CN116520094A - Cable fault detection and early warning system and method - Google Patents
Cable fault detection and early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116520094A CN116520094A CN202310780244.5A CN202310780244A CN116520094A CN 116520094 A CN116520094 A CN 116520094A CN 202310780244 A CN202310780244 A CN 202310780244A CN 116520094 A CN116520094 A CN 116520094A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cable fault detection early warning system and a method, and relates to the technical field of cable fault detection. Collecting grounding current signals at two ends of a cable branch and sending the grounding current signals to a local server; judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals, and sending acquisition instructions to signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branch; collecting core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current of a fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to a local server; determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a branch cable of a fault cable; the cloud server issues a fault alert. Three layers of detection architectures of a cloud server, a local server and a signal acquisition module are constructed, fault cable branches in a distribution cable network are perceived by using ground wire current, and then fault coordinates are accurately positioned by core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current. The overall efficiency and the position detection precision of the cable are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable fault detection, in particular to a cable fault detection early warning system and a cable fault detection early warning method.
Background
In a power distribution network, a cable circuit has become one of important components of the power distribution circuit by virtue of the advantages of stable and reliable power supply, durability and the like. Although the power cable has high power supply reliability, the power cable is generally buried underground and has a complex circuit structure, and the power cable is not easy to directly find out the fault position and remove the fault in time when the fault occurs. Accurate sensing of underground distribution cable faults is a difficult task due to the complex structure and complex fault conditions. Fault detection is mainly performed in the prior art using a Distribution Automation System (DAS) and a Fault Indication System (FIS).
However, both DAS and FIS are currently based on a centralized data processing system (CDS), increasing the communication pressure and data processing time of the master station. And the mutual inductance between the core wire and the sheath of the traditional distance relay and the obvious capacitance effect can have adverse effects on the visible impedance of the distance relay, so that the fault position cannot be accurately determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the background technology and provides a cable fault detection and early warning system and a cable fault detection and early warning method.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention firstly provides a cable fault detection and early warning system, which comprises a cloud server, a local server and a plurality of signal acquisition modules; two ends of each cable branch in the cable network are provided with signal acquisition modules;
the signal acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring grounding current signals at two ends of the cable branch and sending the grounding current signals to the local server;
the local server is used for judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sending acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branches;
the signal acquisition module is also used for acquiring the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server when receiving the acquisition instruction;
the local server is also used for determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of the fault cable branch cable and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to the cloud server;
and the cloud server is used for marking the fault position in the network topology graph corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sending out fault alarms.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention also provides a cable fault detection and early warning method, which is applied to a local server and comprises the following steps:
receiving grounding current signals at two ends of each cable branch periodically collected by a signal collection module of each cable branch in a cable network;
judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals, and sending acquisition instructions to a signal acquisition module corresponding to the faulty cable branch; after receiving the acquisition instruction, the signal acquisition module acquires the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sends the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server;
determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a fault cable branch cable, and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to a cloud server; and the cloud server marks the fault position in the network topology diagram corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sends out fault alarm.
Optionally, determining whether each cable branch has a fault according to the ground current signal includes:
determining a singular point in the grounding current signal for each cable branch, and intercepting the current signal in a preset time period after the singular point in the current signal as a judging signal;
judging the relation between the judging signal and the maximum grounding wire current corresponding to the cable branch;
if the maximum amplitude value of the cable branch discrimination signal is larger than the maximum ground wire current, determining that the cable branch has faults;
and if the maximum amplitude value of the cable branch judging signal is not greater than the maximum ground wire current, determining that the cable branch has no fault.
Optionally, the preset time period is a transmission period of the power transmission of the cable branch.
