CN116525351B

CN116525351B - Short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device

Info

Publication number: CN116525351B
Application number: CN202310786233.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田阳; 李志兵; 高飞; 张书琦; 李森; 高永超; 边亚琳
Original assignee: China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Current assignee: China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
Priority date: 2023-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-30
Publication date: 2023-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2043-06-30
Also published as: CN116525351A

Abstract

The invention provides a short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device comprises: an electrically driven magnetic control mechanism and a solid sealing polar pole; the solid-sealed polar pole is arranged above the electric drive magnetic control mechanism and is connected with the electric drive magnetic control mechanism. In the invention, the lower magnetic yoke and the closing rotor are made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conduction materials, and when the opening action is performed, the electric driving magnetic control mechanism generates opening electromagnetic repulsive force, so that opening is realized; when the switching-on action is performed, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates switching-on electromagnetic thrust, so that switching-on is realized; at the opening position and/or the closing position, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates static holding force, and the moving contact is maintained at the corresponding position; the elastic energy after the collision of the movable contact and the fixed contact is absorbed by the oil buffer in the insulating pull rod, the mechanical stress at the movable connection part of the switch is reduced by the high-speed sliding connection of the conductive seat and the movable conductive rod, and the surface magnetic field intensity of the movable contact structure is improved by the bridge support ring in the movable contact structure.

Description

Short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-end equipment manufacturing, in particular to a short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device.

Background

The novel power system is characterized in that the high-proportion new energy is accessed in a large scale under the background of the power system, the power grid presents the characteristics of alternating current-direct current hybrid transmission power grid, alternating current power distribution network, local direct current power distribution network, micro-grid and adjustable load coordination interaction, the requirements of frequent interaction of different types of local power grids on quick protection and control are higher and higher, and particularly the quick clearing and curing capacity of power grid faults are enhanced. The high-voltage switch equipment is used as a key executive device for controlling and protecting the power system, improves the switching-on and switching-off speed, reduces the excitation reaction time, can greatly shorten the switching-on and switching-off time, further rapidly cuts off faults and rapidly recovers power supply, and can remarkably improve the stability and reliability of the novel power system.

According to statistics, in the most widely used switching equipment in the current power grid, a (126 kV/252 kV) high-voltage large-capacity SF6 circuit breaker (represented by ZF17 and LW13 types) is operated by adopting hydraulic pressure and a spring, wherein the opening time range is 40-50 ms, and the closing time is 100-120 ms; a vacuum circuit breaker (represented by ZW32 and VS 1) with medium voltage and small capacity (12 kV/40.5 kV) adopts a spring mechanism, the opening time is 20-30 ms, the closing time is 60-70 ms, and the requirements of quick control and protection under a novel power system cannot be met.

As shown in fig. 1, the high-speed mechanical switch applied at 12kV and 40.5kV mainly comprises a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber 1', a high-speed repulsive force mechanism 2', and a bistable spring holding device 3', and the whole is coaxially and vertically layered. The high-speed repulsive force mechanism 2' includes: a switching-off coil 21', a metal disc 22' and a switching-on coil 23' which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the high-speed repulsion mechanism 2' is in a closing state, when the high-speed mechanical switch unit performs opening operation, the thyristor is conducted after receiving an opening trigger signal, the energy storage capacitor discharges to the opening coil 21', the opening coil 21' generates millisecond-level pulse current, the pulse current induces a maximum vortex on the surface of the metal disc 22', the direction of the pulse current is opposite to that of the opening coil 21', meanwhile, the metal disc 22' generates downward electromagnetic repulsion force, when the downward electromagnetic repulsion force is larger than the upward closing retaining force generated by the bistable spring retaining device 3', the metal disc 22' drives the connecting rod and the moving contact to start opening, and when opening is in place, the bistable spring retaining device 3' generates downward opening retaining force, and at the moment, the opening process of the high-speed mechanical switch is completed.

However, when the high-speed repulsive force mechanism is used for switching on and off, the electromagnetic repulsive force required to be generated is larger than the holding force generated by the bistable spring holding device 3', the switching on and off can be realized, and the high-speed repulsive force mechanism is small in output, so that the action stroke is short, and the high-speed repulsive force mechanism is only suitable for 12kV and 40.5kV quick mechanical switches with short strokes of 12-25 mm, and cannot be applied to 126kV and 252kV quick mechanical switches with long strokes of 80-160 mm.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, which aims to solve the problem of short action stroke of the existing high-speed repulsive force mechanism.

The invention provides a short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, which comprises: an electrically driven magnetic control mechanism and a solid sealing polar pole; the solid-sealed polar pole is arranged above the electric drive magnetic control mechanism and is connected with the electric drive magnetic control mechanism; when the opening action is performed, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates opening electromagnetic repulsive force to drive the movable contact of the solid-sealed pole to move to the opening position, so that opening is realized; when the switching-on action is performed, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates switching-on electromagnetic thrust to drive the moving contact to move to a switching-on position, so that switching-on is realized; at the opening position and/or the closing position, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates static holding force so as to enable the movable contact to be maintained at the closing position or the opening position.

Further, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism comprises: the upper opening assembly, the lower closing assembly and the main drive transmission shaft; the main drive transmission shaft penetrates through the upper brake separating assembly and the lower brake separating assembly in a sliding manner; when the brake is opened, the upper brake opening assembly generates brake opening electromagnetic repulsive force to drive the main drive transmission to axially move in the brake opening position, so that brake opening is realized; when the switching-on action is performed, the lower switching-on assembly generates switching-on electromagnetic thrust to drive the main drive transmission shaft to move along the switching-on position, so that switching-on is realized; at the opening position and/or the closing position, the lower closing assembly generates a static holding force to maintain the main drive transmission shaft at the closing position or the opening position.

Further, the above-mentioned short excitation high-speed vacuum switching device, the lower switch-on subassembly includes: a lower cavity is formed in the lower magnetic yoke, and an annular permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the lower magnetic yoke; the closing rotor is arranged in the lower cavity in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the lower magnetic yoke; the armature winding is wound on the outer wall of the switching-on rotor and is used for being electrified during switching-on action so as to magnetize the switching-on rotor, and switching-on electromagnetic thrust can be generated under the action of an annular permanent magnet and a magnetizing magnetic field of the switching-on rotor, so that the switching-on rotor drives the main drive transmission shaft to move in a switching-on position; and at the opening position and/or the closing position, the closing rotor and the annular permanent magnet generate magnetic flux, so that static permanent magnet retaining force is generated between the closing rotor and the annular permanent magnet, and the closing rotor is maintained at the opening position or the closing position.

