CN116522643A - Automatic construction method and system for power grid operation simulation scheme library - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于电力调度自动化技术领域,提供一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法及系统,包括获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,并基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式;针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障;基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库。本发明为调度员提供大量分类化的实用电网运行模拟方案。
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power dispatching automation, and provides a method and system for automatically constructing a power grid operation simulation scheme library, including acquiring and analyzing power grid operation simulation topics and power grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions, combining power grid physical models and data to extract power grid characteristic models, And based on the section matching algorithm, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme is generated; for different power grid operation simulation themes of fault handling, different preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme are generated; based on the scheduling knowledge base and the disposal scheme library, the set of disposal schemes is obtained by knowledge reasoning , through the grid operation simulation program preparation result evaluation system to evaluate the set of disposal programs, and obtain the optimal disposal program; classify the preliminary grid operation simulation programs according to the grid operation simulation theme, and generate the grid operation simulation program library. The invention provides dispatchers with a large number of classified practical grid operation simulation schemes.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电力调度自动化技术领域,具体涉及一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法与系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power dispatching automation, and in particular relates to a method and system for automatically constructing a grid operation simulation scheme library.
背景技术Background technique
调度员培训仿真系统(Dispatcher Training System,简称DTS)为调度员专业技能培训和联合反事故演习提供了高效便捷的平台,对提高调控人员业务分析研究能力和事故综合处理能力起到至关重要的作用。随着交直流混联电网建设的不断推进,以及新能源并网规模的爆发式增长,电网运行特性日益复杂,电网调度电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式生成与潮流调试工作难度随之加大。但是,当前DTS智能化水平低,电网运行模拟方案调试流程复杂,仍需依赖有经验的教员人工编制电网运行模拟方案,并需要全程参与演练培训仿真指导学员解决方案预存电网故障,工作量大,费时费力;另外,目前DTS演练培训仿真电网运行模拟方案资源严重不足,电网运行模拟方案往往针对指定故障类型且未进行系统化分类管理,无法满足在线演练培训仿真中调度员对特定培训演练内容的需要,导致调度员学习演练不系统、不充分,且演练培训内容针对性不强、实用性不高,很难满足多调度员同时参与培训及个性化的演练培训需求,致使DTS不能成为调度员随时随地“按需演练培训”的日常化、自主化的仿真工具。The Dispatcher Training System (DTS for short) provides an efficient and convenient platform for dispatcher professional skills training and joint anti-accident drills, and plays a vital role in improving the business analysis and research capabilities of control personnel and comprehensive accident handling capabilities effect. With the continuous advancement of the construction of AC-DC hybrid power grids and the explosive growth of new energy grid-connected scales, the operating characteristics of power grids have become increasingly complex, and the difficulty of generating the initial operation mode and power flow debugging of power grid operation simulation schemes for power grid dispatching has increased. However, the current level of DTS intelligence is low, and the debugging process of the power grid operation simulation scheme is complicated. It still needs to rely on experienced teachers to manually compile the power grid operation simulation scheme, and they need to participate in the whole process of drill training and simulation guidance to train students to solve the pre-stored power grid faults. The workload is heavy. Time-consuming and labor-intensive; in addition, the current DTS drill training simulation power grid operation simulation program has a serious shortage of resources. The power grid operation simulation program is often aimed at specified fault types without systematic classification management, which cannot meet the needs of dispatchers for specific training drill content in online drill training simulation. Necessary, resulting in unsystematic and insufficient training exercises for dispatchers, and the drill training content is not targeted and practical, and it is difficult to meet the needs of multiple dispatchers participating in training and personalized training drills at the same time, resulting in DTS not being able to become a dispatcher A daily and autonomous simulation tool for "on-demand drill training" anytime, anywhere.
现有的培训教案生成方法只关注DTS系统生成的电网初始运行条件是否与培训教案内容一致,并未考虑教案中包含的复杂多变的电网故障情况,也未给出如何自动生成解决电网故障的标准解决方案的方法,无法实现学员的自主化、个性化培训。另外,如果根据潮流计算结果无法通过改变电网设备运行参数得到可行解,则需要通过改变教案约束条件,该方法并未说明如何通过自动化的方式调整教案初始约束条件,仍需要教员依靠人工经验对原始教案进行调整再利用此方法得到可行解。The existing training teaching plan generation methods only focus on whether the initial operating conditions of the power grid generated by the DTS system are consistent with the content of the training teaching plan. The method of standard solutions cannot realize the autonomous and personalized training of students. In addition, if the feasible solution cannot be obtained by changing the operating parameters of the power grid equipment according to the calculation results of the power flow, it is necessary to change the constraint conditions of the teaching plan. This method does not explain how to adjust the initial constraint conditions of the teaching plan in an automated way. Adjust the teaching plan and use this method to get a feasible solution.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法及系统。本发明通过自动化、智能化的电网运行模拟方案生成流程,减轻教员工作量,为调度员提供大量分类化的实用电网运行模拟方案。In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for automatically constructing a grid operation simulation scheme library. The invention reduces the workload of teachers through the automated and intelligent grid operation simulation scheme generation process, and provides dispatchers with a large number of classified and practical grid operation simulation schemes.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
第一方面,本发明提供一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法,包括:In the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatically building a power grid operation simulation scheme library, including:
获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,并基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式;Obtain and analyze the power grid operation simulation theme and grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions, combine the power grid physical model and data to extract the power grid characteristic model, and generate the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm;
针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障;According to different power grid operation simulation themes for fault handling, different power grid operation simulation schemes are generated with preset faults;
基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案;Based on the dispatching knowledge base and the disposal plan library, the disposal plan set is obtained by knowledge reasoning, and the disposal plan set is evaluated through the grid operation simulation plan preparation result evaluation system to obtain the optimal disposal plan;
将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库。Combining the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme, and the optimal disposal scheme to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; classifying the preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme according to the power grid operation simulation theme, and generating Grid operation simulation program library.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述电网运行模拟主题包括正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题与故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题;As a further improvement of the present invention, the power grid operation simulation theme includes a power grid operation simulation scheme theme for normal operation and a power grid operation simulation scheme theme for fault handling;
所述正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题包括母线电压越限、线路功率越限、负荷功率越限、损失负荷及运行方式改变;The subjects of the normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme include bus voltage exceeding the limit, line power exceeding the limit, load power exceeding the limit, load loss and operation mode change;
所述故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题包括直流故障、交流故障及连锁故障;The themes of the grid operation simulation scheme for fault handling include DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults;
所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件包括全网总负荷、全网总发电、重点联络线功率、重点断面功率、重点发电机出力、重点直流系统功率、重点负荷功率和重点设备投运状态;所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件基于电网设备拓扑结构和电网设备运行状态设定,将有效的电网运行模拟方案约束条件作为电网特征模型。The constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme include the total load of the entire network, the total power generation of the entire network, the power of key tie lines, the power of key sections, the output of key generators, the power of key DC systems, the power of key loads, and the state of operation of key equipment; The constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme are set based on the topological structure of the grid equipment and the operating state of the grid equipment, and the effective grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions are used as the grid characteristic model.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme generated based on the section matching algorithm includes:
利用断面匹配算法与历史状态估计断面进行相似度匹配,相似度匹配方法如下:Use the section matching algorithm to perform similarity matching with the historical state estimation section. The similarity matching method is as follows:
SIMt=αiCit SIM t = α i C it
式中,SIMt表示历史t时刻的电网断面与该电网运行模拟方案要求的运行断面的匹配度,Cit为电网运行模拟方案要求的第i项约束条件与t时刻断面的匹配度,αi为第i项约束条件所占的权重系数;In the formula, SIM t represents the matching degree between the grid section at the historical time t and the operation section required by the power grid operation simulation scheme, C it is the matching degree between the i-th constraint condition required by the grid operation simulation scheme and the section at time t, α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th constraint condition;
选取SIMt最小值的t时刻的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案的原始运行方式,根据电网运行模拟方案约束条件对原始运行方式进行调节,并通过潮流计算验证原始运行方式是否满足潮流收敛,如果潮流不收敛则需改变电网运行模拟方案约束条件,根据Cit分值的大小作为参考,修改Cit分值小的一项对应的电网运行模拟方案约束条件;将满足潮流收敛的调节后的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式。Select the state estimation section at time t of the minimum value of SIM t as the original operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, adjust the original operation mode according to the constraints of the power grid operation simulation program, and verify whether the original operation mode meets the power flow convergence through power flow calculation, if If the power flow does not converge, it is necessary to change the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme. According to the size of the C it score as a reference, modify the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme corresponding to the one with the smaller C it score; the adjusted state will satisfy the convergence of the power flow The estimated section is used as the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, the generation of preset faults in different power grid operation simulation schemes for different power grid operation simulation themes of fault handling includes:
电网故障处置预案包括变电站概况、故障现象和应急处置措施数据;The power grid fault handling plan includes substation overview, fault phenomenon and emergency response measures data;
通过正则表达式以关键词抽取的方式对故障处置预案进行知识抽取;Knowledge extraction of fault handling plans by means of keyword extraction through regular expressions;
将抽取后的故障分为电网运行模拟方案预设故障的直流故障、交流故障和连锁故障,形成预设故障库;The extracted faults are divided into DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults of preset faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme to form a preset fault library;
根据设备类型,对预设故障库进行扩充;针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题从扩充后的预设故障库中随机选择符合要求的故障生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障。According to the type of equipment, the preset fault library is expanded; for different grid operation simulation themes of fault handling, the faults that meet the requirements are randomly selected from the expanded preset fault library to generate different grid operation simulation scheme preset faults.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障后,所述方法还包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, after generating different power grid operation simulation schemes to preset faults, the method further includes:
完善电网运行模拟方案特征模型,具体包括:Improve the characteristic model of power grid operation simulation scheme, including:
基于提取的电网特征模型,结合电网运行模拟方案预设故障,进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,将故障前后电网工况数据和电网运行模拟方案预设故障作为电网运行模拟方案特征模型。Based on the extracted power grid characteristic model, combined with the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme, topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed, and the power grid working condition data before and after the fault and the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme are used as the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, the scheduling-based knowledge base and the disposal scheme base use knowledge reasoning to obtain a set of disposal schemes, including:
对电网故障处置预案进行解析,分为预案预想故障、预案电网初始运行方式、预案故障后运行方式及影响预案故障处置措施;Analyze the power grid fault handling plan, which is divided into the expected failure of the plan, the initial operation mode of the power grid in the plan, the operation mode after the failure of the plan, and the fault handling measures affecting the plan;
对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Knowledge extraction is carried out on the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and knowledge reasoning is carried out by using the method of decision-making knowledge graph to establish a disposal plan library.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, the knowledge extraction of the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and the establishment of a disposal plan library by knowledge reasoning using the decision-making knowledge map method include:
采用深度学习方法对电网调度控制管理规程进行实体识别,完善调度知识库,并建立决策知识图谱;Use the deep learning method to identify the entities of the power grid dispatching control management procedures, improve the dispatching knowledge base, and establish a decision-making knowledge map;
建立决策知识图谱为:Establish a decision-making knowledge map as:
DG=(E,C,R,A)DG=(E,C,R,A)
DG为决策知识图谱引擎;E为电网运行工况实体集合,包括电网拓扑结构和电网潮流结果数据,E={e1,e2,…,em},包括断路器、刀闸开断状态、负荷功率、发电机出力、线路功率、变压器功率、断面功率、母线电压、发电机开机数及调相机开机数;C为条件定义集合,为电网运行方式集合,C={c1,c2,…,cl};R为规则集,为满足条件C触发操作的规则,根据电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程进行知识提取、知识融合和知识推理生成;A为故障处置调度操作集合,A={a1,a2,…,an},包括电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程中包含的开关刀闸操作、调整机组出力、调整电厂出力、调整厂站、区域负荷功率、控制断面功率和直流功率调制;DG is the decision-making knowledge graph engine; E is the entity set of power grid operating conditions, including power grid topology and power flow result data, E={e1,e2,...,em}, including circuit breaker, knife switch opening status, load power , generator output, line power, transformer power, cross-section power, bus voltage, number of generators running and condensers running; C is a set of condition definitions and a set of grid operation modes, C={c1,c2,…,cl} ; R is a rule set, in order to meet the rules of condition C triggering operation, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge reasoning generation are carried out according to the power grid fault plan and dispatching control management regulations; A is the set of fault handling dispatching operations, A={a1,a2, …, an}, including the operation of switch switch, adjustment of unit output, adjustment of power plant output, adjustment of power station, regional load power, control section power and DC power modulation included in the power grid failure plan and dispatch control management regulations;
对电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用建立的所述决策知识图谱的方法对于抽取后的数据进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Carry out knowledge extraction on the power grid fault disposal plan, and use the established decision-making knowledge map method to perform knowledge reasoning on the extracted data to establish a disposal plan library.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, the evaluation system for compiling the results of the power grid operation simulation plan evaluates the disposal plan set to obtain the optimal disposal plan, including:
基于知识推理对处置方案集合进行搜索评估,当搜索评估结果匹配且满足规则集中的规则时,输出故障处置方案;Search and evaluate the solution set based on knowledge reasoning, and output the fault solution when the search and evaluation results match and meet the rules in the rule set;
基于电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,选取得分最高的故障处置方案作为最优处置方案;电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系如下:Based on the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan, the fault disposal plan with the highest score is selected as the optimal disposal plan; the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan is as follows:
Scorei=weSei+woSoi Score i =w e S ei +w o S oi
式中,Scorei为处置方案Ai的综合得分,we和wo为电气指标和非电气指标权重,Sei和Soi为处置方案Ai的电气指标得分和非电气指标得分;In the formula, Score i is the comprehensive score of the disposal scheme Ai, w e and w o are the weights of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators, S ei and S oi are the scores of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators of the disposal scheme Ai;
电气指标得分Sei是电气指标评分总和,包括越限设备数量、越限功率百分比、重载设备数量、重载设备百分比及全网网损;非电气指标Soi是非电气指标得分总和,包括操作步骤数、调度涉及范围;Sei和Soi进行加权相加得到处置方案Ai的综合得分Scorei,全部处置方案按照综合得分选择得分最高的作为电网运行模拟方案的最优处置方案。The electrical index score S ei is the sum of the electrical index scores, including the number of off-limit equipment, the percentage of off-limit power, the number of heavy-duty equipment, the percentage of heavy-duty equipment, and the network loss of the entire network; the non-electrical index S oi is the sum of the non-electrical index scores, including the operation The number of steps, the scope involved in dispatching; S ei and S oi are weighted and added to obtain the comprehensive score Score i of the disposal scheme Ai, and all disposal schemes are selected according to the comprehensive score with the highest score as the optimal disposal scheme of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库,具体包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme are combined to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; Classify the preliminary power grid operation simulation schemes to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library, including:
将生成的电网运行模拟方案预设故障及最优处置方案分步转化为电网运行模拟方案事件;电网运行模拟方案预设故障中一个设备故障作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,最优处置方案中一次调度操作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,按照时间先后顺序进行排序形成电网运行模拟方案事件序列;方案事件触发的结果为电网设备的运行状态改变,包括开关分合、发电机出力变化、负荷功率变化;Convert the generated power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults and optimal disposal schemes into power grid operation simulation scheme events step by step; a device failure in the power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults is regarded as a power grid operation simulation scheme event, and one time in the optimal disposal scheme The scheduling operation is a power grid operation simulation plan event, which is sorted in chronological order to form a power grid operation simulation plan event sequence; the result triggered by the plan event is the change of the operating state of the power grid equipment, including switch opening and closing, generator output change, and load power change ;
在生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式的基础上依次触发电网运行模拟方案事件序列中故障,并进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,仿真模拟故障前后电网运行状态改变;On the basis of the initial operation mode of the generated power grid operation simulation scheme, the faults in the event sequence of the power grid operation simulation scheme are triggered sequentially, and topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed to simulate the change of power grid operation status before and after the fault;
将生成的电网运行模拟方案根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成电网运行模拟方案库。Classify the generated power grid operation simulation scheme according to the power grid operation simulation theme to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
第二方面,本发明提供一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建系统,包括:In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for automatically building a power grid operation simulation scheme library, including:
初始运行方式生成模块,用于获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,并基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式;The initial operation mode generation module is used to obtain and analyze the power grid operation simulation theme and the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme, combine the power grid physical model and data to extract the power grid characteristic model, and generate the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm;
预设故障生成模块,用于针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障;The preset fault generation module is used to generate different grid operation simulation scheme preset faults according to different power grid operation simulation themes for fault handling;
最优处置方案生成模块,用于基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案;The optimal disposal plan generation module is used to obtain the disposal plan set by using knowledge reasoning based on the scheduling knowledge base and the disposal plan library, and evaluate the disposal plan set through the grid operation simulation plan preparation result evaluation system to obtain the optimal disposal plan;
模拟方案库生成模块,用于将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库。The simulation scheme library generation module is used to combine the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; The power grid operation simulation schemes are classified to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述初始运行方式生成模块中,所述电网运行模拟主题包括正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题与故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题;As a further improvement of the present invention, in the initial operation mode generation module, the power grid operation simulation theme includes a normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme theme and a fault handling power grid operation simulation scheme theme;
所述正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题包括母线电压越限、线路功率越限、负荷功率越限、损失负荷及运行方式改变;The subjects of the normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme include bus voltage exceeding the limit, line power exceeding the limit, load power exceeding the limit, load loss and operation mode change;
所述故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题包括直流故障、交流故障及连锁故障;The themes of the grid operation simulation scheme for fault handling include DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults;
所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件包括全网总负荷、全网总发电、重点联络线功率、重点断面功率、重点发电机出力、重点直流系统功率、重点负荷功率和重点设备投运状态;所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件基于电网设备拓扑结构和电网设备运行状态设定,将有效的电网运行模拟方案约束条件作为电网特征模型。The constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme include the total load of the entire network, the total power generation of the entire network, the power of key tie lines, the power of key sections, the output of key generators, the power of key DC systems, the power of key loads, and the state of operation of key equipment; The constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme are set based on the topological structure of the grid equipment and the operating state of the grid equipment, and the effective grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions are used as the grid characteristic model.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述初始运行方式生成模块中,所述基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the initial operation mode generation module, the generation of the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm includes:
利用断面匹配算法与历史状态估计断面进行相似度匹配,相似度匹配方法如下:Use the section matching algorithm to perform similarity matching with the historical state estimation section. The similarity matching method is as follows:
SIMt=αiCit SIM t = α i C it
式中,SIMt表示历史t时刻的电网断面与该电网运行模拟方案要求的运行断面的匹配度,Cit为电网运行模拟方案要求的第i项约束条件与t时刻断面的匹配度,αi为第i项约束条件所占的权重系数;In the formula, SIM t represents the matching degree between the grid section at the historical time t and the operation section required by the power grid operation simulation scheme, C it is the matching degree between the i-th constraint condition required by the grid operation simulation scheme and the section at time t, α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th constraint condition;
选取SIMt最小值的t时刻的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案的原始运行方式,根据电网运行模拟方案约束条件对原始运行方式进行调节,并通过潮流计算验证原始运行方式是否满足潮流收敛,如果潮流不收敛则需改变电网运行模拟方案约束条件,根据Cit分值的大小作为参考,修改Cit分值小的一项对应的电网运行模拟方案约束条件;将满足潮流收敛的调节后的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式。Select the state estimation section at time t of the minimum value of SIM t as the original operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, adjust the original operation mode according to the constraints of the power grid operation simulation program, and verify whether the original operation mode meets the power flow convergence through power flow calculation, if If the power flow does not converge, it is necessary to change the constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme. According to the size of the C it score as a reference, modify the corresponding grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions of the smaller C it score; the adjusted state of the power flow convergence will be satisfied The estimated section is used as the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述预设故障生成模块中,所述针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the preset fault generation module, the generation of preset faults of different power grid operation simulation schemes for different power grid operation simulation themes of fault handling includes:
电网故障处置预案包括变电站概况、故障现象和应急处置措施数据;The power grid fault handling plan includes substation overview, fault phenomenon and emergency response measures data;
通过正则表达式以关键词抽取的方式对故障处置预案进行知识抽取;Knowledge extraction of fault handling plans by means of keyword extraction through regular expressions;
将抽取后的故障分为电网运行模拟方案预设故障的直流故障、交流故障和连锁故障,形成预设故障库;The extracted faults are divided into DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults of preset faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme to form a preset fault library;
根据设备类型,对预设故障库进行扩充;针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题从扩充后的预设故障库中随机选择符合要求的故障生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障。According to the type of equipment, the preset fault library is expanded; for different grid operation simulation themes of fault handling, the faults that meet the requirements are randomly selected from the expanded preset fault library to generate different grid operation simulation scheme preset faults.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述预设故障生成模块中,所述生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障后,所述方法还包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the preset fault generating module, after generating different power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults, the method further includes:
基于提取的电网特征模型,结合电网运行模拟方案预设故障,进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,将故障前后电网工况数据和电网运行模拟方案预设故障作为电网运行模拟方案特征模型。Based on the extracted power grid characteristic model, combined with the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme, topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed, and the power grid working condition data before and after the fault and the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme are used as the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述最优处置方案生成模块中,所述基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the optimal treatment plan generation module, the set of treatment plans obtained by knowledge reasoning based on the scheduling knowledge base and the treatment plan library includes:
对电网故障处置预案进行解析,分为预案预想故障、预案电网初始运行方式、预案故障后运行方式及影响预案故障处置措施;Analyze the power grid fault handling plan, which is divided into the expected failure of the plan, the initial operation mode of the power grid in the plan, the operation mode after the failure of the plan, and the fault handling measures affecting the plan;
对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Knowledge extraction is carried out on the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and knowledge reasoning is carried out by using the method of decision-making knowledge graph to establish a disposal plan library.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述最优处置方案生成模块中,所述对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the optimal disposal scheme generation module, the knowledge extraction is performed on the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and knowledge reasoning is performed using the method of decision-making knowledge graph to establish a disposal scheme library, including:
采用深度学习方法对电网调度控制管理规程进行实体识别,完善调度知识库,并建立决策知识图谱;Use the deep learning method to identify the entities of the power grid dispatching control management procedures, improve the dispatching knowledge base, and establish a decision-making knowledge map;
建立决策知识图谱为:Establish a decision-making knowledge graph as:
DG=(E,C,R,A)DG=(E,C,R,A)
DG为决策知识图谱引擎;E为电网运行工况实体集合,包括电网拓扑结构和电网潮流结果数据,E={e1,e2,…,em},包括断路器、刀闸开断状态、负荷功率、发电机出力、线路功率、变压器功率、断面功率、母线电压、发电机开机数及调相机开机数;C为条件定义集合,为电网运行方式集合,C={c1,c2,…,cl};R为规则集,为满足条件C触发操作的规则,根据电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程进行知识提取、知识融合和知识推理生成;A为故障处置调度操作集合,A={a1,a2,…,an},包括电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程中包含的开关刀闸操作、调整机组出力、调整电厂出力、调整厂站、区域负荷功率、控制断面功率和直流功率调制;DG is the decision-making knowledge graph engine; E is the entity set of power grid operating conditions, including power grid topology and power flow result data, E={e1,e2,...,em}, including circuit breaker, knife switch opening status, load power , generator output, line power, transformer power, cross-section power, bus voltage, number of generators running and condensers running; C is a set of condition definitions and a set of grid operation modes, C={c1,c2,…,cl} ; R is a rule set, in order to meet the rules of condition C triggering operation, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge reasoning generation are carried out according to the power grid fault plan and dispatching control management regulations; A is the set of fault handling dispatching operations, A={a1,a2, …, an}, including the operation of switch switch, adjustment of unit output, adjustment of power plant output, adjustment of power station, regional load power, control section power and DC power modulation included in the power grid failure plan and dispatch control management regulations;
对电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用建立的所述决策知识图谱的方法对于抽取后的数据进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Carry out knowledge extraction on the power grid fault disposal plan, and use the established decision-making knowledge map method to perform knowledge reasoning on the extracted data to establish a disposal plan library.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述最优处置方案生成模块中,所述通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the optimal disposal plan generation module, the evaluation system for the preparation result evaluation system of the power grid operation simulation plan evaluates the set of disposal plans to obtain the optimal disposal plan, including:
基于知识推理对处置方案集合进行搜索评估,当搜索评估结果匹配且满足规则集中的规则时,输出故障处置方案;Search and evaluate the solution set based on knowledge reasoning, and output the fault solution when the search and evaluation results match and meet the rules in the rule set;
基于电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,选取得分最高的故障处置方案作为最优处置方案;电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系如下:Based on the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan, the fault disposal plan with the highest score is selected as the optimal disposal plan; the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan is as follows:
Scorei=weSei+woSoi Score i =w e S ei +w o S oi
式中,Scorei为处置方案Ai的综合得分,we和wo为电气指标和非电气指标权重,Sei和Soi为处置方案Ai的电气指标得分和非电气指标得分;In the formula, Score i is the comprehensive score of the disposal scheme Ai, w e and w o are the weights of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators, S ei and S oi are the scores of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators of the disposal scheme Ai;
电气指标得分Sei是电气指标评分总和,包括越限设备数量、越限功率百分比、重载设备数量、重载设备百分比及全网网损;非电气指标Soi是非电气指标得分总和,包括操作步骤数、调度涉及范围;Sei和Soi进行加权相加得到处置方案Ai的综合得分Scorei,全部处置方案按照综合得分选择得分最高的作为电网运行模拟方案的最优处置方案。The electrical index score S ei is the sum of the electrical index scores, including the number of off-limit equipment, the percentage of off-limit power, the number of heavy-duty equipment, the percentage of heavy-duty equipment, and the network loss of the entire network; the non-electrical index S oi is the sum of the non-electrical index scores, including the operation The number of steps, the scope involved in dispatching; S ei and S oi are weighted and added to obtain the comprehensive score Score i of the disposal scheme Ai, and all disposal schemes are selected according to the comprehensive score with the highest score as the optimal disposal scheme of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述模拟方案库生成模块中,所述将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库,具体包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the simulation scheme library generation module, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme are combined to form a preliminary power grid operation Simulation schemes: classify the preliminary power grid operation simulation schemes according to the power grid operation simulation theme, and generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library, specifically including:
将生成的电网运行模拟方案预设故障及最优处置方案分步转化为电网运行模拟方案事件;电网运行模拟方案预设故障中一个设备故障作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,最优处置方案中一次调度操作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,按照时间先后顺序进行排序形成电网运行模拟方案事件序列;方案事件触发的结果为电网设备的运行状态改变,包括开关分合、发电机出力变化、负荷功率变化;Convert the generated power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults and optimal disposal schemes into power grid operation simulation scheme events step by step; a device failure in the power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults is regarded as a power grid operation simulation scheme event, and one time in the optimal disposal scheme The scheduling operation is a power grid operation simulation plan event, which is sorted in chronological order to form a power grid operation simulation plan event sequence; the result triggered by the plan event is the change of the operating state of the power grid equipment, including switch opening and closing, generator output change, and load power change ;
在生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式的基础上依次触发电网运行模拟方案事件序列中故障,并进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,仿真模拟故障前后电网运行状态改变;On the basis of the initial operation mode of the generated power grid operation simulation scheme, the faults in the event sequence of the power grid operation simulation scheme are triggered sequentially, and topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed to simulate the change of power grid operation status before and after the fault;
将生成的电网运行模拟方案根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成电网运行模拟方案库。Classify the generated power grid operation simulation scheme according to the power grid operation simulation theme to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
第三方面,本发明提供一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现所述电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法的步骤。In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and the processor implements the computer program when executing the computer program. The steps of the method for automatically constructing the power grid operation simulation scheme library.
第四方面,本发明提供一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现所述电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法的步骤。In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for automatically constructing the power grid operation simulation scheme library are implemented.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明提出的一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法,根据所选电网运行模拟主题自动生成定制化电网运行模拟方案,包括电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、预设故障及处置方案,并分类形成定制化电网运行模拟方案库。根据所选电网运行模拟方案主题自动生成定制化电网运行模拟方案,并分类形成定制化电网运行模拟方案库。利用断面匹配算法与历史状态估计断面进行相似度匹配获取相似度最高的状态估计断面,在此基础上进行运行方式调整生成定制化电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式,生成预设故障后,基于决策知识图谱采用知识推理方法得到最优处置方案,结合电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、预设故障及处置方案生成定制化电网运行模拟方案,实现了电网运行模拟方案的自动生成,减轻了教员工作量。通过自动化、智能化的电网运行模拟方案生成流程,减轻教员工作量,为调度员提供大量分类化的实用电网运行模拟方案。The invention proposes a method for automatically constructing a power grid operation simulation scheme library, which automatically generates a customized power grid operation simulation scheme according to the selected power grid operation simulation theme, including the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, preset faults and disposal schemes, and forms them by classification Customized power grid operation simulation program library. According to the theme of the selected power grid operation simulation scheme, the customized power grid operation simulation scheme is automatically generated, and a library of customized power grid operation simulation schemes is formed by classification. Use the cross-section matching algorithm to perform similarity matching with the historical state estimation cross-section to obtain the state estimation cross-section with the highest similarity. On this basis, adjust the operation mode to generate the initial operation mode of the customized power grid operation simulation scheme. After generating the preset fault, based on the decision-making knowledge Tupu uses the knowledge reasoning method to obtain the optimal disposal plan, and combines the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation plan, preset faults and disposal plans to generate a customized power grid operation simulation plan, which realizes the automatic generation of the power grid operation simulation plan and reduces the workload of teachers. Through the automatic and intelligent generation process of power grid operation simulation schemes, the workload of teachers is reduced, and a large number of classified and practical power grid operation simulation schemes are provided for dispatchers.
进一步,本发明还提出了基于调度知识库与处置方案库生成故障处置方案的方法,基于电网故障处置预案和电网调度控制管理规程利用知识提取、知识融合和知识推理方法构建调度知识库和处置方案库,根据预设故障通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系得到最优处置方案,满足在线培训中调度员对特定培训演练内容的需要,辅助调度员在没有教员指导的情况下进行培训。Further, the present invention also proposes a method for generating a fault disposal plan based on the scheduling knowledge base and the disposal scheme library, and constructs the dispatching knowledge base and the disposal scheme based on the grid fault handling plan and the grid dispatching control management regulations using knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion, and knowledge reasoning methods library, according to the preset faults, the optimal disposal plan can be obtained through the evaluation system of the grid operation simulation plan, which meets the needs of the dispatcher for the specific training drill content in the online training, and assists the dispatcher to conduct training without the guidance of the instructor.
进一步,本发明的电网运行模拟方案库自动构建系统,调度员可使用DTS启动该定制化电网运行模拟方案,能够在没有教员的情况下进行随时随地、自主按需进行电网调度模拟仿真和演练培训,提升了调度员调度技能及业务水平。Further, in the automatic construction system of the power grid operation simulation scheme library of the present invention, the dispatcher can use DTS to start the customized power grid operation simulation scheme, and can carry out power grid dispatching simulation simulation and drill training independently and on demand anytime, anywhere without a teacher , Improving the scheduling skills and business level of dispatchers.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法流程图;Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically building a power grid operation simulation scheme library according to the present invention;
图2为一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法流程图;Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for automatically constructing a power grid operation simulation scheme library;
图3为定制化电网运行模拟方案自动生成流程图;Figure 3 is a flow chart for the automatic generation of a customized power grid operation simulation scheme;
图4为定制化电网运行模拟方案库构成;Figure 4 shows the composition of the customized power grid operation simulation program library;
图5为本发明提供的电网运行模拟方案库自动构建系统示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the automatic construction system of the power grid operation simulation scheme library provided by the present invention;
图6为定制化电网运行模拟方案库自动生成系统结构图;Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the automatic generation system of the customized power grid operation simulation scheme library;
图7为本发明提供的一种电子设备示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only It is an embodiment of a part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是,本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.
术语解释Terminology Explanation
1)调度员培训模拟(DTS,Dispatcher Training Simulator)。1) Dispatcher training simulation (DTS, Dispatcher Training Simulator).
调度员培训模拟是一套数字仿真系统,它运用计算机技术,通过建立实际电力系统的数学模型,再现各种调度操作和故障后的系统工况,并将这些信息送到电力系统控制中心的模型内,为调度员提供一个逼真的培训环境,以达到既不影响实际电力系统的运行而又使调度员得到身临其境的实战演练的目的。DTS是电网培训和研究分析的最佳工具。Dispatcher training simulation is a set of digital simulation system, which uses computer technology to reproduce various dispatching operations and system conditions after faults by establishing a mathematical model of the actual power system, and sends this information to the model of the power system control center In order to provide a realistic training environment for the dispatcher, so as to achieve the purpose of not affecting the operation of the actual power system and allowing the dispatcher to get an immersive actual combat exercise. DTS is the best tool for power grid training and research analysis.
