CN116517897A - Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof - Google Patents

Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116517897A
CN116517897A CN202310631431.7A CN202310631431A CN116517897A CN 116517897 A CN116517897 A CN 116517897A CN 202310631431 A CN202310631431 A CN 202310631431A CN 116517897 A CN116517897 A CN 116517897A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
oil
valve
hydraulic
tower crane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310631431.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
米成宏
钟耀伟
赵玉香
时浩然
宗理
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co Ltd XCMG
Original Assignee
Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co Ltd XCMG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co Ltd XCMG filed Critical Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co Ltd XCMG
Priority to CN202310631431.7A priority Critical patent/CN116517897A/en
Publication of CN116517897A publication Critical patent/CN116517897A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/20—Control systems or devices for non-electric drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic system applied to a tower crane, which comprises a hydraulic pump; the outlet of the hydraulic pump is communicated with a proportional overflow valve for adjusting the pressure of hydraulic oil, the output end of the proportional overflow valve is communicated with a pilot pressure reducing valve, the pilot pressure reducing valve is connected with a main control valve for transmitting signals, and the output end of the main control valve is communicated with a jacking oil cylinder through a hydraulic hose to form an oil path with a piston rod extending and contracting. The invention also discloses a control method of the hydraulic system applied to the tower crane, and the control module is used for regulating and controlling the pilot pressure reducing valve to realize the regulation and control of the main valve. According to the invention, the proportional overflow valve is added on the basis of the existing hydraulic system, so that the stepless pressure regulating function of the system can be realized, and the operation is simple and convenient; the pilot reducing valve is added, so that the pressure maintaining function of the hydraulic system is realized; meanwhile, the proportional overflow valve and the pilot pressure reducing valve are combined to control the pressure regulating and maintaining loop, so that the electric control corresponding current range of the system is large, and the pressure regulation of the electric control system is convenient.

