CN116526277A - Preparation method of saturated absorber, saturated absorber and short-cavity tunable laser - Google Patents
Preparation method of saturated absorber, saturated absorber and short-cavity tunable laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN116526277A CN116526277A CN202310781173.0A CN202310781173A CN116526277A CN 116526277 A CN116526277 A CN 116526277A CN 202310781173 A CN202310781173 A CN 202310781173A CN 116526277 A CN116526277 A CN 116526277A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1123—Q-switching
- H01S3/113—Q-switching using intracavity saturable absorbers
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunable lasers, in particular to a preparation method of a saturated absorber, the saturated absorber and a short-cavity tunable laser. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: attaching a carbon nanomaterial coating form on the end face of the bare optical fiber of the first optical fiber; and attaching the matching glue to the end face of the bare fiber of the single-mode fiber of the second fiber in a coating mode, arranging the end of the active fiber coated with the carbon nano material and the end of the single-mode fiber coated with the matching glue close to each other, and packaging the two close ends through a cold connector to obtain the required saturated absorber. In this embodiment, the saturated absorber manufactured by the method for manufacturing the saturated absorber can ensure that the combination of the carbon nanomaterial and the optical fiber is stable, effectively solve the problem of overlarge insertion loss value, and simultaneously ensure that the packaged saturated absorber is more reliable and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunable lasers, in particular to a preparation method of a saturated absorber, the saturated absorber and a short-cavity tunable laser.
Background
Conventional pulse period tunable lasers are often referred to as active tunable lasers by adding an electro-optical modulator, an acousto-optic modulator, within the laser cavity, but such modulators tend to be expensive. Therefore, methods that seek low cost pulse period tunable lasers are particularly important to the industry. With the increasing demand for ultra-short pulse period tunable lasers, low-cost passive pulse period tunable lasers have attracted much attention from many enterprises, and especially in recent years, the core device of such pulse tunable lasers is a saturated absorber for passive Q-switching or mode locking. The most widely used saturated absorbers in the market at present are mainly semiconductor saturated absorbers. The current low-cost saturated absorber is mainly a carbon-based saturated absorber, such as graphene, graphene-like and carbon nano-tube.
In the process of realizing the invention, the inventor discovers that: at present, compared with graphene and graphene-like saturated absorbers, carbon nanotubes, particularly short nanotubes (with the length smaller than 2 um), are easy to fuse with optical fibers to manufacture into a compact carbon nanotube saturated absorber, and meanwhile, the compact carbon nanotube saturated absorber can be combined with active optical fibers to form a short-cavity laser structure, so that the compact carbon nanotube saturated absorber has great advantages. However, the existing technology cannot repeatedly and efficiently solve the problem of combining the carbon nanotubes and the optical fibers, and meanwhile, the existing assembly structure of the saturated absorber is not compact enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a method of manufacturing a saturated absorber, a saturated absorber and a short cavity tunable laser which overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a saturable absorber, including the steps of:
placing the carbon nano tube in an alcohol solution, adding the alcohol solution into an ultrasonic water solution, and keeping ultrasonic operation for a period of time to obtain a carbon nano tube solution;
placing one end of the first optical fiber with the bare optical fiber into a carbon nano tube solution, and keeping for a certain time to enable the end face of the optical fiber of the bare optical fiber to be provided with a carbon plating layer, so as to obtain a coated first optical fiber;
placing one end of the second optical fiber with the bare optical fiber into the matching glue, and keeping for a certain time to enable the bare optical fiber to have the matching glue layer, so as to obtain a coated second optical fiber;
and placing one end of the first optical fiber, which is provided with the carbon plating layer, and one end of the second optical fiber, which is provided with the matching glue, into a cold joint structure, adjusting the distance between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, controlling the insertion loss value between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber within a specified range, and fixing through the cold joint structure to obtain the saturated absorber.
Further, in the process of obtaining the carbon nanotube solution, the required alcohol solution has a purity of >99.5%, and the ultrasonic working time is controlled to be 15-25 minutes.