2)教员:对电网运行模拟仿真过程进行监视、控制和评价的教练员,一般由有经验的调度员担任。2) Instructor: The trainer who monitors, controls and evaluates the power grid operation simulation process is usually an experienced dispatcher.
3)学员:进行电网运行模拟仿真,接受培训提高调度技能及业务水平的调度员或其他人员。3) Trainees: Dispatchers or other personnel who conduct power grid operation simulations and receive training to improve dispatching skills and business levels.
目前电网运行模拟方案资源严重不足,电网运行模拟方案往往针对指定故障类型且未进行系统化分类管理,无法满足运行演练培训仿真中调度员对特定电网运行模拟内容的需要,导致调度员学习演练不系统、不充分。并且没有经验的学员对于电网网架结构和复杂故障不熟悉,在没有故障解决方案的情况下需要教员全程参与调度演练培训才能完成演练培训。At present, the resources of the power grid operation simulation scheme are seriously insufficient. The power grid operation simulation scheme is often aimed at the specified fault type and has not been systematically classified and managed. It cannot meet the needs of the dispatcher for the specific power grid operation simulation content in the operation drill training simulation, resulting in insufficient learning and drill for the dispatcher. System, insufficient. In addition, inexperienced trainees are not familiar with grid structure and complex faults. In the absence of fault solutions, instructors need to participate in the dispatching drill training to complete the drill training.
另外,当前DTS电网运行模拟方案依赖人工制作,教员不仅需要设置电网初始运行方式,还需要将标准处置方案在DTS模拟验证,如果验证失败则需要反复调节初始断面,导致教员工作繁重,电网运行模拟方案制作过程费时费力,不能及时制作电网运行模拟方案以响应调度员自主演练培训需求,亟需构建电网运行模拟方案自动化、智能化生成系统,自动生成培训演练电网运行模拟方案和故障处置方案,减轻教员工作量。In addition, the current DTS power grid operation simulation scheme relies on manual production. Instructors not only need to set the initial grid operation mode, but also need to simulate and verify the standard disposal scheme in DTS. The plan production process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it is impossible to make a power grid operation simulation plan in time to respond to the dispatcher's autonomous training training needs. Faculty workload.
如图1所示,本发明实施例提出了一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法与系统,包括:As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a method and system for automatically constructing a power grid operation simulation scheme library, including:
S1,获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,并基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式;S1. Obtain and analyze the power grid operation simulation theme and grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions, combine the power grid physical model and data to extract the power grid characteristic model, and generate the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm;
S2,针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障;S2, according to different power grid operation simulation themes of fault handling, generate different power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults;
S3,基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案;S3, based on the dispatching knowledge base and the disposal scheme database, use knowledge reasoning to obtain the disposal scheme set, evaluate the disposal scheme set through the grid operation simulation scheme preparation result evaluation system, and obtain the optimal disposal scheme;
S4,将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库。S4, combining the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme, and the optimal disposal scheme to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; classifying the preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme according to the theme of the power grid operation simulation , to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
自动根据所选故障类型自动生成定制化电网运行模拟方案,包括电网运行模拟方案运行方式、预设故障和故障处置方案,从而使调度员能在没有教员的情况下使用定制化电网运行模拟方案进行演练培训仿真,减轻教员工作量,提高培训效率和效果,将定制化电网运行模拟方案库应用于DTS等电网高级应用,能够提升DTS系统实用化和智能化水平。Automatically generate a customized power grid operation simulation scheme according to the selected fault type, including the operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, preset faults and fault handling schemes, so that the dispatcher can use the customized power grid operation simulation scheme without a teacher. Drill training simulation can reduce the workload of teachers, improve training efficiency and effect, and apply customized power grid operation simulation program library to advanced power grid applications such as DTS, which can improve the practical and intelligent level of DTS system.
实施例1Example 1
以下对本发明实施例的各个步骤进行详细说明。Each step of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.
在上述实施例中,步骤S1中,所述电网运行模拟主题包括正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题与故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题;In the above embodiment, in step S1, the power grid operation simulation theme includes the theme of the power grid operation simulation scheme for normal operation and the power grid operation simulation scheme theme for fault handling;
所述正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题包括母线电压越限、线路功率越限、负荷功率越限、损失负荷及运行方式改变;The subjects of the normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme include bus voltage exceeding the limit, line power exceeding the limit, load power exceeding the limit, load loss and operation mode change;
所述故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题包括直流故障、交流故障及连锁故障;The themes of the grid operation simulation scheme for fault handling include DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults;
所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件包括全网总负荷、全网总发电、重点联络线功率、重点断面功率、重点发电机出力、重点直流系统功率、重点负荷功率和重点设备投运状态;所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件基于电网设备拓扑结构和电网设备运行状态设定,将有效的电网运行模拟方案约束条件作为电网特征模型。The constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme include the total load of the entire network, the total power generation of the entire network, the power of key tie lines, the power of key sections, the output of key generators, the power of key DC systems, the power of key loads, and the state of operation of key equipment; The constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme are set based on the topological structure of the grid equipment and the operating state of the grid equipment, and the effective grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions are used as the grid characteristic model.
在上述实施例中,步骤S1中,所述基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式,包括:In the above embodiment, in step S1, the generation of the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm includes:
利用断面匹配算法与历史状态估计断面进行相似度匹配,相似度匹配方法如下:Use the section matching algorithm to perform similarity matching with the historical state estimation section. The similarity matching method is as follows:
SIMt=αiCit SIM t = α i C it
式中,SIMt表示历史t时刻的电网断面与该电网运行模拟方案要求的运行断面的匹配度,Cit为电网运行模拟方案要求的第i项约束条件与t时刻断面的匹配度,αi为第i项约束条件所占的权重系数;In the formula, SIM t represents the matching degree between the grid section at the historical time t and the operation section required by the power grid operation simulation scheme, C it is the matching degree between the i-th constraint condition required by the grid operation simulation scheme and the section at time t, α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th constraint condition;
选取SIMt最小值的t时刻的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案的原始运行方式,根据电网运行模拟方案约束条件对原始运行方式进行调节,并通过潮流计算验证原始运行方式是否满足潮流收敛,如果潮流不收敛则需改变电网运行模拟方案约束条件,根据Cit分值的大小作为参考,修改Cit分值小的一项对应的电网运行模拟方案约束条件;将满足潮流收敛的调节后的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式。Select the state estimation section at time t of the minimum value of SIM t as the original operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, adjust the original operation mode according to the constraints of the power grid operation simulation program, and verify whether the original operation mode meets the power flow convergence through power flow calculation, if If the power flow does not converge, it is necessary to change the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme. According to the size of the C it score as a reference, modify the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme corresponding to the one with the smaller C it score; the adjusted state will satisfy the convergence of the power flow The estimated section is used as the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
在上述实施例中,步骤S2中,所述针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障,包括:In the above embodiment, in step S2, the generation of preset faults in different power grid operation simulation schemes for different power grid operation simulation themes of fault handling includes:
电网故障处置预案包括变电站概况、故障现象和应急处置措施数据;The power grid fault handling plan includes substation overview, fault phenomenon and emergency response measures data;
通过正则表达式以关键词抽取的方式对故障处置预案进行知识抽取;Knowledge extraction of fault handling plans by means of keyword extraction through regular expressions;
将抽取后的故障分为电网运行模拟方案预设故障的直流故障、交流故障和连锁故障,形成预设故障库;The extracted faults are divided into DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults of preset faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme to form a preset fault library;
根据设备类型,对预设故障库进行扩充;针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题从扩充后的预设故障库中随机选择符合要求的故障生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障。According to the type of equipment, the preset fault library is expanded; for different grid operation simulation themes of fault handling, the faults that meet the requirements are randomly selected from the expanded preset fault library to generate different grid operation simulation scheme preset faults.
在上述实施例中,步骤S2中,所述生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障后,所述方法还包括:In the above embodiment, in step S2, after generating different power grid operation simulation schemes to preset faults, the method further includes:
基于提取的电网特征模型,结合电网运行模拟方案预设故障,进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,将故障前后电网工况数据和电网运行模拟方案预设故障作为电网运行模拟方案特征模型。Based on the extracted power grid characteristic model, combined with the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme, topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed, and the power grid working condition data before and after the fault and the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme are used as the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
在上述实施例中,步骤S3中,所述基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,包括:In the above-mentioned embodiment, in step S3, the set of treatment plans is obtained by using knowledge reasoning based on the scheduling knowledge base and the treatment plan base, including:
对电网故障处置预案进行解析,分为预案预想故障、预案电网初始运行方式、预案故障后运行方式及影响预案故障处置措施;Analyze the power grid fault handling plan, which is divided into the expected failure of the plan, the initial operation mode of the power grid in the plan, the operation mode after the failure of the plan, and the fault handling measures affecting the plan;
对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Knowledge extraction is carried out on the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and knowledge reasoning is carried out by using the method of decision-making knowledge graph to establish a disposal plan library.
在上述实施例中,步骤S3中,所述对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库,包括:In the above embodiment, in step S3, the knowledge extraction of the analyzed power grid fault handling plan is performed, and knowledge reasoning is performed using the method of decision-making knowledge graph to establish a handling plan library, including:
采用深度学习方法对电网调度控制管理规程进行实体识别,完善调度知识库,并建立决策知识图谱;Use the deep learning method to identify the entities of the power grid dispatching control management procedures, improve the dispatching knowledge base, and establish a decision-making knowledge graph;
建立决策知识图谱为:Establish a decision-making knowledge map as:
DG=(E,C,R,A)DG=(E,C,R,A)
DG为决策知识图谱引擎;E为电网运行工况实体集合,包括电网拓扑结构和电网潮流结果数据,E={e1,e2,…,em},包括断路器、刀闸开断状态、负荷功率、发电机出力、线路功率、变压器功率、断面功率、母线电压、发电机开机数及调相机开机数;C为条件定义集合,为电网运行方式集合,C={c1,c2,…,cl};R为规则集,为满足条件C触发操作的规则,根据电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程进行知识提取、知识融合和知识推理生成;A为故障处置调度操作集合,A={a1,a2,…,an},包括电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程中包含的开关刀闸操作、调整机组出力、调整电厂出力、调整厂站、区域负荷功率、控制断面功率和直流功率调制;DG is the decision-making knowledge graph engine; E is the entity set of power grid operating conditions, including power grid topology and power flow result data, E={e1,e2,...,em}, including circuit breaker, knife switch opening status, load power , generator output, line power, transformer power, cross-section power, bus voltage, number of generators running and condensers running; C is a set of condition definitions and a set of grid operation modes, C={c1,c2,…,cl} ; R is a rule set, in order to meet the rules of condition C triggering operation, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge reasoning generation are carried out according to the power grid fault plan and dispatching control management regulations; A is the set of fault handling dispatching operations, A={a1,a2, …, an}, including the operation of switch switch, adjustment of unit output, adjustment of power plant output, adjustment of power station, regional load power, control section power and DC power modulation included in the power grid failure plan and dispatch control management regulations;
对电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用建立的所述决策知识图谱的方法对于抽取后的数据进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Carry out knowledge extraction on the power grid fault disposal plan, and use the established decision-making knowledge map method to perform knowledge reasoning on the extracted data to establish a disposal plan library.
