CN116515519B - Vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil - Google Patents
Vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN116515519B CN116515519B CN202310806100.2A CN202310806100A CN116515519B CN 116515519 B CN116515519 B CN 116515519B CN 202310806100 A CN202310806100 A CN 202310806100A CN 116515519 B CN116515519 B CN 116515519B
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- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 241000736911 Turritella communis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 29
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/06—Vacuum distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/12—Controlling or regulating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum distillation device for heavy oil refining, which relates to the technical field of heavy oil refining and comprises a mounting base, wherein the top end of the mounting base is connected with a vacuum pressure reducing tower shell, the top end of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell is provided with a top discharging pipe, one side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell is provided with a side discharging pipe, the other side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell is connected with a feeding bottom pipe, the liquid inlet end of the feeding bottom pipe is provided with a front-end feeding coiled pipe, and the bottom of the outer side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell is sleeved with a bottom heating sleeve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy oil refining, in particular to a vacuum distillation device for heavy oil refining.
Background
Vacuum distillation is a unit operation which is very common in petrochemical industry and pharmaceutical chemical industry, the vacuum operation can reduce the bubble point and dew point of materials to be operated in a tower, reduce the probability of producing impurities by chemical reaction of some materials, especially heat-sensitive materials, at high temperature, for example, the separation of ethylbenzene and styrene under normal pressure is easy to produce heavy component tar in a tower kettle, the impurities can be reduced by adopting vacuum distillation, the purity of the styrene is improved, and a vacuum distillation device is needed in the process of refining heavy oil;
however, in the use process of the current vacuum distillation device, due to the lack of a corresponding auxiliary heat-insulating structure, heat dissipated from the inside of the vacuum distillation device can be diffused into the outside air at will, so that waste of heat energy in the operation process of the vacuum distillation device is caused, meanwhile, due to the random dissipation of the heat energy in the inside of the vacuum distillation device, the gradient of heat distribution in the inside of the vacuum distillation device is uneven, and a phenomenon that distilled products are mixed in a large amount is caused, so that the use convenience of the vacuum distillation device is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil, which can effectively solve the problems that in the use process of the vacuum distillation device, due to the lack of a corresponding auxiliary heat-insulating structure, heat dissipated from the inside of the vacuum distillation device can be randomly diffused into the outside air, so that the waste of heat energy in the operation process of the vacuum distillation device is caused, and meanwhile, due to the random dissipation of the heat energy in the inside of the vacuum distillation device, the gradient of heat distribution in the inside of the vacuum distillation device is uneven, so that a great amount of mixing phenomenon of distillation products is caused, and the use convenience of the vacuum distillation device is further reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil comprises a mounting base, wherein the top end of the mounting base is connected with a vacuum tower shell, a top discharge pipe is arranged at the top end of the vacuum tower shell, a side discharge pipe is arranged at one side of the vacuum tower shell, and a feeding bottom pipe is connected at the other side of the vacuum tower shell;
the outside of the vacuum tower shell is provided with an external multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism which is used for absorbing heat overflowed when the heavy oil is subjected to vacuum distillation through the vacuum tower and absorbing and transferring heat at other positions in the heavy oil distillation system through a plurality of auxiliary airflow circulation structures;
the external multidirectional temperature circulation mechanism comprises a front-end feeding coiled pipe;
the liquid inlet end of the feeding bottom pipe is provided with a front-end feeding coiled pipe, the bottom of the outer side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell is sleeved with a bottom heating sleeve, the inner side of the bottom heating sleeve is provided with a bottom partition plate, and the bottom of the bottom partition plate is provided with a bottom transfer pump;
the top of the bottom heating sleeve box is connected with an arc liquid guide flat box, an upper-layer arc separation plate is arranged on the inner side of the arc liquid guide flat box, the outer cambered surface of the upper-layer arc separation plate is connected with a heat conduction side bar, and the top of the bottom heating sleeve box is provided with a filling arc heat insulation plate;
The heat exchange flat box is covered outside the front-end feeding coiled pipe, a protection flat net is clamped at the top end of the heat exchange flat box, a heat conducting fan is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange flat box, a heat conducting bottom pipe is connected to the bottom end of the heat conducting fan, a heating annular air box is connected to the tail end of the heat conducting bottom pipe, a heat conducting small column is connected to the inner side surface of the heating annular air box, and an outer heat conducting arc-shaped box is connected to the top of the heating annular air box;
the installation inner strip is installed on the outer side of the outer side heat conduction arc-shaped box, the side face of the installation inner strip is connected with heat absorption magnetic plates, the top end and the bottom end of each heat absorption magnetic plate are jointly covered with an elastic sealing top cover, and the side face of the installation inner strip is provided with a gas guide side hole.
According to the technical scheme, the transfer bottom pump is powered by an external power supply, the heat conduction fan is powered by the external power supply, and the four heat absorption magnetic plates and the two elastic sealing top covers form a narrow and long box-shaped structure together;
the inner side of the top end of the outer heat conduction arc-shaped box is fixedly connected with an air guide top box through a pipeline, an exhaust valve port is fixedly connected to a position between the side surfaces of the corresponding installation inner strips on one side of the air guide top box, and the bottom of the inner side of the outer heat conduction arc-shaped box is fixedly connected with a bottom air inlet box.
According to the technical scheme, the bottom heating sleeve is divided into two independent annular spaces through the bottom partition plate, and cavities at two sides of the bottom partition plate are communicated with each other through the transfer bottom pump;
the arc liquid guide flat box is characterized in that the cavity inside the arc liquid guide flat box is communicated with the cavity inside the bottom heating sleeve box, the bottom end of the upper partition arc plate is aligned with the top end of the bottom partition plate, a gap is reserved between the top end of the upper partition arc plate and the top surface inside the arc liquid guide flat box, and heat conducting oil is filled inside the bottom heating sleeve box and the arc liquid guide flat box together.
According to the technical scheme, the end faces between the arc liquid guide flat box and the filling arc heat-insulating plate are identical in shape, the arc liquid guide flat box is not intersected with the side material discharging pipe and the feeding bottom pipe outside the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell, and the positions outside the filling arc heat-insulating plate, corresponding to the side material discharging pipe and the feeding bottom pipe, are all penetrated and provided with mounting holes.
According to the technical scheme, closely slide the laminating between the inboard arc surface of heating annular wind box and the bottom heating sleeve outside face, four the heat absorption magnetic plate is a set of, and four heat absorption magnetic plate side pass through flexible adhesive tape end to end and constitute tubular structure, outside heat conduction arc box inner chamber communicates each other between the inner chamber that constitutes through air guide side hole and heat absorption magnetic plate, adjacent two attract each other between the heat absorption magnetic plate, through bottom inlet box intercommunication between heating annular wind box inner chamber and the outside heat conduction arc box inner chamber.