Further, the placing the end of the first optical fiber with the bare optical fiber into the carbon nanotube dissolving solution specifically includes the following steps: and one end of the first optical fiber, which is far away from the bare optical fiber, is connected with a laser source through a single-mode optical fiber, and a first optical fiber Bragg grating is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber, and when the end face of the bare optical fiber is inserted into the carbon nano tube dissolving liquid, the laser source irradiates laser onto the end face of the bare optical fiber of the first optical fiber.
Further, in the process of obtaining the first optical fiber with the coating layer, the time for placing the end face of the first optical fiber, which remains the bare optical fiber, into the carbon nano tube solution is controlled to be 3-6 minutes.
Further, a second fiber bragg grating is arranged on the second optical fiber, and an optical power meter is arranged at one end, far away from the first optical fiber, of the second optical fiber and used for detecting the insertion loss value.
Further, the first optical fiber is an active optical fiber, and the second optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a saturated absorber comprising:
the end head of the second optical fiber is plated with matching glue;
a first optical fiber mounted adjacent to the end of the second optical fiber having the matching glue, the end of the first optical fiber adjacent to the second optical fiber being coated with a layer of saturated absorber material;
and the cold connection structure is arranged at the joint of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber and is used for packaging the joint of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.
Further, the cold joint structure is a shell structure, and a cavity is formed in the cold joint structure.
Further, the cold joint structure is provided with a quick joint structure, and the quick joint structure comprises a clamping structure and a threaded connection structure.
Further, the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are respectively provided with a first fiber Bragg grating and a second fiber Bragg grating.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a short cavity tunable laser comprising a saturated absorber as defined in any one of the preceding claims;
a WDM wavelength division multiplexer connected with the saturated absorber;
the pumping laser is connected with the WDM wavelength division multiplexer and used for providing a laser source;
the coupler is connected with the WDM wavelength division multiplexer and is used for receiving the reflected laser;
the spectrometer is connected with the coupler and is used for detecting the laser wavelength change passing through the coupler; the method comprises the steps of,
and the photoelectric detector is connected with the coupler and is used for detecting the laser pulse change passing through the coupler.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a saturated absorber, the saturated absorber and a short-cavity tunable laser. In this embodiment, the saturated absorber manufactured by the method for manufacturing the saturated absorber can ensure that the combination of the carbon nanomaterial and the optical fiber is stable, effectively solve the problem of overlarge insertion loss value, and simultaneously ensure that the packaged saturated absorber is more reliable and stable.
In the embodiment, the carbon nano material film is attached to the first optical fiber to complete the combination of the carbon nano tube and the active optical fiber, so that the combination stability of the saturated absorber and the optical fiber is ensured; and then attaching the matching glue to the single-mode optical fiber of the second optical fiber in a coating mode, arranging the end head of the active optical fiber coated with the carbon nano material and the end head of the single-mode optical fiber coated with the matching glue close to each other, and packaging the two close end heads through a cold connector to obtain the required saturated absorber. The cold connector for packaging in the embodiment improves the reliability of the saturated absorber, the insertion loss can be effectively reduced due to perfect matching of the refractive index of the matching glue, the heat loss of the carbon nano tube can be effectively reduced due to the heat dissipation function of the matching glue, and the laser output with tunable wavelength and pulse can be realized due to the design of the short-cavity laser cavity of the saturated absorber.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an active optical fiber coated with carbon nanotubes of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a distribution physical diagram of the end face of a bare fiber after an active fiber is plated with a carbon nanotube;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a saturated absorber of the present invention after encapsulation;
FIG. 4 is a physical view of the saturated absorbent body of the present invention after encapsulation;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of real-time measurement of insertion loss values during packaging according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a short cavity tunable laser of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing pulse periods generated at power of 33mW and 77mW for pump light according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing pulses generated at pump powers of 121mW and 152mW according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a plot of tunable laser wavelength output for the pump power of the present invention at 77 mW.