在上述实施例中,步骤S3中,所述通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案,包括:In the above embodiment, in step S3, the set of disposal schemes is evaluated by the evaluation system of the preparation result evaluation system of the power grid operation simulation scheme, and the optimal disposal scheme is obtained, including:
基于知识推理对处置方案集合进行搜索评估,当搜索评估结果匹配且满足规则集中的规则时,输出故障处置方案;Search and evaluate the solution set based on knowledge reasoning, and output the fault solution when the search and evaluation results match and meet the rules in the rule set;
基于电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,选取得分最高的故障处置方案作为最优处置方案;电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系如下:Based on the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan, the fault disposal plan with the highest score is selected as the optimal disposal plan; the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan is as follows:
Scorei=weSei+woSoi Score i =w e S ei +w o S oi
式中,Scorei为处置方案Ai的综合得分,we和wo为电气指标和非电气指标权重,Sei和Soi为处置方案Ai的电气指标得分和非电气指标得分;In the formula, Score i is the comprehensive score of the disposal scheme Ai, w e and w o are the weights of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators, S ei and S oi are the scores of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators of the disposal scheme Ai;
电气指标得分Sei是电气指标评分总和,包括越限设备数量、越限功率百分比、重载设备数量、重载设备百分比及全网网损;非电气指标Soi是非电气指标得分总和,包括操作步骤数、调度涉及范围;Sei和Soi进行加权相加得到处置方案Ai的综合得分Scorei,全部处置方案按照综合得分选择得分最高的作为电网运行模拟方案的最优处置方案。Electrical index score S ei is the sum of electrical index scores, including the number of over-limit equipment, over-limit power percentage, number of heavy-duty equipment, percentage of heavy-load equipment, and network loss of the entire network; non-electrical index S oi is the sum of non-electrical index scores, including operation The number of steps, the scope involved in dispatching; S ei and S oi are weighted and added to obtain the comprehensive score Score i of the disposal plan Ai, and all the disposal plans are selected according to the comprehensive score with the highest score as the optimal disposal plan of the power grid operation simulation plan.
在上述实施例中,步骤S4中,所述将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库,具体包括:In the above embodiment, in step S4, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme are combined to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; The simulation theme classifies the preliminary power grid operation simulation schemes and generates a power grid operation simulation scheme library, which specifically includes:
将生成的电网运行模拟方案预设故障及最优处置方案分步转化为电网运行模拟方案事件;电网运行模拟方案预设故障中一个设备故障作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,最优处置方案中一次调度操作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,按照时间先后顺序进行排序形成电网运行模拟方案事件序列;方案事件触发的结果为电网设备的运行状态改变,包括开关分合、发电机出力变化、负荷功率变化;Convert the generated power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults and optimal disposal schemes into power grid operation simulation scheme events step by step; a device failure in the power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults is regarded as a power grid operation simulation scheme event, and one time in the optimal disposal scheme The scheduling operation is a power grid operation simulation plan event, which is sorted in chronological order to form a power grid operation simulation plan event sequence; the result triggered by the plan event is the change of the operating state of the power grid equipment, including switch opening and closing, generator output change, and load power change ;
在生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式的基础上依次触发电网运行模拟方案事件序列中故障,并进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,仿真模拟故障前后电网运行状态改变;On the basis of the initial operation mode of the generated power grid operation simulation scheme, the faults in the event sequence of the power grid operation simulation scheme are triggered sequentially, and topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed to simulate the change of power grid operation status before and after the fault;
将生成的电网运行模拟方案根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成电网运行模拟方案库。Classify the generated power grid operation simulation scheme according to the power grid operation simulation theme to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
实施例2Example 2
以下结合可选实施例对本发明的各个步骤进行详细说明。Each step of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with optional embodiments.
如图2和图3所示,本发明提出了一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法与系统,自动生成的电网运行模拟方案包括电网运行模拟方案电网初始运行方式、预设故障和故障处置方案。包括:As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the present invention proposes a method and system for automatically constructing a power grid operation simulation scheme library, and the automatically generated power grid operation simulation scheme includes the power grid operation simulation scheme power grid initial operation mode, preset faults and fault handling schemes . include:
首先,通过获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,基于断面匹配算法生成电网初始运行方式;Firstly, by acquiring and analyzing the power grid operation simulation theme and grid operation simulation program constraint conditions, combined with the power grid physical model and data extraction power grid characteristic model, the initial power grid operation mode is generated based on the section matching algorithm;
其次,生成电网运行模拟方案预设故障,并完善电网运行模拟方案特征模型;Secondly, generate the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme, and improve the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme;
然后,基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系得到定制化最优处置方案。Then, based on the dispatching knowledge base and the disposal scheme database, the disposal scheme is obtained by knowledge reasoning, and the customized optimal disposal scheme is obtained through the evaluation system of the grid operation simulation scheme preparation results.
最后,将电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、电网运行模拟方案预设故障和最优处置方案结合形成定制化电网运行模拟方案,根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成定制化电网运行模拟方案库。Finally, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme are combined to form a customized power grid operation simulation scheme, and the customized power grid operation simulation scheme library is generated according to the classification of the power grid operation simulation theme.
本发明生成的定制化电网运行模拟方案库可应用于DTS等高级应用实现电网运行模拟仿真和培训演练,提升调度运行人员调度技能与业务水平。The customized power grid operation simulation scheme library generated by the invention can be applied to advanced applications such as DTS to realize power grid operation simulation and training drills, and improve the dispatching skills and business level of dispatching operators.
实施例3Example 3
如图2为本实施例提供的电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法流程图,具体包括以下几个步骤:Figure 2 is a flow chart of the automatic construction method for the power grid operation simulation scheme library provided in this embodiment, which specifically includes the following steps:
1)选择电网运行模拟主题。1) Select the theme of power grid operation simulation.
定制化电网运行模拟方案包括电网运行模拟方案电网初始运行方式、预设故障和故障处置方案,正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题仅涉及正常调度操作,因此预设故障为空,故障处置主题包括定制化电网运行模拟方案所有部分。The customized power grid operation simulation scheme includes the initial grid operation mode, preset faults and fault handling schemes of the power grid operation simulation scheme. The theme of the normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme only involves normal dispatching operations, so the preset fault is empty, and the fault handling theme includes customization All parts of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
2)输入电网运行模拟方案约束条件。2) Input the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
通过获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网模型及数据提取电网特征模型,并基于断面匹配算法生成电网初始运行方式;By acquiring and analyzing the power grid operation simulation theme and the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme, combining the power grid model and data to extract the power grid characteristic model, and generating the initial power grid operation mode based on the section matching algorithm;
3)生成电网运行模拟方案预设故障,完善电网运行模拟方案特征模型。3) Generate preset faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme, and improve the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
针对故障处置的电网运行模拟方案主题,根据故障处置主题的不同,生成不同类型的预设故障。基于步骤2)电网特征模型及电网运行模拟方案主题,完善电网运行模拟方案特征模型,生成可用于后续调度知识推理的电网特征模型。Aiming at the theme of power grid operation simulation scheme for fault handling, different types of preset faults are generated according to different fault handling themes. Based on step 2) the characteristic model of the power grid and the theme of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme is improved, and a power grid characteristic model that can be used for subsequent scheduling knowledge reasoning is generated.
4)基于调度知识库与处置方案库,利用知识推理得到处置方案,并基于电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,选取得分最高的处置方案作为最优处置方案。4) Based on the dispatching knowledge base and the disposal plan database, the disposal plan is obtained by knowledge reasoning, and the result evaluation system is compiled based on the power grid operation simulation plan, and the disposal plan with the highest score is selected as the optimal disposal plan.
5)结合步骤2)、3)和4)生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、预设故障及最优处置方案,生成定制化电网运行模拟方案,根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成定制化电网运行模拟方案库。5) Combining the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme generated in steps 2), 3) and 4), a customized power grid operation simulation scheme is generated, and a customized power grid is generated according to the classification of the power grid operation simulation theme Run the library of simulation scenarios.
基于本实施例给出方法,将此系统生成的电网运行模拟方案库应用于DTS,调度员能够在没有教员的情况下进行电网调度仿真模拟和自主演练培训,提升调度员调度技能及业务水平。Based on the method given in this embodiment, applying the power grid operation simulation scheme library generated by this system to DTS, dispatchers can conduct power grid dispatching simulation and autonomous training without instructors, and improve dispatcher dispatching skills and business level.
本发明上述实施例中,如图3,为定制化电网运行模拟方案自动生成步骤,各步骤详细包括:In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, it is the automatic generation step of the customized power grid operation simulation scheme, and each step includes in detail:
所述步骤1)是选择电网运行模拟主题,包括正常操作与故障处置等电网运行模拟方案主题。The step 1) is to select the theme of power grid operation simulation, including the theme of power grid operation simulation scheme such as normal operation and fault handling.
正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题用于熟悉电网网架结构和训练调度基本操作,解决电网越限风险、损失负荷和改变电网运行方式等,预设故障为空,即不预设故障,包括:(1)系统频率越限;(2)母线电压越限;(3)线路功率越限、负荷功率越限;(4)损失负荷;(5)运行方式改变。The theme of normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme is used to familiarize yourself with the grid structure and the basic operation of training and dispatching, solve the risk of grid overrun, loss of load and change the operation mode of the grid, etc. The preset fault is empty, that is, no preset fault, including: ( 1) The system frequency exceeds the limit; (2) The bus voltage exceeds the limit; (3) The line power exceeds the limit and the load power exceeds the limit; (4) Loss of load; (5) The operation mode changes.
故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题用于训练故障处置能力,需要预设故障。故障处置主题包括:直流故障、流故障和连锁故障。Fault Handling The theme of power grid operation simulation scheme is used to train fault handling ability, and faults need to be preset. Troubleshooting topics include: DC faults, streaming faults, and cascading faults.
本发明上述实施例中,所述步骤2)为输入电网运行模拟方案约束条件。基于电网设备拓扑结构和电网设备运行状态设定电网运行模拟方案约束条件,包括全网总负荷、全网总发电、重点联络线功率、重点断面功率、重点发电机出力、重点直流系统功率、重点负荷功率和重点设备投运状态等。In the above embodiments of the present invention, the step 2) is to input the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme. Based on the topological structure of power grid equipment and the operation status of power grid equipment, the constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme are set, including the total load of the whole network, the total power generation of the whole network, the power of key tie lines, the power of key sections, the output of key generators, the power of key DC systems, and the key Load power and key equipment commissioning status, etc.