Further, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device adopts composite metal alloy steel magnetic conduction materials for the switching-on rotor and/or the lower magnetic yoke; the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 80 parts by weight of iron, 2.0 to 2.3 parts by weight of carbon, 5.0 to 9.0 parts by weight of neodymium, 3.0 to 5.0 parts by weight of chromium, 0 to 0.4 part by weight of silicon and not 0, 0 to 0.4 part by weight of manganese and not 0, and 0 to 0.4 part by weight of copper and not 0.

Further, the preparation method of the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device and the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material comprises the following steps: adding iron, carbon, neodymium, chromium, silicon, manganese and copper into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain smelting molten steel; purifying, cold isostatic pressing and forging hot rolling the primary molten steel in sequence to obtain alloy steel; and carrying out heat treatment on the alloy steel to obtain the finished product part.

Further, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device specifically comprises the following steps of: performing primary quenching on the alloy steel to obtain a primary quenching product; tempering the primary quenched product until the tempering is cooled to a first preset temperature to obtain a primary tempered product; carrying out secondary quenching on the primary tempered product to obtain a secondary quenched product; tempering the re-quenched product until the tempering is cooled to a second preset temperature, and obtaining the finished part.

Further, in the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, a limiting magnetism isolating ring is arranged above and/or below the annular permanent magnet.

Further, the above-mentioned short excitation high-speed vacuum switching device, upper brake subassembly includes: an upper yoke having an upper cavity therein; the electrostatic repulsive force coil panel is arranged in the upper cavity; the movable repulsion coil panel is arranged in the upper cavity, and is positioned below the static repulsion coil panel, and when the brake is opened, the static repulsion coil panel and the movable repulsion coil panel are electrified to generate electromagnetic force, so that the movable repulsion coil is enabled to act, and the main drive transmission is driven to move along the axial brake opening position, so that brake opening is realized.

Further, the above-mentioned short excitation high-speed vacuum switching device, the solid sealed utmost point post includes: a stationary contact; the moving contact is arranged below the fixed contact; and one end of the insulating pull rod is connected with the moving contact, and the other end of the insulating pull rod is connected with the main drive transmission shaft and is used for driving the moving contact to move under the action of the main drive transmission shaft so as to realize opening and closing actions.

Further, in the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, the contact springs are arranged in the insulating pull rods, mounting holes are formed in the contact springs, and oil buffers are arranged in the mounting holes and used for absorbing rebound energy after the fixed contact and the moving contact collide.

Further, in the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, a movable conducting rod is arranged at the bottom of the movable contact, and a conducting seat is arranged at one side of the movable conducting rod; the conductive seat is provided with a conductive barrel, and the movable conductive rod is slidably arranged in the conductive barrel in a penetrating way; the conductive barrel is internally provided with a holding spring, and the holding spring is sleeved on the periphery of the movable conductive rod and is used for realizing the electric connection between the movable conductive rod and the conductive barrel by adopting contact finger spring connection.

Further, in the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, a plurality of bridge support rings are arranged in the fixed contact and/or the moving contact in a sleeved mode from the axial direction to the periphery in sequence.

According to the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device, when the switching-off action is performed, switching-off electromagnetic repulsive force is generated through the upper switching-off assembly, so that the main drive transmission is driven to axially move in the switching-off position, and switching-off is further realized; the lower magnetic yoke and the closing rotor are made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conduction materials, and when in closing action, the lower closing assembly generates closing electromagnetic thrust under the action of an annular permanent magnet and a closing rotor magnetizing magnetic field to drive the main drive transmission shaft to move in an axial closing position, so that closing is realized, and high-speed vacuum opening and closing are realized; at the opening position and/or the closing position, the closing rotor and the annular permanent magnet generate magnetic flux, and the lower closing assembly generates static holding force so as to enable the main drive transmission shaft to be maintained at the closing position or the opening position. Therefore, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device can quickly generate driving force for driving, shortens excitation time, greatly improves switching-on and switching-off speed, fully considers switching-on bouncing and switching-off bouncing inhibition through static holding force generated by a lower switching-on assembly, and simultaneously, compared with the prior art, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device has the advantages that when switching-on and switching-off are performed, acting force is generated firstly to offset holding force generated by a bistable spring holding device, switching-on and switching-off can be realized only by increasing driving force, so that the stroke is small, the efficiency is low, the force for switching-on and switching-off is small, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching-on and switching-off device does not need to offset holding force generated by the bistable spring holding device, required current is small, consumed power consumption is low, and the technical defects of long excitation time, short action stroke and high power consumption of an electromagnetic mechanism in the prior art are overcome.

Meanwhile, the solid-sealed pole directly absorbs rebound energy after the moving contact collides with the fixed contact through the oil buffer arranged in the insulating pull rod, so that the closing bounce amplitude of the moving contact becomes low, the bounce frequency becomes less, the closing bounce time is less than 3ms, the closing bounce time is greatly reduced, and the problem of large closing bounce of the solid-sealed pole in the prior art is solved; the sliding connection between the conductive seat and the movable conductive rod effectively reduces the moving quality of the switch and the mechanical stress at the movable connection part of the switch, realizes the reliable tolerance of the high-speed movement impact of the high-current switch, and prolongs the service life of the connecting part to more than 5000 times; and through a plurality of bridge support rings which are built in the moving and static contact structure and are sleeved in turn from the axial direction to the periphery, the surface magnetic field intensity of the moving and static contact structure is improved, the arc extinguishing capability is stronger when the moving and static contact structure is opened and closed, the arc extinguishing speed is higher, the opening and closing capability of short-circuit heavy current and capacity small current is greatly improved, 10000 times of rapid opening and closing can be tolerated, the deformation of the contact after tens of thousands of times of opening and closing is not more than 1mm, the opening and closing capability of short-circuit heavy current 40kA and capacity back-to-back small current 400A is further improved, and the defects that a conductive rod of a solid-sealed pole in the prior art scheme is easy to deform, short in mechanical life, large in closing bounce, poor in long-stroke arc extinguishing capability and easy to break are overcome. In addition, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device has the following advantages:

1. Compared with a conventional electromagnetic mechanism, the electric drive magnetic control mechanism provided by the embodiment is simpler in structure, simpler in assembly and debugging, higher in energy conversion efficiency and more reliable in closing under 160mm long stroke.

2. According to the solid-sealed pole provided by the embodiment, under the high-speed opening and closing condition, the mechanical life is prolonged to 5000 times from 3000 times, the closing bounce is reduced to less than or equal to 2ms from 3-5 ms, and contact ablation during high-capacity closing can be fully restrained.

3. The contact structure provided in the embodiment increases the switching-on and switching-off capability of the high short-circuit current with high direct-current component, and the current of the existing short-circuit switching-off current is 31.5kA,60% of direct-current component, and is improved to 50kA,75% of direct-current component.

