI).
Example of UL semi-persistent grant (RRC configured) -RB allocation versus PRT allocation
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with a semi-persistent UL grant through RRC. For example, a description of the (e.g., alternative) PRT grant technique may be signaled (e.g., indicated) by the RRC to the WTRU.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may be configured with either one of a grant of a type 1 configuration and a grant of a type 2 configuration. The configured grant of type 1 may be configured based on RRC (re) configuration, e.g. without any layer 1 signaling. For example, the configured grant of type 1 may not depend on DCI-based activation. The WTRU may be configured with (e.g., receive configuration information indicating) any of (e.g., conventional, type 1) grant, allowed location related to PRT, and (e.g., specific) UCI information that the WTRU may relay (e.g., transmit) to the gNB when using PRT techniques (e.g., transmitting PRT signals).
The grant of the type 2 configuration may have a transmission period that may be given (e.g., configured, indicated) by RRC. Layer 1/layer 2 signaling may be used to control the deactivation/activation of the transmission. For example, similar to dynamic grant, the transmission parameters may be received by (e.g., indicated to) the WTRU. For example, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., periodically) as long as the buffered data is not empty, for example. Any of the configured grant type 1, PRT attributes (e.g., parameters), PRT location, PRT algorithms that may be used, and UCI information related to PRT may be received by the WTRU (e.g., signaled, indicated to the WTRU) via RRC. Transmitting those PRT related information via RRC may allow keeping dynamic information carried in PDCCH reduced (e.g. reduced to a minimum).
Example of UL control information (PRT technology related UCI)
In accordance with an embodiment, in the case of dual grant configuration, the WTRU may be configured to use UCI to indicate (e.g., by transmitting UCI information, e.g., to the gNB, the UCI information indicating) which grant may have been selected.
Example of PRT technique without UL UCI information
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an UL grant with a DCI indication (e.g., UL grant information associated with the UL grant) that may be used with a fixed PRT sequence according to a fixed table. After receiving such UL grant (e.g., information), the WTRU may apply it (e.g., transmit a PRT signal in the granted PRT resources). For example, the gNB may cancel the fixed (e.g., PRT) location without any (e.g., special) UCI information from the WTRU. The table may be regarded as an extension of the MPR table that may be implemented in the gNB scheduler.
According to an embodiment, RB allocation included in UL grant (e.g., information) may relate to (e.g., include) an allocation region, which may relate to additional maximum power reduction (a-MPR, e.g., additional reduction due to coexistence situations). Where UL grant involves a-MPR, the PRT scheme may not be applicable and (e.g., normal) Pcmax procedures may take precedence (e.g., may be applicable).
Example of PRT technique with UL UCI information
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may use PRT techniques (e.g., transmit PRT signals in PRT resources). According to an embodiment, a WTRU may transmit Uplink Control Information (UCI) to a gNB for PRT signal demodulation and PRT cancellation. For example, UCI may be mapped (e.g., included) in the first symbol of the UL slot using PRT techniques (e.g., carrying PRT signals). For example, the WTRU may multiplex the Ack/NACK in the first symbol with the PRT UCI, which may be part of the RB allocation. For example, PRT-related UCI may not puncture any data or Ack/NAck-related bits.
According to an embodiment, the UL grant assigned by the WTRU may include UCI information. Any of the embodiments for UCI may be used alone or as a combination without limitation.
According to an embodiment, a (e.g., simple fixed) PRT scheme may be used. For example, the WTRU may use all PRT tones (e.g., frequency resources (e.g., RBs) that have been allocated for PRT signaling). For example, UCI may be (e.g., as small as) a single bit indicating whether to use PRT techniques with current UL grant (e.g., PRT signaling in all PRT tones). Whether to use a PRT technique (e.g., a single bit) indication may be referred to herein as a PRT technique indicator.