According to the technical scheme, the three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism is arranged in the vacuum tower shell and is used for guiding and layering raw materials in the vacuum tower shell, so that substances with different boiling points can be mutually separated and re-liquefied, and the temperatures of different heights in the vacuum tower shell are actively regulated through external auxiliary heat supply, so that the normal operation of heavy oil fractionation in the vacuum tower shell is ensured;
the three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism comprises a mounting top frame;
the top of the inner side of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell is fixedly provided with a mounting top frame, the position of the inner side of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell corresponding to the side surface discharge pipe side surface is uniformly and fixedly connected with a separation interception box in equal distance, the position of the inner side of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell corresponding to the top of the separation interception box is uniformly and fixedly connected with a segmented collection box, the edge of the segmented collection box uniformly penetrates through the discharge side groove in equal distance along the circumferential direction, and the position of the edge of the segmented collection box corresponding to one side of the discharge side groove uniformly penetrates through the discharge inner hole in equal distance along the circular direction;
the middle part of the top end of the installation top frame is fixedly provided with a rotating motor, the rotating motor is powered by an external power supply, the bottom end of an output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected with a driving vertical shaft at the position corresponding to the bottom of the installation top frame, and the outside of the driving vertical shaft is fixedly provided with a guide cover at equal intervals at the positions corresponding to the top parts of the separation interception box and the segmented collection box;
The bottom of each of the separation interception box and the bottom of the segmented collection box are fixedly provided with heat conduction flat boxes, one side of each of the separation interception boxes is fixedly connected with a circulation calandria, the other side of each of the separation interception boxes is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet conduit, the tail ends of the three liquid inlet conduits are commonly connected with a circulation pump through pipelines, the circulation pump is powered by an external power supply, one end of the circulation pump is fixedly connected with an external heating barrel through a pipeline at a position corresponding to one side of the outer part of the vacuum tower shell, and the tail ends of the three circulation calandrias are commonly communicated with the external heating barrel through pipelines;
the middle part of one side of the external heating barrel is embedded with a mounting side plate, and the middle part of one side of the mounting side plate is embedded with a heating side rod corresponding to the internal position of the external heating barrel;
the side discharging pipe ends are fixedly connected with discharging pipes, a square guide cover is arranged on the outer side of each discharging pipe, a protection bottom net is embedded and arranged at the bottom of each square guide cover, a circulating fan is embedded and arranged in the middle of one side of each square guide cover, the circulating fan is powered by an external power supply, and a heating dome is fixedly intercepted at the position of the end of each circulating fan corresponding to the outer side of each external heating barrel through a pipeline.
According to the technical scheme, the two segmented collecting boxes and the one separated intercepting box are a group, the side edges of the bottom surfaces of the separated intercepting boxes are flush with the inner walls of the side discharging pipes at the corresponding positions, the separated intercepting boxes and the segmented collecting boxes are staggered with the guide cover, and the inner cavities of the guide cover are in a conical structure with the upper part smaller than the lower part larger than the lower part.
According to the technical scheme, the heat conduction flat box and the end part of the discharging inner hole are staggered, the heat conduction flat box can not completely shield the discharging side groove, the inner cambered surface of the heating dome is tightly and slidably attached to the outer side of the external heating barrel, and the top surface of the heating dome is provided with the exhaust port.
According to the technical scheme, the top of the vacuum tower shell is provided with the top isolation protection mechanism, which is used for collecting rainwater at the top of the vacuum tower shell during rainfall and intercepting and discharging impurities in the rainwater so as to clean the outer side of the vacuum tower shell through the collected water;
the top isolation protection mechanism comprises a collection top cover;
the utility model discloses a vacuum decompression tower, including vacuum decompression tower casing, top row material pipe top outside position department fixed sleeve has collected the top cap, collect top cap top side joint has the filter cone net, collect top cap outside bottom along circumferencial direction equidistance fixedly connected with collection side pipe, collect side pipe end and correspond and collect top cap top outside position department fixedly connected with liquid storage ring box, liquid storage ring box bottom side fixedly connected with installation arc board along circumferencial direction, installation arc board side middle part fixedly connected with installation arc pipe, installation arc pipe end bottom fixedly connected with washes the micropump, it supplies power through external power source to wash the micropump, the equal symmetry fixed mounting in micropump bottom surface bottom has the installation cantilever plate, installation cantilever plate one side fixedly connected with swing motor, the swing motor supplies power through external power source, it has the flexible pipe to wash micropump bottom middle part fixedly connected with, the flexible pipe end corresponds installation cantilever plate bottom position department fixedly connected with swing end box, swing end box bottom middle part fixedly connected with cone head.
According to the technical scheme, closely laminate between the inboard cambered surface of stock solution ring box and the vacuum tower casing top cambered surface, intercommunication each other between flexible pipe, swing end box and the shower cone head inner chamber, swing end box and the installation swing between the cantilever plate, and swing motor output shaft tip and swing end box between fixed connection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has scientific and reasonable structure and safe and convenient use:
1. the heat conduction device has the advantages that the external multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism is arranged, the process of regulating the internal temperature distribution of the vacuum tower shell is optimized through the mutual coordination among all components in the external multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism, the heat conducting fan is matched with the heat exchange flat box and the heating annular air box to collect and transport heat generated by the overflow of the front-end feeding serpentine pipe, and further, the circulating hot air is used for carrying out auxiliary circulation on the heat conducting oil in the bottom heating sleeve box and the arc-shaped heat conducting flat box, meanwhile, the heat energy in sunlight irradiated to the outer side of the vacuum distillation device can be collected and utilized in sunny days through the deformable expanded heat absorption magnetic plate and the elastic sealing top cover, the heat conducting oil outside the arc-shaped heat conducting flat box is assisted by the collected heat energy, the phenomenon that the temperature of the heat conducting oil in the arc-shaped heat conducting flat box is greatly reduced in the circulation process is effectively prevented, the temperature difference inside the vacuum tower shell is effectively reduced, the internal temperature gradient of the vacuum tower shell is ensured, the products inside the vacuum tower shell can be different in the thermal stability and the normal operation of the vacuum tower is improved;
Meanwhile, the heat source of the bottom heating sleeve box is mainly overflowed by the vacuum distillation device system, so that the temperature of heat conduction oil in the bottom heating sleeve box is always lower than the temperature in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell at the same height, meanwhile, the heat conduction oil in the bottom heating sleeve box and the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box can be designed to be in an internal and external circulation mode, the heat conduction oil in the upper-layer partition arc plate in the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box can be driven to circularly flow from top to bottom and from bottom to top by controlling the forward and backward rotation of the transfer bottom pump, when the temperature in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell fluctuates, the heat conduction oil in the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box is controlled to flow up and down, and then the temperature distribution condition in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell is actively and externally disturbed and adjusted by the flow of the heat conduction oil, so that the temperature distribution belt in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell is always in a dynamic balance state, the target product can be liquefied and separated out in the target height, and the working efficiency of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell is effectively improved.