4. The 126kV and 252kV short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device can replace high-voltage switching equipment of the existing SF6 arc-extinguishing chamber medium, and 100% of environment protection is realized.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art high speed mechanical switch structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device at a switching-off position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device at a switching-on position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism at a brake-separating position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism at a closing position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower switch-on assembly at a switch-off position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower switch-on assembly in a switch-on position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing a composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a process flow diagram of heat treatment of an alloy steel material provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic properties of a composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a prior art insulating pull rod;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an insulating pull rod of the prior art;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an insulating pull rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the work and cushioning properties of an insulating pull rod according to the prior art;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the work and buffering performance of an insulation pull rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a prior art encapsulated post soft copper bar;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a prior art insulated pull rod connecting conductive base;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an encapsulated pole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding connection between an insulating pull rod and a conductive seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a prior art contact;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a contact according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field intensity of the surface of the moving contact in the embodiment of the present invention and the prior art.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, preferred structures of the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device provided by the embodiment of the invention are shown. As shown in the drawings, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device includes: the device comprises an electric drive magnetic control mechanism 1, a solid sealing pole 2 and a locking nut 3; wherein,

the solid-sealed pole 2 is arranged above the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 (relative to the position shown in fig. 2), and the solid-sealed pole 2 is connected with the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 and is used for performing opening and closing actions under the driving action of the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1. Specifically, this short excitation high-speed vacuum switching device wholly adopts coaxial perpendicular layering direct action arrangement structure, and solid sealed utmost point post 2 sets up in the top of electric drive magnetic control mechanism 1, and solid sealed utmost point post 2 is connected with electric drive magnetic control mechanism 1 to, the junction between them can be equipped with locknut 3, ensures solid sealed utmost point post 2 and electric drive magnetic control mechanism 1 to be connected's steadiness, and the device does not have extra transmission part, simple structure is reliable, and mechanical stability is high.

When the opening action is performed, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 generates opening electromagnetic repulsive force to drive the movable contact 22 of the solid-sealed pole 2 to move to the opening position, so that opening is realized; during the closing action, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 generates closing electromagnetic thrust to drive the moving contact 22 to move to a closing position, so that closing is realized; at the opening and/or closing position, the electrically driven magnetic control mechanism 1 generates a static holding force to maintain the moving contact 22 at the closing or opening position.

Specifically, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 can be a completely new-designed movable stable short-excitation long-stroke high-speed electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism adapting to ultra-long stroke, and can generate an opening electromagnetic repulsive force in opening action to drive the movable contact 22 of the solid-sealed pole 2 to move to an opening position so as to realize opening; when the electric drive magnetic control mechanism 1 is in a closing action, the electric drive magnetic control mechanism can be excited for a short time, and a closing electromagnetic thrust is instantaneously generated to drive the moving contact 22 to move to a closing position, so that closing is realized; at the opening and/or closing position, the electrically driven magnetic control mechanism 1 generates a static holding force to maintain the moving contact 22 at the closing or opening position.

With continued reference to fig. 2 to 5, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 includes: an upper opening assembly 11, a lower closing assembly 12 and a main drive transmission shaft 13; the lower switch-on assembly 12 is disposed below the upper switch-off assembly 11, and the main drive transmission shaft 13 slidably penetrates the upper switch-off assembly 11 and the lower switch-off assembly 12.

Specifically, the upper brake separating assembly 11 and the lower brake closing assembly 12 are coaxially arranged up and down, the main drive transmission shaft 13 coaxially penetrates through the upper brake separating assembly 11 and the lower brake closing assembly 12, and the main drive transmission shaft 13 can also penetrate through the upper brake separating assembly 11 and the lower brake separating assembly 12 in a slidable manner along the axial direction (the vertical direction as shown in fig. 2) thereof; the top of the main drive transmission shaft 13 is connected with the solid-sealed polar pole 2, and the locknut 3 is arranged at the joint of the top of the main drive transmission shaft 13 and the solid-sealed polar pole 2. The main drive transmission shaft 13 can move up and down along the axial direction of the main drive transmission shaft 13, then move down to a switching-off position or move up to a switching-on position, and then drive the movable contact 22 in the solid-sealed pole 2 to move up and down so as to realize switching-off and switching-on actions. In this embodiment, the lower switch-on assembly 12 and the upper switch-off assembly 11 may be connected to an energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor may also be connected to a controller.

When the brake is opened, the upper brake opening assembly 11 generates brake opening electromagnetic repulsive force so as to enable the main drive transmission shaft 13 to move towards the brake opening position, and further brake opening is realized; during the closing action, the lower closing component 12 generates closing electromagnetic thrust so as to enable the main drive transmission shaft 13 to move to a closing position, thereby realizing closing; at the opening and/or closing position, the lower closing assembly 12 generates a static holding force to maintain the main drive shaft 13 in the closing or opening position.

Specifically, when the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device performs switching-on operation from the switching-off position shown in fig. 2 and 4, the controller controls the energy storage capacitor to enable the energy storage capacitor to charge pulse current to the lower switching-on assembly 12 so as to generate upward electromagnetic thrust, so that the main drive transmission shaft 13 performs switching-on operation upwards and synchronously drives the anti-loose lock nut 3 and the movable contact 22 to perform switching-on operation upwards; as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is at the switching-on position, the lower switching-on assembly 12 generates static holding force which reaches 600 n-8000 n, and switching-on bouncing of the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device can be sufficiently restrained; when the high-speed short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device performs opening and closing operation from the closing position shown in fig. 3 and 5, the controller controls the energy storage capacitor to enable the energy storage capacitor to charge pulse current to the upper opening and closing assembly 11, downward electromagnetic repulsive force is instantaneously generated, the main drive transmission shaft 13 performs opening and closing operation downwards, and the locking nut 3 and the moving contact 2 are synchronously driven to perform opening and closing operation downwards.

With continued reference to fig. 2-5, the upper brake release assembly 11 includes: an upper yoke 111, a static repulsive force coil disk 112, and a dynamic repulsive force coil disk 113; wherein an upper cavity 1111 is provided inside the upper yoke 111; the electrostatic repulsive-force coil disk 112 is disposed inside the upper cavity 1111; the moving repulsive force coil panel 113 is disposed in the upper cavity 1111, and the moving repulsive force coil panel 113 is disposed below the static repulsive force coil panel 112, and when the opening operation is performed, the static repulsive force coil panel 112 and the moving repulsive force coil panel 113 are electrified to generate electromagnetic force, so that the moving repulsive force coil 113 is enabled to operate, and the main drive transmission shaft 13 is driven to move to the opening position, so that the opening operation is realized.