The figures indicate:
10. a saturated absorber; 11. a first fiber Bragg grating; 12. a second fiber Bragg grating;
101. a second optical fiber; 102. matching glue; 103. a cold junction; 104. a first optical fiber; 105. a single mode optical fiber;
20. a WDM wavelength division multiplexer;
30. a pump laser; 31. a laser;
40. a coupler; 50. a spectrometer; 60. a photodetector; 70. an optical power meter; 80. carbon nanotube solution.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the embodiment of the invention, a saturated absorber 10 is provided, the saturated absorber 10 is used for a short cavity tunable laser, and when the short cavity tunable laser modulates the generated pulse, the saturated absorber 10 is introduced into the laser cavity, and the saturated absorber 10 is used for realizing the pulse modulation. The short cavity laser cavity design of the present saturated absorber 10 allows wavelength and pulse tunable laser output.
In an embodiment, the method for manufacturing the saturable absorber 10 may include the following specific steps:
step 1: placing carbon nanotubes in an alcohol solution, adding the alcohol solution into an ultrasonic wave water solution, and keeping ultrasonic wave working for a period of time to obtain a carbon nanotube solution 80;
in the embodiment, the nanotube is placed into the alcohol, then the container for containing the alcohol solution is placed into the solution with ultrasonic waves, and the carbon nanotube is uniformly dissolved into the alcohol solution through the ultrasonic waves, so that the carbon nanotube can be effectively and rapidly and uniformly dissolved into the alcohol solution.
Step 2: placing one end of the first optical fiber 104 with the bare optical fiber into the carbon nano tube solution 80, and keeping for a certain time to enable the end face of the optical fiber of the bare optical fiber to be provided with a carbon plating layer, so as to obtain a coated first optical fiber;
in an embodiment, the step of obtaining the bare optical fiber includes: the wire stripper strips off the coating layer of the polymer at one end of the first optical fiber 104 so that the end exposes the bare optical fiber, then cuts the end face of the bare optical fiber flat with the optical fiber cutter, ensures that the end face of the bare optical fiber is planar, and can realize the attachment of the required material layer on the end face of the bare optical fiber. In the embodiment, the carbon nanotube layer is plated on the first optical fiber 104, so that the end face of the bare optical fiber exposed by the first optical fiber 104 is required to be ensured to be a plane, and stable combination of the end face of the bare optical fiber and the carbon nanomaterial can be ensured.
The existing saturated absorber 10 of carbon nanotubes is difficult to realize perfect combination of carbon nanotubes and optical fibers, and in the embodiment, the exposed end face of the bare optical fiber is placed in an alcohol solution in which the carbon nanotubes are dissolved, so that the carbon nanotubes can be ensured to be stably covered on the end face of the bare optical fiber, the problem that the combination of the carbon nanotubes and the carbon nanotubes is unstable in the prior art is solved, the perfect combination of the carbon nanotubes and the end face of the bare optical fiber is realized, the stability of the saturated absorber 10 is ensured, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment, the optical fiber is a communication cable, and the inside of the optical fiber is composed of two or more optical fiber cores made of glass or plastic, that is, bare optical fibers, and the outside of the bare optical fibers is provided with a protective coating layer, and the coating layer may be a plastic PVC coating layer, a polymer coating layer or other material coating layers.