2. The three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism is arranged, the process of separating and separating out products in the vacuum tower shell is optimized through the mutual matching among all components in the three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism, and the diversion structure is formed by the separation interception box, the sectional collection box and the diversion cover, so that mixed heavy oil steam can stay for enough time in different height ranges in the rising process, the separating out efficiency of different products is effectively improved, meanwhile, the diversion cover is driven to actively rotate through the rotating motor and the driving vertical shaft, and corresponding product liquid drops condensed outside the diversion cover can be rapidly separated under the action of centrifugal force, so that the separating out efficiency of the products in the vacuum distillation device is effectively improved;
Meanwhile, heat dissipated by the inside of the discharge guide pipe can be collected through the circulating fan, heating oil in the external heating barrel is assisted by the heating dome, high-temperature heat conduction oil in the external heating barrel is driven by the circulating pump to circulate inside and outside the vacuum tower shell through the heat conduction flat box, and then the heat conduction flat box is used for assisting in separating the intercepting box from the segmented collecting box, so that upper products attached to the outer sides of the separating intercepting box and the segmented collecting box are changed into gaseous state again to continue to rise, different products are effectively prevented from being mixed and discharged, and purity of products of the vacuum distillation device is improved.
3. The top isolation protection mechanism is arranged, the peripheral protection cleaning process of the vacuum tower shell is effectively optimized through the mutual matching among all components in the top isolation protection mechanism, the top of the vacuum tower shell can be protected through the collecting top cover, the pollution caused by the fact that rainwater carrying dust is directly adhered to the outer side of the vacuum distillation is effectively prevented, the external pollution of the vacuum tower shell is effectively reduced, and the vacuum tower shell can be kept clean after being used for a long time;
Simultaneously through washing the mutually supporting between little pump and the swing motor, the usable liquid storage ring box erodees vacuum distillation device peripheral dirt that has then realized adsorbing, and then guaranteed that vacuum distillation device shell is peripheral can keep clean for a long time, the high-pressure rivers that spray through spraying the conical head and go out can clear up the heat absorption magnetic plate outside fast simultaneously, and then the effectual cleanliness in the heat absorption magnetic plate outside that has improved, make the heat absorption magnetic plate can remain good heat absorption performance all the time, and then the effectual performance that improves vacuum distillation device.
In summary, through the mutual cooperation between inside each subassembly of outside diversified temperature circulation mechanism, three-dimensional segmentation heat preservation mechanism and top isolation protection mechanism, the regulation process of inside temperature in the vacuum distillation plant use has been optimized, through the mutual cooperation between inside each subassembly of bottom heating sleeve box and arc liquid guide flat box, the inside temperature zone distribution condition of vacuum distillation column casing has effectually been improved, and through outside heating barrel and heat conduction flat box initiative to the inside separation interception box of vacuum distillation column casing and the segmentation is collected the box and assist the heat, and then effectually prevent the inside phenomenon that appears the product mixing of vacuum distillation column casing, and then effectually improved the fractionation effect of vacuum distillation plant, and then through the inside temperature of control vacuum distillation column casing, the effectual operation process that improves vacuum distillation plant, the operation process of vacuum distillation plant has been optimized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the inside of the vacuum tower shell of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the installation of the filled arc insulation panel of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the external multi-azimuth temperature cycling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the front end feed serpentine installation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom inlet box installation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the thermally conductive post mounting of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional segmented thermal insulation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the drive shaft installation of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the installation of the outboard thermally conductive arced box of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the top isolation guard mechanism of the present invention;
reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a mounting base; 2. a vacuum pressure reducing tower housing; 3. a top discharge tube; 4. a side discharge pipe; 5. a feed bottom tube;
6. an external multidirectional temperature circulation mechanism; 601. a front end feeding coiled pipe; 602. a bottom heating sleeve; 603. a bottom partition; 604. a transfer bottom pump; 605. arc liquid guide flat box; 606. an upper layer arc separating plate; 607. a thermally conductive side bar; 608. filling an arc-shaped heat-insulating plate; 609. a heat exchange flat box; 610. a protective flat net; 611. a heat conduction fan; 612. a heat conducting bottom tube; 613. heating the annular wind box; 614. a thermally conductive pillar; 615. an outer heat conduction arc box; 616. installing an inner strip; 617. a heat absorbing magnetic plate; 618. an elastic seal cap; 619. an air guide side hole; 620. an air guide top box; 621. an exhaust valve port; 622. a bottom air inlet box;
7. A three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism; 701. installing a top frame; 702. separating the interception boxes; 703. a segmented collection box; 704. a discharge edge groove; 705. discharging an inner hole; 706. a rotating motor; 707. driving a vertical shaft; 708. a guide cover; 709. a heat conduction flat box; 710. a circulation calandria; 711. a liquid inlet conduit; 712. a circulation pump; 713. an external heating barrel; 714. installing a side plate; 715. heating the side rod; 716. a discharge conduit; 717. a square diversion cover; 718. a protective bottom net; 719. a circulating fan; 720. heating the dome;
8. a top isolation protection mechanism; 801. collecting a top cover; 802. a filter cone net; 803. collecting side pipes; 804. a liquid storage ring box; 805. installing an arc plate; 806. installing an arc tube; 807. flushing a small pump; 808. installing a suspension plate; 809. a swing motor; 810. an elastic telescopic tube; 811. swinging the bottom box; 812. and spraying the cone head.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1-11, the invention provides a technical scheme, a vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil, which comprises a mounting base 1, wherein the middle part of the top end of the mounting base 1 is fixedly connected with a vacuum tower shell 2, the middle part of the top end of the vacuum tower shell 2 is fixedly provided with a top discharge pipe 3, the middle part of one side of the vacuum tower shell 2 is uniformly and fixedly provided with a side discharge pipe 4 at equal intervals, and the bottom of the other side of the vacuum tower shell 2 is fixedly connected with a feeding bottom pipe 5;
The outside of the vacuum tower shell 2 is provided with an external multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism 6 which is used for absorbing heat overflowed when the heavy oil is subjected to vacuum distillation through the vacuum tower, and absorbing and transferring the heat at other positions in the heavy oil distillation system through a plurality of auxiliary airflow circulation structures so as to improve the heat circulation mode in the distillation device;
the external multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism 6 comprises a front-end feeding serpentine 601, a bottom heating sleeve 602, a bottom partition 603, a transfer bottom pump 604, an arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605, an upper partition arc plate 606, a heat conduction side bar 607, a filling arc-shaped heat insulation plate 608, a heat exchange flat box 609, a protection flat net 610, a heat conduction fan 611, a heat conduction bottom pipe 612, a heating annular air box 613, a heat conduction small column 614, an outer heat conduction arc box 615, a mounting inner bar 616, a heat absorption magnetic plate 617, an elastic sealing top cover 618, an air guide side hole 619, an air guide top box 620, an exhaust valve port 621 and a bottom air inlet box 622;