According to an embodiment, the UCI may include a PRT technology indicator and an indication of a power offset of the PRT tone.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may use fewer resources than the allocated PRT resources (e.g., allocated for PRT signaling). For example, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., include) a PRT technology indicator and the number of RBs for the PRT technology in the UCI. For example, a single bit may be used to signal all or half of the PRT resource usage, for example. The number of RBs used to transmit the PRT signal may be indicated by any number of bits, e.g., from a single bit to N bits indicating whether the PRT technique is used, N being an integer greater than 1. For example, N bits may (e.g., for) point to (e.g., indicate) 2 N-1 Possible (e.g., different) PRT configurations, and configurations without PRT.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., transmit information indicating) the selected PRT configuration to the gNB. For example, the WTRU may be (pre) configured with (e.g., receive configuration information indicating) a set of PRT configurations, where each configuration may be identified by an index (e.g., an identifier). The WTRU may indicate the selected PRT configuration, for example, by transmitting UCI information indicating a PRT index (e.g., identifier) using a bit field in the UCI (pointing to (e.g., indicating) one of the PRT configurations). Any technique for transmitting information indicative of the selected PRT configuration (e.g., via UCI information) may be applicable to the implementations described herein.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine the PRT location through a (e.g., specific, randomized) scheme. For example, the WTRU may instruct the PRT location determination (e.g., randomization) algorithm. If more than one (e.g., randomization) algorithm is possible, the PRT location determination (e.g., randomization) algorithm may be indicated by, for example, a pointer. In another example, if the algorithm uses a particular sequence as a seed, the seed may be indicated by a pointer. For example, the randomization algorithm may use the WTRU RNTI, e.g., as either a seed or a mask, to determine the PRT location in the UL slot transmission (e.g., per symbol thereof).
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may include an indication (e.g., a bitmap) in the UCI that displays the PRT location, e.g., along with the PRT technology indicator.
Example of multiplexing PRT with uplink Transmission
The WTRU may generate a PRT symbol using a set of N modulated data symbols. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing such an example. For example, as shown in block 501 of fig. 5, a precoder may be used to generate PRT symbols, where the N modulated data symbols may be inputs to the precoder and the PRT symbols may be outputs of the precoder. The WTRU may then map (e.g., associate) the generated PRT symbols to a set of REs using the (e.g., configured) REs for UL data transmission and PRT transmission, as shown in block 503 of fig. 5. The N modulated data symbols may be directly fed (e.g., prior to precoding in block 501) to block 505, where the WTRU may map (e.g., associate) the N modulated data symbols to the set of REs using remaining REs from the available REs for UL data transmission and PRT transmission. For example, as shown in fig. 5, the WTRU may transmit both REs with PRT symbols and REs for UL data. PRT precoder 501 may be characterized by (e.g., associated with) a ratio r=m/N, where M and N may be the generated PRT symbols and data symbols, respectively.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may generate the number of symbols N using any one of rate matching and puncturing (e.g., configured), and may map (e.g., associate) the N symbols to a set of REs based on the value of any one of the ratio R value and the M value. For example, the WTRU may use rate matching for values of either of R and M that may be above a threshold, and puncturing for values of either of R and M that are below a threshold.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may determine that few REs may be needed (e.g., transmitted) for PRT configuration. For example, where the WTRU determines that the number of (e.g., required) REs for PRT configuration is below a (e.g., configured) threshold, the WTRU may use puncturing in mapping (e.g., associating) the modulated data symbols. The location of the RE where the PRT may be transmitted may be preconfigured. For example, the WTRU may be configured (e.g., receive configuration information indicating an edge RB using UL grant.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., be configured to transmit information to) to the gNB whether the WTRU may transmit the PRT using puncturing or rate matching. In one example, the WTRU may use UCI piggybacked in PUSCH transmission to indicate whether the WTRU may transmit PRT using rate matching or puncturing. For example, UCI positions in a set of REs configured for UL grant may be shifted in either of the frequency domain and the time domain due to PRT transmission. For example, the shift parameter may depend on the number of any one of REs and RBs configured for PRT. For example, the gNB may blindly detect the WTRU transmissions to determine UCI location.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit any of a PRT configuration request and assistance information (e.g., for determining a PRT configuration) in case the WTRU receives a group common signaling enabled PRT feature and in case the WTRU determines to be in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, operation mode).
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may obtain (e.g., select) a PRT configuration (e.g., to request from the gNB) based on the available power headroom, modulation, and the number of RBs to be used for uplink transmission.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit (e.g., report) a list of PRT configurations that the WTRU may be capable of supporting for (e.g., supported) a list of modulation and frequency resource allocations.
According to an embodiment, the WTRU may receive two UL grants (e.g., UL grant information associated with the two UL grants), e.g., one UL grant including a PRT tone and one UL grant not having a PRT tone. The PRT tones may be considered frequency resources to be used by the WTRU to transmit PRT signals. According to an embodiment, the WTRU may select one of the two grants for UL transmission depending on whether it is in a power limited situation (e.g., configuration, mode of operation).
