CN116520188A - Auxiliary searching method for generator stator ground fault - Google Patents

Auxiliary searching method for generator stator ground fault Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116520188A
CN116520188A CN202310115380.2A CN202310115380A CN116520188A CN 116520188 A CN116520188 A CN 116520188A CN 202310115380 A CN202310115380 A CN 202310115380A CN 116520188 A CN116520188 A CN 116520188A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fault
direct current
generator
point
stator
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Pending
Application number
CN202310115380.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
薛玉林
曾义昌
王雪松
冯冰梅
曹俊
周晓航
刘洋
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Aba Hydropower Development Co ltd
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Aba Hydropower Development Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310115380.2A priority Critical patent/CN116520188A/en
Publication of CN116520188A publication Critical patent/CN116520188A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/346Testing of armature or field windings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

Abstract

The invention discloses an auxiliary search method for a generator stator ground fault, which is used for inputting basic data and ground fault phenomenon data of the generator stator; performing fault finding by adopting an alternating current voltage method, a direct current method or a segmentation method according to the recorded data; the direct current method comprises a direct current bridge method and a direct current method; any method finds out a fault point and then enters the next step; when no fault point is found by adopting the alternating current voltage method, entering the direct current bridge method if basic data are met, and entering the direct current method if the basic data are not met; if no fault point is found by the direct current method, entering the segmentation method; compared with the prior art, the invention integrates an alternating current voltage method, a direct current method and a segmentation method in a set of investigation system, thereby being capable of more accurately finding out fault points, effectively improving working efficiency, reducing labor intensity and having popularization and application values.

Description

Auxiliary searching method for generator stator ground fault
Technical Field
The invention relates to a generator fault processing technology, in particular to an auxiliary searching method for a generator stator grounding fault.
Background
The generator stator grounding refers to a single-phase grounding short circuit generated by a primary system directly connected with a generator stator winding loop. The grounding time of the stator can be divided into instant grounding, intermittent grounding and permanent grounding; the grounding range can be divided into an internal grounding and an external grounding; grounding properties can be categorized into metallic grounding, arc grounding and resistive grounding; ground causes can be categorized into true grounds and false grounds. In the prior art, manual investigation is mostly adopted for the grounding faults of the generator stator, and the working efficiency of the electric generator stator is low, time and labor are wasted, and the accuracy is low, so that a high-efficiency and rapid method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an auxiliary searching method for a generator stator grounding fault.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting stator basic data and ground fault phenomenon data of the generator;
s2: performing fault finding by adopting an alternating current voltage method, a direct current method or a segmentation method according to the recorded data; the direct current method comprises a direct current bridge method and a direct current method; any method finds out a fault point and then enters the next step; when no fault point is found by adopting the alternating current voltage method, entering the direct current bridge method if basic data are met, and entering the direct current method if the basic data are not met; if no fault point is found by the direct current method, entering the segmentation method;
s3: and (5) ending.
The alternating voltage method comprises the following steps: under the maintenance state of the generator, the isolating knife switch of the neutral point grounding device of the generator is pulled open, the voltage transformer at the end of the generator is pulled open, the connection point of the excitation variable high-voltage side is opened, the generator and the bus connection point are opened, the neutral point of the generator is opened, and an alternating current withstand voltage test is carried out on the stator coil of the generator according to the test specification requirements.
The direct current bridge method comprises the following steps: the stator windings on two sides of a fault grounding point are used as two arms of the bridge by utilizing the principle of a single-arm bridge, two adjustable resistor boxes are used as the other two arms of the bridge, a direct current power supply is externally connected, the resistance value of the variable resistor boxes is adjusted, the bridge is balanced, and the grounding fault point is calculated.
The direct current method comprises the following steps: after judging the protection fault phase, disconnecting the generator fault phase from the bus, disconnecting the neutral point of the non-fault phase, and disconnecting the grounding connection of the neutral point; and applying continuously increased direct current to the fault phase with Rx less than 0.5MΩ, in the process, observing whether the stator winding has slight sparks and smoke, and simultaneously using infrared temperature measuring equipment to assist in observing whether a place with different temperature from the surrounding wire rod exists until the fault point is finally determined.
