CN116513950A - Lifting appliance using method, lifting appliance and crane - Google Patents

Lifting appliance using method, lifting appliance and crane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116513950A
CN116513950A CN202310643450.1A CN202310643450A CN116513950A CN 116513950 A CN116513950 A CN 116513950A CN 202310643450 A CN202310643450 A CN 202310643450A CN 116513950 A CN116513950 A CN 116513950A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
clamp
lifting
arm
base
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310643450.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王磊
代永利
郭鹏伟
范豫
高芳
杨菲
付华
李锦锦
梁蒙
王晨曦
杨莹
杜虹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Luoyang Xiaifu Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Henan Special Equipment Inspection Technology Research Institute
Original Assignee
Luoyang Xiaifu Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Henan Special Equipment Inspection Technology Research Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luoyang Xiaifu Intelligent Equipment Co ltd, Henan Special Equipment Inspection Technology Research Institute filed Critical Luoyang Xiaifu Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority to CN202310643450.1A priority Critical patent/CN116513950A/en
Publication of CN116513950A publication Critical patent/CN116513950A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • B66C1/54—Internally-expanding grippers for handling hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a using method of a lifting appliance, the lifting appliance and a crane, comprising the following steps: at least two clamping arms are connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp; the lifting rod is in sliding connection with the counterweight base, and a sliding shaft of the lifting rod and the counterweight base is taken as a B shaft; the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod form a deformable structure, and if the clamp is an expanding clamp, the included angle between the lower end of the clamping arm and the inner side of the counterweight base is an obtuse angle, and if the clamp is a clamping clamp, the included angle between the lower end of the clamping arm and the inner side of the counterweight base is an acute angle; the enabling clamp arm resetting device is used for resetting the included angle between the clamp arm and the counterweight base in an enabling control mode and enabling the included angle between the clamp arm and the counterweight base to be in an adjustable state in a disabling control mode. The crane comprises a lifting rope and the lifting appliance, wherein the lifting rope is fixedly connected with the lifting rod in the direction of the B axis. The use of them facilitates a small actuating force to achieve a gripping force amplifying effect on the object.

Description

Lifting appliance using method, lifting appliance and crane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lifting appliances, in particular to a use method of a lifting appliance, the lifting appliance and a crane.
Background
A lifting tool (lifting) is a device for lifting a weight in a crane. The most commonly used slings are hooks and slings, and others are slings, lifting chucks, clamps, forks, and the like.
Industrial rolls are generally cylindrical in shape, rolls wound on hollow tubes are hollow rolls, and rolls wound on solid cylinders are solid rolls. For example, a solid roll has an outer diameter of 750mm to 1250mm, a maximum height of 3.6m and a maximum weight of 4.2 tons. At present, when a storehouse stores the solid paper rolls, a single solid paper roll is generally placed vertically, and the space utilization rate is improved by adopting a multi-layer stacking mode. When the solid paper roll is conveyed in a short distance, the solid paper roll is generally conveyed by adopting modes such as forklift conveying, lifting and pulling conveying and the like. Due to the special nature of the rolls, damage to the sides of the rolls, as well as the upper and lower end surfaces of the rolls should be avoided when handling solid rolls.
In the prior art, three modes are adopted for hanging hollow paper rolls by a lifting appliance: the first lifting appliance comprises a lifting hook and a lifting rod, wherein the lifting rod penetrates through a pipe hole of a horizontal hollow paper roll, the two lifting hooks respectively hook two ends of the lifting rod, and the first lifting appliance can be a paper roll lifting appliance disclosed in patent document CN216863384U, a paper laying machine, a novel movable paper roll lifting appliance disclosed in CN208054707U and a paper roll lifting appliance disclosed in CN 105129604A; the second type of the lifting device has the advantages that the outer diameter of the lifting device can be expanded or reduced, after the lifting device is inserted into a pipe hole of a vertical hollow paper roll, the outer diameter of the lifting device is expanded, the hollow paper roll can be lifted after the friction force between the lifting device and the hollow pipe is equal to the gravity of the hollow paper roll, and the lifting device can be specifically disclosed in a paper roll lifting tool disclosed in patent document CN102815602A and a lifting device disclosed in CN 200949009Y; and thirdly, tightly holding the paper roll by a clamp, and particularly, the turnover type cylindrical paper holding crane disclosed in the patent document CN201024042Y can be seen. Because the solid paper roll has no pipe hole, the solid paper roll can be hung by adopting a hanger in the last hanging mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a using method of a lifting appliance, the lifting appliance and a crane, so as to reduce the requirement on initial clamping force provided by the outside. When the clamp is adjusted to be suitable for clamping the columnar body, the lifting appliance and the crane are also convenient for lifting the vertically placed paper rolls, in particular solid paper rolls.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the application method of the lifting appliance comprises a base, clamping arms and lifting rods, wherein at least two clamping arms are connected with the base to form a supporting expansion clamp, and the lifting rods are connected with the base in a sliding manner, and the application method comprises the following steps:
s11, movably connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and enabling the lifting rod to be in bidirectional linkage with the clamping arm;
s12, maintaining an included angle between the clamping arm and the baseαFor designing an obtuse angle, the lifting rod is lifted and moved so as to set the clamp at the clamping position of the target object;
s13, lifting the lifting rod, removing the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweightαExpanding until the clamp is in friction connection with the inner wall of the hole of the target object;
s14, lifting the lifting rod, wherein the downward friction force of the target object to the clamp causes the expanding pressure of the clamp to the target object to be further increased;
Wherein, the angle isαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
Preferably, the base is a counterweight base, or in step S13, the base is weighted.