According to embodiments, after the WTRU has selected one of the two UL grants, the WTRU may indicate (e.g., to the gNB) the UL grant for UL transmission.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method 400 for enabling tone reservation.
In accordance with an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit information requesting a PRT configuration, e.g., for reducing PAPR, in step 410.
According to an embodiment, in step 420, the WTRU may receive an indication of (e.g., PRT) frequency resources to be used for transmitting the PRT signal based on the (e.g., requested) PRT configuration.
According to an embodiment, in step 430, the WTRU may transmit a PRT signal in (e.g., PRT) frequency resources in addition to UL transmissions. For example, UL transmissions may be performed to transmit any kind of data (e.g., user data, control data …). For example, PRT frequency resources may be based on (e.g., allocated to) frequency resources (e.g., a set of) that may have been allocated for UL transmissions. For example, the (e.g., PRT) frequency resources may be located at (e.g., each) edge of a (e.g., contiguous) frequency resource block that may have been allocated for UL transmission. Any kind of PRT frequency resource allocation based on other frequency resources allocated to UL transmissions (e.g., collocated with other frequency resources) for reducing the PAPR of the transmission may be suitable for the embodiments described herein.
For example, the PRT configuration (e.g., requested) may belong to a set of PRT configurations that may have been preconfigured in the WTRU.
For example, the information for requesting the PRT configuration may include an indication (e.g., any of an index, an identifier) of the requested PRT configuration.
For example, the WTRU may transmit SRS along with information for requesting a PRT configuration.
For example, the SRS (e.g., transmitted) may indicate the requested PRT configuration.
For example, SRS may be transmitted in SRS resources that may indicate (e.g., allow identification of) the requested PRT configuration.
For example, the requested PRT configuration may be determined by the WTRU based on any of an amount of resources for UL transmissions, an available power headroom, a transmit power level in a previous UL transmission, WTRU capabilities, a power level, a measurement of a reference signal, a received transmit power control command, a type of UL transmission, an operating band, a target block error rate for UL transmissions.
For example, the information may include assistance information for assisting the network element in selecting the PRT configuration.
For example, the assistance information may include power offsets between the power used to transmit the PRT signal and the UL transmission, respectively.
For example, an indication of frequency resources to be used for transmitting the PRT signal may be received in either of the DCI and the RRC configuration message.
For example, the PRT signal may be based on UL transmission for minimizing PAPR of the sum of the PRT signal and UL transmission.
For example, a cubic metric of the PRT signal may be obtained (e.g., generated) to minimize the sum of the PRT signal and UL transmissions.
For example, the WTRU may transmit a PHR, which may include a first PH value calculated using a first (e.g., normal) PCmax value and a second PH value calculated using a second PCmax value, which may correspond to a configuration of the transmitted PRT signal.
For example, the WTRU may transmit the difference between the first PCmax value and the second PCmax value.
For example, the WTRU may transmit a difference between the first PH and the second PH.
For example, transmitting the PRT signal may include (1) generating a number M of PRT symbols from a number N of data symbols, (2) mapping the M PRT symbols to a first set of Resource Elements (REs), (3) mapping the N data symbols to a second set of REs, wherein if a ratio R (where r=m/N) is above a threshold, the WTRU may use rate matching to generate the N data symbols and map the N data symbols to REs, and if R is below the threshold, the WTRU may use puncturing to generate the N data symbols and map the N data symbols to REs.
For example, the WTRU may transmit an indication of whether rate matching or puncturing is used to transmit the PRT.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method 600 for enabling tone reservation. For example, the method may be implemented in a WTRU.
According to an embodiment, in step 610, tone Reservation (TR) configuration information may be received, wherein the TR configuration information may indicate a set of TR configurations. For example, the TR configuration information may include a set of TR configuration information elements, where (e.g., each) TR configuration information element may be associated with a TR configuration in the set of TR configurations. For example, the (e.g., each) TR configuration information element may include information indicating the associated TR configuration (e.g., parameters as described in any of the embodiments described herein).
According to an embodiment, a Power Headroom (PH) may be determined for the first uplink grant in step 620.
According to an embodiment, in step 630, a first TR configuration may be selected from the indicated set of TR configurations. For example, the first TR configuration may be selected based on any of the first uplink grant and the determined PH. In another example, the first TR configuration may be selected based on, for example, any of the downlink RS measurements, the number N of (e.g., consecutive) received TPC commands, and a target BLER for uplink transmissions. Any other examples of criteria for selecting (e.g., requesting) the first TR configuration may be applied to the embodiments described herein.