the liquid inlet end of the feeding bottom pipe 5 is fixedly provided with a front-end feeding coiled pipe 601, the bottom of the outer side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell 2 is sleeved with a bottom heating sleeve 602 at a position corresponding to the top end of the mounting base 1, a bottom partition plate 603 is embedded and mounted in the middle of the inner side of the bottom heating sleeve 602, a transfer bottom pump 604 is embedded and mounted at the position corresponding to the inner side of the bottom heating sleeve 602 at the bottom of the bottom partition plate 603 along the circumferential direction, and the transfer bottom pump 604 is powered by an external power supply;
The top of the bottom heating sleeve box 602 is uniformly and fixedly connected with an arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605 corresponding to the circumferential direction of the outer side of the vacuum tower shell 2, an upper-layer partition arc plate 606 is embedded and arranged in the middle of the inner side of the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605, the bottom heating sleeve box 602 is partitioned into two independent annular spaces through a bottom partition plate 603, and cavities at two sides of the bottom partition plate 603 are mutually communicated through a transfer bottom pump 604;
the inner cavity of the arc liquid guide flat box 605 is communicated with the inner cavity of the bottom heating sleeve 602, the bottom ends of the upper-layer separation arc plates 606 are aligned with the top ends of the bottom separation plates 603, a gap is reserved between the top ends of the upper-layer separation arc plates 606 and the top surface of the inner side of the arc liquid guide flat box 605, and heat conducting oil is filled in the bottom heating sleeve 602 and the arc liquid guide flat box 605 together;
the heat conduction side strips 607 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer cambered surface of the upper separation arc plate 606 at equal intervals, a filling arc-shaped heat preservation plate 608 is fixedly arranged at the position corresponding to the side surface of the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605 at the top of the bottom heating sleeve 602, the shape of the end surface between the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605 and the filling arc-shaped heat preservation plate 608 is the same, the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605 is not intersected with the side surface discharge pipe 4 and the feeding bottom pipe 5 at the outer side of the vacuum decompression tower shell 2, and the positions corresponding to the outer side surface discharge pipe 4 and the outer side of the feeding bottom pipe 5 at the outer side of the filling arc-shaped heat preservation plate 608 are respectively provided with a mounting hole in a penetrating manner;
The heat exchange flat box 609 is coated on the outer side of the front end feeding coiled pipe 601, the protection flat net 610 is clamped on the top end of the heat exchange flat box 609, the heat conduction fan 611 is embedded and installed in the middle of the bottom end of the heat exchange flat box 609, the heat conduction fan 611 is powered by an external power supply, the heat conduction bottom pipe 612 is fixedly connected with the middle of the bottom end of the heat conduction fan 611, the heating annular wind box 613 is fixedly connected with the position of the tail end of the heat conduction bottom pipe 612, which corresponds to the outer side of the bottom heating sleeve 602, the heat conduction pillars 614 are uniformly and fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the heating annular wind box 613 along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the outer side heat conduction arc box 615 is fixedly connected with the position of the top of the heating annular wind box 613, which corresponds to the outer side of the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605;
the outer side of the outer side heat conduction arc box 615 is embedded and installed with an inner installation strip 616 along the arc equidistance, the side surface of the inner installation strip 616 is connected with heat absorption magnetic plates 617 at equal intervals through flexible sealing rubber strips, the top ends and the bottom ends of the four heat absorption magnetic plates 617 are covered with elastic sealing top covers 618 together, the four heat absorption magnetic plates 617 and the two elastic sealing top covers 618 form a narrow and long box-shaped structure together, the middle part of the side surface of the inner installation strip 616 is evenly penetrated and provided with air guide side holes 619 at equal intervals, the inner side of the top end of the outer side heat conduction arc box 615 is fixedly connected with an air guide top box 620 through a pipeline, the position between one side of the air guide top box 620 and the corresponding side surface of the inner installation strip 616 is fixedly connected with an exhaust valve port 621, the bottom air inlet box 622 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner side bottom of the outer side heat conduction arc surface of the outer side heat conduction arc box 613 and the outer side surface of the bottom heating sleeve 602 are tightly and slidingly attached, the four heat absorption magnetic plates 617 are in a group, the side surfaces of the four heat absorption magnetic plates 617 are connected end to end through flexible rubber strips to form a tubular structure, the inner cavities of the outer heat conduction arc-shaped boxes 615 are communicated with the inner cavities formed by the heat absorption magnetic plates 617 through the air guide side holes 619, the adjacent two heat absorption magnetic plates 617 are attracted to each other, the inner cavities of the heating annular air boxes 613 and the inner cavities of the outer heat conduction arc-shaped boxes 615 are communicated with each other through the bottom air inlet boxes 622, the process of regulating the temperature distribution inside the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is optimized through the mutual matching of the components inside the outer multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism 6, the heat generated by the overflow of the front-end feeding serpentine 601 is collected and transported through the heat conduction fans 611, the heat conduction oil inside the bottom heating sleeve 602 and the arc-shaped liquid guide flat boxes 605 is further circulated in an auxiliary mode through circulated hot air flow, meanwhile, the heat energy in sunlight irradiated to the outer side of the vacuum distillation device can be collected and utilized in sunny weather through the deformable expanded heat absorption magnetic plate 617 and the elastic sealing top cover 618, and the heat conduction oil outside the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box 605 is assisted by the collected heat energy, so that the phenomenon that the temperature of the heat conduction oil inside the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box 605 is greatly reduced in the circulation process is effectively prevented, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the vacuum tower shell 2 is effectively reduced through the assisted heat of the heat conduction oil outside the vacuum tower shell 2, the heat loss rate inside the vacuum tower shell 2 is effectively reduced, the stability of the temperature gradient inside the vacuum tower shell 2 is ensured, products inside the vacuum tower shell 2 can be normally liquefied and separated out in different temperature zones, and the operation stability of the vacuum tower shell 2 is improved;
Meanwhile, as the heat source of the bottom heating sleeve box 602 is mainly overflowed by the vacuum distillation device system, the temperature of the heat conduction oil in the bottom heating sleeve box 602 is always lower than the temperature in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 at the same height, meanwhile, the heat conduction oil in the bottom heating sleeve box 602 and the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box 605 can be designed to be circulated internally and externally, the heat conduction oil in the upper layer of the partition arc plate 606 in the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box 605 can be driven to circularly flow from top to bottom and from bottom to top by controlling the forward and backward rotation of the transfer bottom pump 604, when the temperature in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 fluctuates, the heat conduction oil in the arc-shaped liquid conduction flat box 605 is controlled to flow up and down, and the temperature distribution condition in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is actively and externally disturbed and adjusted by the flow of the heat conduction oil, so that the temperature distribution belt in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is always in a dynamic balance state, the target product can be liquefied and separated out in the target height is ensured, and the working efficiency of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is effectively improved;
the inside of the vacuum tower casing 2 is provided with a three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism 7 which is used for guiding and layering raw materials in the vacuum tower casing 2, so that substances with different boiling points can be mutually separated and re-liquefied, and the temperatures of different heights in the vacuum tower casing 2 are actively regulated through external auxiliary heat supply so as to ensure the normal running of heavy oil fractionation in the vacuum tower casing 2;