Optionally, before determining the relationship between the discrimination signal and the maximum ground line current corresponding to the cable branch, the method further includes:
for each cable branch, calculating a corresponding maximum ground line current: wherein ,/>Is the maximum ground line current, +.>For the ground current of the normal cable branch, +.>Is the resistance of the grounding wire, +.>For the length of the cable branch, and />Respectively representing the mutual resistance and mutual inductance between the core wire and the sheath of the cable branch in unit length, < + >>Is a natural constant.
Optionally, both ends of the fault cable branch cable comprise an input end and an output end; determining the fault location coordinates according to the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current at two ends of the branch cable of the fault cable comprises:
dividing the fault cable branch into a preset number of cable segments and identifying corresponding position coordinates to construct an equivalent circuit of the fault cable branch;
substituting core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents of an input end and an output end of a fault cable branch into an equivalent circuit respectively, and calculating to obtain a first core wire partial voltage and a first sheath partial voltage of the input end of each cable section and a second core wire partial voltage and a second sheath partial voltage of the output end through electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC;
for each cable section, respectively calculating an input core sleeve voltage difference of an input end and an output core sleeve voltage difference of an output end;
and determining the cable section with the smallest phase difference between the input core sleeve voltage difference and the output core sleeve voltage difference as a fault cable section, wherein the position coordinate of the fault cable section is a fault position coordinate.
Optionally, constructing the equivalent circuit of the fault cable branch comprises equivalent core wire resistance and sheath resistance of each cable segment to be parallel, wherein two ends of the core wire resistance and the sheath resistance are respectively connected by equivalent capacitance between the core wire and the sheath, and the equivalent capacitance of the fault segment is parallel to the equivalent fault resistance.
Optionally, for each cable section, calculating the input core sleeve voltage difference of the input end and the output core sleeve voltage difference of the output end respectively is specifically: wherein ,/>For the core voltage difference of the input terminal, +.>For the first core voltage of the cable section, < >>The first core voltage of the cable of the next section of the cable section,/>The first jacket partial voltage of the cable section, < >>The first jacket of the cable next to the cable section is divided into a voltage, or +.>For the voltage difference of the core sleeve at the output end, the ratio of the core sleeve to the output end is +.>For the second core voltage of the cable section, < >>The second core voltage of the cable next to the cable section,/>The second jacket partial voltage of the cable section, < >>The second sheath of the cable next to the cable section is divided into voltages.
The third aspect of the embodiment of the invention also provides a cable fault detection and early warning method which is applied to the signal acquisition module, wherein the signal acquisition modules are arranged at the two ends of each cable branch in the cable network; the method comprises the following steps:
periodically collecting grounding current signals at two ends of a cable branch and sending the signals to a local server; the local server judges whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sends acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branch;
when an acquisition instruction is received, acquiring core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current of a fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to a local server; the local server determines fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a fault cable branch cable, and fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch are sent to the cloud server; and the cloud server marks the fault position in the network topology diagram corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sends out a fault alarm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a cable fault detection and early warning system, which comprises a cloud server, a local server and a plurality of signal acquisition modules; two ends of each cable branch in the cable network are provided with signal acquisition modules; the signal acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring grounding current signals at two ends of the cable branch and sending the grounding current signals to the local server; the local server is used for judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sending acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branches; the signal acquisition module is also used for acquiring the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server when receiving the acquisition instruction; the local server is also used for determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of the fault cable branch cable and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to the cloud server; and the cloud server is used for marking the fault position in the network topology graph corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sending out fault alarms. Three layers of detection architectures of a cloud server, a local server and a signal acquisition module are constructed, fault cable branches in a distribution cable network are perceived by using ground wire current, and then fault coordinates are accurately positioned by core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current. The overall efficiency and the position detection precision of the cable are improved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cable fault detection and early warning method applied to a local server according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a cable fault detection and early warning method applied to a signal acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cable fault detection and early warning system, which comprises a cloud server, a local server and a plurality of signal acquisition modules; two ends of each cable branch in the cable network are provided with signal acquisition modules;
the signal acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring grounding current signals at two ends of the cable branch and sending the grounding current signals to the local server;
the local server is used for judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sending acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branches;
the signal acquisition module is also used for acquiring the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server when receiving the acquisition instruction;
the local server is also used for determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of the fault cable branch cable and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to the cloud server;
and the cloud server is used for marking the fault position in the network topology graph corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sending out fault alarms.