Specifically, the upper yoke 111 may be a hollow housing structure with an opening at the bottom, which is disposed above the lower closing assembly 12, and a closed upper cavity 1111 is formed around the upper side of the lower closing assembly 12. The static repulsive force coil panel 112 and the dynamic repulsive force coil panel 113 are both coaxially arranged with the upper yoke 111, and are vertically arranged in parallel in the upper cavity 1111, the static repulsive force coil panel 112 is coaxially fixed on the upper yoke 111, and the dynamic repulsive force coil panel 113 is slidably arranged along the inner wall of the upper yoke 111 in the upper cavity 1111. The main drive transmission shaft 13 is slidably and coaxially inserted into the upper yoke 111 and the static repulsive force coil panel 112 along the axial direction (vertical direction as shown in fig. 2) of the upper yoke 111, and the main drive transmission shaft 13 is inserted into the dynamic repulsive force coil panel 113 and fixedly connected with the dynamic repulsive force coil panel 113 so as to move up and down synchronously. When the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device is operated by opening and closing the switch from the switch-on position, the controller controls the energy storage capacitor, so that the energy storage capacitor supplies pulse current to the static repulsion coil panel 112 and the movable repulsion coil panel 113, excitation is carried out, downward electromagnetic repulsion is instantaneously generated, the movable repulsion coil panel 113 moves downwards under the action of the downward electromagnetic repulsion, namely moves to the switch-on position, and further drives the main drive transmission shaft 13 and the anti-loose lock nut 3 to move downwards, and finally the movable contact 22 performs switch-on action downwards. In the present embodiment, a limit structure is provided on the inner wall of the upper yoke 111 for positioning the repulsive-static coil 112 such that the repulsive-static coil 112 is fixed inside the upper yoke 111. Wherein, the static repulsion coil panel 112 and the dynamic repulsion coil panel 113 can be wound by 3 x 0.5mm ultrathin flat copper wire as a brake-separating excitation source to realize brake-separating action.

In this embodiment, the top end of the main drive transmission shaft 13 is connected with the solid-sealed pole 2, so as to realize the opening and closing actions of the solid-sealed pole 2 under the action of the main drive transmission shaft 13.

With continued reference to fig. 2-7, the lower closing assembly 12 includes: a lower yoke 121, a closing mover 122, an armature winding 123, and an annular permanent magnet 124; wherein, the lower cavity 1211 is provided inside the lower yoke 121, and the annular permanent magnet 124 is attached to the inner wall of the lower yoke 121; the closing mover 122 is slidably disposed inside the lower cavity 1211 in an axial direction (a vertical direction as shown in fig. 6) of the lower yoke 121; the armature winding 123 is wound on the outer wall of the closing rotor 122, and is used for being electrified during closing action to magnetize the closing rotor 122, and can generate closing electromagnetic thrust under the action of the magnetizing magnetic fields of the annular permanent magnet 124 and the closing rotor 122, so that the closing rotor 122 drives the main drive transmission shaft 13 to move to a closing position; at the opening position and/or the closing position, the closing mover 122 and the ring-shaped permanent magnet 124 generate magnetic fluxes such that a static permanent magnet holding force is generated between the closing mover 122 and the ring-shaped permanent magnet 124 to maintain the closing mover 122 at the opening position or the closing position.

Specifically, the lower closing assembly 12 may be a motor mechanism, as a high-speed electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism. The lower yoke 121 may be an integrated magnetic conductive cylinder, and is provided with an annular permanent magnet 124 as a stator, wherein the annular permanent magnet 124 is iron on the inner wall of the lower yoke 121, the closing rotor 122 is a rotor, and an armature winding 123 is wound on the outer side of the closing rotor. The lower yoke 121 may have a cylindrical housing structure with a lower cavity 1211 therein; the closing mover 122 is disposed in the lower cavity 1211 and can slide up and down relative to the lower yoke 121, and the closing mover 122 is fixedly connected to the main driving shaft 13, so as to drive the main driving shaft 13 to move up and down synchronously. The lower yoke 121 and the closing mover 122 may be made of a composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material, the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material may be a short-excitation low-power-consumption magnetic conductive metal material, the closing excitation source adopts an armature winding 123 wound by 5 x 0.5mm ultrathin flat copper wire, and the annular permanent magnet 124 may be a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet sheet. A limit magnetism isolating ring 125 is provided above and/or below the annular permanent magnet 124 to ensure the position of the annular permanent magnet 124 and to improve the magnetic flux utilization rate.

The lower closing assembly 12 has two basic functions of static permanent magnet maintenance and dynamic electromagnetic operation. Static permanent magnet retention is: the lower closing component 12 has large static permanent magnet holding force at the closing position and the opening position, fully considers closing bounce and opening bounce inhibition, and is formed by closing an annular permanent magnet 124 with magnetic fluxes generated by a lower yoke 121 and a closing rotor 122 which are made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive materials, wherein the magnetic fluxes pass through a low-reluctance loop, as shown by dotted arrows in fig. 6 and 7; the dynamic electromagnetic operation is as follows: the lower closing assembly 12 can perform the opening and closing operations with high acceleration. The brake-separating action is to drive brake-separating by means of pulse current simultaneously fed to the static repulsion coil panel 112 and the dynamic repulsion coil panel 113 and instantaneously generating electromagnetic repulsion force, wherein the magnitude of the electromagnetic repulsion force is related to the product of the square of the current and the change of mutual inductance; the closing action relies on pulse current to be introduced into the excitation source armature winding 123, and electromagnetic thrust is rapidly generated under the action of magnetizing fields of the annular permanent magnet 124 and the closing mover 122, so as to drive closing.

In this embodiment, the lower closing component 12 may be adapted to a short excitation high-speed vacuum switching device with total of 4 voltage levels of 12kV, 40.5kV, 126kV and 252kV, and under these 4 voltage levels, the strokes H of the lower closing component 12 under the direct driving condition are 13mm,25mm,80mm and 160mm respectively, in this embodiment, the lower closing component 12 with the stroke H of 160mm is taken as an example, and other strokes can be realized on the basis of this by adjusting the sizes of the corresponding key components.