The three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism 7 comprises a mounting top frame 701, a separation interception box 702, a sectional collection box 703, a discharge edge groove 704, a discharge inner hole 705, a rotating motor 706, a driving vertical shaft 707, a flow guide cover 708, a heat conduction flat box 709, a circulation calandria 710, a liquid inlet conduit 711, a circulation pump 712, an external heating barrel 713, a mounting side plate 714, a heating side rod 715, a discharge conduit 716, a flow guide square cover 717, a protection bottom net 718, a circulation fan 719 and a heating round cover 720;
the top of the inner side of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is fixedly provided with a mounting top frame 701, the side positions of the side discharge pipes 4 corresponding to the inner side of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 are uniformly and fixedly connected with separation interception boxes 702 at equal intervals, the top positions of the separation interception boxes 702 corresponding to the inner side of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 are uniformly and fixedly connected with segmented collection boxes 703 at equal intervals, the edges of the segmented collection boxes 703 uniformly penetrate through discharge side grooves 704 along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and discharge inner holes 705 are uniformly and fixedly penetrated through the positions of the edges of the segmented collection boxes 703 corresponding to one side of the discharge side grooves 704 along the circular direction at equal intervals;
a rotating motor 706 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top end of the mounting top frame 701, the rotating motor 706 is powered by an external power supply, a driving vertical shaft 707 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of an output shaft of the rotating motor 706 at the position corresponding to the bottom of the mounting top frame 701, a guide cover 708 is fixedly arranged at the position corresponding to the tops of the separation interception box 702 and the segmentation collection box 703 outside the driving vertical shaft 707 at equal intervals, the two segmentation collection boxes 703 and one separation interception box 702 are in a group, the edges of the bottom surfaces of the separation interception boxes 702 are flush with the inner wall of the side discharge pipe 4 at the corresponding position, the separation interception boxes 702 and the segmentation collection boxes 703 are staggered with the guide cover 708, and the inner cavity of the guide cover 708 is in a conical structure with the upper part small and the lower part large;
The bottoms of the separation interception box 702 and the segmented collection box 703 are fixedly provided with heat conduction flat boxes 709, one side of the separation interception box 702 is fixedly connected with a circulation calandria 710, the other side of the separation interception box 702 is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet conduit 711, the tail ends of the three liquid inlet conduits 711 are commonly connected with a circulating pump 712 through a pipeline, the circulating pump 712 is powered by an external power supply, one end of the circulating pump 712 is fixedly connected with an external heating barrel 713 through a pipeline at a position corresponding to one side of the outside of the vacuum decompression tower shell 2, and the tail ends of the three circulation calandrias 710 are commonly communicated with the external heating barrel 713 through a pipeline;
a mounting side plate 714 is embedded in the middle of one side of the external heating barrel 713, and a heating side rod 715 is embedded in the middle of one side of the mounting side plate 714 at a position corresponding to the inner position of the external heating barrel 713;
the ends of the side discharging pipes 4 are fixedly connected with discharging pipes 716, a square guide cover 717 is arranged on the outer side of the discharging pipes 716, a protection bottom net 718 is embedded and arranged at the bottom of the square guide cover 717, a circulating fan 719 is embedded and arranged in the middle of one side of the square guide cover 717, the circulating fan 719 is powered by an external power supply, a heating round cover 720 is fixedly intercepted by a pipeline at the position of the end part of the circulating fan 719 corresponding to the outer side of the external heating barrel 713, the ends of the heat conducting flat box 709 and the discharging inner hole 705 are staggered, the heat conducting flat box 709 can not completely shield the discharging side groove 704, the inner cambered surface of the heating round cover 720 is tightly and slidingly attached to the outer side of the external heating barrel 713, an exhaust port is arranged on the top surface of the heating round cover 720, the inner side of the three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism 7 is matched with each other, the separation and precipitation process of products in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is optimized, and the separation and precipitation process of the mixed heavy oil steam can stay in different height ranges for enough time by separating and intercepting the box 702 and the diversion cover 708, and the separation efficiency of the mixed heavy oil steam can be effectively improved in a high range in a lifting process, meanwhile, the centrifugal device can be driven by the rotation of the vertical motor 706 and the diversion cover is driven by the vertical shaft to separate out of the products in the corresponding vacuum distillation device 708, and the condensation efficiency can be effectively separated out in the inner side of the vacuum device is further improved;
Meanwhile, the heat dissipated by the inside of the discharge guide pipe 716 can be collected through the circulating fan 719, heating oil in the external heating barrel 713 is assisted by the heating round cover 720, meanwhile, high-temperature heat conduction oil in the external heating barrel 713 is driven by the circulating pump 712 to circulate inside and outside the vacuum decompression tower shell 2 through the heat conduction flat box 709, and further, the separation interception box 702 and the sectional collection box 703 are assisted by the heat conduction flat box 709, so that upper products attached to the outer sides of the separation interception box 702 and the sectional collection box 703 are changed into gas again to continuously rise, different products are effectively prevented from being mixed together and discharged, and the purity of the vacuum distillation device product is improved;
the top of the vacuum tower casing 2 is provided with a top isolation protection mechanism 8 which is used for collecting rainwater at the top of the vacuum tower casing 2 during rainfall and intercepting and discharging impurities in the rainwater so as to clean the outer side of the vacuum tower casing 2 through the collected water;
the top isolation protection mechanism 8 comprises a collection top cover 801, a filtering cone net 802, a collection side pipe 803, a liquid storage ring box 804, a mounting arc plate 805, a mounting arc pipe 806, a small flushing pump 807, a mounting suspension plate 808, a swinging motor 809, an elastic telescopic pipe 810, a swinging bottom box 811 and a spraying cone head 812;
A collecting top cover 801 is fixedly sleeved at a position corresponding to the outer side of the top discharging pipe 3 at the top of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell 2, a filtering cone net 802 is clamped at the edge of the top of the collecting top cover 801, collecting side pipes 803 are fixedly connected at the bottom of the outer side of the collecting top cover 801 along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, a liquid storage ring box 804 is fixedly connected at the tail end of the collecting side pipes 803 corresponding to the position corresponding to the outer side of the top of the collecting top cover 801, an installation arc plate 805 is fixedly connected at the bottom of the liquid storage ring box 804 along the circumferential direction, an installation arc pipe 806 is fixedly connected at the middle of the side surface of the installation arc plate 805, a small flushing pump 807 is fixedly connected at the bottom of the installation arc pipe 806, an installation hanging plate 808 is symmetrically and fixedly connected at the two ends of the bottom of the small flushing pump 807 through an external power supply, a swinging motor 809 is fixedly connected at one side of the installation hanging plate 808, the swinging motor 809 is powered through the external power supply, the middle part of the bottom end of the small flushing pump 807 is fixedly connected with an elastic telescopic pipe 810, the end of the elastic telescopic pipe 810 is fixedly connected with a swinging bottom box 811 at the position corresponding to the bottom part of a mounting suspension plate 808, the middle part of the bottom end of the swinging bottom box 811 is fixedly connected with a spraying cone 812, the inner cambered surface of the liquid storage ring box 804 is tightly attached to the top cambered surface of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2, the elastic telescopic pipe 810, the swinging bottom box 811 and the inner cavities of the spraying cone 812 are mutually communicated, the swinging bottom box 811 is movably connected with the mounting suspension plate 808, the end part of an output shaft of the swinging motor 809 is fixedly connected with the swinging bottom box 811, the top isolation protection mechanism 8 is used for effectively optimizing the protection cleaning process of the periphery of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 by the top cover 801, the pollution caused by the direct adhesion of dust carried by rain water in precipitation weather to the outside of vacuum distillation is effectively prevented, the external pollution of the vacuum tower shell 2 is effectively reduced, so that the vacuum tower shell 2 can be kept clean after long-time use;