Preferably, in the step S12, an anti-falling portion is further fixed above the holding wall of the target object.
The application method of the lifting appliance comprises a base, clamping arms and lifting rods, wherein at least two clamping arms are connected with the base to form a clamping clamp, and the lifting rods are connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the application method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, movably connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and enabling the lifting rod to be in bidirectional linkage with the clamping arm;
s12, maintaining an included angle between the clamping arm and the baseαIn order to design an acute angle, the lifting rod is lifted and moved so as to set the clamp at the clamping position of the target object;
s13, lifting the lifting rod, removing the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweightαShrinking until the clamp is in friction connection with the outer wall of the target object;
s14, lifting the lifting rod, wherein the downward friction force of the target object to the clamp causes the clamping pressure of the clamp to the target object to be further increased;
Wherein, the angle isαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
Preferably, the base is a counterweight base, or in step S13, the base is weighted.
Preferably, in the step S12, an anti-falling portion is further fixed above the holding wall of the target object.
A lifting appliance comprises a counterweight base, a clamping arm, a lifting rod, a transmission device and an enabling clamping arm resetting device; at least two clamping arms are connected with the counterweight base to form a clamping clamp; the lifting rod is in sliding connection with the counterweight base, and a sliding shaft of the lifting rod and the counterweight base is set as a B shaft; the transmission device is used for transmitting and connecting the lifting rod and the clamping arm, so that the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod form a deformable structure, and the included angle between the clamping arm and the counterweight base is less than the angleαIs an acute angle; the enabling clamp arm resetting device is used for resetting the angle in an enabling control modeαMake +.αIs in an adjustable state; wherein, the angle isαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
A lifting appliance comprises a counterweight base, a clamping arm, a lifting rod, a transmission device and an enabling clamping arm resetting device; at least two clamping arms are connected with the counterweight base to form a expanding clamp; the lifting rod is in sliding connection with the counterweight base, and a sliding shaft of the lifting rod and the counterweight base is set as a B shaft; the transmission device is used for transmitting and connecting the lifting rod and the clamping arm, so that the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod form a deformable structure, and the included angle between the clamping arm and the counterweight base is less than the angle αIs an obtuse angle; the enabling clamp arm resetting device is used for resetting the angle in an enabling control modeαMake +.αIs in an adjustable state; wherein, the angle isαDiameter between lower end of finger arm and counterweight baseToward the corners of the centripetal side.
Preferably, in use, the lifting appliance is lifted by lifting the lifting rod.
Preferably, the lifting device further comprises a lifting part, wherein the lifting part is fixedly connected with the lifting rod in the direction of a B axis, and the B axis is parallel to the gravity center line of the lifting appliance when the lifting part is lifted.
Further preferably, the geometric centerline of the clamp is collinear with the gravitational centerline.
Further preferably, the transmission device comprises a connecting rod, a connecting point of the connecting rod and the lifting rod is arranged below the counterweight base, the lifting part is arranged above the counterweight base, and an included angle between the connecting rod and the upper end of the lifting rod in use is less than that of the connecting rodθ≥90°。
Preferably, the lifting rod is connected with the counterweight base sliding pair, the transmission device comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the clamping arm, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the lifting rod.
Preferably, the transmission device comprises a first traction rope, one end of the first traction rope is fixedly connected with the clamping arm, and the other end of the first traction rope is fixedly connected with the lifting rod.
Preferably, the lifting rod is connected with the counterweight base sliding pair, the transmission device comprises a connecting rod and a sliding block, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lifting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block, and the sliding block is in sliding connection with the clamping arm.