According to an embodiment, in step 640, first information indicating the selected first TR configuration may be transmitted. According to an embodiment, in step 650, second information indicating a second TR configuration of the indicated set of TR configurations may be received.
According to an embodiment, in step 660, a second uplink grant may be received.
According to an embodiment, in step 670, the WTRU may transmit information including: (1) Data transmissions according to a second uplink grant at a first power level, and (2) TR transmissions, wherein the TR transmissions may be transmitted in frequency resources determined according to a second TR configuration, and wherein the TR transmissions may be transmitted at a second power level determined based on the first power level and a power offset associated with the second TR configuration.
For example, the method 600 may further include receiving first uplink grant information associated with a first uplink grant, the first uplink grant information indicating any one of: (1) A Resource Block (RB) allocation and (2) a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), wherein the selection of the first TR configuration may be according to any one of the RB allocation and the MCS.
For example, the first TR configuration may be selected under any of the following conditions: (1) the path loss is less than a first threshold, (2) the transmit power is at a maximum power level for a configured period of time, and (3) the PH is less than a second threshold.
For example, TR configuration information indicating the second TR configuration (e.g., TR configuration information elements associated with the second TR configuration) may indicate any of: (1) a number of RBs reserved for TR transmission, (2) a power offset between a first power level to be used for data transmission and a second power level to be used for TR transmission, (3) a location of the reserved RBs associated with any of a bandwidth portion (BWP) and a Carrier Component (CC), (4) any of at least one subframe and at least one slot to which a second TR configuration may be applied, (5) any of a period and offset to which a second TR configuration may be applied, (6) a subcarrier spacing, (7) any of a BWP index and a CC index, (8) a method of generating TR transmission, (9) a density indication indicating whether TR transmission is continuous or discontinuous with data transmission, (10) a transmit power control step, and (11) a precoder ratio.
The TR configuration information may be received, for example, in any one of Downlink Control Information (DCI) and a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.
For example, the selection of the first TR configuration may be based on any of a transmit power level of a previous data transmission, WTRU capabilities, power level, measurement of a reference signal, received transmit power control commands, type of data transmission, operating frequency band, target block error rate for the data transmission, and frequency allocation of the first uplink grant.
For example, transmitting first information indicating the selected first TR configuration may include transmitting a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).
For example, method 600 can further include receiving SRS configuration information indicating that the first TR configuration can be associated with any of the SRS and the at least one SRS resource. For example, the SRS configuration information may be received as any one of a part of (e.g., included in) and separate from (e.g., independent of) the TR configuration information.
For example, the transmitted SRS associated with the first TR configuration may indicate that the first TR configuration may have been selected.
For example, the transmitted SRS may indicate that the first TR configuration may have been selected under the condition that the SRS is transmitted in at least one SRS resource associated with the first TR configuration.
For example, the first information indicating the selected first TR configuration may be transmitted in any one of a MAC CE, UCI, and RRC message.
For example, the method 600 may further include: first information indicating the selected first TR configuration is multiplexed with UCI on the PUCCH, wherein the UCI may include any one of SR information, HARQ-ACK feedback information, and CSI.
For example, the method 600 may further include: first information indicating the selected first TR configuration is multiplexed with UCI on PUSCH.
For example, the first information indicating the selected first TR configuration may be transmitted based on any one of the first uplink grant and the further uplink grant.
For example, the method 600 may further include: a Power Headroom Report (PHR) is transmitted including power information associated with a transition from the current TR configuration to the selected first TR configuration.
For example, the power information may indicate any of the following: (1) a first PH value calculated using a first configured maximum output power (PCmax) value corresponding to the current TR configuration, (2) a second PH value calculated using a second PCmax value corresponding to the selected first TR configuration, (3) a first difference value calculated using a difference between the first PCmax value and the second PCmax value, and (4) a second difference value calculated using a difference between the first PH value and the second PH value.
For example, transmitting the TR transmission may include generating a first number M of TR symbols from a second number N of data symbols, the M TR symbols being associated with a first set of Resource Elements (REs) and the N data symbols being associated with a second set of REs, wherein the generating of the N data symbols may include any of rate matching and puncturing the N data symbols based on any of (1) a ratio R of M to N and (2) M.
For example, the method 600 may further include transmitting: an indication of whether rate matching or puncturing has been used to transmit TR transmissions.
TR transmissions may be performed, for example, in a manner that minimizes any of the following: (1) a cubic metric of the sum of TR transmissions and data transmissions; and (2) a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the sum of the TR transmission and the data transmission.