Based on the cable fault detection early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention, a three-layer detection framework of a cloud server-a local server-a signal acquisition module is constructed, fault cable branches in a distribution cable network are perceived by using ground wire current, and then fault coordinates are accurately positioned by core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current. The overall efficiency and the position detection precision of the cable are improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a cable fault detection and early warning method applied to the local server, and referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of the cable fault detection and early warning method applied to the local server. The method comprises the following steps:
s101, receiving grounding current signals at two ends of each cable branch periodically collected by a signal collection module of each cable branch in a cable network;
s102, judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals, and sending acquisition instructions to a signal acquisition module corresponding to the faulty cable branch; after receiving the acquisition instruction, the signal acquisition module acquires the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sends the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server;
s103, determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a fault cable branch cable, and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to a cloud server; and the cloud server marks the fault position in the network topology diagram corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sends out fault alarm.
Based on the cable fault detection and early warning method applied to the local server, a three-layer detection framework of a cloud server-local server-signal acquisition module is constructed, fault cable branches in a distribution cable network are perceived by using ground wire current, and fault coordinates are accurately positioned by core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current. The overall efficiency and the position detection precision of the cable are improved.
In one embodiment, determining whether each cable branch has a fault based on the ground current signal includes:
determining a singular point in the grounding current signal for each cable branch, and intercepting the current signal in a preset time period after the singular point in the current signal as a judging signal;
judging the relation between the judging signal and the maximum grounding wire current corresponding to the cable branch;
if the maximum amplitude value of the cable branch discrimination signal is larger than the maximum ground wire current, determining that the cable branch has faults;
and if the maximum amplitude value of the cable branch judging signal is not greater than the maximum ground wire current, determining that the cable branch has no fault.
In one embodiment, the preset time period is a transmission period of the power transmission of the cable branch.
In one embodiment, before determining the relationship of the discrimination signal to the maximum ground current corresponding to the cable branch, the method further comprises:
for each cable branch, calculating a corresponding maximum ground line current:
wherein ,is the maximum ground line current, +.>For the ground current of the normal cable branch, +.>Is the resistance of the grounding wire, +.>For the cable branch length, < > for> and />Respectively representing the mutual resistance and mutual inductance between the core wire and the sheath of the cable branch in unit length, < + >>Is a natural constant.
In one embodiment, the two ends of the fault cable branch cable comprise an input end and an output end; determining the fault location coordinates according to the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current at two ends of the branch cable of the fault cable comprises:
dividing the fault cable branch into a preset number of cable segments and identifying corresponding position coordinates to construct an equivalent circuit of the fault cable branch;
substituting core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents of an input end and an output end of a fault cable branch into an equivalent circuit respectively, and calculating to obtain a first core wire partial voltage and a first sheath partial voltage of the input end of each cable section and a second core wire partial voltage and a second sheath partial voltage of the output end through electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC;
for each cable section, respectively calculating an input core sleeve voltage difference of an input end and an output core sleeve voltage difference of an output end;
and determining the cable section with the smallest phase difference between the input core sleeve voltage difference and the output core sleeve voltage difference as a fault cable section, wherein the position coordinate of the fault cable section is a fault position coordinate.
In one implementation, the fault cable branch is divided into a predetermined number of cable segments, which may be divided according to the actual length of the fault cable branch. For example, the longer the actual length of the faulty cable leg, the longer each cable segment divided. The fault cable branch is divided into N sections of cable, each section is required to be assumed to be a fault section in sequence due to unknown fault points, and a core wire and a sheath of the fault section can be regarded as being connected by a fault resistor, so that the core sleeve voltage difference calculated by using measurement data on two sides of the cable in the fault section is necessarily the same, and the fault cable section can be determined according to the difference value of the input core sleeve voltage difference and the output core sleeve voltage difference.