In the embodiment, when the bare optical fiber is specifically manufactured, the coating layer is required to be removed and reserved, the active optical fiber with the coating layer is stripped by adopting a wire stripper to obtain the bare optical fiber, in order to enable the carbon nano tube to be attached to the bare optical fiber, the end face of the bare optical fiber is required to be leveled into a plane, the embodiment only uses the optical fiber cutting knife to level the end face of the bare optical fiber, the length of the bare optical fiber is controlled to be 1-1.5 cm, and the length can be changed according to actual operation. Step 3:
placing one end of the second optical fiber 101 with the bare optical fiber into the matching glue, and keeping for a certain time to enable the bare optical fiber to have a matching glue 102 layer, so as to obtain a coated second optical fiber;
in an embodiment, the coating layer needs to be removed to reserve the bare optical fiber, the outer polymer coating layer at one end of the second optical fiber is stripped by a wire stripper to obtain the bare optical fiber, and then the end face of the bare optical fiber is cut flat by a fiber cutter, so that the end face of the bare optical fiber with the second optical fiber 101 is plated with a required material layer, and the end face of the bare optical fiber with the second optical fiber is stably combined with the matching glue 102.
Because the current saturated absorber inserts and loses the value still relatively high, and the heat dissipation of the saturated absorber of carbon nanotube is relatively poor simultaneously, causes thermal damage easily, the embodiment is through placing naked bare optical fiber in the matching glue 102, the surface of bare optical fiber that is plated one deck matching glue film, can reduce the value of inserting and damaging through matching glue 102, simultaneously because matching glue 102 has better heat dissipation function, can be effectual with the even giving off of heat on the carbon nanotube to can effectively reduce the thermal damage of carbon nanotube.
During specific manufacturing, the single-mode fiber with the coating layer is stripped by utilizing a wire stripper to obtain the bare fiber, then the end face of the bare fiber is cut flat by using a fiber cutting knife, and the length of the bare fiber is controlled to be 1-1.5 cm.
Step 4: placing one end of the first optical fiber 104 with the carbon plating layer and one end of the second optical fiber 101 with the matching glue 102 into a cold junction structure, adjusting the distance between the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101, controlling the insertion loss value between the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101 to be 2.5dB-4dB in a specified range, and fixing through the cold junction structure to obtain the saturated absorber 10 device.
It should be noted that, the cold junction structure in this embodiment is a cold junction for communication, which is used for optical fiber butt-jointing optical fibers or optical fiber butt-jointing pigtails, that is, making a joint (optical fiber butt-jointing pigtails refer to butt jointing of optical fibers with cores of pigtails instead of pigtail heads in the former), and is also called an optical fiber cold junction. The optical fiber cold connector is used when two tail fibers are in butt joint, the main component in the optical fiber cold connector is a precise v-shaped groove, and the butt joint of the two tail fibers is realized by using the cold connector after the two tail fibers are dialed. He is operated more simply and quickly and saves time compared with welding with a welding machine. The first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101 can be connected quickly by the cold junction, and the reliability of connection is ensured.
The existing saturated absorption packaging structure is complex, and the problem of difficult installation is solved, the cold connector 103 structure is adopted for packaging, the packaging stability is effectively improved, the reliability of the saturated absorber 10 is ensured, and meanwhile, the packaging of two optical fibers is simpler. In actual use, the end of the first optical fiber 104 coated with the carbon nanomaterial and the end of the second optical fiber coated with the matching glue 102 are inserted into the cold connector 103, the distance between the second optical fiber and the first optical fiber 104 is changed by adjusting the second optical fiber 101, the insertion loss value is detected by the detection equipment, and when the insertion loss value reaches a specified range, the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101 in the state are packaged by the cold connector 103, so that the saturated absorber 10 is obtained.
In this embodiment, the saturated absorber 10 manufactured by the above manufacturing steps can ensure stable combination of the carbon nanomaterial and the optical fiber, and also effectively solve the problem of excessive insertion loss, and the packaged saturated absorber 10 is more reliable and stable. Specifically, namely, in the form that an optical fiber passes through a coating film, the carbon nano material is better combined with the bare optical fiber, the stability of the saturated absorber 10 is ensured, the matching glue 102 is plated on the bare optical fiber of another optical fiber, the insertion loss value is reduced through the matching glue 102, and meanwhile, the matching glue 102 has a better heat dissipation function, so that the heat on the carbon nano tube can be uniformly dissipated, and the heat damage of the carbon nano tube can be effectively reduced. And the packaging structure of the cold junction 103 ensures the reliability of the packaged saturated absorber 10.