Description

Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic systems, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system applied to a tower crane and a control method thereof.
Background
The hydraulic system of the tower crane is usually arranged in a hydraulic clamp, a jacking mechanism and a leveling mechanism of the lifting mechanism and the luffing mechanism. The hydraulic clamp in the lifting mechanism and the amplitude variation mechanism provides clamping damping force for the operation amplitude of the tower crane lifting load and the trolley. The hydraulic system of the jacking mechanism and the leveling mechanism provides jacking supporting force for leveling the self-lifting standard section and the underframe of the tower crane. However, the working condition of upper weight variation exists in the installation operation process of the tower crane, and different hydraulic system pressures enable the oil cylinder to provide different jacking supporting forces.
In the prior art, the lifting mechanism and the leveling mechanism of the tower crane often adopt a mechanism form of a hydraulic system and an oil cylinder, as shown in fig. 1, when the structures such as a crane boom and a counterweight of the tower crane are not completely installed and the weight of the upper part does not reach the preset weight, the pressure provided by the lifting mechanism can cause the oil cylinder to provide excessive lifting supporting force. When all the standard sections and the upper weight of the tower crane are not completely installed and the weight of the whole tower crane does not reach the preset weight, the jacking supporting force provided by the leveling mechanism for the leveling oil cylinder is far greater than the jacking force required by the tower crane; under the condition, the tower crane forcibly supports the load of the redundant jacking supporting force of the oil cylinder by virtue of the pin shaft, the hydraulic system is also influenced by the fact that the pressure of the oil cylinder system is inconsistent with the pressure provided by the oil level, and the oil cylinder can shake at the moment; the pin shaft bears redundant load, and meanwhile, the positioning working precision of the oil cylinder for jacking leveling and underframe leveling is influenced, so that the danger in jacking and leveling work is increased; and secondly, the pressure regulating and maintaining loop of the existing hydraulic system is complex, the number of elements is large, and the operation is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a hydraulic system which is simple to operate and control and is accurately controlled and applied to a tower crane; another object of the present invention is to provide a control method of the hydraulic system applied to the tower crane.
The technical scheme is as follows: the hydraulic system applied to the tower crane comprises a hydraulic pump; the outlet of the hydraulic pump is communicated with a proportional overflow valve for adjusting the pressure of hydraulic oil, the output end of the proportional overflow valve is communicated with a pilot pressure reducing valve, the pilot pressure reducing valve is connected with a main control valve for transmitting signals, and the output end of the main control valve is communicated with a jacking oil cylinder through a hydraulic hose to form an oil path with a piston rod extending and contracting.
The hydraulic lifting device further comprises an electric control module, a pressure sensor is arranged in the lifting oil cylinder, and the electric control module is connected with the pressure sensor and is connected with the pilot pressure reducing valve to transmit signals.
Wherein, the oil circuit that the piston rod stretches out includes: the hydraulic pump works to adjust the pressure of the hydraulic oil through the proportional overflow valve, then the hydraulic oil passes through the left position of the pilot pressure reducing valve and the main control valve to reach the large cavity of the jacking oil cylinder, and the oil return path is that the small cavity of the jacking oil cylinder passes through the left position of the main control valve to reach the oil return box.
Wherein, the oil circuit that the piston rod was retracted includes: the hydraulic pump works to enable hydraulic oil to pass through the right position of the pilot reducing valve, the right position of the main control valve and the left position of the hydraulic hose to reach the small cavity of the jacking cylinder.
The device also comprises an air filter arranged on the oil tank and a liquid thermometer with the same liquid level.
Wherein, the working current of the pilot pressure reducing valve is 380mA.
The relation between the pressure of the oil outlet of the proportional overflow valve and the load pressure is as follows: pa=pls+a, wherein Pa is the pressure of an output oil port of the proportional relief valve, pls is the load pressure, a is the working pressure, and a takes a value of 0.8-1 MPa.
The control method of the hydraulic system applied to the tower crane comprises the following steps:
step 1, when a tower crane needs to work, a hydraulic system starts to work, and the hydraulic oil pressure of hydraulic oil is regulated through a proportional overflow valve, so that the piston rod of a jacking cylinder is ensured to move to a designated position:
step 2, detecting whether the pressure value in the jacking oil cylinder reaches the pressure value range of the load or not through a pressure sensor, if so, keeping the pressure of the jacking oil cylinder, and if not, continuing to work after the oil supplementing and pressurizing of the jacking oil cylinder;
in the step 3 and the step 2, if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches the pressure value range of the load, the control module outputs 0mA current to the pilot reducing valve, and the main control valve returns to the middle position at the moment; if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor does not reach the pressure value range of the load, the control module outputs 380mA current to the pilot pressure reducing valve, and at the moment, the main control valve supplements oil to the middle jacking oil cylinder until reaching the pressure value range of the load, and then returns to the middle position.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable progress:
(1) According to the invention, the proportional overflow valve and the pilot reducing valve are arranged on the basis of the existing hydraulic system, and when the piston rod after pressure regulation is controlled by the proportional overflow valve to extend and retract to a designated position, the main control valve returns to the middle position, so that stepless pressure regulation of the whole system is realized, and the complexity of pressure regulation in operation is reduced; the main control valve enters an automatic pressure maintaining working condition by controlling the output current of the pilot proportional valve, in the working condition, the hydraulic pump only provides the flow for supplementing the leakage in the system, the main valve is ensured to return to the middle position, meanwhile, an excessive load is not applied to the pin shaft, and when the load becomes large, the main control valve is started by controlling the output current of the proportional valve, so that the oil supplementing and pressure maintaining are realized;
(2) According to the invention, aiming at the problem of load change in the jacking and leveling working process, the pressure sensor is arranged to detect whether the pressure value of the oil cylinder in the working process reaches the set range, the pressure maintaining or oil supplementing operation is carried out on the oil cylinder, the loss of the excessive hydraulic pressure to the pin shaft is reduced on the premise of ensuring the normal jacking or leveling working, and meanwhile, the whole control process is simple and easy to operate, and the jacking or leveling precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the control of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention is applied to a hydraulic system of a tower crane, and comprises a hydraulic pump 2; the outlet of the hydraulic pump 2 is communicated with a proportional relief valve 10 for adjusting the pressure of hydraulic oil, the output end of the proportional relief valve 10 is communicated with a pilot relief valve 5, the pilot relief valve 5 is connected with a main control valve 8 for transmitting signals, and the output end of the main control valve 8 is communicated with a jacking cylinder 9 through a hydraulic hose 7 to form an oil path with a piston rod extending and contracting. The hydraulic system also comprises an electric control module, a pressure sensor is arranged in the jacking cylinder 9, and the electric control module is connected with the pressure sensor and is connected with the pilot reducing valve 5 to transmit signals.
Wherein an oil path for extension of the piston rod includes: the hydraulic pump 2 works to adjust the pressure of hydraulic oil through the proportional overflow valve 10, then the hydraulic oil reaches the large cavity of the jacking cylinder 9 through the left position of the pilot pressure reducing valve 5 and the main control valve 8, and the oil return path is that the small cavity of the jacking cylinder 9 reaches the oil return box through the left position of the main control valve 8.
The oil passage for retraction of the piston rod includes: the hydraulic pump 2 works to enable hydraulic oil to reach a small cavity of the jacking cylinder 9 through the right position of the pilot reducing valve 5, the right position of the main control valve 8 and the left position of the hydraulic hose 7.
The hydraulic system also comprises an air filter 1 and a liquid level thermometer 4 which are arranged on the oil tank. The operating current of the pilot pressure reducing valve 5 was 380mA. In the present embodiment, the relationship between the output port pressure and the load pressure of the proportional relief valve 10 is: pa=pls+a, where Pa is the pressure of the output port of the proportional relief valve 10, pls is the load pressure, a is the working pressure, and a takes a value of 0.8 to 1MPa.
Example 2
In order to solve the pressure maintaining problem when the piston rod reaches the designated position, the embodiment separately describes two working conditions; comprises the working condition 1: when the tower crane starts to lift or level, the hydraulic system is started, and the proportional overflow valve 10 is adjusted according to the upper weight to calibrate the system pressure, so that the lifting supporting force of the oil cylinder provided by the system pressure meets the current upper weight requirement. When the jacking oil cylinder or the leveling oil cylinder jacked by the tower crane runs to a designated position, the main control valve 8 returns to the middle position; and a pressure sensor in the cavity of the jacking oil cylinder 9 detects the pressure of the system, and when the pressure of the oil cylinder is detected to be lower than a set value, a control module is used for reminding a driver of the position of the oil cylinder. The control module collects the signals and carries out logic judgment, if the feedback data of the conditions is lower than a set value, the control module sends out signals, 380mA current is output to the pilot proportional pressure reducing valve 5, the main control valve 8 enters an automatic pressure maintaining working condition, and only the flow for supplementing the leakage in the system is provided.
Working condition 2: when the jacking oil cylinder or the leveling oil cylinder jacked by the tower crane runs to a designated position, the main control valve returns to the middle position 8; the pressure sensor in the cavity of the jacking oil cylinder 9 detects the pressure of the system, and when the pressure of the oil cylinder is detected to meet a set value, the control module controls the input current of the pilot proportional pressure reducing valve 5 to be the current, and at the moment, the main valve returns to the middle position, and the system stands by; when the pressure in the cavity of the jacking cylinder 9 is smaller than a specified value, the control module controls the main control valve 8 to restart, and oil and pressure are automatically supplemented; after reaching the appointed value, the main pump main control valve 8 returns to enter the automatic pressure maintaining working condition again, and only the flow for supplementing the leakage in the system is provided.