According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive TR configuration information indicating a set of TR configurations. For example, the TR configuration information may include SRS association information indicating that at least one TR configuration may be associated with any of the at least one SRS and the at least one SRS resource. For example, the WTRU may select the first TR configuration according to any of the embodiments described herein, and may transmit an indication of the selected first TR configuration by either transmitting at least one SRS associated with the first TR configuration and transmitting (e.g., transmitting) in at least one SRS resource associated with the first TR configuration.
According to an embodiment, a WTRU may receive TR configuration information indicating a set of TR configurations. For example, the TR configuration may be selected from the indicated set of TR configurations. For example, the WTRU may transmit information including: (1) Data transmissions according to an uplink grant at a first power level, and (2) TR transmissions, wherein the TR transmissions may be transmitted in frequency resources determined according to a selected TR configuration, and wherein the TR transmissions may be transmitted at a second power level determined based on the first power level and a power offset associated with the selected TR configuration.
In a first example, the first TR configuration may be selected by the WTRU from the indicated set of TR configurations based on any criteria described herein. The first information indicating the first TR configuration may be transmitted (e.g., to the gNB). Second information indicating a second TR configuration may be received (e.g., from the gNB). The second TR configuration may correspond to the selected TR configuration (e.g., for performing TR transmissions).
In a second example, the capability information may be transmitted by the WTRU (e.g., to the gNB). The capability information may indicate capabilities of the WTRU to enable TR operation (e.g., autonomously). For example, first uplink grant information associated with a first uplink grant may be received. The first uplink grant information may indicate that the WTRU may enable TR operation (e.g., perform TR transmissions as described herein). For example, the WTRU may transmit UCI indicating any of the (e.g., autonomously) selected TR configuration and frequency resources for TR transmission.
Conclusion(s)
Although the features and elements are described above in particular combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. Additionally, the methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of computer readable media include electronic signals (transmitted over a wired or wireless connection) and computer readable storage media. Examples of computer readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media (such as internal hard disks and removable disks), magneto-optical media, and optical media (such as CD-ROM disks and Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs)). A processor associated with the software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.
Although not explicitly described, embodiments of the invention may be employed in any combination or sub-combination. For example, the principles of the invention are not limited to the described variations and any arrangement of variations and embodiments may be used.
Moreover, any feature, variation, or embodiment described for a method is compatible with: an apparatus comprising means for processing elements of the disclosed methods, an apparatus comprising a processor configured to process the disclosed methods, a computer program product comprising program code instructions, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing program instructions.
Although the features and elements are described above in particular combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. Additionally, the methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of non-transitory computer readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks and Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs). A processor associated with the software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for the WTRU 102, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.
Furthermore, in the above embodiments, processing platforms, computing systems, controllers, and other devices including processors are indicated. These devices may include at least one central processing unit ("CPU") and memory. References to actions and symbolic representations of operations or instructions may be performed by various CPUs and memories in accordance with practices of persons skilled in the art of computer programming. Such acts and operations, or instructions, may be considered to be "executing," computer-executed, "or" CPU-executed.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the acts and symbolically represented operations or instructions include the manipulation of electrical signals by the CPU. The electrical system represents data bits that may result in a final transformation of the electrical signal or a reduction of the electrical signal and a retention of the data bits at memory locations in the memory system, thereby reconfiguring or otherwise altering the operation of the CPU and performing other processing of the signal. The memory location holding the data bit is a physical location having a particular electrical, magnetic, optical, or organic attribute corresponding to or representing the data bit. It should be understood that the representative embodiments are not limited to the above-described platforms or CPUs, and that other platforms and CPUs may also support the provided methods.
The data bits may also be maintained on computer readable media including magnetic disks, optical disks, and any other volatile (e.g., random access memory ("RAM")) or non-volatile (e.g., read only memory ("ROM")) mass storage system readable by the CPU. The computer readable media may comprise cooperating or interconnected computer readable media that reside exclusively on the processing system or are distributed among a plurality of interconnected processing systems, which may be local or remote relative to the processing system. It should be understood that the representative embodiments are not limited to the above-described memories, and that other platforms and memories may support the described methods.
In an exemplary embodiment, any of the operations, processes, etc. described herein may be implemented as computer readable instructions stored on a computer readable medium. The computer readable instructions may be executed by a processor of the mobile unit, the network element, and/or any other computing device.