可选择全部或部分约束条件作为定制化电网运行模拟方案的约束条件,将有效的电网运行模拟方案约束条件作为电网特征模型。为了保证电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式和后续调度操作具有良好的潮流收敛性及潮流合理性,需要选取与电网运行模拟方案约束最为相似的状态估计断面作为电网原始运行方式,在原始运行方式上进行调节生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式。利用断面匹配算法与历史状态估计断面(一般为QS文件)进行相似度匹配。相似度匹配公式如下:All or part of the constraints can be selected as the constraints of the customized grid operation simulation scheme, and the effective grid operation simulation scheme constraints can be used as the grid characteristic model. In order to ensure that the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme and subsequent dispatching operations have good power flow convergence and rationality, it is necessary to select the state estimation section that is most similar to the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme as the original operation mode of the power grid, and carry out calculations on the original operation mode. Adjust and generate the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme. Use the section matching algorithm to perform similarity matching with the historical state estimation section (usually QS file). The similarity matching formula is as follows:
SIMt=αiCit SIM t = α i C it
SIMt表示历史t时刻的电网断面与该电网运行模拟方案要求的运行断面的匹配度,Cit为电网运行模拟方案要求的第i项约束条件与t时刻断面的匹配度,αi为第i项约束条件所占的权重系数。Cit的计算方法如下,“||”代表数值的绝对值:SIM t represents the matching degree between the power grid section at the historical time t and the operation section required by the power grid operation simulation scheme, C it is the matching degree between the i-th constraint condition required by the power grid operation simulation scheme and the section at time t, and α i is the i-th The weight coefficient of item constraints. The calculation method of C it is as follows, "||" represents the absolute value of the value:
选取SIMt最小值的t时刻的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案的原始运行方式,根据电网运行模拟方案约束条件对原始运行方式进行调节,使其满足电网运行模拟方案约束条件并通过潮流计算验证其满足潮流收敛,如果潮流不收敛则需改变电网运行模拟方案约束条件,根据Cit分值的大小作为参考,学员可重点修改Cit分值小的一项的电网运行模拟方案约束条件。将满足潮流收敛的调节后的断面作为电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式。Select the state estimation section at time t of the minimum value of SIM t as the original operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, and adjust the original operation mode according to the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme to make it meet the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme and pass the power flow calculation verification It satisfies the convergence of the power flow. If the power flow does not converge, the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme need to be changed. According to the size of the C it score as a reference, students can focus on modifying the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme with a smaller C it score. The adjusted section that satisfies the convergence of the power flow is used as the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
本发明上述实施例中,步骤3)基于电网运行模拟方案故障主题及电网故障处置预案,生成电网运行模拟方案预设故障,完善电网运行模拟方案特征模型。电网故障处置预案是故障处置过程中必要的参考文本,包括变电站概况、故障现象和应急处置措施等重要数据。In the above embodiments of the present invention, step 3) generates preset faults of the grid operation simulation scheme based on the fault theme of the grid operation simulation scheme and the grid fault handling plan, and improves the characteristic model of the grid operation simulation scheme. The power grid fault handling plan is a necessary reference text in the fault handling process, including important data such as substation overview, fault phenomena, and emergency handling measures.
由于故障处置预案相对规整,内容统一且编辑格式一致,属于半结构化数据,可通过正则表达式以关键词抽取的方式实现知识抽取。将抽取后的故障分为电网运行模拟方案预设故障的直流故障、交流故障和连锁故障三类,形成预设故障库。预设故障具体类型如下:Since the fault handling plan is relatively regular, with unified content and consistent editing format, it belongs to semi-structured data, and knowledge extraction can be realized by means of keyword extraction through regular expressions. The extracted faults are divided into three categories: DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults, which are preset faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme, to form a preset fault library. The specific types of preset faults are as follows:
1)直流故障:直流故障主题主要涉及直流系统故障,直流系统故障包括直流线路的接地和断线故障、阀组故障、换流变故障、交流场故障等。其中阀组故障包括单极闭锁和双极闭锁等。1) DC faults: The topic of DC faults mainly involves DC system faults, which include DC line grounding and disconnection faults, valve group faults, converter faults, AC field faults, etc. Among them, the failure of the valve group includes unipolar locking and bipolar locking.
2)交流故障:包括变压器、母线、交流线路、发电机、开关等设备故障。2) AC faults: including transformers, busbars, AC lines, generators, switches and other equipment faults.
3)连锁故障:由于电力系统中某一个设备发生故障,导致一系列其他设备停运的连锁故障,属于电力系统中较复杂的故障。例如线路开关拒动后,线路发生故障导致变压器保护动作使变压器失电等。3) Cascading faults: Cascading faults in which a series of other devices are out of service due to the failure of a certain device in the power system, which belongs to the more complex faults in the power system. For example, after the line switch refuses to move, the line fails and the transformer protection action causes the transformer to lose power.
另外,根据设备类型,可对预设故障库进行扩充,增加电网运行模拟方案故障多样性。In addition, according to the type of equipment, the preset fault library can be expanded to increase the diversity of faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme.
例如,原始预案库交流故障分类中包含变压器A接地故障,则变压器B接地故障可作为扩充故障添加入预设故障库中。For example, if the AC fault classification of the original contingency plan library includes the ground fault of transformer A, the ground fault of transformer B can be added to the default fault library as an extended fault.
针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题从预设故障库随机选择符合要求的故障生成定制化电网运行模拟方案的预设故障。Aiming at different power grid operation simulation topics for fault handling, randomly select faults that meet the requirements from the preset fault library to generate preset faults for customized power grid operation simulation schemes.
基于步骤2)生成的电网特征模型,结合电网运行模拟方案预设故障,进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,将故障前后电网工况数据(例如电网拓扑、潮流结果、运行方式等)和电网运行模拟方案预设故障作为电网运行模拟方案特征模型,可用于后续调度知识推理。Based on the grid characteristic model generated in step 2), combined with grid operation simulation scheme preset faults, topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed, and grid working condition data (such as grid topology, power flow results, operation mode, etc.) before and after the fault are combined with grid operation simulation scheme As a characteristic model of power grid operation simulation scheme, preset faults can be used for subsequent scheduling knowledge reasoning.
本发明上述实施例中,步骤4)先基于调度知识库与处置方案库,得到处置方案,具体包括:In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, step 4) first obtains the disposal plan based on the scheduling knowledge base and the disposal plan database, specifically including:
对电网故障处置预案进行解析,一般预案分为预案预想故障、预案电网初始运行方式、预案故障后运行方式及影响预案故障处置措施。预案预想故障已在步骤2)中进行提取并作为电网运行模拟方案预设故障形成预设故障库。对电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法建立调度知识库与处置方案库,具体包括:The power grid fault handling plan is analyzed. The general plan is divided into the anticipated failure of the plan, the initial operation mode of the power grid in the plan, the operation mode after the failure of the plan, and the fault handling measures affecting the plan. The predicted faults of the scenario have been extracted in step 2) and used as the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme to form a preset fault library. Knowledge extraction is carried out on the power grid fault disposal plan, and the dispatching knowledge base and disposal plan database are established by using the decision-making knowledge map method, specifically including:
电网调度控制管理规程是电网调度控制管理工作依据的规程和规定,是电网故障处置工作中重要的辅助决策参考数据。该数据属于非结构化数据,其中包含的现象和处置措施均为说明故障情况和具体操作的中文文本,无固定词频、关键词等进行描述,描述形式多样,因此难以应用正则表达式方法进行信息提取,且数据量较小,采用深度学习技术针对此类电网领域小样本数据进行实体识别,完善调度知识库与处置方案库。The power grid dispatching control management regulations are the rules and regulations based on the power grid dispatching control management work, and are important auxiliary decision-making reference data in the power grid fault handling work. This data belongs to unstructured data, and the phenomena and treatment measures contained in it are all Chinese texts explaining the fault situation and specific operations. There is no fixed word frequency, keywords, etc. for description, and the description forms are diverse, so it is difficult to apply the regular expression method Extraction, and the amount of data is small, using deep learning technology to carry out entity recognition for such small sample data in the power grid field, and improve the scheduling knowledge base and disposal plan library.
本实施例给出具体方案为:采用深度学习方法对电网调度控制管理规程进行实体识别,完善调度知识库,并建立决策知识图谱;The specific solution given in this embodiment is: use the deep learning method to carry out entity recognition on the power grid dispatching control management procedures, improve the dispatching knowledge base, and establish a decision-making knowledge map;
建立决策知识图谱(decision graph,简称DG)如下:Establish a decision-making knowledge graph (decision graph, referred to as DG) as follows:
DG=(E,C,R,a)DG=(E,C,R,a)
DG为决策知识图谱引擎;E为电网运行工况实体集合,包括电网拓扑结构和电网潮流结果数据,E={e1,e2,…,em},包括断路器、刀闸开断状态、负荷功率、发电机出力、线路功率、变压器功率、断面功率、母线电压、发电机开机数、调相机开机数等;C为条件定义集合,为电网运行方式集合,C={c1,c2,…,cl};R为规则集,为满足条件C触发操作的规则,根据电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程进行知识提取、知识融合和知识推理生成;A动作集合,即故障处置调度操作集合,A={a1,a2,…,an},包括电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程中包含的开关刀闸操作、调整机组出力、调整电厂出力、调整厂站、区域负荷功率、控制断面功率和直流功率调制等。DG is the decision-making knowledge graph engine; E is the entity set of power grid operating conditions, including power grid topology and power flow result data, E={e1,e2,...,em}, including circuit breaker, knife switch opening status, load power , generator output, line power, transformer power, section power, bus voltage, number of generators running, number of condensers running, etc.; C is a set of condition definitions, a set of grid operation modes, C={c1,c2,…,cl }; R is the rule set, in order to meet the rules of condition C trigger operation, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge reasoning generation are carried out according to the power grid fault plan and dispatch control management regulations; A action set is the fault handling dispatch operation set, A={ a1,a2,…,an}, including the power grid failure plan and dispatching control management procedures including switch switch operation, unit output adjustment, power plant output adjustment, plant station, regional load power, control section power and DC power modulation, etc. .
基于构建的决策知识图谱,输入根据步骤3)生成的电网运行模拟方案特征模型到决策引擎,作为电网运行工况实体E和故障前后运行方式为条件C,基于知识推理根据规则集R进行智能搜索评估,当匹配满足规则集中的某几类规则时,输出动作集合A1~An,作为故障处置方案。Based on the constructed decision-making knowledge graph, input the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme generated according to step 3) into the decision engine, as the power grid operating condition entity E and the operation mode before and after the fault as the condition C, and intelligently search based on knowledge reasoning and rule set R Evaluation, when the matching meets certain types of rules in the rule set, the output action set A1~An is used as a fault handling plan.
本发明上述实施例中,步骤4)获得处置方案A1~An后,基于电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,选取得分最高的处置方案作为最优处置方案。电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系如下:In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, step 4) after obtaining the disposal schemes A1-An, based on the grid operation simulation scheme compilation result evaluation system, the disposal scheme with the highest score is selected as the optimal disposal scheme. The evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation scheme is as follows:
Scorei=eSei+oSoi Score i = e S ei + o S oi
Scorei为处置方案Ai的综合得分,we和wo为电气指标和非电气指标权重,Sei和Soi为处置方案Ai的电气指标得分和非电气指标得分。Score i is the comprehensive score of the disposal scheme Ai, w e and w o are the weights of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators, S ei and S oi are the scores of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators of the disposal scheme Ai.