It should be noted that, although the step sequence in preparing the saturated absorbent is described in the above examples, steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 are described. It should be noted that the sequence of steps 1, 2 and 3 may be changed, so it is also within the scope of the present invention to change the sequence of steps 1, 2 and 3.
Further, in the process of obtaining the carbon nanotube solution 80, the required alcohol solution has a purity of >99.5%, and the ultrasonic working time is controlled to be 15-25 minutes.
In a specific embodiment, single-walled carbon nanotubes are placed in an alcohol solution with a purity of >99.7%, the length of the single-walled carbon nanotubes ranges from 0.5 to 2um, the diameter of the single-walled carbon nanotubes ranges from 1 to 2nm, and 0.5mg of the single-walled carbon nanotubes are placed in a beaker with a high-purity alcohol solution with a purity of >99.7% and a concentration of about 10 ml. When the ultrasonic wave is selected, an ultrasonic generator with the power of 60W and the frequency of 40kHz can be selected, and the beaker is placed into the aqueous solution provided with the ultrasonic wave generator, so that the uniform dissolution of the carbon nano tube can be accelerated by the ultrasonic wave.
Further, when the fiber end surface of the first optical fiber 104, where the bare optical fiber is kept, is placed in the carbon nanotube dissolving solution 80, the specific steps include: the first optical fiber 104 is far away from the fiber end face of the bare optical fiber, a laser source is connected through a single-mode optical fiber 105, the single-mode optical fiber 105 is provided with a first fiber Bragg grating 11, and when the end face of the bare optical fiber is inserted into the carbon nano tube dissolving liquid 80, the laser source irradiates laser onto the fiber core of the bare optical fiber end face of the first optical fiber 104.
The fiber bragg grating (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG): an all-fiber device is formed by periodically modulating its refractive index in the core of a single-mode fiber. I.e. a grating with a periodic distribution of spatial phases formed in the core, the effect of which is essentially to form a narrow band (transmissive or reflective) filter or mirror in the core. Many optical fiber devices with unique properties can be manufactured by utilizing the characteristic.
As described with reference to fig. 5, in the embodiment, one end of the first optical fiber 104, which is far away from the carbon nanomaterial to be plated, is connected to the single-mode optical fiber 105, and meanwhile, an optical fiber bragg grating is disposed on the single-mode optical fiber 105, and meanwhile, the single-mode optical fiber 105 is further connected to the laser 31, when the end face of the bare optical fiber of the first optical fiber 104 is inserted into the carbon nanotube solution 80, it is required to ensure that the laser 31 emits laser onto the end face of the bare optical fiber of the first optical fiber 104 through the single-mode optical fiber 105, so that the dissolved carbon nanomaterial can be uniformly covered on the end face of the bare optical fiber, and the combination stability of the carbon nanotube and the first optical fiber 104 is ensured.
In the embodiment, laser is beaten to the exposed bare fiber end face of the active optical fiber through the laser 31, so that thermophoresis effect can be effectively generated in the alcohol solution, the effective coating film of the carbon nano tube in the alcohol solution in the nano state is on the active optical fiber, so that the coating film can be uniformly realized, namely, the carbon nano material is uniformly distributed on the exposed bare fiber end face of the active optical fiber, perfect combination of the carbon nano tube and the active optical fiber is realized, the problem that the existing carbon nano tube and the active optical fiber are difficult to realize good combination is effectively solved, the combination of the carbon nano tube and the active optical fiber in the nano state is promoted through the laser, the combination stability is ensured, and the corresponding combination mode is more efficient and stable.
It should be noted that, the laser 31 may be 1550nm, and the power may be 4mW-5 mW.
Further, in the process of obtaining the first optical fiber 104 with the coating layer, the time for placing the end face of the first optical fiber 104 where the bare optical fiber remains in the carbon nanotube solution 80 is controlled to be 3-6 minutes.