There is little distinction between hardware implementations and software implementations of aspects of the system. The use of hardware or software is typically (e.g., but not always, because in some contexts the choice between hardware and software may become important) a design choice representing a tradeoff between cost and efficiency. There may be various media (e.g., hardware, software, and/or firmware) that may implement the processes and/or systems and/or other techniques described herein, and the preferred media may vary with the context in which the processes and/or systems and/or other techniques are deployed. For example, if the implementer determines that speed and accuracy are paramount, the implementer may opt for a medium of mainly hardware and/or firmware. If flexibility is paramount, the implementer may opt for a particular implementation of mainly software. Alternatively, the implementer may opt for some combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware.
The foregoing detailed description has set forth various embodiments of the devices and/or processes via the use of block diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples. Where such block diagrams, flowcharts, and/or examples contain one or more functions and/or operations, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that each function and/or operation within such block diagrams, flowcharts, or examples can be implemented, individually and/or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware, or virtually any combination thereof. Suitable processors include, by way of example, a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of Integrated Circuit (IC), and/or a state machine.
Although features and elements are provided above in particular combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. The present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described in this patent application, which are intended as illustrations of various aspects. Many modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. No element, act, or instruction used in the description of the present application should be construed as critical or essential to the invention unless explicitly described as such. Functionally equivalent methods and apparatus, other than those enumerated herein, which are within the scope of the present disclosure, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to a particular method or system.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the terms "station" and its abbreviation "STA", "user equipment" and its abbreviation "UE" may mean, as referred to herein: (i) A wireless transmit and/or receive unit (WTRU), such as described below; (ii) Any of several embodiments of the WTRU, such as those described below; (iii) Devices with wireless capabilities and/or with wired capabilities (e.g., tethered) are configured with some or all of the structure and functionality of a WTRU, in particular, such as described below; (iii) A wireless-capable and/or wireline-capable device may be configured with less than all of the structure and functionality of a WTRU, such as described below; or (iv) etc. Details of an exemplary WTRU that may represent any of the UEs described herein are provided below with respect to fig. 1A-1D.
In certain representative implementations, portions of the subject matter described herein can be implemented via an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and/or other integrated format. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, in whole or in part, can be equivalently implemented in integrated circuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or more computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more processors (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors), as firmware, or as virtually any combination thereof, and that designing the circuitry and/or writing the code for the software and/or firmware would be well within the skill of one of skill in the art in light of this disclosure. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms of the subject matter described herein are capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that an illustrative embodiment of the subject matter described herein applies regardless of the particular type of signal bearing media used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of signal bearing media include, but are not limited to, the following: recordable type media (such as floppy disks, hard disk drives, CDs, DVDs, digital tapes, computer memory, etc.); and transmission type media such as digital and/or analog communications media (e.g., fiber optic cable, waveguide, wired communications link, wireless communications link, etc.).
The subject matter described herein sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality is achieved. Thus, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being "operably connected," or "operably coupled," to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably couplable," to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include, but are not limited to, physically mateable and/or physically interactable components and/or wirelessly interactable components and/or logically interactable components.
With respect to substantially any plural and/or singular terms used herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. For clarity, various singular/plural permutations may be explicitly listed herein.
It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "comprising" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those with skill in the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, where only one item is contemplated, the term "single" or similar language may be used. To facilitate understanding, the following appended claims and/or the description herein may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation object by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation object to embodiments containing only one such recitation object. Even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"). The same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations).
In addition, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction has the meaning that one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction has the meaning that one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B or C" would include but not be limited to systems having a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B and C together, etc.). It should also be understood by those within the art that virtually any separate word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the specification, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "a or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "a" or "B" or "a and B". In addition, as used herein, the term "…" followed by listing a plurality of items and/or a plurality of item categories is intended to include items and/or item categories "any one of", "any combination of", "any multiple of" and/or any combination of multiples of "alone or in combination with other items and/or other item categories. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "group" or "group" is intended to include any number of items, including zero. In addition, as used herein, the term "number" is intended to include any number, including zero.