In the embodiment, the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material replaces the commonly adopted soft magnetic materials such as silicon steel sheet, electrical pure iron (DT 4), no. 10 steel and the like of the existing electromagnetic mechanism, and the metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 80 parts by weight of iron, 2.0 to 2.3 parts by weight of carbon, 5.0 to 9.0 parts by weight of neodymium, 3.0 to 5.0 parts by weight of chromium, 0 to 0.4 part by weight of silicon and not 0, 0 to 0.4 part by weight of manganese and not 0, and 0 to 0.4 part by weight of copper and not 0. For example, iron may be 70 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, or 80 parts by weight, carbon may be 2.0 parts by weight, 2.15 parts by weight, or 2.3 parts by weight, neodymium may be 5.0 parts by weight, 7.0 parts by weight, or 9.0 parts by weight, chromium may be 3.0 parts by weight, 4.0 parts by weight, or 5.0 parts by weight, silicon may be 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, or 0.4 parts by weight, manganese may be 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, or 0.4 parts by weight, and copper may be 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, or 0.4 parts by weight.

Referring to fig. 8, a process flow chart of a method for preparing a composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, the preparation method of the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material comprises the following steps:

adding iron, carbon, neodymium, chromium, silicon, manganese and copper into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain molten steel.

And step two, purifying, cold isostatic pressing and forging hot rolling the primary molten steel in sequence to obtain alloy steel.

Specifically, firstly, under the condition that inert gas is introduced into the primary molten steel, sequentially purifying the primary molten steel to obtain ultra-high purity molten steel; then, carrying out cold isostatic pressing on the ultra-high purity molten steel to obtain a steel ingot; and finally, forging and hot rolling the steel ingot to obtain the alloy steel.

And thirdly, performing heat treatment on the alloy steel to obtain the finished product part.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, first, the alloy steel is subjected to primary quenching to obtain a primary quenched product; tempering the primary quenched product until the tempering is cooled to a first preset temperature to obtain a primary tempered product; then, carrying out secondary quenching on the primary tempered product to obtain a secondary quenched product; and tempering the re-quenched product until the tempering is cooled to a second preset temperature, so as to obtain the finished part.

In this embodiment, the alloy steel is subjected to a special heat treatment process, and is quenched for the first time, where the heating temperature may be 900-1000 ℃, in this embodiment 950 ℃; and rapidly cooling in air to promote the alloy steel to obtain high-hardness martensite, and the microscopic low-carbon martensite grains are initially enlarged; after tempering and cooling to 200 ℃, quenching for the second time, wherein the heating temperature can be 700-800 ℃, in the embodiment, 760 ℃, and the microscopic low-carbon martensite grains are enlarged to a proper form; then rapidly cooling to room temperature, adjusting hardness, and improving plasticity and resistance.

The composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material has the magnetic performance characteristics of both the conventional permanent magnet and soft magnetic materials, as shown in fig. 10, namely when the novel material is positively magnetized, the magnetic field of the magnetic medium tends to be consistent with the external magnetic field due to the transmissibility of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field direction of each molecule in the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material tends to be consistent, so that the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material is magnetized and consistent with the magnetic characteristics of the conventional soft magnetic material; when the external magnetic field forward magnetization is cancelled, the magnetic field direction of internal magnetic domain molecules in the material still keeps consistent, and the material externally shows a certain forward magnetic attraction force and has consistent magnetic characteristics with the conventional permanent magnetic material; when the novel material is reversely magnetized, the magnetic field direction of magnetic domain molecules inside the material is kept consistent in the instant reverse direction, and the novel material has certain reverse magnetic attraction to the outside.

In the lower closing component 12, the lower yoke 121 and the closing rotor 122 may be made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive materials, so that the lower closing component 12 has two basic functions of static permanent magnet maintenance and dynamic electromagnetic operation.

The technical scheme of the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material and the preparation method thereof are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

For 1000g per weight part, 70 weight parts of iron, 2.0 weight parts of carbon, 5.0 weight parts of neodymium, 3.0 weight parts of chromium, 0.1 weight parts of silicon, 0.1 weight parts of manganese, and 0.1 weight parts of copper were prepared.

Sequentially purifying the primary molten steel under the condition that inert gas is introduced into the primary molten steel, so as to obtain ultra-high purity molten steel; cold isostatic pressing is carried out on the ultra-high purity molten steel to obtain a steel ingot; forging and hot rolling the steel ingot to obtain alloy steel.

Quenching the alloy steel for the first time, and heating the alloy steel to 900 ℃; and rapidly cooling in air to promote the alloy steel to obtain high-hardness martensite, and the microscopic low-carbon martensite grains are initially enlarged; after tempering and cooling to 200 ℃, carrying out secondary quenching, and heating to 700 ℃, wherein microscopic low-carbon martensite grains become large to a proper shape; and then cooling to room temperature quickly, adjusting hardness, improving plasticity and resistance, and obtaining the finished product of the part.

Example 2

For 1000g per weight part, 75 weight parts of iron, 2.15 weight parts of carbon, 7.0 weight parts of neodymium, 4.0 weight parts of chromium, 0.2 weight parts of silicon, 0.2 weight parts of manganese, and 0.2 weight parts of copper were prepared.

Quenching the alloy steel for the first time, and heating to 950 ℃; and rapidly cooling in air to promote the alloy steel to obtain high-hardness martensite, and the microscopic low-carbon martensite grains are initially enlarged; after tempering and cooling to 200 ℃, carrying out secondary quenching, and heating to 760 ℃, wherein microscopic low-carbon martensite grains become large to a proper shape; and then cooling to room temperature quickly, adjusting hardness, improving plasticity and resistance, and obtaining the finished product of the part.

Example 3

For 1000g per weight part, 80 weight parts of iron, 2.3 weight parts of carbon, 9.0 weight parts of neodymium, 5.0 weight parts of chromium, 0.4 weight parts of silicon, 0.4 weight parts of manganese, and 0.4 weight parts of copper were prepared.

Quenching the alloy steel for the first time, and heating the alloy steel to 1000 ℃; and rapidly cooling in air to promote the alloy steel to obtain high-hardness martensite, and the microscopic low-carbon martensite grains are initially enlarged; cooling to 200 ℃ after tempering, quenching for the second time, heating to 800 ℃, and enlarging microscopic low-carbon martensite grains to a proper shape; and then cooling to room temperature quickly, adjusting hardness, improving plasticity and resistance, and obtaining the finished product of the part.

The conventional switch equipment generally adopts a spring mechanism or a permanent magnet mechanism to drive a movable contact in the solid-sealed pole to switch on and off, and has long excitation time, small switch-on bounce and low switch-on and switch-off speed; in this embodiment, adopt high-speed electricity to drive magnetic control mechanism to pass through the insulating pull rod in the solid sealed pole and be connected with the electricity, the quick drive vacuum interrupter sound contact action that opens and shuts, operation impact force is big, excitation time is short, the combined floodgate spring is big, divide closing speed is fast, conventional solid sealed pole can't satisfy the requirement, consequently adopts novel insulating pull rod and novel high-speed slip connection structure. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the solid sealed pole 2 may be a novel high impact resistant high buffer solid sealed pole, including: a fixed contact 21, a movable contact 22 and an insulating pull rod 23; wherein, the fixed contact 21, the moving contact 22 and the insulating pull rod 23; wherein the movable contact 22 is arranged below the fixed contact 21; one end of the insulating pull rod 23 is connected with the movable contact 22, and the other end is connected with the main drive transmission shaft 13, and is used for driving the movable contact 22 to move under the action of the main drive transmission shaft 13 so as to realize opening and closing actions.