In one embodiment, constructing the equivalent circuit of the fault cable branch comprises equivalent core wire resistance and sheath resistance of each cable segment to be parallel, wherein two ends of the core wire resistance and the sheath resistance are respectively connected by equivalent capacitance between the core wire and the sheath, and the equivalent capacitance of the fault segment is parallel to the equivalent fault resistance.
In one embodiment, for each cable segment, the input core sleeve voltage difference of the input end and the output core sleeve voltage difference of the output end are calculated respectively as follows: wherein ,/>For the core voltage difference of the input terminal, +.>For the first core voltage of the cable section, < >>The first core voltage of the cable of the next section of the cable section,/>The first jacket partial voltage of the cable section, < >>The first jacket of the cable next to the cable section is divided into a voltage, or +.>For the voltage difference of the core sleeve at the output end, the ratio of the core sleeve to the output end is +.>For the second core voltage of the cable section, < >>The second core voltage of the cable next to the cable section,/>The second jacket partial voltage of the cable section, < >>The second sheath of the cable next to the cable section is divided into voltages.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a cable fault detection and early warning method applied to the signal acquisition module, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flow chart of the cable fault detection and early warning method applied to the signal acquisition module. The method comprises the following steps:
s201, periodically collecting grounding current signals at two ends of a cable branch and sending the grounding current signals to a local server; the local server judges whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sends acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branch;
s202, when an acquisition instruction is received, core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current of a fault cable branch are acquired and sent to a local server; the local server determines fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a fault cable branch cable, and fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch are sent to the cloud server; and the cloud server marks the fault position in the network topology diagram corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sends out a fault alarm.
Based on the cable fault detection and early warning method applied to the signal acquisition module, a three-layer detection framework of a cloud server-a local server-the signal acquisition module is constructed, fault cable branches in a distribution cable network are perceived by using ground wire current, and then fault coordinates are accurately positioned by core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current. The overall efficiency and the position detection precision of the cable are improved.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means from one website, computer, server, or data center. Computer readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or data storage devices, such as servers, data centers, etc., that contain an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus, the electronic device, and the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program product embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to the method embodiments being referred to in the section of the description of the method embodiments.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The cable fault detection early warning system is characterized by comprising a cloud server, a local server and a plurality of signal acquisition modules; two ends of each cable branch in the cable network are provided with signal acquisition modules;
the signal acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring grounding current signals at two ends of the cable branch and sending the grounding current signals to the local server;
the local server is used for judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sending acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branches;
the signal acquisition module is also used for acquiring the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server when receiving the acquisition instruction;
the local server is also used for determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of the fault cable branch cable and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to the cloud server;
and the cloud server is used for marking the fault position in the network topology graph corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sending out fault alarms.
2. The cable fault detection and early warning method is characterized by being applied to a local server, and comprises the following steps:
receiving grounding current signals at two ends of each cable branch periodically collected by a signal collection module of each cable branch in a cable network;
judging whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals, and sending acquisition instructions to a signal acquisition module corresponding to the faulty cable branch; after receiving the acquisition instruction, the signal acquisition module acquires the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current of the fault cable branch and sends the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to the local server;
determining fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a fault cable branch cable, and sending fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch to a cloud server; and the cloud server marks the fault position in the network topology diagram corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sends out fault alarm.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining whether each cable branch has a fault based on the ground current signal comprises:
determining a singular point in the grounding current signal for each cable branch, and intercepting the current signal in a preset time period after the singular point in the current signal as a judging signal;
judging the relation between the judging signal and the maximum grounding wire current corresponding to the cable branch;
if the maximum amplitude value of the cable branch discrimination signal is larger than the maximum ground wire current, determining that the cable branch has faults;
and if the maximum amplitude value of the cable branch judging signal is not greater than the maximum ground wire current, determining that the cable branch has no fault.