In order to ensure that the dissolved carbon nanomaterial is uniformly covered on the first optical fiber 104, in the embodiment, when the end face of the first optical fiber 104, where the bare optical fiber is reserved, is placed in the carbon nanotube dissolving solution 80, the coating time of the first optical fiber 104 in the carbon nanotube dissolving solution 80 is effectively controlled, and in the embodiment, the time is controlled to be 3-6 minutes, so that the coating efficiency can be improved, the carbon nanomaterial can be ensured to be completely and uniformly covered on the first optical fiber 104, the coating thickness on the end face of the bare optical fiber of the first optical fiber 104 is ensured, and the problem of perfect combination of the carbon nanotubes and the active optical fiber is solved.
In actual use, the first optical fiber 104 is an active optical fiber, the active optical fiber is connected to the single-mode optical fiber 105 with the fiber Bragg grating, the power can be selected to be 4mW-5mW by using the 1550nm laser generator, the single-mode optical fiber 105 is directly beaten to the fiber core end face of the active optical fiber bare optical fiber, the fiber end face of the active optical fiber bare optical fiber is immersed into the carbon nano tube solution 80 homogenized by the ultrasonic generator, and the time is controlled to be 4-5 minutes in the process. Practical embodiments determine the length of the time according to practical requirements, such as 4.5 minutes in some embodiments; in other embodiments, the time is controlled to 5 minutes; in still other embodiments, the time is controlled to 4 minutes. Through the above operation, the carbon nanotubes will be substantially uniformly distributed on the end face of the bare optical fiber of the active optical fiber, and reference is made to fig. 2 for a physical diagram of the distribution of the amplified carbon nanotubes on the end face of the core of the active optical fiber.
Further, a second fiber bragg grating 12 is disposed on the second optical fiber 101, and an optical power meter 70 is disposed at an end of the second optical fiber 101 away from the first optical fiber 104, for detecting an insertion loss value.
The second optical fiber 101 is a single-mode optical fiber, the second optical fiber bragg grating 12 is disposed on the second optical fiber 101, and meanwhile, the end of the second optical fiber 101 is connected with the optical power meter 70, so that the insertion loss value when the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101 are packaged can be effectively detected in real time by the optical power meter 70, and the second optical fiber 101 is adjusted according to the more actual insertion loss value, so that the insertion loss value is effectively reduced.
In actual use, after the first optical fiber 104 is coated with the carbon nanomaterial, the first optical fiber 104 is an active optical fiber, and an active optical fiber with a bare fiber core coated with the carbon nanomaterial is obtained. After the bare end face of the second optical fiber 101 is soaked in the matching glue 102, the second optical fiber 101 is a single-mode optical fiber, and the single-mode optical fiber of the bare optical fiber plated with the matching glue 102 is obtained. And respectively placing one ends of the active optical fiber coated with the carbon nano material and the single-mode optical fiber coated with the matching glue 102 in two clamping grooves of the optical fiber cold connector 103, and adjusting the single-mode optical fiber with the refractive index matching glue 102 to be close to the active optical fiber until the minimum insertion loss of the optical power meter 70 is obtained, wherein the insertion loss value control range is 2.5dB-4dB. The cold junction 103 is then fixed to obtain a saturated absorber 10 with low insertion loss.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a saturated absorber 10 for a wavelength and pulse period tunable laser, comprising: a second optical fiber 101, wherein the end of the second optical fiber 101 is plated with a matching glue 102; a first optical fiber 104, wherein the first optical fiber 104 is installed near the end of the second optical fiber 101 with the matching glue 102, and the first optical fiber 104 is plated with a saturated absorber material layer near the end of the second optical fiber 101; and the cold junction structure is arranged at the joint of the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101 and is used for packaging the joint of the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101.