The division method adopts a dichotomy and a golden section method, wherein the dichotomy is to open a merging sleeve at 1/2 of a fault phase winding, judge which half of the fault is, then continue to search a fault point by the dichotomy, and the like until the fault point is found; the golden section method is the same, the division is taken at 0.618 of the fault phase winding, and so on until the fault point is found.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the auxiliary searching method for the grounding faults of the generator stator integrates an alternating current voltage method, a direct current method and a segmentation method in a set of checking system, so that fault points can be more accurately searched, the working efficiency is effectively improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the method has popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic wiring diagram of a withstand voltage test of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the AC voltage method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a DC bridge method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the DC bridge method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the DC method of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of the segmentation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the invention are for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in fig. 1: the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting stator basic data and ground fault phenomenon data of the generator;
motor stator base data such as:
the model of the generator: SF40-32/6500; rated capacity: 47058kVA; power factor: 0.85 (hysteresis); rated power: 40000kW; rated voltage: 10500V; rated current: 2587A; frequency: rated rotation speed of 50 HZ: 187.5r/min; flyaway rotational speed: 375r/min; phase number: 3, a step of; stator winding connection method: 2Y; rated excitation voltage: 400V; rated exciting current: 517A; excitation mode: exciting the static silicon controlled rectifier; moment of inertia (CD 2): 3000t.m2; stator core outer diameter: 6500mm; stator core inside diameter: 5930mm; stator core length: 1300mm; air gap: 14mm; resistance of the stator winding at 15 ℃): 0.0074 omega; resistance of the rotor winding at 15 ℃): 0.5301 Ω; stator leakage reactance Xe:0.0923 per unit value; the guard reactance Xp:0.213 per unit value; vertical axis synchronous reactance Xd:1.025 per unit; vertical axis transient reactance Xd':0.267 per unit; vertical axis transient reactance Xd ":0.185 per unit value; horizontal axis synchronous reactance Xq:0.649 per unit value; horizontal axis transient reactance Xq':0.649 per unit value; transverse axis transient reactance Xq ":0.209 per unit value; zero sequence reactance Xo:0.081 per unit value; negative sequence reactance Xz:0.197 per unit value; time constant Tdo' of excitation winding when stator winding is open: 6.253S; time constant Td' of the excitation winding when the stator winding is shorted: 1.631S
Time constant Ta of stator winding when excitation winding is shorted: 0.16S; short circuit ratio: 1.12; efficiency is that: 97.9% x-bar number = 384; RA upper layer = 0.0074 Ω; RA lower layer = 0.0074 Ω; RB upper layer = 0.0074 Ω; RB lower layer = 0.0074 Ω; RC upper layer = 0.0074 Ω; RC lower layer = 0.0074 Ω;
ground fault phenomenon data such as:
appearance observation: is an obvious failure point found? The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Fault wave recording, relay protection device and upper computer report; initial measurement data (insulation resistance values of windings of each layer); upper and lower layer data of RA, RB, RC;
s2: performing fault finding by adopting an alternating current voltage method, a direct current method or a segmentation method according to the recorded data; the direct current method comprises a direct current bridge method and a direct current method; any method finds out a fault point and then enters the next step; when no fault point is found by adopting the alternating current voltage method, entering the direct current bridge method if basic data are met, and entering the direct current method if the basic data are not met; if no fault point is found by the direct current method, entering the segmentation method;
s3: and (5) ending.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3: the alternating voltage method comprises the following steps: under the maintenance state of the generator, the isolating knife switch of the neutral point grounding device of the generator is pulled open, the voltage transformer at the end of the generator is pulled open, the connection point of the excitation variable high-voltage side is opened, the generator and the bus connection point are opened, the neutral point of the generator is opened, and an alternating current withstand voltage test is carried out on the stator coil of the generator according to the test specification requirements.
a: the wiring is carried out according to fig. 2, the phase-splitting generator stator coil winding is subjected to an alternating current (direct current) withstand voltage test, the tested phase is pressurized, the non-tested phase is in short circuit connection with the ground, and the rotor winding is grounded.
b: the secondary windings of the neutral point current transformers of the generator are all in short circuit grounding, and the temperature measuring elements of the generator are in short circuit grounding.