Claims (8)

1. A hydraulic system applied to a tower crane, comprising a hydraulic pump (2); the method is characterized in that: the outlet of the hydraulic pump (2) is communicated with a proportional overflow valve (10) for adjusting the pressure of hydraulic oil, the output end of the proportional overflow valve (10) is communicated with a pilot pressure reducing valve (5), the pilot pressure reducing valve (5) is connected with a main control valve (8) for transmitting signals, and the output end of the main control valve (8) is communicated with a jacking cylinder (9) through a hydraulic hose (7) to form an oil path with a piston rod extending and contracting.
2. The hydraulic system for the tower crane according to claim 1, further comprising an electric control module, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged in the jacking cylinder (9), and the electric control module is connected with the pressure sensor and is connected with the pilot pressure reducing valve (5) to transmit signals.
3. The hydraulic system for a tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the oil path from which the piston rod extends comprises: the hydraulic pump (2) works to adjust the pressure of hydraulic oil through the proportional overflow valve (10), then the hydraulic oil passes through the pilot pressure reducing valve (5) and the main control valve (8) to reach the large cavity of the jacking oil cylinder (9) in the left position, and the oil return path is that the small cavity of the jacking oil cylinder (9) passes through the main control valve (8) to reach the oil return box in the left position.
4. A hydraulic system for a tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the oil path for retracting the piston rod comprises: the hydraulic pump (2) works to enable hydraulic oil to reach a small cavity of the jacking cylinder (9) through the right position of the pilot reducing valve (5), the right position of the main control valve (8) and the left position of the hydraulic hose (7).
5. The hydraulic system for the tower crane according to claim 4, further comprising an air filter (1) and a same-level liquid thermometer (4) which are arranged on the oil tank.
6. A hydraulic system for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating current of the pilot reducing valve (5) is 380mA.
7. The hydraulic system for a tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the output port pressure and the load pressure of the proportional relief valve (10) is: pa=pls+a, wherein Pa is the pressure of an oil outlet of the proportional relief valve (10), pls is the load pressure, a is the working pressure, and a takes a value of 0.8-1 MPa.
8. A control method of a hydraulic system applied to a tower crane according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1, when a tower crane needs to work, a hydraulic system starts to work, and the hydraulic oil pressure of hydraulic oil is regulated through a proportional overflow valve (10), so that a piston rod of a jacking cylinder (9) is ensured to move to a designated position:
step 2, detecting whether the pressure value in the jacking oil cylinder (9) reaches the pressure value range of the load or not through a pressure sensor, if so, keeping the pressure of the jacking oil cylinder (9), and if not, continuing to work after the oil supplementing and pressurizing of the jacking oil cylinder (9);
in the step 3 and the step 2, if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches the pressure value range of the load, the control module outputs 0mA current to the pilot reducing valve (5), and at the moment, the main control valve (8) returns to the middle position; if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor does not reach the pressure value range of the load, the control module outputs 380mA current to the pilot pressure reducing valve (5), and at the moment, the main control valve (8) supplements oil to the middle jacking oil cylinder (9) until reaching the pressure value range of the load, and then returns to the middle position.
CN202310631431.7A 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof Pending CN116517897A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310631431.7A CN116517897A (en) 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310631431.7A CN116517897A (en) 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116517897A true CN116517897A (en) 2023-08-01

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ID=87408365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310631431.7A Pending CN116517897A (en) 2023-05-31 2023-05-31 Hydraulic system applied to tower crane and control method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116517897A (en)

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