Preferably, the lifting rod is connected with the counterweight base cylinder pair, the transmission device comprises a connecting rod and a linkage core, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the clamping arm, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the linkage core, the linkage core is connected with the lifting rod cylinder pair, and the lifting rod is further provided with an upper limit part of the linkage core and a lower limit part of the linkage core.
Further preferably, the enabling clamp arm resetting device comprises an angular travel actuator and a resetting enabling module, wherein the resetting enabling module is used for driving the angular travel actuator to reset to an initial included angle in an enabling control mode, and enabling the angular travel actuator to form a revolute pair in a disabling control mode.
Still further preferably, the angular travel actuator is an angular travel hydraulic cylinder.
Still further preferably, the angular travel actuator is an angular travel pneumatic cylinder.
Still further preferably, the angular travel actuator comprises a fixed end, a movable end, a reset spring, a second traction rope and a traction mechanism, wherein the fixed end is connected with a movable end revolute pair, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with the fixed end, the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with the movable end, one end of the second traction rope is connected with the movable end, the second traction rope is led out from a perforation of the movable end and is fixedly connected with a tension output piece of the traction mechanism, the traction mechanism is arranged at a relatively static state with the fixed end, and the telescopic control module is used for setting the traction length of the traction mechanism.
Further preferably, the enabling clamp arm resetting device comprises a telescopic rod and a resetting enabling module, wherein the resetting enabling module is used for driving the telescopic rod to be reset to an initial length in an enabling control mode, and enabling the telescopic rod to form flexible connection in a disabling control mode.
Still further preferably, the telescopic rod is a straight travel hydraulic cylinder.
Still further preferably, the telescopic rod is a straight travel pneumatic cylinder.
Still further preferably, the telescopic rod comprises a reset spring, a second traction rope and a traction mechanism, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with one end of the second traction rope, the second traction rope is led out from the other end of the reset spring and is fixedly connected with a tension output piece of the traction mechanism, the traction mechanism and a second traction rope leading-out end of the reset spring are arranged in a relatively static mode, and the telescopic control module is used for setting the traction length of the traction mechanism.
Preferably, the clamping arm and the counterweight baseThe seat revolute pair is connected, a rotating shaft of the clamping arm and the counterweight base is set as an A shaft, and a normal plane of the A shaft passing through the geometric center line of the clamp is set as an upright plane A; the two clamping arms are arranged, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to the two clamping arms isβ180 deg..
Preferably, the clamping arm is connected with the counterweight base revolute pair, a rotating shaft of the clamping arm and the counterweight base is set as an A shaft, and a normal plane of the A shaft passing through the geometric center line of the clamp is set as an upright plane A; the clamping arms are at least three, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to any two adjacent clamping arms is lessβAll are less than or equal to 180 degrees.
Still preferably, the expanding fixture further comprises a friction support, the friction support is connected with the clamp arm revolute pair, the rotation shaft of the friction support and the clamp arm is set to be an I-axis, and the I-axis is parallel to the corresponding a-axis of the clamp arm.
Still further preferably, the expanding fixture further comprises a friction support resetting piece, wherein the friction support resetting piece is arranged at the side of the rotating shaft of the friction support and the clamping arm, and two ends of the friction support resetting piece are respectively connected with the friction support and the clamping arm.
Further preferably, the expanding fixture further comprises a friction support, the friction support is connected with the clamping arm, and a friction surface of the friction support is formed by an elastic layer.
Still preferably, the holding clamp further comprises a friction support, the friction support is connected with the clamp arm revolute pair, the rotation shaft of the friction support and the clamp arm is set to be an I shaft, and the I shaft is parallel to the corresponding A shaft of the clamp arm.
Still further preferably, the holding clamp further comprises a friction support resetting piece, wherein the friction support resetting piece is arranged at the side of the rotating shaft of the friction support and the clamp arm, and two ends of the friction support resetting piece are respectively connected with the friction support and the clamp arm.
Further preferably, the holding clamp further comprises a friction support, the friction support is connected with the clamp arm, and a friction surface of the friction support is formed by an elastic layer.
The crane comprises a lifting rope and the lifting appliance, wherein the lifting rope is fixedly connected with the lifting rod in the direction of the B axis.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. in the using method of the lifting appliance, the step S11 is movably connected with the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and the purpose of bi-directionally linking the lifting rod and the clamping arm is to keep the angle in the step S12αSetting the relative position of the lifting rod and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweight after the lifting rod is lifted and the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base is removed in the step S13 αAnd (5) adjusting. Keep +.αIn order to design the obtuse angle, after the lifting rod is lifted and the included angle maintaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base is removed in the step S13, the gravity center of the base with the counterweight is driven to move downwardsαExpanding and realizing the purpose of expanding and clamping. Step S14 realizes further increase of expansion pressure of the clamp to the target object by means of downward friction force and a self-locking structure of the target object to the clamp, drives the downward friction force to further increase, and realizes the effect of amplifying the clamping force to the object by small starting force.