Specifically, the fixed contact 21, the movable contact 22 and the insulating tie rod 23 are coaxially and sequentially arranged from top to bottom. As shown in fig. 13, the top end of the insulating pull rod 23 may be provided with an upper metal piece 234, which is connected with the moving contact 22, and the bottom end is also provided with a lower metal piece 235, where the lower metal piece 235 is connected with the main drive transmission shaft 13, so as to drive the moving contact 22 to perform up-and-down movement under the action of the main drive transmission shaft 13, thereby realizing the opening and closing action. Wherein, the insulating pull rod 23 can be a novel impact-resistant high-buffering insulating pull rod.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, a preferred construction of the insulated pull rod provided by the prior art is shown. As shown, the top of the conventional insulating pull rod 23 is provided with a cavity 231, and a contact spring 232 is disposed in the cavity 231.

In this embodiment, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism 1 rapidly drives the moving contact 22 to open and close, the operation impact force is large, the excitation time is short, the closing bounce is large, the opening and closing speed is high, because the closing speed is 2 times of the closing speed of a conventional breaker, the moving contact and the static contact can generate larger rigid bounce after being closed at a high speed, and the closing bounce is usually 6-8 ms. According to the rule, the switching-on bounce time of the high-voltage switch equipment is less than or equal to 3ms.

Referring to fig. 13, a cross-sectional view of an insulating pull rod according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, in order to reduce the closing bounce time, preferably, a contact spring 232 is provided in the insulating pull rod 23, and a mounting hole is provided in the contact spring 232, and an oil buffer 233 is provided in the mounting hole, for absorbing rebound energy after the collision of the fixed contact 21 and the moving contact 22, so as to reduce the closing bounce time.

Specifically, the top of the insulating rod 23 is provided with a cavity 231, and a contact spring 232 is provided in the cavity 231. The contact spring 232 is internally provided with a mounting hole, namely a contact spring center hole, and an oil buffer 233 is arranged in the mounting hole, so that rebound energy after the fixed contact 21 collides with the moving contact 22 can be directly absorbed, and further, closing bounce time is shortened to be less than or equal to 3ms.

When the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is used for switching on operation, if the conventional insulation pull rod, namely the conventional insulation pull rod 23 is adopted, as shown in fig. 14, the moving contact bounces for the first time just after switching on, the kinetic energy of the moving contact is completely stored in the compressed contact spring, which is equivalent to that the energy of the moving contact is not consumed in the action process, and the energy is only circularly stored and released in the contact spring, so that the switching on bounce amplitude of the moving contact is high, the bounce times are more, and the switching on bounce time is approximately 4 ms; when the insulating pull rod 23 provided in this embodiment is adopted, as shown in fig. 15, the moving contact 22 bounces for the first time immediately after closing, a part of kinetic energy of the moving contact 22 is stored in the contact spring 232, a part of kinetic energy is absorbed and consumed by the oil buffer 233, the closing bounce amplitude of the moving contact 22 becomes low, the bounce times become less, and the closing bounce time is less than 3ms. In fig. 14 and 15, the solid line indicates the moving contact acting, and the broken line indicates the moving contact closing bounce.

Referring to fig. 16 and 17, a preferred construction of the prior art insulated drawbar connection conductive mount is shown. As shown in the figure, the outer sides of the movable contact 22 and the insulating pull rod 23 are provided with a conductive seat 4, the bottom of the movable contact 22 is provided with a movable conductive rod 221, and the movable conductive rod 221 is connected with an upper metal piece 234; the movable conducting rod 221 is connected with the conducting seat 4 through a soft copper connecting structure, in the soft copper connecting structure, the soft copper 236 is tightly pressed by the upper metal piece 234 and the movable conducting rod 221 in a threaded locking manner, and when the circuit breaker is operated to switch on or off at a medium speed, the connection of the soft copper 236 can play a good role in connection, so that the soft connection is realized. Wherein, the flexible connection mainly plays the role of connecting the movable contact 22 with the conductive seat 4, the movable contact 22 always moves, and the conductive seat 4 is static, and the connection of the movable contact 22 and the conductive seat 4 needs to be connected through a part with shrinkage, thereby ensuring the stable movement of the contact and ensuring the smooth loop. In the prior art, when a short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device is subjected to 200 times of mechanical operation tests, the conventional soft copper bar is connected with the outermost conductive sheet to break, the outgoing line at the connecting position is loose, and the loop resistance is obviously increased.

Referring to fig. 18 and 19, a preferred structure of the sliding connection of the insulating pull rod and the conductive base according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, the conductive seat 4 is provided with a conductive barrel 5, and the movable conductive rod 221 is slidably arranged through the conductive barrel 5; the conductive barrel 5 is internally provided with a holding spring 6, the holding spring 6 is sleeved on the periphery of the movable conductive rod 221 and is used for realizing electric connection between the movable conductive rod 221 and the conductive barrel 5 by adopting contact finger spring connection, so that the movable conductive rod 221 is connected with the conductive barrel 5 by adopting a novel high-speed sliding connection structure. Specifically, the epoxy solid-sealed pole high-speed sliding connection technology is adopted to replace the conventional soft copper bar connection, so that the moving quality of the switch and the mechanical stress at the movable connection part of the switch are effectively reduced, the reliable tolerance of the high-through-flow switch under the high-speed moving impact is realized, and the service life of the connecting part is prolonged to more than 5000 times. The high-speed sliding connection structure adopts the embracing spring 6 to connect the movable conducting rod 221 and the conducting barrel 5, no end face connection exists, high-speed opening and closing operation can be met, the whole high-speed sliding connection structure of the solid-sealed pole 2 mainly adopts a contact finger spring connection technology, namely, parallel contact points are established between two contact surfaces, a certain contact force is provided, a pollution layer can be damaged, and effective electric connection is realized. Each contact finger spring forms an independent elastic load loop, and the contact resistance between conductors can be greatly reduced through the parallel connection of a circle of loops, so that the contact resistance is lower and the stability is higher compared with the conventional soft copper connection technology.