上述电气指标得分Sei包括越限设备数量、越限功率百分比、重载设备数量、重载设备百分比、全网网损等电气指标评分总和;非电气指标Soi包括操作步骤数、调度涉及范围等非电气指标得分总和。Sei和Soi进行加权相加得到处置方案Ai的综合得分Scorei,全部处置方案按照综合得分选择得分最高的最为定制化电网运行模拟方案的最优处置方案。The above-mentioned electrical index score S ei includes the sum of electrical index scores such as the number of off-limit equipment, the percentage of off-limit power, the number of heavy-duty equipment, the percentage of heavy-duty equipment, and the network loss of the entire network; the non-electrical index S oi includes the number of operation steps and the scope of scheduling and other non-electrical index scores. S ei and S oi are weighted and added to obtain the comprehensive score Score i of the disposal scheme Ai, and all disposal schemes are selected according to the comprehensive score and the most customized optimal disposal scheme of the power grid operation simulation scheme with the highest score.
另外,电网运行模拟方案编制结果评分设置最小值限额为γ,当Score<γ时,教员可对其进行人工修正,完善调度知识库与处置方案库。In addition, the minimum value limit is set to γ for the scoring results of the power grid operation simulation program compilation. When Score<γ, the instructor can manually correct it to improve the dispatching knowledge base and disposal plan library.
综上所述,结合步骤2)、3)和4)生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、电网运行模拟方案预设故障及最优处置方案,生成定制化电网运行模拟方案,具体包括:In summary, combined with the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme generated in steps 2), 3) and 4), the preset faults and the optimal disposal scheme of the power grid operation simulation scheme, a customized power grid operation simulation scheme is generated, specifically including:
将步骤3)和步骤4)生成的预设故障及最优处置方案分步骤转化为电网运行模拟方案事件。预设故障中一个设备故障为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,最优处置方案中一次调度操作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,按照时间先后顺序进行排序形成电网运行模拟方案事件序列。方案事件触发的结果为电网设备的运行状态改变,包括开关分合、发电机出力变化、负荷功率变化等。The preset faults and optimal disposal schemes generated in step 3) and step 4) are converted step by step into grid operation simulation scheme events. An equipment failure in the default fault is a power grid operation simulation event, and a dispatch operation in the optimal disposal plan is a power grid operation simulation event, which is sorted in chronological order to form a power grid operation simulation event sequence. The result triggered by the event of the scheme is the change of the operation state of the grid equipment, including the opening and closing of switches, the change of generator output, and the change of load power.
DTS培训演练启动后,在步骤2)生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式的基础上依次触发电网运行模拟方案事件序列中故障,并进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,仿真模拟故障前后电网运行状态改变。After the DTS training exercise is started, on the basis of the initial operation mode of the grid operation simulation scheme generated in step 2), the faults in the grid operation simulation scheme event sequence are sequentially triggered, and topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed to simulate the change of grid operation status before and after the fault.
调度员可根据电网运行模拟方案事件中处置方案进行定制化电网运行模拟方案培训演练。对于正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题,由于预设故障为空,不触发故障。Dispatchers can conduct customized grid operation simulation program training drills according to the disposal plan in the event of the grid operation simulation program. For the normal operation grid operation simulation scenario topic, since the preset fault is empty, no fault is triggered.
本实施例基于电网故障处置预案和电网调度控制管理规程利用知识提取、知识融合和知识推理方法构建调度知识库和处置方案库,根据预设故障通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系得到最优处置方案,能够满足在线培训中调度员对特定培训演练内容的需要,辅助调度员在没有教员指导的情况下进行培训。In this embodiment, based on the power grid fault disposal plan and the power grid dispatching control management regulations, the knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge reasoning methods are used to construct the dispatching knowledge base and the disposal plan library, and the optimal disposal is obtained through the evaluation system of the power grid operation simulation plan according to the preset faults. The program can meet the needs of dispatchers for specific training drill content in online training, and assist dispatchers to conduct training without the guidance of instructors.
当然本实施例给出的方案作为优选方案,不作为具体方案,采用其他起到和知识提取目的相同的手段也可以实现本实施例的目的,在此不作具体限定。Of course, the solution given in this embodiment is a preferred solution, not a specific solution, and the purpose of this embodiment can also be achieved by using other means that serve the same purpose as the knowledge extraction, which is not specifically limited here.
具体参见图4,为定制化电网运行模拟方案库构成。将生成的电网运行模拟方案根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成定制化电网运行模拟方案库。Refer to Figure 4 for details, which is the composition of the customized power grid operation simulation scheme library. Classify the generated grid operation simulation schemes according to the grid operation simulation topics to generate a customized grid operation simulation scheme library.
进而,根据步骤1)选取的电网运行模拟主题,将定制化电网运行模拟方案库分为正常操作主题和故障操作主题,可根据相关主题进行针对性的演练培训。Furthermore, according to the power grid operation simulation theme selected in step 1), the customized power grid operation simulation scheme library is divided into normal operation theme and fault operation theme, and targeted drill training can be carried out according to relevant themes.
如图5所示,本发明提供一种电网运行模拟方案库自动构建系统,主要包括:As shown in Figure 5, the present invention provides a system for automatically building a power grid operation simulation scheme library, which mainly includes:
初始运行方式生成模块,用于获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,并基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式;The initial operation mode generation module is used to obtain and analyze the power grid operation simulation theme and the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme, combine the power grid physical model and data to extract the power grid characteristic model, and generate the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm;
预设故障生成模块,用于针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障;The preset fault generation module is used to generate different grid operation simulation scheme preset faults according to different power grid operation simulation themes for fault handling;
最优处置方案生成模块,用于基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案;The optimal disposal plan generation module is used to obtain the disposal plan set by using knowledge reasoning based on the scheduling knowledge base and the disposal plan library, and evaluate the disposal plan set through the grid operation simulation plan preparation result evaluation system to obtain the optimal disposal plan;
模拟方案库生成模块,用于将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库。The simulation scheme library generation module is used to combine the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; The power grid operation simulation schemes are classified to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
所述初始运行方式生成模块中,所述电网运行模拟主题包括正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题与故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题;In the initial operation mode generation module, the power grid operation simulation theme includes a power grid operation simulation scheme theme for normal operation and a power grid operation simulation scheme theme for fault handling;
所述正常操作电网运行模拟方案主题包括母线电压越限、线路功率越限、负荷功率越限、损失负荷及运行方式改变;The subjects of the normal operation power grid operation simulation scheme include bus voltage exceeding the limit, line power exceeding the limit, load power exceeding the limit, load loss and operation mode change;
所述故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题包括直流故障、交流故障及连锁故障;The themes of the grid operation simulation scheme for fault handling include DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults;
所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件包括全网总负荷、全网总发电、重点联络线功率、重点断面功率、重点发电机出力、重点直流系统功率、重点负荷功率和重点设备投运状态;所述电网运行模拟方案约束条件基于电网设备拓扑结构和电网设备运行状态设定,将有效的电网运行模拟方案约束条件作为电网特征模型。The constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme include the total load of the entire network, the total power generation of the entire network, the power of key tie lines, the power of key sections, the output of key generators, the power of key DC systems, the power of key loads, and the state of operation of key equipment; The constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme are set based on the topological structure of the grid equipment and the operating state of the grid equipment, and the effective grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions are used as the grid characteristic model.
所述初始运行方式生成模块中,所述基于断面匹配算法生成电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式,包括:In the initial operation mode generation module, the generation of the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme based on the section matching algorithm includes:
利用断面匹配算法与历史状态估计断面进行相似度匹配,相似度匹配方法如下:Use the section matching algorithm to perform similarity matching with the historical state estimation section. The similarity matching method is as follows:
SIMt=αiCit SIM t = α i C it
式中,SIMt表示历史t时刻的电网断面与该电网运行模拟方案要求的运行断面的匹配度,Cit为电网运行模拟方案要求的第i项约束条件与t时刻断面的匹配度,αi为第i项约束条件所占的权重系数;In the formula, SIM t represents the matching degree between the grid section at the historical time t and the operation section required by the power grid operation simulation scheme, C it is the matching degree between the i-th constraint condition required by the grid operation simulation scheme and the section at time t, α i is the weight coefficient of the i-th constraint condition;
选取SIMt最小值的t时刻的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案的原始运行方式,根据电网运行模拟方案约束条件对原始运行方式进行调节,并通过潮流计算验证原始运行方式是否满足潮流收敛,如果潮流不收敛则需改变电网运行模拟方案约束条件,根据Cit分值的大小作为参考,修改Cit分值小的一项对应的电网运行模拟方案约束条件;将满足潮流收敛的调节后的状态估计断面作为电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式。Select the state estimation section at time t of the minimum value of SIM t as the original operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, adjust the original operation mode according to the constraints of the power grid operation simulation program, and verify whether the original operation mode meets the power flow convergence through power flow calculation, if If the power flow does not converge, it is necessary to change the constraint conditions of the power grid operation simulation scheme. According to the size of the C it score as a reference, modify the corresponding grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions of the smaller C it score; the adjusted state of the power flow convergence will be satisfied The estimated section is used as the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
所述预设故障生成模块中,所述针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题,生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障,包括:In the preset fault generation module, the preset faults of different power grid operation simulation schemes are generated according to different power grid operation simulation themes for fault handling, including:
电网故障处置预案包括变电站概况、故障现象和应急处置措施数据;The power grid fault handling plan includes substation overview, fault phenomenon and emergency response measures data;
通过正则表达式以关键词抽取的方式对故障处置预案进行知识抽取;Knowledge extraction of fault handling plans by means of keyword extraction through regular expressions;
将抽取后的故障分为电网运行模拟方案预设故障的直流故障、交流故障和连锁故障,形成预设故障库;The extracted faults are divided into DC faults, AC faults and cascading faults of preset faults in the power grid operation simulation scheme to form a preset fault library;
根据设备类型,对预设故障库进行扩充;针对故障处置不同的电网运行模拟主题从扩充后的预设故障库中随机选择符合要求的故障生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障。According to the type of equipment, the preset fault library is expanded; for different grid operation simulation themes of fault handling, the faults that meet the requirements are randomly selected from the expanded preset fault library to generate different grid operation simulation scheme preset faults.
所述预设故障生成模块中,所述生成不同的电网运行模拟方案预设故障后,所述方法还包括:In the preset fault generation module, after the preset faults of different power grid operation simulation schemes are generated, the method further includes:
基于提取的电网特征模型,结合电网运行模拟方案预设故障,进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,将故障前后电网工况数据和电网运行模拟方案预设故障作为电网运行模拟方案特征模型。Based on the extracted power grid characteristic model, combined with the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme, topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed, and the power grid working condition data before and after the fault and the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme are used as the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述最优处置方案生成模块中,所述基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案集合,包括:As a further improvement of the present invention, in the optimal treatment plan generation module, the set of treatment plans obtained by knowledge reasoning based on the scheduling knowledge base and the treatment plan library includes:
对电网故障处置预案进行解析,分为预案预想故障、预案电网初始运行方式、预案故障后运行方式及影响预案故障处置措施;Analyze the power grid fault handling plan, which is divided into the expected failure of the plan, the initial operation mode of the power grid in the plan, the operation mode after the failure of the plan, and the fault handling measures affecting the plan;
对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Knowledge extraction is carried out on the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and knowledge reasoning is carried out by using the method of decision-making knowledge graph to establish a disposal plan library.