c: after checking, the test can be started, the voltage is increased from zero to a preset test voltage value slowly for 1min, the voltage is kept stable for a withstand voltage duration, and the voltage is reduced slowly after the time is up. The highest test voltage is selected according to the direct current withstand voltage test voltage of the 4 th stator winding and the alternating current withstand voltage test voltage of the 5 th stator winding of the 5.1 th item of the DLT 596-2021 electric power equipment preventive test procedure.
d: in the boosting and withstand voltage processes, the situation of each part is closely concerned, such as pointer swing of a voltmeter, whether the ammeter has sharply increased current or not, and smoke, gas outlet, coke odor, flashover, combustion or breakdown noise occurs in the generator.
e: if abnormal phenomenon occurs, the voltage boosting should be stopped, and the insulation breakdown point should be searched after the voltage is reduced.
Test data: rx=Ω.
Principle of: for the faults which are not obvious in the grounding point of the stator or are the faults which are the problems can not be measured by using the insulating megger, a direct-current withstand voltage or alternating-current withstand voltage test is adopted, voltage is applied between the stator fault phase winding and the ground, and in the process, whether the stator winding has discharge sound and sparks or slight smoke is observed. If the fault point cannot be found, the voltage is continuously increased to completely break down the insulation of the fault point, so that the fault point becomes a metallic grounding fault or a lower insulation resistance state, and then the fault point is searched by adopting a method of measuring insulation by sectional isolation until the grounding fault point is finally determined.
The merits are that: the continuous pressurization observation spark is only applicable to the case where the ground resistance is close to zero and the ground portion is at the stator end. The probability of observing the appearance is small when the stator winding ground fault point is at the slot part, because the slot part stator winding is blocked by the slot wedge, and even if the slot wedge is completely knocked out, the phenomenon can not be observed, because the lower layer is blocked from being observed or the spark is difficult to observe. If the insulation of the fault point is completely broken down, the components such as the stator core and the like in the area near the fault point are easily damaged, so that the fault range is artificially enlarged, and the subsequent overhaul workload is increased.
Inspection tool: ac voltage withstand equipment/dc voltage withstand equipment, infrared temperature measuring tools, digital megohmmeter, wrenches and common tools.
Isolation measures:
1) And removing the head-tail flexible connection of the generator stator, and removing the interlayer connection of the stator fault phase.
2) And (3) short-circuiting all secondary wiring of the generator stator temperature measurement probe to ground.
3) And (5) shorting the head end and the tail end of the non-fault phase to the ground.
Checking and judging logic:
judgment logic:
(1) Determining a fault phase Rx which is more than 0.5MΩ by using an insulation resistance meter, and comprehensively analyzing the phase with relatively smaller insulation resistance value as the fault phase according to the measured value of each phase;
(2) The wiring is carried out according to a test wiring diagram, and the pressure is continuously applied according to the principle of staying for 1min at each stage according to the voltage level of 0.5/1/1.5/2 Un.
(3) If breakdown exists, the phenomenon is that: a. slight sparks and plumes were found; b. sending out a 'snap' to release sound; c. the infrared temperature measuring tool can find that the fault point has obvious deviation from the ambient temperature; d. the pointer of the ammeter of the withstand voltage equipment rises rapidly; e. no phenomenon exists.
As shown in fig. 4-5: the direct current bridge method comprises the following steps: the stator windings on two sides of a fault grounding point are used as two arms of the bridge by utilizing the principle of a single-arm bridge, two adjustable resistor boxes are used as the other two arms of the bridge, a direct current power supply is externally connected, the resistance value of the variable resistor boxes is adjusted, the bridge is balanced, and the grounding fault point is calculated.
Bridge measurement terminals X1 and X2 are connected to the head and tail ends of the stator fault phase, respectively. When the bridge is balanced, then: r2xr=r1 (L-X) R; from this follows: x=r1/(r1+r2) ·l; wherein: -the number of stator bars from the stator winding head end to the fault point; l is the total number of stator coil bars; r1 and R2 are bridge arm resistances (omega); r-resistance (Ω) of a single stator bar.
The merits are that: the fault location determined by the method is not high in accuracy, and only the approximate location of the fault point can be judged generally. In order to find the exact fault point position, after the approximate position interval is determined, a method for intuitively determining the fault point position is also needed to search the fault point.