Referring to fig. 20, a schematic view of a prior art contact is shown. When the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is used for switching on and switching off at a high speed, as shown in the figure, the static contact structure, namely the static contact 21 and the moving contact 22 of the common vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber adopt a single ring structure 25 for single ring support, obvious slotting and slot-combining phenomena can occur after 150 times of high-speed switching on and switching-off, and the deformation of the contacts exceeds 2mm, so that the switching-on and switching-off capability of short-circuit heavy current and capacitive small current is greatly influenced.

Referring to fig. 21, a schematic structural diagram of a contact according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, for adapting to the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device, a novel high-capacity short-circuit switching arc extinguishing contact structure can be arranged, namely, a plurality of bridge support rings sleeved in sequence from the axial direction to the periphery are arranged in the fixed contact 21 and/or the moving contact 22, and the high-impact-resistance high-vacuum moving and static contact structure is obtained. Specifically, two bridge support rings 26 can be provided, one bridge support ring 26 with larger outer diameter and one bridge support ring 26 with smaller outer diameter is sleeved on the periphery of the bridge support ring 26 with smaller outer diameter to form a double bridge support moving and static contact structure, the bridge support ring 26 can be a high magnetic conductive magnetic gathering ring, the high magnetic conductive magnetic gathering ring is internally coupled through the fixed contact 21 and/or the moving contact 22, the fixed contact 21 and/or the moving contact 22 of the high magnetic conductive magnetic gathering ring can withstand 10000 times of quick opening and closing, the deformation of the contact after ten-thousand times of opening and closing is not more than 1mm, and the opening and closing capacity of 40kA of short-circuit heavy current and 400A of small current back to back is further improved. As shown in FIG. 22, compared with the conventional movable and static contact structures in the prior art, the surface magnetic field intensity central area of the movable and static contact structure provided in the embodiment can reach 0.29-0.32T, so that the capability of extinguishing an arc is stronger when the movable and static contact structure is opened and closed, the speed of extinguishing the arc is faster, and the opening and closing capability of short-circuit heavy current and capacitive small current is greatly improved. In fig. 22, a change line provided with a circle represents a conventional moving contact in the prior art, and a change line provided with a fork, i.e., x, represents a moving contact structure provided in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 2, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is at a switching-off position, and the magnetic flux of the lower switching-on assembly 12, namely the annular permanent magnet 124 of the high-speed electric-drive magnetic control mechanism, passes through a lower yoke 121 and a switching-on rotor 122 which are made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive materials, and jointly generates a large switching-off static holding force at the switching-off position, namely about 2000 n-3000 n, so that switching-off rebound of the high-speed short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device can be sufficiently inhibited;

when the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device performs switching-on operation from a switching-off position, pulse current is fed to an armature winding 123 of the high-speed electric drive magnetic control mechanism through a control energy storage capacitor to generate upward electromagnetic thrust to act on a switching-on rotor 122, and meanwhile, the main drive transmission shaft 13, the anti-loose lock nut 2 and the insulation pull rod 23 move upward to finally drive a moving contact 22 to perform switching-on operation upward;

as shown in fig. 3, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is at a switching-on position at this time, the magnetic flux of the lower switching-on assembly 12, that is, the annular permanent magnet 124 of the high-speed electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism, passes through the lower yoke 121 and the switching-on mover 122 made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive materials, and generates a large switching-on static holding force at the switching-on position in a combined manner, about 6000 n-8000 n, so that switching-on bouncing of the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device can be sufficiently inhibited;

When the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device performs opening and closing operation from a closing position, a downward electromagnetic repulsive force is generated at the moment when pulse current is fed into a static repulsive force disc 112 and a movable repulsive force disc 113 of the speed electric drive magnetic control mechanism by controlling the energy storage capacitor, and finally the movable contact 22 is driven to perform opening and closing operation downwards by the downward movement of the main drive transmission shaft 13, the anti-loose lock nut 2 and the insulating pull rod 23.

The high-proportion new energy is accessed in a large scale under the background of a power system, the power grid presents the characteristics of alternating current-direct current hybrid transmission power grid, alternating current power distribution network, local direct current power distribution network, micro power grid and adjustable load coordination interaction, and the 12kV/40.5kV high-capacity high-speed short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is applied to the user access boundary of the alternating current power distribution network, can be used as a fast boundary switch to quickly remove faults, can also be used as a distribution network automatic switch, and forms a multistage difference matching switch; the complete set applied to the direct current distribution network is a mechanical direct current breaker for quickly clearing direct current faults. The 126kV and 252kV high-capacity high-speed short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device is applied to an alternating current transmission network, can be used as a quick breaker for inhibiting transient adjustment of the topology of the network with exceeding short-circuit current, and can be used as a complete vacuum environment-friendly combined electrical appliance to replace a conventional SF6 gas medium combined electrical appliance; the high-voltage direct-current breaker is applied to a flexible direct-current transmission network and is used as a high-speed mechanical switch to form the high-voltage direct-current breaker, so that the running stability and safety of a novel power system are greatly improved.

In summary, in the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device provided in this embodiment, when the switching-off action is performed, the switching-off electromagnetic repulsion force is generated by the upper switching-off component 11, so as to drive the main drive transmission shaft 13 to move to the switching-off position, thereby realizing switching-off; the lower magnetic yoke 121 and the closing rotor 122 are made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conduction materials, and when in closing action, the lower closing assembly 12 generates closing electromagnetic thrust under the action of the magnetizing magnetic fields of the annular permanent magnet 124 and the closing rotor 122 to drive the main drive transmission shaft 13 to move to a closing position, so that closing is realized, and high-speed vacuum opening and closing is realized; at the opening and/or closing position, the closing mover 122 and the ring-shaped permanent magnet 124 generate magnetic flux, and the lower closing assembly 12 generates a static holding force to maintain the main drive transmission shaft 13 at the closing or opening position. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device can quickly generate driving force for driving, shortens excitation time, greatly improves switching-on and switching-off speed, fully considers switching-on bouncing and switching-off bouncing inhibition through static holding force generated by the lower switching-on assembly 12, and simultaneously, compared with the prior art, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device has the advantages that when switching-on and switching-off are performed, acting force is generated firstly to offset holding force generated by the bistable spring holding device, switching-on and switching-off can be realized only by increasing driving force, so that the stroke is small, the efficiency is low, and the force for switching-on and switching-off is small.