Simultaneously through the mutual cooperation between flushing small pump 807 and swing motor 809, available liquid storage ring box 804 erodees vacuum distillation device outlying dirt to be adsorbed to and erode, and then guaranteed that vacuum distillation device outlying can keep clean for a long time in vacuum distillation device housing 2 outlying, the high-pressure rivers that spray through spraying cone 812 can clear up the heat absorption magnetic plate 617 outside fast simultaneously, and then effectually improved the cleanliness in heat absorption magnetic plate 617 outside, make heat absorption magnetic plate 617 can remain good heat-absorbing performance all the time, and then effectually improved vacuum distillation device's performance.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows: in the use process of the vacuum distillation device, heavy oil to be introduced into the vacuum tower shell 2 is required to be heated through a heating device, heated heat conduction oil is introduced into a feed bottom pipe 5 through a front-end feed coiled pipe 601, then enters the bottom of the inner side of the vacuum tower shell 2 through the feed bottom pipe 5, when high-temperature heavy oil enters the vacuum tower shell 2, the heavy oil is rapidly evaporated and naturally rises along the inner wall of the vacuum tower shell 2 under the influence of the low-pressure environment in the vacuum tower shell 2, and the temperature of mixed steam is continuously reduced in the rising process, so that components with different boiling points are naturally liquefied and separated out at different heights, and the distillation treatment of the heavy oil is realized;
When heavy oil is fractionated by a vacuum distillation device, the heat in the vacuum tower shell 2 needs to be regulated, when the outside of the vacuum tower shell 2 needs to be assisted, a heat conduction fan 611 is started to suck the air flow in the heat exchange flat box 609, impurities in the air flow entering the inside of the heat exchange flat box 609 are filtered and intercepted by a protection flat net 610, in the process that the air flow flows through the inside of the heat exchange flat box 609, the heat dissipated by the front-end feeding coiled pipe 601 is absorbed by circulating air flow, the hot air is transported by a heat conduction bottom pipe 612, the hot air is guided into the inside of a heating annular air box 613 by the heat conduction bottom pipe 612, in the process that the hot air flows through the inside of the heating annular air box 613, the heat in the hot air is absorbed by a heat conduction small column 614 and transferred to the inside of the bottom heating annular air box 602, and the heat conduction oil in the inside of the bottom heating annular air box 613 is heated by the hot air flow, and the heat conduction oil on two sides of a bottom partition 603 is circulated by a transfer bottom pump 604, so that the heat conduction oil can flow along the bottom heating box 602 and the heat conduction liquid is dissipated inside the bottom heating box 613, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the vacuum tower shell 2 is improved, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the vacuum tower shell 2 is reduced;
Meanwhile, when the illumination heat irradiated to the outside of the vacuum distillation device is absorbed and utilized, after the hot air flow passes through the inside of the heating annular air box 613, the air flow in the inside of the heating annular air box 613 is guided into the inside of the outer heat conduction arc box 615 through the bottom air inlet box 622, the air displacement at the top of the outer heat conduction arc box 615 is regulated through the air conduction top box 620, the air flow in the inside of the air conduction top box 620 is guided and discharged through the air outlet valve 621, when the air inflow in the inside of the outer heat conduction arc box 615 is larger than the air outflow, the air pressure in the inside of the outer heat conduction arc box 615 is continuously increased, the air flow in the inside of the outer heat conduction arc box 615 is guided through the air conduction side holes 619 to pass through the installation inner strip 616, and then the air flow is guided into the inside of a cavity formed by the heat absorption magnetic plate 617 and the elastic sealing top cover 618 through the air conduction side holes 619, the air pressure in the cavity is increased, the heat absorption magnetic plates 617 are mutually separated, the heat absorption magnetic plates 617 are changed into a three-dimensional structure from a flat structure, when the sunlight irradiates the outside of the heat absorption magnetic plates 617, the heat in the inside of the sunlight is absorbed through the magnetic plates 617, the heat in the air flow is transferred into the inside of the flat heat absorption magnetic plate 605, and the heat is circulated through the heat absorption liquid, and the inside of the heat absorption magnetic plate 605 is circulated inside the heat absorption liquid, and the heat absorption is circulated inside the heat absorption magnetic box;
Meanwhile, the air flow sprayed through the exhaust valve port 621 continuously blows the side gap of the mounting inner strip 616 to prevent the outside dust from accumulating outside the heat absorption magnetic plate 617, and when the temperature inside the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 rises to cause the overhigh temperature of the upper layer of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 to influence the normal liquefaction and precipitation of products, the transfer bottom pump 604 is started to reversely rotate, so that the heat conduction oil inside the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605 flows from top to bottom along the inner side of the upper layer separation arc plate 606, and the temperature inside the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is enabled to move downwards through the flow of the heat conduction oil inside the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box 605, so that the temperature inside the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 at different heights is ensured to be kept in a proper range;
in the process that mixed heavy oil vapor ascends along the inside of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2, corresponding products in the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 are required to be liquefied and separated out, when the mixed heavy oil vapor ascends, a rotating motor 706 is started to drive a vertical shaft 707 to rotate, a guide cover 708 is driven to rotate through the driving vertical shaft 707, meanwhile, the ascending mixed vapor is guided through a separation interception box 702, a sectional collection box 703 and the guide cover 708, the internal cavity of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is separated through the separation interception box 702, so that the liquefied and separated products are prevented from directly dripping to the bottom of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2, the liquefied and adsorbed areas of the products are effectively increased through the sectional collection box 703 and the guide cover 708, different products can be separated and dripped into the separation interception box 702 and the sectional collection box 703 under the action of centrifugal force, the liquefied products dripped into the inner part of the sectional collection box 703 can be dripped into the separation box 702 through a discharge edge groove 704 and a discharge inner hole 705, the liquefied products are discharged through the corresponding side face of the guide pipe 716, and the end face of the vacuum pressure reduction tower shell 2 is continuously processed through a guide pipe 716, and the end face of the vacuum pressure reduction tower 2 is continuously processed;
The liquefied product can collect heat emitted by the discharge conduit 716 when flowing through the inside of the discharge conduit 716, the circulating fan 719 sucks air flow in the air flow of the air flow guiding square cover 717, the protective bottom net 718 intercepts and filters the air flow entering the inside of the air flow guiding square cover 717, the heat on the periphery of the discharge conduit 716 can be absorbed in the process that the air flow flows through the inside of the air flow guiding square cover 717, the hot air flow is transported into the inside of the heating round cover 720 through the circulating fan 719, and the heat conduction oil in the inside of the external heating barrel 713 is assisted in the process that the hot air flow flows through the inside of the heating round cover 720;