The carbon nanotube-based saturated absorber 10 in the present embodiment is used for a pulse laser, and when the pulse laser modulates the pulse generated by the pulse laser, the saturated absorber 10 is introduced into the laser cavity, and the pulse modulation is realized by using the saturated absorber 10. In the embodiment, the carbon nano material coating is attached to the first optical fiber 104 to complete the combination of the carbon nano tube and the active optical fiber, so that the combination stability of the saturated absorber 10 and the optical fiber is ensured; and then the matching glue 102 is attached to the single-mode optical fiber of the second optical fiber 101 in a film coating mode, the end of the active optical fiber coated with the carbon nano material and the end of the single-mode optical fiber coated with the matching glue 102 are arranged close to each other, and the two close ends are packaged through the cold connector 103 to obtain the required saturated absorber 10. In the embodiment, the cold connector 103 for packaging improves the reliability of the saturated absorber 10, the insertion loss can be effectively reduced due to perfect matching of the refractive index of the matching glue 102, the heat dissipation function of the matching glue 102 can effectively reduce the thermal damage of the carbon nano tube, and the short cavity laser cavity design of the saturated absorber 10 can realize the laser output with tunable wavelength and pulse.
In an embodiment, the saturable absorber 10 is mainly based on fusion of a carbon nanotube and an active optical fiber, and then the active optical fiber coated with the carbon nanotube and a single-mode optical fiber coated with an index matching glue 102 are reliably packaged by using a cold connector 103, so as to form the saturable absorber 10.
Further, the cold joint structure is a shell structure, and a cavity is formed in the cold joint structure.
Further, the cold joint structure is provided with a quick joint structure, and the quick joint structure comprises a clamping structure and a threaded connection structure.
Further, the first optical fiber 104 and the second optical fiber 101 are respectively provided with a first fiber bragg grating 11 and a second fiber bragg grating 12.
In the embodiment, the first fiber Bragg grating 11 and the second fiber Bragg grating 12 with the same wavelength are arranged on the left side and the right side of the desaturation absorber 10, so that a laser cavity is formed, and the laser output with tunable wavelength and pulse can be realized by the design of the short-cavity laser cavity. After the pump light enters the short-cavity laser cavity, pulse laser can be generated under the action of the saturated absorber 10, pulse width can be effectively regulated by changing pump power, and wavelength tunable laser output can be obtained by simultaneously tuning the wavelength of the two fiber Bragg gratings through temperature or stress.
Based on the same inventive concept, please refer to fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a short cavity tunable laser, which includes any one of the saturated absorber 10; a WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20, the WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20 being connected to the saturated absorber 10; a pump laser 30 connected to the WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20 for providing a laser source; a coupler 40 connected to the WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20 for receiving the reflected laser light; a spectrometer 50 connected to the coupler 40 for detecting a laser wavelength change passing through the coupler 40; and a photodetector 60 connected to the coupler 40 for detecting a change in the laser pulse passing through the coupler 40.
In actual use, the WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20 is connected to the end of the saturated absorber 10 having the first optical fiber 104, and is connected to a single-mode optical fiber 105, and the single-mode optical fiber 105 is provided with the first fiber bragg grating 11. And the laser of 1480nm is used as pumping laser, the pumping laser is incident into the short cavity laser cavity through the WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20, the reflected laser enters a 3dB optical fiber coupler 40 through the WDM wavelength division multiplexer 20 again and is split into two paths, one path is detected by a spectrometer 50 for detecting the wavelength change, and the other path enters a photoelectric detector 60 for detecting the pulse width change of the pulse laser.
The pump laser 30 may be 980nm or 1480nm, and has a power of 50-300 mW.