Inspection tool: resistor box X2, galvanometer, DC power supply, 2m copper single-core test wire X2, spanner and other common tools
As shown in fig. 6: the direct current method comprises the following steps: the method is suitable for the situation that the insulation resistance Rx is smaller than 0.5MΩ and cannot judge the fault point. After judging the protection fault phase, disconnecting the generator fault phase from the bus, disconnecting the neutral point of the non-fault phase, and disconnecting the grounding connection of the neutral point; and applying continuously increased direct current to the fault phase with Rx less than 0.5MΩ, in the process, observing whether the stator winding has slight sparks and smoke, and simultaneously using infrared temperature measuring equipment to assist in observing whether a place with different temperature from the surrounding wire rod exists until the fault point is finally determined.
The method is suitable for fault judgment of a single wire rod in a single slot, and if the ground fault is transmitted to the wire rod in an adjacent slot and the adjacent wire rod happens to be the same phase and different branches, judgment is needed according to drawings and actual field conditions. When the direct current is applied, the magnitude and the energizing time of the applied current are mastered so as to avoid enlarging faults.
Inspection tool: direct current rising equipment, an infrared temperature measuring tool, a digital megameter, a spanner and common tools.
Isolation measures:
1) And removing the head-tail flexible connection of the generator stator, and removing the interlayer connection of the stator fault phase.
2) And (3) short-circuiting all secondary wiring of the generator stator temperature measurement probe to ground.
3) And (5) shorting the head end and the tail end of the non-fault phase to the ground.
Judgment logic:
(1) Determination of faulty phases (Rx < 0.5MΩ) using an insulation resistance meter
(2) Applying DC current to faulty phase
(3) Phenomenon: a. slight sparks and plumes were found; b. emitting 'Zizi' discharge sound; c. the infrared temperature measuring tool can find that the fault point has obvious deviation from the ambient temperature; d. no phenomenon exists.
As shown in fig. 7: the division method adopts a dichotomy and a golden section method, wherein the dichotomy is to open a merging sleeve at 1/2 of a fault phase winding, judge which half of the fault is, then continue to search a fault point by the dichotomy, and the like until the fault point is found; the golden section method is the same, the division is taken at 0.618 of the fault phase winding, and so on until the fault point is found.
The dividing method is a method which can be used for finding out fault points finally, but the method is difficult to be used because the stator coil is removed and recovered and the sleeve is complicated to work, time and labor are wasted, and the requirement on the process is high.
Inspection tool: digital megohmmeter, electric welder, spanner and common tools
Isolation measures:
1) And removing the head-tail flexible connection of the generator stator, and removing the interlayer connection of the stator fault phase.
2) And (3) short-circuiting all secondary wiring of the generator stator temperature measurement probe to ground.
Checking and judging logic:
and (3) fault phase judgment: and preliminarily judging the grounding phase of the stator according to the message (stator grounding protection) of the unit protection device and the fault wave recording device and the voltage sampling wave recording (monitoring historical data) of the machine end.
The method comprises the following steps: and checking messages (stator grounding protection) of the unit protection device and the fault wave recording device, sampling and recording (monitoring historical data) of the machine terminal voltage, and analyzing and judging each data during faults.
Test data: ua= V, UB = V, UC =v
Judgment logic: wherein the lowest voltage phase is the ground fault phase Ux.
And (3) fault phase fault area investigation: and combining the steps, decomposing each part of the equipment, and further judging the position of the grounding fault point.
The method comprises the following steps: and in the overhauling state of the generator, pulling open the neutral point grounding device isolation disconnecting link of the generator, pulling open the voltage transformer at the generator end, and unlocking the connection point of the excitation variable high-voltage side. The 2500V digital megameter is used for testing the phase-splitting insulation resistance of fault phase electric primary equipment such as a neutral point grounding device, a machine end voltage transformer, an excitation transformer, a generator outlet bus, a stator coil and the like.
And (5) checking the grounding fault point of the stator coil part of the generator.
The method comprises the following steps: first, the visual part of the stator coil is checked, and if the visual part of the stator coil is not abnormal, the stator coil is checked by using a segmentation method. The winding coil cover is unfastened at the position of 0.618 (golden division point) of the stator coil, the stator coil is divided into 1 section and 2 sections, and insulation resistance tests are respectively carried out on the two sections of stator coil windings by using 2500V digital insulation megameters. And (3) the coil with the test result smaller than 0.5MΩ is divided into two sections by adopting a golden section method, and the steps are repeated until a fault point is found.