the heat conduction oil in the external heating barrel 713 is synchronously heated through the heat in the heating round cover 720 and the heat conduction oil in the external heating barrel 713 is synchronously heated through the heating side rod 715 arranged on the side plate 714, after the heat conduction oil in the external heating barrel 713 reaches a proper temperature, the high-temperature heat conduction oil in the external heating barrel 713 is guided into the liquid inlet guide pipe 711 through the circulating pump 712, the high-temperature heat conduction oil is guided into the heat conduction flat box 709 through the liquid inlet guide pipe 711, and in the process that the heat conduction oil flows through the heat conduction flat box 709, the heat conduction flat box 709 is correspondingly used for assisting the separation interception box 702 and the sectional collection box 703, so that the separation interception box 702 and the sectional collection box 703 can be always kept in a proper temperature range in the operation process of the vacuum distillation device, and further, the upper-layer products of the vacuum distillation tower shell 2 are effectively prevented from being adhered and mixed to the outer sides of the separation interception box 702 and the sectional collection box 703 of the lower layer, so that the purity of the products is effectively improved;
The top of the vacuum distillation device is required to be protected in the use process of the vacuum distillation device, in rainy days, precipitation at the top of the vacuum distillation device 2 is collected through the collecting top cover 801, dust impurities in rainwater are intercepted and isolated through the filtering cone net 802, and through the conical structural design of the filtering cone net 802, impurities intercepted by the filtering cone net 802 can be discharged from the edge of the filtering cone net 802 under the flushing of the rainwater, and water collected in the collecting top cover 801 is guided into the storage ring box 804 through the collecting side pipe 803 for storage;
when the outside of the vacuum tower casing 2 needs to be flushed by water stored in the liquid storage ring box 804, water is introduced into the flushing small pump 807 through the installation arc pipe 806 on the side surface of the installation arc plate 805, water flow in the installation arc pipe 806 is pressurized through the flushing small pump 807 and is introduced into the elastic telescopic pipe 810, high-pressure water flow is introduced into the swinging bottom box 811 through the elastic telescopic pipe 810, and then high-pressure water flow is sprayed to the outside of the vacuum tower casing 2 through the spraying cone 812 at the bottom of the swinging bottom box 811, so that flushing of the outside of the vacuum tower casing 2 is realized, meanwhile, the swinging bottom box 811 can be driven to swing through the swinging motor 809 on the side surface of the installation arc plate 808, and the spraying cone 812 is driven to swing synchronously through the swinging bottom box 811, so that the spraying range of the spraying cone 812 is effectively enlarged, and the cleaning effect of the spraying cone 812 is effectively improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A vacuum distillation apparatus for heavy oil refining, comprising a mounting base (1), characterized in that: the top end of the mounting base (1) is connected with a vacuum decompression tower shell (2), a top discharging pipe (3) is mounted at the top end of the vacuum decompression tower shell (2), a side discharging pipe (4) is mounted on one side of the vacuum decompression tower shell (2), and a feeding bottom pipe (5) is connected to the other side of the vacuum decompression tower shell (2);
the outside of the vacuum tower shell (2) is provided with an external multi-azimuth temperature circulation mechanism (6) which is used for absorbing heat which is overflowed when the heavy oil is subjected to vacuum distillation through the vacuum tower and absorbing and transferring heat at other positions in the heavy oil distillation system through a plurality of auxiliary airflow circulation structures;
The external multidirectional temperature circulation mechanism (6) comprises a front-end feeding coiled pipe (601);
the liquid inlet end of the feeding bottom pipe (5) is provided with a front-end feeding coiled pipe (601), the bottom of the outer side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell (2) is sleeved with a bottom heating sleeve (602), the inner side of the bottom heating sleeve (602) is provided with a bottom partition plate (603), and the bottom of the bottom partition plate (603) is provided with a bottom transfer pump (604);
the top of the bottom heating sleeve (602) is connected with an arc liquid guide flat box (605), an upper-layer arc separation plate (606) is arranged on the inner side of the arc liquid guide flat box (605), the outer cambered surface of the upper-layer arc separation plate (606) is connected with a heat conduction side bar (607), and a filling arc heat insulation plate (608) is arranged on the top of the bottom heating sleeve (602);
the front end feeding coiled pipe (601) is externally coated with a heat exchange flat box (609), the top end of the heat exchange flat box (609) is connected with a protection flat net (610) in a clamping mode, a heat conduction fan (611) is installed at the bottom end of the heat exchange flat box (609), a heat conduction bottom pipe (612) is connected to the bottom end of the heat conduction fan (611), the tail end of the heat conduction bottom pipe (612) is connected with a heating annular air box (613), the inner side surface of the heating annular air box (613) is connected with a heat conduction small column (614), and the top of the heating annular air box (613) is connected with an outer side heat conduction arc box (615);
An installation inner strip (616) is arranged on the outer side of the outer side heat conduction arc-shaped box (615), a heat absorption magnetic plate (617) is connected to the side face of the installation inner strip (616), an elastic sealing top cover (618) is jointly coated at the top end and the bottom end of each heat absorption magnetic plate (617), and an air guide side hole (619) is formed in the side face of the installation inner strip (616);
the transfer bottom pump (604) is powered by an external power supply, the heat conduction fan (611) is powered by the external power supply, and the four heat absorption magnetic plates (617) and the two elastic sealing top covers (618) form a narrow and long box-shaped structure together;
the inner side of the top end of the outer side heat conduction arc-shaped box (615) is fixedly connected with an air guide top box (620) through a pipeline, an exhaust valve port (621) is fixedly connected at a position between the side surfaces of the inner strip (616) which are correspondingly arranged on one side of the air guide top box (620), and the bottom air inlet box (622) is fixedly connected at the bottom of the inner side of the outer side heat conduction arc-shaped box (615);
the bottom heating sleeve (602) is divided into two independent annular spaces by a bottom partition plate (603), and cavities at two sides of the bottom partition plate (603) are communicated with each other by a transfer bottom pump (604);
the inner cavity of the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box (605) is communicated with the inner cavity of the bottom heating sleeve box (602), the bottom ends of the upper-layer partition arc plates (606) are aligned with the top ends of the bottom partition plates (603), a gap is reserved between the top ends of the upper-layer partition arc plates (606) and the top surface of the inner side of the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box (605), and heat conducting oil is filled in the bottom heating sleeve box (602) and the inner side of the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box (605) together;
The end faces between the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box (605) and the filling arc-shaped heat-insulating plate (608) are the same in shape, the arc-shaped liquid guide flat box (605) is not intersected with the side discharging pipe (4) and the feeding bottom pipe (5) at the outer side of the vacuum pressure reducing tower shell (2), and mounting holes are formed in the positions, corresponding to the outer sides of the side discharging pipe (4) and the feeding bottom pipe (5), of the filling arc-shaped heat-insulating plate (608) in a penetrating mode;
the inner side arc surface of the heating annular air box (613) is tightly and slidably attached to the outer side surface of the bottom heating sleeve (602), a group of four heat absorption magnetic plates (617) are arranged, the side surfaces of the four heat absorption magnetic plates (617) are connected end to end through flexible rubber strips to form a tubular structure, the inner cavities of the outer side heat conduction arc-shaped boxes (615) are communicated with the inner cavities formed by the heat absorption magnetic plates (617) through air guide side holes (619), the adjacent two heat absorption magnetic plates (617) are attracted to each other, and the inner cavities of the heating annular air box (613) and the outer side heat conduction arc-shaped boxes (615) are communicated with each other through bottom air inlet boxes (622);
the inside of the vacuum tower shell (2) is provided with a three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism (7) which is used for guiding and layering raw materials in the vacuum tower shell (2), so that substances with different boiling points can be mutually separated and re-liquefied, and the temperatures of different heights in the vacuum tower shell (2) are actively regulated through external auxiliary heat supply so as to ensure the normal running of the heavy oil fractionation in the vacuum tower shell (2);