4. The cable fault detection and early warning method according to claim 3, wherein the preset time period is a transmission period of the power transmission of the cable branch.
5. The cable fault detection pre-warning method according to claim 2, wherein before judging the relationship between the discrimination signal and the maximum ground line current corresponding to the cable branch, the method further comprises:
for each cable branch, calculating a corresponding maximum ground line current: wherein ,/>Is the maximum ground line current, +.>For the ground current of the normal cable branch, +.>Is the resistance of the grounding wire, +.>For the length of the cable branch，/> and />Respectively representing the mutual resistance and mutual inductance between the core wire and the sheath of the cable branch in unit length, < + >>Is a natural constant.
6. A cable fault detection and warning method according to claim 3, wherein the two ends of the faulty cable branch cable comprise an input end and an output end; determining the fault location coordinates according to the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current at two ends of the branch cable of the fault cable comprises:
dividing the fault cable branch into a preset number of cable segments and identifying corresponding position coordinates to construct an equivalent circuit of the fault cable branch;
substituting core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents of an input end and an output end of a fault cable branch into an equivalent circuit respectively, and calculating to obtain a first core wire partial voltage and a first sheath partial voltage of the input end of each cable section and a second core wire partial voltage and a second sheath partial voltage of the output end through electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC;
for each cable section, respectively calculating an input core sleeve voltage difference of an input end and an output core sleeve voltage difference of an output end;
and determining the cable section with the smallest phase difference between the input core sleeve voltage difference and the output core sleeve voltage difference as a fault cable section, wherein the position coordinate of the fault cable section is a fault position coordinate.
7. The cable fault detection and early warning method according to claim 6, wherein the construction of the equivalent circuit of the fault cable branch comprises the steps of equivalent connecting a core wire and a sheath of each cable section to form a core wire resistor and a sheath resistor which are connected in parallel, wherein two ends of the core wire resistor and the sheath resistor are respectively connected by an equivalent capacitor between the core wire and the sheath, and the equivalent capacitor of the fault section is connected with the equivalent fault resistor in parallel.
8. The cable fault detection and early warning method according to claim 6, wherein for each cable section, calculating the input core sleeve voltage difference of the input end and the output core sleeve voltage difference of the output end respectively is specifically as follows: wherein ,/>For the core voltage difference of the input terminal, +.>For the first core voltage of the cable section, < >>The first core voltage of the cable of the next section of the cable section,/>The first jacket partial voltage of the cable section, < >>The first jacket of the cable next to the cable section is divided into a voltage, or +.>For the voltage difference of the core sleeve at the output end, the ratio of the core sleeve to the output end is +.>For the second core voltage of the cable section, < >>The second core voltage of the cable next to the cable section,/>The second jacket partial voltage of the cable section, < >>The second sheath of the cable next to the cable section is divided into voltages.
9. The cable fault detection and early warning method is characterized by being applied to a signal acquisition module, wherein the signal acquisition modules are arranged at the two ends of each cable branch in a cable network; the method comprises the following steps:
periodically collecting grounding current signals at two ends of a cable branch and sending the signals to a local server; the local server judges whether each cable branch has faults according to the grounding current signals and sends acquisition instructions to the signal acquisition modules corresponding to the faulty cable branch;
when an acquisition instruction is received, acquiring core wire voltage, core wire current and sheath current of a fault cable branch and sending the core wire voltage, the core wire current and the sheath current to a local server; the local server determines fault position coordinates according to core wire voltages, core wire currents and sheath currents at two ends of a fault cable branch cable, and fault information and fault coordinates of the fault cable branch are sent to the cloud server; and the cloud server marks the fault position in the network topology diagram corresponding to the cable network according to the fault information and the fault coordinates and sends out a fault alarm.
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