Inspection tool: digital insulated megohmmeter.
Test data: rx (x) Stator coil A =_Ω,Rx Stator coil B =_Ω。
Judgment logic:
Rx stator coil 1 < 0.5MΩ in the stator coil Rx Stator coil 1 A ground fault point exists;
Rx stator coil 2 < 0.5MΩ in the stator coil Rx Stator coil 1 There is a point of ground fault.
And when the ground fault point is not found, the steps are circularly executed until the ground fault point is found.
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and all technical modifications made according to the technical scheme of the invention fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The auxiliary search method for the grounding fault of the generator stator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: inputting stator basic data and ground fault phenomenon data of the generator;
s2: performing fault finding by adopting an alternating current voltage method, a direct current method or a segmentation method according to the recorded data; the direct current method comprises a direct current bridge method and a direct current method; any method finds out a fault point and then enters the next step; when no fault point is found by adopting the alternating current voltage method, entering the direct current bridge method if basic data are met, and entering the direct current method if the basic data are not met; if no fault point is found by the direct current method, entering the segmentation method;
s3: and (5) ending.
2. The generator stator ground fault auxiliary finding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alternating voltage method comprises the following steps: under the maintenance state of the generator, the isolating knife switch of the neutral point grounding device of the generator is pulled open, the voltage transformer at the end of the generator is pulled open, the connection point of the excitation variable high-voltage side is opened, the generator and the bus connection point are opened, the neutral point of the generator is opened, and an alternating current withstand voltage test is carried out on the stator coil of the generator according to the test specification requirements.
3. The generator stator ground fault auxiliary finding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the direct current bridge method comprises the following steps: the stator windings on two sides of a fault grounding point are used as two arms of the bridge by utilizing the principle of a single-arm bridge, two adjustable resistor boxes are used as the other two arms of the bridge, a direct current power supply is externally connected, the resistance value of the variable resistor boxes is adjusted, the bridge is balanced, and the grounding fault point is calculated.
4. The generator stator ground fault auxiliary finding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the direct current method comprises the following steps: after judging the protection fault phase, disconnecting the generator fault phase from the bus, disconnecting the neutral point of the non-fault phase, and disconnecting the grounding connection of the neutral point; and applying continuously increased direct current to the fault phase with Rx less than 0.5MΩ, in the process, observing whether the stator winding has slight sparks and smoke, and simultaneously using infrared temperature measuring equipment to assist in observing whether a place with different temperature from the surrounding wire rod exists until the fault point is finally determined.
5. The generator stator ground fault auxiliary finding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the division method adopts a dichotomy and a golden section method, wherein the dichotomy is to open a merging sleeve at 1/2 of a fault phase winding, judge which half of the fault is, then continue to search a fault point by the dichotomy, and the like until the fault point is found; the golden section method is the same, the division is taken at 0.618 of the fault phase winding, and so on until the fault point is found.
CN202310115380.2A 2023-02-14 2023-02-14 Auxiliary searching method for generator stator ground fault Pending CN116520188A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102692583A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-09-26 国电大渡河检修安装有限公司 Finding method of multi-branch-circuit power generator stator winding grounded short circuit point
CN103777108A (en) * 2013-10-24 2014-05-07 黄政 Method for quickly searching grounding fault point of electrical equipment
JP2019060726A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-18 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 Forcible grounding device and ground fault surveying device
CN114236288A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-25 国网新疆电力有限公司阿勒泰供电公司 Fault positioning method based on power transmission line

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102692583A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-09-26 国电大渡河检修安装有限公司 Finding method of multi-branch-circuit power generator stator winding grounded short circuit point
CN103777108A (en) * 2013-10-24 2014-05-07 黄政 Method for quickly searching grounding fault point of electrical equipment
JP2019060726A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-18 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 Forcible grounding device and ground fault surveying device
CN114236288A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-25 国网新疆电力有限公司阿勒泰供电公司 Fault positioning method based on power transmission line

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张海云: "发电机定子绕组接地故障查找及处理实例", 《小水电》, no. 1, pages 56 - 57 *
李建明 等: "《高压电气设备试验方法》", 31 August 2001, 中国电力出版社, pages: 390 - 391 *

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