The three-dimensional sectional heat preservation mechanism (7) comprises a mounting top frame (701);
the device comprises a vacuum decompression tower shell (2), wherein an installation top frame (701) is fixedly installed at the top of the inner side of the vacuum decompression tower shell (2), separation interception boxes (702) are uniformly and fixedly connected at the side positions of side discharge pipes (4) corresponding to the inner side of the vacuum decompression tower shell (2), segmented collection boxes (703) are uniformly and fixedly connected at the top positions of the separation interception boxes (702) corresponding to the inner side of the vacuum decompression tower shell (2), discharge side grooves (704) are uniformly and uniformly formed in the edges of the segmented collection boxes (703) in a penetrating mode along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and discharge inner holes (705) are formed in the positions of one side of the edges of the segmented collection boxes (703) corresponding to the discharge side grooves (704) in a penetrating mode along the circumferential direction at equal intervals;
a rotating motor (706) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top end of the mounting top frame (701), the rotating motor (706) is powered by an external power supply, a driving vertical shaft (707) is fixedly connected to the bottom position of the bottom end of an output shaft of the rotating motor (706) corresponding to the mounting top frame (701), and a guide cover (708) is fixedly arranged at the top position of the outer side of the driving vertical shaft (707) corresponding to the separation interception box (702) and the subsection collection box (703) at equal intervals;
The device comprises a separation interception box (702) and a segmentation collection box (703), wherein heat conduction flat boxes (709) are fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the separation interception box (702) and the segmentation collection box (703), a circulation calandria (710) is fixedly connected to one side of the separation interception box (702), a liquid inlet conduit (711) is fixedly connected to the other side of the separation interception box (702), circulating pumps (712) are commonly connected to the tail ends of the liquid inlet conduits (711) through pipelines, the circulating pumps (712) are powered through an external power supply, an external heating barrel (713) is fixedly connected to one end of each circulating pump (712) corresponding to one position outside a vacuum pressure reduction tower shell (2) through a pipeline, and the tail ends of the three circulation calandrias (710) are commonly communicated with the external heating barrel (713) through pipelines;
a mounting side plate (714) is embedded in the middle of one side of the external heating barrel (713), and a heating side rod (715) is embedded in the middle of one side of the mounting side plate (714) at a position corresponding to the inner position of the external heating barrel (713);
a plurality of discharge pipe (4) tip all fixedly connected with row material pipe (716) is arranged to side, guide square cover (717) are installed in the outside of row material pipe (716), protection bottom net (718) are installed in embedding of guide square cover (717) bottom, circulation fan (719) are installed in embedding of guide square cover (717) one side middle part, circulation fan (719) are supplied power through external power source, circulation fan (719) tip corresponds outside heating barrel (713) outside position department and has heating dome (720) through the fixed interception of pipeline.
2. The vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil according to claim 1, wherein two segmented collecting boxes (703) and one separating and intercepting box (702) are a group, the edges of the bottom surfaces of the separating and intercepting boxes (702) are flush with the inner wall of the side discharging pipe (4) at the corresponding position, the separating and intercepting boxes (702) and the segmented collecting boxes (703) are staggered with the guide cover (708), and the inner cavity of the guide cover (708) is in a conical structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom.
3. The vacuum distillation apparatus for heavy oil refining according to claim 1, wherein the heat conducting flat box (709) and the end part of the discharging inner hole (705) are staggered, the heat conducting flat box (709) does not completely shield the discharging side groove (704), the inner arc surface of the heating dome (720) is tightly and slidably attached to the outer side of the external heating barrel (713), and the top surface of the heating dome (720) is provided with an exhaust port.
4. The vacuum distillation apparatus for heavy oil refining according to claim 1, wherein a top isolation protection mechanism (8) is provided at the top of the vacuum tower casing (2) for collecting rainwater at the top of the vacuum tower casing (2) during rainfall and intercepting and discharging impurities in the rainwater so as to clean the outside of the vacuum tower casing (2) through the collected water;
The top isolation protection mechanism (8) comprises a collection top cover (801);
the utility model discloses a vacuum decompression tower casing, including vacuum decompression tower casing (2) and top row material pipe (3), collection top cap (801) has been cup jointed in fixed position department in top outside corresponding to top row material pipe (3), collection top cap (801) top limit portion joint has filtration awl net (802), collection top cap (801) outside bottom is along circumference equidistance fixedly connected with collection side tube (803), collection side tube (803) end corresponds collection top cap (801) top outside position department fixedly connected with liquid storage ring box (804), liquid storage ring box (804) bottom limit portion is along circumference direction fixedly connected with installation arc board (805), installation arc board (805) side middle part fixedly connected with installation arc pipe (806), installation arc pipe (806) end bottom fixedly connected with wash small pump (807) are supplied power through external power source, equal symmetry installs cantilever (808) in wash small pump (807) bottom surface both ends, installation cantilever (808) one side fixedly connected with swing motor (809), swing motor (809) are supplied power through external power source, cantilever (808) are connected with cantilever (808) along circumference direction, cantilever (808) bottom side fixedly connected with cantilever (810) is connected with flexible pipe (807) through external power source), and a spraying cone head (812) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bottom end of the swinging bottom box (811).
5. The vacuum distillation apparatus for heavy oil refining according to claim 4, wherein the inner arc surface of the liquid storage ring box (804) is tightly attached to the top arc surface of the vacuum tower casing (2), the elastic telescopic tube (810), the swinging bottom box (811) and the inner cavity of the spraying cone head (812) are mutually communicated, the swinging bottom box (811) is movably connected with the mounting hanging plate (808), and the end part of the output shaft of the swinging motor (809) is fixedly connected with the swinging bottom box (811).
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| CN202310806100.2A CN116515519B (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310806100.2A CN116515519B (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Vacuum distillation device for refining heavy oil |
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| CN116515519B true CN116515519B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200974829Y (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2007-11-14 | 华南理工大学 | Auxiliary fractionating tower |
| MX2016012544A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-06 | Axens | Process for desulfurizing cracked naphtha. |
| CN113403102A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-17 | 盘锦辽河综研化学有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted heat conduction oil online regeneration equipment and regeneration method thereof |
| CN217023765U (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-22 | 苏昕 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective chemical industry oil refining tank |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10280371B2 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2019-05-07 | Delta Technologies LLC | Distillation of used motor oil with distillate vapors |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200974829Y (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2007-11-14 | 华南理工大学 | Auxiliary fractionating tower |
| MX2016012544A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-06 | Axens | Process for desulfurizing cracked naphtha. |
| CN113403102A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-17 | 盘锦辽河综研化学有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted heat conduction oil online regeneration equipment and regeneration method thereof |
| CN217023765U (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-22 | 苏昕 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective chemical industry oil refining tank |
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| CN116515519A (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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