Additionally, where features or aspects of the disclosure are described in terms of markush groups, those skilled in the art will recognize thereby that the disclosure is also described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the markush group.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, for any and all purposes (such as in terms of providing a written description), all ranges disclosed herein also encompass any and all possible sub-ranges and combinations of sub-ranges thereof. Any listed range can be readily identified as sufficiently descriptive and so that the same range can be divided into at least equal halves, thirds, quarters, fifths, tenths, etc. As a non-limiting example, each range discussed herein can be readily divided into a lower third, a middle third, an upper third, and the like. As will also be understood by those skilled in the art, all language such as "up to", "at least", "greater than", "less than", etc., include the recited numbers and refer to ranges that may be subsequently divided into sub-ranges as described above. Finally, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the scope includes each individual number. Thus, for example, a group having 1 to 3 units refers to a group having 1, 2, or 3 units. Similarly, a group having 1 to 5 units refers to a group having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 units, or the like.
Furthermore, the claims should not be read as limited to the order or elements provided, unless stated to that effect. In addition, use of the term "means for …" in any claim is intended to invoke 35U.S. C. ≡112,6 or device plus function claims format, and any claims without the term "device for …" are not intended to be so.
A processor associated with the software may be used to implement the use of a radio frequency transceiver in a Wireless Transmit Receive Unit (WTRU), a User Equipment (UE), a terminal, a base station, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) or an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or any host. The WTRU may be used in combination with a module, and may be implemented in hardware and/or software including: software Defined Radio (SDR) and other components such as cameras, video camera modules, video phones, speakerphones, vibration devices, speakers, microphones, television transceivers, hands-free headsets, keyboards, and the like,Module, frequency Modulation (FM) radio unit, near-fieldA field communication (NFC) module, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display unit, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an internet browser, and/or any Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) or Ultra Wideband (UWB) module.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of a communication system, it is contemplated that the system may be implemented in software on a microprocessor/general purpose computer (not shown). In some embodiments, one or more of the functions of the various components may be implemented in software that controls a general purpose computer.
In addition, while the invention is illustrated and described herein with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the details shown. Rather, various modifications may be made in the details within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims and without departing from the invention.
Throughout this disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain representative embodiments can be used in alternative forms or in combination with other representative embodiments.
Although the features and elements are described above in particular combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. Additionally, the methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of non-transitory computer readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical media, and optical media such as CD-ROM disks and Digital Versatile Disks (DVDs). A processor associated with the software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host computer.
Furthermore, in the above embodiments, processing platforms, computing systems, controllers, and other devices including processors are indicated. These devices may include at least one central processing unit ("CPU") and memory. References to actions and symbolic representations of operations or instructions may be performed by various CPUs and memories in accordance with practices of persons skilled in the art of computer programming. Such acts and operations, or instructions, may be considered to be "executing," computer-executed, "or" CPU-executed.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the acts and symbolically represented operations or instructions include the manipulation of electrical signals by the CPU. The electrical system represents data bits that may result in a final transformation of the electrical signal or a reduction of the electrical signal and a retention of the data bits at memory locations in the memory system, thereby reconfiguring or otherwise altering the operation of the CPU and performing other processing of the signal. The memory location holding the data bit is a physical location having a particular electrical, magnetic, optical, or organic attribute corresponding to or representing the data bit.
The data bits may also be maintained on computer readable media including magnetic disks, optical disks, and any other volatile (e.g., random access memory ("RAM")) or non-volatile (e.g., read only memory ("ROM")) mass storage system readable by the CPU. The computer readable media may comprise cooperating or interconnected computer readable media that reside exclusively on the processing system or are distributed among a plurality of interconnected processing systems, which may be local or remote relative to the processing system. It should be understood that the representative embodiments are not limited to the above-described memories, and that other platforms and memories may support the described methods.
Suitable processors include, by way of example, a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) circuits, any other type of Integrated Circuit (IC), and/or a state machine.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of a communication system, it is contemplated that the system may be implemented in software on a microprocessor/general purpose computer (not shown). In some embodiments, one or more of the functions of the various components may be implemented in software that controls a general purpose computer.
In addition, while the invention is illustrated and described herein with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the details shown. Rather, various modifications may be made in the details within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims and without departing from the invention.
Claims (20)
1. A method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising:
receiving Tone Reservation (TR) configuration information indicating a set of TR configurations;
Determining a Power Headroom (PH) for the first uplink grant;
selecting a first TR configuration from the indicated set of TR configurations based on any one of the first uplink grant and the determined PH;
transmitting first information indicating the selected first TR configuration;
receiving second information indicating a second TR configuration of the indicated set of TR configurations;
receiving a second uplink grant; and
the transmitting information includes: (1) Data transmission in accordance with the second uplink grant at a first power level; and (2) a TR transmission, wherein the TR transmission is transmitted in a frequency resource determined from the second TR configuration, and wherein the TR transmission is transmitted at a second power level determined based on the first power level and a power offset associated with the second TR configuration.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving first uplink grant information associated with the first uplink grant, the first uplink grant information indicating any one of: (1) A Resource Block (RB) allocation and (2) a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS), wherein the selection of the first TR configuration is according to any one of the RB allocation and the MCS.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the first TR configuration is selected under any one of the following conditions: (1) the path loss is less than a first threshold, (2) the transmit power is at a maximum power level for a configured period of time, and (3) the PH is less than a second threshold.
4. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the TR configuration information indicating the second TR configuration indicates any of: (1) a number of RBs reserved for the TR transmission, (2) a power offset between the first power level to be used for the data transmission and the second power level to be used for the TR transmission, (3) a location of the reserved RBs associated with any of a bandwidth portion (BWP) and a Carrier Component (CC), (4) any of at least one subframe and at least one slot to which the second TR configuration is applied, (5) any of a period and an offset to which the second TR configuration is applied, (6) a subcarrier spacing, (7) any of a BWP index and a CC index,
(8) A method of generating the TR transmission, (9) a density indication indicating whether the TR transmission is continuous or discontinuous with the data transmission, (10) a transmit power control step size, and (11) a precoder ratio.
5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein the TR configuration information is received in any of Downlink Control Information (DCI) and a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.
6. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein the selection of the first TR configuration is based on any of a transmit power level of a previous data transmission, WTRU capabilities, power class, measurement of a reference signal, received transmit power control command, type of data transmission, operating frequency band, target block error rate for the data transmission, and frequency allocation of the first uplink grant.
7. The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein transmitting the first information indicative of the selected first TR configuration comprises transmitting a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: SRS configuration information indicating that the first TR configuration is associated with any of the SRS and at least one SRS resource is received.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the transmitted SRS associated with the first TR configuration indicates that the first TR configuration has been selected.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the transmitted SRS indicates that the first TR configuration has been selected on condition that the SRS is transmitted in the at least one SRS resource associated with the first TR configuration.
11. The method of any of claims 1-10, wherein the first information indicative of the selected first TR configuration is transmitted in any of a Medium Access Control (MAC) control element, uplink Control Information (UCI), and RRC message.
12. The method of any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: multiplexing the first information indicating the selected first TR configuration with UCI on a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), wherein the UCI includes any one of Scheduling Request (SR) information, hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback information, and Channel State Information (CSI).
13. The method of any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: the first information indicating the selected first TR configuration is multiplexed with UCI on a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).
14. The method of any of claims 1-13, wherein the first information indicative of the selected first TR configuration is transmitted based on any of the first uplink grant and another uplink grant.
15. The method of any of claims 1-14, further comprising transmitting a Power Headroom Report (PHR) comprising power information associated with a transition from a current TR configuration to the selected first TR configuration.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the power information indicates any of: (1) a first PH value calculated using a first configured maximum output power (PCmax) value corresponding to the current TR configuration, (2) a second PH value calculated using a second PCmax value corresponding to the selected first TR configuration, (3) a first difference value calculated using a difference between the first PCmax value and the second PCmax value, and (4) a second difference value calculated using a difference between the first PH value and the second PH value.
17. The method of any of claims 1-16, wherein transmitting the TR transmission comprises:
generating a first number M of TR symbols from the second number N of data symbols;
the M TR symbols are associated with a first set of Resource Elements (REs) and the N data symbols are associated with a second set of REs;
wherein the generating of the N data symbols includes any one of rate matching and puncturing the N data symbols based on any one of (1) a ratio R of M to N, and (2) M.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: an indication of whether rate matching or puncturing is used to transmit the TR transmission.
19. The method of any of claims 1-18, wherein the TR transmission is performed in a manner that minimizes any of: (1) A cubic metric of a sum of the TR transmission and the data transmission, and (2) a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the sum of the TR transmission and the data transmission.
20. An apparatus comprising circuitry, the apparatus comprising any of a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a memory, the apparatus configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-19.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63/091,344 | 2020-10-14 | ||
| US202163228724P | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | |
| US63/228,724 | 2021-08-03 | ||
| PCT/US2021/054801 WO2022081722A1 (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2021-10-13 | Methods, apparatuses directed to enabling tone reservations in wireless systems |
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| CN116530150A true CN116530150A (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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| CN202180076451.1A Pending CN116530150A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2021-10-13 | Method and apparatus for enabling tone reservation in a wireless system |
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