Meanwhile, in the solid-sealed pole of the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device, the oil buffer arranged in the insulating pull rod directly absorbs rebound energy after the moving contact collides with the fixed contact, so that the closing bounce amplitude of the moving contact becomes low, the bounce times are reduced, the closing bounce time is less than 3ms, the closing bounce time is greatly reduced, and the problem of large closing bounce of the solid-sealed pole in the prior art is solved; the sliding connection between the conductive seat 4 and the movable conductive rod 221 effectively reduces the moving quality of the switch and the mechanical stress at the movable connection part of the switch, realizes the reliable tolerance of the high-speed movement impact of the high-current switch, and prolongs the service life of the connecting part to more than 5000 times; the multiple bridge support rings 26 are sequentially sleeved from the axial direction to the periphery in the moving contact structure, so that the surface magnetic field intensity of the moving contact structure is improved, the arc extinguishing capability is stronger when the moving contact structure is opened and closed, the arc extinguishing speed is higher, the opening and closing capability of short-circuit heavy current and capacity small current is greatly improved, 10000 times of rapid opening and closing can be tolerated, the deformation of the contact after ten-thousand times of opening and closing is not more than 1mm, the opening and closing capability of short-circuit heavy current 40kA and capacity back-to-back small current 400A is further improved, the defects that a conductive rod of a solid-sealed pole in the prior art is easy to deform, the mechanical life is short, the closing bounce is large, the long-stroke arc extinguishing capability is poor and easy to break are overcome, and the high-voltage high-capacity short-excitation high-speed low-power-consumption vacuum opening and closing device meeting the requirements of the novel power system for rapid control and protection is developed. In addition, the short-excitation high-speed vacuum opening and closing device has the following advantages:

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device, characterized by comprising: an electrically driven magnetic control mechanism and a solid sealing polar pole; wherein,

the solid-sealed polar pole is arranged above the electric drive magnetic control mechanism and is connected with the electric drive magnetic control mechanism;

when the opening action is performed, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates opening electromagnetic repulsive force to drive the movable contact of the solid-sealed pole to move to the opening position, so that opening is realized;

When the switching-on action is performed, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates switching-on electromagnetic thrust to drive the moving contact to move to a switching-on position, so that switching-on is realized;

at the opening position and/or the closing position, the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism generates static holding force so as to maintain the movable contact at the closing position or the opening position;

the solid sealed pole comprises:

a stationary contact;

the moving contact is arranged below the fixed contact;

one end of the insulating pull rod is connected with the movable contact, and the other end of the insulating pull rod is connected with a main drive transmission shaft of the electric drive magnetic control mechanism and is used for driving the movable contact to move under the action of the main drive transmission shaft so as to realize opening and closing actions;

a movable conducting rod is arranged at the bottom of the movable contact, and a conducting seat is arranged on one side of the movable conducting rod;

the movable conducting rod is slidably arranged in the conductive barrel in a penetrating mode;

the electric conduction device is characterized in that a holding spring is arranged in the electric conduction barrel, and the holding spring is sleeved on the periphery of the movable electric conduction rod and is used for realizing electric connection between the movable electric conduction rod and the electric conduction barrel by adopting contact finger spring connection.

2. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 1, wherein the electrically-driven magnetic control mechanism comprises: the upper opening assembly, the lower closing assembly and the main drive transmission shaft; wherein,

The lower switch-on assembly is arranged below the upper switch-off assembly, and the main drive transmission shaft is arranged on the upper switch-off assembly and the lower switch-off assembly in a penetrating manner in a sliding manner;

when the brake is opened, the upper brake opening assembly generates brake opening electromagnetic repulsive force to drive the main drive transmission to axially move in the brake opening position, so that brake opening is realized;

when the switching-on action is performed, the lower switching-on assembly generates switching-on electromagnetic thrust to drive the main drive transmission shaft to move along the switching-on position, so that switching-on is realized;

at the opening position and/or the closing position, the lower closing assembly generates a static holding force to maintain the main drive transmission shaft at the closing position or the opening position.

3. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 2, wherein the lower switching-on assembly comprises:

a lower cavity is formed in the lower magnetic yoke, and an annular permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the lower magnetic yoke;

a closing rotor slidably disposed in the lower cavity along the axial direction of the lower yoke;

the armature winding is wound on the outer wall of the switching-on rotor and is used for being electrified during switching-on action so as to magnetize the switching-on rotor, and switching-on electromagnetic thrust can be generated under the action of an annular permanent magnet and a magnetizing magnetic field of the switching-on rotor, so that the switching-on rotor drives the main drive transmission shaft to move in a switching-on position; and at the opening position and/or the closing position, the closing rotor and the annular permanent magnet generate magnetic flux, so that static permanent magnet retaining force is generated between the closing rotor and the annular permanent magnet, and the closing rotor is maintained at the opening position or the closing position.

4. A short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 3, wherein,

the closing rotor and/or the lower magnetic yoke are/is made of composite metal alloy steel magnetic conduction materials;

the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 80 parts by weight of iron, 2.0 to 2.3 parts by weight of carbon, 5.0 to 9.0 parts by weight of neodymium, 3.0 to 5.0 parts by weight of chromium, 0 to 0.4 part by weight of silicon and not 0, 0 to 0.4 part by weight of manganese and not 0, and 0 to 0.4 part by weight of copper and not 0.

5. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the composite metal alloy steel magnetic conductive material comprises the following steps:

adding iron, carbon, neodymium, chromium, silicon, manganese and copper into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain smelting molten steel;

purifying, cold isostatic pressing and forging hot rolling the primary molten steel in sequence to obtain alloy steel;

and carrying out heat treatment on the alloy steel to obtain the finished product part.

6. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment of the alloy steel material comprises:

performing primary quenching on the alloy steel to obtain a primary quenching product;

Tempering the primary quenched product until the tempering is cooled to a first preset temperature to obtain a primary tempered product;

carrying out secondary quenching on the primary tempered product to obtain a secondary quenched product;

tempering the re-quenched product until the tempering is cooled to a second preset temperature, and obtaining the finished part.

7. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 3, wherein a limiting magnetism isolating ring is arranged above and/or below the annular permanent magnet.

8. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 2, wherein the upper switching-off assembly comprises:

an upper yoke having an upper cavity therein;

the electrostatic repulsive force coil panel is arranged in the upper cavity;

the movable repulsion coil panel is arranged in the upper cavity, and is positioned below the static repulsion coil panel, and when the brake is opened, the static repulsion coil panel and the movable repulsion coil panel are electrified to generate electromagnetic force, so that the movable repulsion coil is enabled to act, and the main drive transmission is driven to move along the axial brake opening position, so that brake opening is realized.

9. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein,

The inside of insulating pull rod is equipped with the contact spring, and be equipped with the mounting hole in the contact spring, be equipped with the oil buffer in the mounting hole for absorb the rebound energy after static contact and the moving contact collision.

10. The short-excitation high-speed vacuum switching device according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of bridge support rings sleeved in sequence from the axial direction to the outer periphery are arranged in the fixed contact and/or the moving contact.