In a specific embodiment, the wavelengths used for the first fiber bragg grating 11 and the second fiber bragg grating 12 are 1545.04nm, the reflectivities are 92% and 94%, respectively, and the 3dB bandwidths are 0.2nm. Meanwhile, the first optical fiber 104 adopts a highly doped active erbium-doped optical fiber, the absorption rate at 1530nm is 120dB/m, the length of the active optical fiber is about 6.5cm, and the cavity length of a laser cavity between the first fiber Bragg grating 11 and the second fiber Bragg grating 12 is 10.5cm. Meanwhile, 1480nm laser may be used as the pump laser. Embodiments can obtain a laser output with tunable pulse period by changing the power of the laser, and referring to the pulse signals detected by the photodetector 60 shown in fig. 7 and 8, the pulse periods are 14.5, 80.5, 110.8 and 141.4KHz when the pump power is 30, 77, 121 and 152mW, respectively. The simultaneous heating of FBG1 and FBG2 can change the wavelength variation, and fig. 9 is a tuning chart of the output laser wavelength at a pump power of 77 mW.
Specific examples and descriptions of the beneficial effects of the method described in this embodiment may refer to the descriptions of the saturated absorber, and are not described herein.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. The present disclosure is not limited to the precise construction that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing a saturable absorber, comprising the steps of:
placing the carbon nano tube in an alcohol solution, adding the alcohol solution into an ultrasonic water solution, and keeping ultrasonic operation for a period of time to obtain a carbon nano tube solution;
placing one end of the first optical fiber with the bare optical fiber into a carbon nano tube solution, and keeping for a certain time to enable the end face of the optical fiber of the bare optical fiber to be provided with a carbon plating layer, so as to obtain a coated first optical fiber;
placing one end of the second optical fiber with the bare optical fiber into the matching glue, and keeping for a certain time to enable the bare optical fiber to have the matching glue layer, so as to obtain a coated second optical fiber;
and placing one end of the first optical fiber, which is provided with the carbon plating layer, and one end of the second optical fiber, which is provided with the matching glue, into a cold joint structure, adjusting the distance between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, controlling the insertion loss value between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber within a specified range, and fixing through the cold joint structure to obtain the saturated absorber.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol solution required for the process of obtaining the carbon nanotube solution has a purity of >99.5%, and the ultrasonic wave operation time is controlled to be 15-25 minutes.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of placing the end of the first optical fiber having the bare optical fiber into the carbon nanotube solution comprises the steps of: and one end of the first optical fiber, which is far away from the bare optical fiber, is connected with a laser source through a single-mode optical fiber, and a first optical fiber Bragg grating is arranged on the single-mode optical fiber, and when the end face of the bare optical fiber is inserted into the carbon nano tube dissolving liquid, the laser source irradiates laser onto the end face of the bare optical fiber of the first optical fiber.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the end of the first optical fiber having the bare optical fiber is placed in the carbon nanotube solution for a certain period of time controlled to be 3-6 minutes.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a second fiber bragg grating is disposed on the second optical fiber, and an optical power meter is disposed at an end of the second optical fiber remote from the first optical fiber, for detecting the insertion loss value.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first optical fiber is an active optical fiber and the second optical fiber is a single mode optical fiber.
7. A saturated absorbent body, comprising:
the end head of the second optical fiber is plated with matching glue;
a first optical fiber mounted adjacent to the end of the second optical fiber having the matching glue, the end of the first optical fiber adjacent to the second optical fiber being coated with a layer of saturated absorber material;
and the cold connection structure is arranged at the joint of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber and is used for packaging the joint of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.
8. The saturated absorber of claim 7, wherein the cold junction structure is a shell structure having a cavity therein.
9. The saturated absorber of claim 7, wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are provided with a first fiber bragg grating and a second fiber bragg grating, respectively.
10. A short cavity tunable laser, characterized in that the short cavity tunable laser comprises a saturated absorber according to any of claims 7-9;
a WDM wavelength division multiplexer connected with the saturated absorber;
the pumping laser is connected with the WDM wavelength division multiplexer and used for providing a laser source;
the coupler is connected with the WDM wavelength division multiplexer and is used for receiving the reflected laser;
the spectrometer is connected with the coupler and is used for detecting the laser wavelength change passing through the coupler; the method comprises the steps of,
and the photoelectric detector is connected with the coupler and is used for detecting the laser pulse change passing through the coupler.
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