所述最优处置方案生成模块中,所述对解析后的电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用决策知识图谱的方法进行知识推理建立处置方案库,包括:In the optimal disposal scheme generation module, the knowledge extraction is performed on the analyzed power grid fault disposal plan, and the knowledge reasoning is carried out by using the method of decision-making knowledge map to establish a disposal scheme library, including:
采用深度学习方法对电网调度控制管理规程进行实体识别,完善调度知识库,并建立决策知识图谱;Use the deep learning method to identify the entities of the power grid dispatching control management procedures, improve the dispatching knowledge base, and establish a decision-making knowledge graph;
建立决策知识图谱为:Establish a decision-making knowledge map as:
DG=(E,C,R,A)DG=(E,C,R,A)
DG为决策知识图谱引擎;E为电网运行工况实体集合,包括电网拓扑结构和电网潮流结果数据,E={e1,e2,…,em},包括断路器、刀闸开断状态、负荷功率、发电机出力、线路功率、变压器功率、断面功率、母线电压、发电机开机数及调相机开机数;C为条件定义集合,为电网运行方式集合,C={c1,c2,…,cl};R为规则集,为满足条件C触发操作的规则,根据电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程进行知识提取、知识融合和知识推理生成;A为故障处置调度操作集合,A={a1,a2,…,an},包括电网故障预案及调度控制管理规程中包含的开关刀闸操作、调整机组出力、调整电厂出力、调整厂站、区域负荷功率、控制断面功率和直流功率调制;DG is the decision-making knowledge graph engine; E is the entity set of power grid operating conditions, including power grid topology and power flow result data, E={e1,e2,...,em}, including circuit breaker, knife switch opening status, load power , generator output, line power, transformer power, cross-section power, bus voltage, number of generators running and condensers running; C is a set of condition definitions and a set of grid operation modes, C={c1,c2,…,cl} ; R is a rule set, in order to meet the rules of condition C triggering operation, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge reasoning generation are carried out according to the power grid fault plan and dispatching control management regulations; A is the set of fault handling dispatching operations, A={a1,a2, …, an}, including the operation of switch switch, adjustment of unit output, adjustment of power plant output, adjustment of power station, regional load power, control section power and DC power modulation included in the power grid failure plan and dispatch control management regulations;
对电网故障处置预案进行知识抽取,利用建立的所述决策知识图谱的方法对于抽取后的数据进行知识推理建立处置方案库。Carry out knowledge extraction on the power grid fault disposal plan, and use the established decision-making knowledge map method to perform knowledge reasoning on the extracted data to establish a disposal plan library.
所述最优处置方案生成模块中,所述通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系对处置方案集合进行评估,得到最优处置方案,包括:In the optimal disposal plan generation module, the evaluation system for the compilation result evaluation system of the power grid operation simulation plan evaluates the set of disposal plans to obtain the optimal disposal plan, including:
基于知识推理对处置方案集合进行搜索评估,当搜索评估结果匹配且满足规则集中的规则时,输出故障处置方案;Search and evaluate the solution set based on knowledge reasoning, and output the fault solution when the search and evaluation results match and meet the rules in the rule set;
基于电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,选取得分最高的故障处置方案作为最优处置方案;电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系如下:Based on the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan, the fault disposal plan with the highest score is selected as the optimal disposal plan; the evaluation system for the preparation results of the power grid operation simulation plan is as follows:
Scorei=weSei+woSoi Score i =w e S ei +w o S oi
式中,Scorei为处置方案Ai的综合得分,we和wo为电气指标和非电气指标权重,Sei和Soi为处置方案Ai的电气指标得分和非电气指标得分;In the formula, Score i is the comprehensive score of the disposal scheme Ai, w e and w o are the weights of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators, S ei and S oi are the scores of electrical indicators and non-electrical indicators of the disposal scheme Ai;
电气指标得分Sei是电气指标评分总和,包括越限设备数量、越限功率百分比、重载设备数量、重载设备百分比及全网网损;非电气指标Soi是非电气指标得分总和,包括操作步骤数、调度涉及范围;Sei和Soi进行加权相加得到处置方案Ai的综合得分Scorei,全部处置方案按照综合得分选择得分最高的作为电网运行模拟方案的最优处置方案。The electrical index score S ei is the sum of the electrical index scores, including the number of off-limit equipment, the percentage of off-limit power, the number of heavy-duty equipment, the percentage of heavy-duty equipment, and the network loss of the entire network; the non-electrical index S oi is the sum of the non-electrical index scores, including the operation The number of steps, the scope involved in dispatching; S ei and S oi are weighted and added to obtain the comprehensive score Score i of the disposal scheme Ai, and all disposal schemes are selected according to the comprehensive score with the highest score as the optimal disposal scheme of the power grid operation simulation scheme.
所述模拟方案库生成模块中,所述将所述电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、所述电网运行模拟方案预设故障和所述最优处置方案结合形成初步电网运行模拟方案;根据电网运行模拟主题对初步电网运行模拟方案进行分类,生成电网运行模拟方案库,具体包括:In the simulation scheme library generation module, the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation scheme and the optimal disposal scheme are combined to form a preliminary power grid operation simulation scheme; according to the power grid operation simulation The topic classifies the preliminary power grid operation simulation schemes and generates a power grid operation simulation scheme library, including:
将生成的电网运行模拟方案预设故障及最优处置方案分步转化为电网运行模拟方案事件;电网运行模拟方案预设故障中一个设备故障作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,最优处置方案中一次调度操作为一个电网运行模拟方案事件,按照时间先后顺序进行排序形成电网运行模拟方案事件序列;方案事件触发的结果为电网设备的运行状态改变,包括开关分合、发电机出力变化、负荷功率变化;Convert the generated power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults and optimal disposal schemes into power grid operation simulation scheme events step by step; a device failure in the power grid operation simulation scheme preset faults is regarded as a power grid operation simulation scheme event, and one time in the optimal disposal scheme The scheduling operation is a power grid operation simulation plan event, which is sorted in chronological order to form a power grid operation simulation plan event sequence; the result triggered by the plan event is the change of the operating state of the power grid equipment, including switch opening and closing, generator output change, and load power change ;
在生成的电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式的基础上依次触发电网运行模拟方案事件序列中故障,并进行拓扑计算和潮流计算,仿真模拟故障前后电网运行状态改变;On the basis of the initial operation mode of the generated power grid operation simulation scheme, the faults in the event sequence of the power grid operation simulation scheme are triggered sequentially, and topology calculation and power flow calculation are performed to simulate the change of power grid operation status before and after the fault;
将生成的电网运行模拟方案根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成电网运行模拟方案库。Classify the generated power grid operation simulation scheme according to the power grid operation simulation theme to generate a power grid operation simulation scheme library.
根据实例操作情况,本发明还提供一种定制化电网运行模拟方案库自动生成系统结构图。参见图6,基于电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法可形成定制化电网运行模拟方案库自动生成系统,该系统包括:According to the operation situation of the example, the present invention also provides a system structure diagram for automatic generation of a customized grid operation simulation scheme library. Referring to Figure 6, based on the automatic construction method of the power grid operation simulation scheme library, a customized power grid operation simulation scheme library automatic generation system can be formed, which includes:
电网运行模拟主题选择模块、电网运行模拟方案约束设定模块、初始运行方式生成模块、预设故障生成模块、处置方案生成模块和定制化电网运行模拟方案库生成模块。Power grid operation simulation theme selection module, power grid operation simulation scheme constraint setting module, initial operation mode generation module, preset fault generation module, disposal scheme generation module and customized power grid operation simulation scheme library generation module.
电网运行模拟主题选择模块,用于通过获取和解析电网运行模拟主题;The power grid operation simulation theme selection module is used to obtain and analyze the power grid operation simulation theme;
电网运行模拟方案约束设定模块,用于通过获取和解析电网运行模拟方案约束条件;The power grid operation simulation scheme constraint setting module is used to obtain and analyze the power grid operation simulation scheme constraint conditions;
初始运行方式生成模块,用于通过获取和解析电网运行模拟主题及电网运行模拟方案约束条件,结合电网物理模型及数据提取电网特征模型,基于断面匹配算法生成电网初始运行方式;The initial operation mode generation module is used to generate the initial operation mode of the power grid based on the section matching algorithm by acquiring and analyzing the power grid operation simulation theme and the constraints of the power grid operation simulation scheme, combined with the power grid physical model and data extraction power grid characteristic model;
预设故障生成模块,用于针对故障处置电网运行模拟方案主题,根据故障处置主题,生成电网运行模拟方案预设故障;完善电网运行模拟方案特征模型;The preset fault generation module is used to generate the preset faults of the power grid operation simulation scheme according to the theme of the fault handling power grid operation simulation scheme according to the theme of fault handling; improve the characteristic model of the power grid operation simulation scheme;
预设故障生成模块,用于基于调度知识库与处置方案库利用知识推理得到处置方案,通过电网运行模拟方案编制结果评价体系,得到定制化最优处置方案。The preset fault generation module is used to obtain the disposal plan by using knowledge reasoning based on the scheduling knowledge base and the disposal plan database, and obtain the customized optimal disposal plan through the compilation of the result evaluation system of the power grid operation simulation plan.
定制化电网运行模拟方案库生成模块,用于将电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、电网运行模拟方案预设故障和最优处置方案结合形成定制化电网运行模拟方案,根据电网运行模拟主题进行分类生成定制化电网运行模拟方案库。Customized power grid operation simulation program library generation module, which is used to combine the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation program, the preset fault of the power grid operation simulation program and the optimal disposal program to form a customized power grid operation simulation program, which is classified and generated according to the power grid operation simulation theme Customized power grid operation simulation program library.
定制化电网运行模拟方案库生成模块可结合电网运行模拟方案初始运行方式、预设故障和故障处置方案,生成DTS系统可识别的电网运行模拟方案文件格式并分类形成定制方案库,调度员可使用DTS系统启动该电网运行模拟方案库中的方案进行调度仿真模拟,在没有教员的情况下进行随时随地、自主演练培训,提升调度技能及业务水平。The customized power grid operation simulation scheme library generation module can combine the initial operation mode of the power grid operation simulation scheme, preset faults and fault handling schemes to generate grid operation simulation scheme file formats recognizable by the DTS system and classify them to form a customized scheme library, which can be used by dispatchers The DTS system activates the schemes in the power grid operation simulation scheme library to carry out dispatching simulation simulation, and conducts autonomous training anytime, anywhere without instructors, so as to improve dispatching skills and business level.
如图7所示,本发明第三方面是提供一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现所述计及多互动功能时延特性的电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法的步骤。As shown in FIG. 7 , the third aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and the processor executes the The computer program is the step of realizing the automatic construction method of the power grid operation simulation scheme library considering the delay characteristics of multi-interaction functions.
本发明第四方面是提供一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现所述计及多互动功能时延特性的电网运行模拟方案库自动构建方法的步骤。The fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the power grid operation that takes into account the delay characteristics of multiple interactive functions is realized. Simulate the steps of the solution library automatic construction method.
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换,而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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