2. In the method for using the lifting appliance, in the step S12, the anti-falling part is fixed above the clamping wall of the target object, so that the selection range of the friction material on the clamp is wider.
3. In the using method of the lifting appliance, the step S11 is movably connected with the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and the purpose of bi-directionally linking the lifting rod and the clamping arm is to keep the angle in the step S12αSetting the relative position of the lifting rod and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweight after the lifting rod is lifted and the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base is removed in the step S13αAnd (5) adjusting. Keep +.αIn order to design an acute angle, after the lifting rod is lifted and the included angle maintaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base is removed in the step S13, the gravity center of the base with the counterweight is driven to move downwards αThe purpose of holding the clamp is achieved by shrinking. Step S14 realizes further increase of expansion pressure of the clamp to the target object by means of downward friction force and a self-locking structure of the target object to the clamp, drives the downward friction force to further increase, and realizes the effect of amplifying the clamping force to the object by small starting force.
4. In the method for using the lifting appliance, in the step S12, the anti-falling part is fixed above the clamping wall of the target object, so that the selection range of the friction material on the clamp is wider.
5. In the lifting appliance, the clamping arm is connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp so as to clamp an object; when the object is required to be clamped, the disabled control enabled clamp arm resetting device cuts off the resetting capability of the disabled control enabled clamp arm resetting device, the acting force for lifting the lifting appliance is applied to the lifting appliance through the lifting rod, and as the counterweight base, the clamp arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod form a deformable structure, if the clamp is a expanding clamp, the angle is smaller than that of the expanding clampαIs obtuse, so that the gravity center of the counterweight base moves downwards under the action of gravity to drive the angleαExpanding, thereby realizing automatic clamping of the object; if the clamp is a clamp, the angle isαIs an acute angle, so that the gravity center of the counterweight base moves downwards under the action of gravity to drive the angleαShrinking, thereby realizing automatic clamping of the object; when the clamping of an object is required to be released, the controllable enabled clamp arm resetting device is enabled to restore the resetting capability, and the enabled clamp arm resetting device enables the angle αThe initial state is restored, and thus the object is released.
6. In the lifting appliance, the lifting part is fixedly connected with the lifting rod in the direction of the B axis, and when the lifting part is lifted, the B axis is parallel to the gravity center line of the lifting appliance, so that the lifting appliance is more stable in posture when the lifting rod is lifted.
7. In the lifting appliance of the invention, the geometric center line of the clamp is collinear with the gravity center line. Thus, the transmission ratio of the transmission to each clamp arm is 1:1, the structure of the transmission device is simple.
9. In the lifting appliance, the transmission device comprises a connecting rod, the connecting point of the connecting rod and the lifting rod is arranged below the counterweight base, the lifting part is arranged above the counterweight base, and the included angle between the connecting rod and the upper end of the lifting rod is smaller when the lifting appliance is usedθNot less than 90 deg.. Because the length of the connecting rod is fixed, the angle appears in the using processθWhen the transition is between 0 and 90 and 180 degrees, the clamp can show the transition between the expanding clamp and the clamping clamp, and the danger is easy to occur. Limit the use timeθMore than or equal to 90 degrees, thus being safer.
10. In the lifting appliance, the enabling type clamping arm resetting device comprises an angular travel actuator and a resetting enabling module. Therefore, the function of resetting the included angle between the clamping arm and the counterweight base can be enabled or disabled according to the requirement.
11. In the lifting appliance, the enabled clamp arm resetting device comprises a telescopic rod and a resetting enabling module. Therefore, the function of resetting the included angle between the clamping arm and the counterweight base can be enabled or disabled according to the requirement.
12. In the lifting appliance, the clamping arm is connected with the counterweight base revolute pair, the rotating shafts of the clamping arm and the counterweight base are set to be an A shaft, and the normal plane of the A shaft passing through the B shaft is set to be an upright plane A; the two clamping arms are arranged, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to the two clamping arms isβ180 degrees, or at least three clamping arms are arranged, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to any two adjacent clamping arms is less thanβAll are less than or equal to 180 degrees. Such a clamp can perform the function of clamping an object.
13. In the lifting appliance, the clamp further comprises a friction support, the friction support is connected with the clamp arm revolute pair, the rotation shaft of the friction support and the clamp arm is set to be an I shaft, the I shaft is parallel to the corresponding A shaft of the clamp arm, and after the friction support connected with the clamp arm revolute pair is arranged, a single friction support can be connected with an object in a line or a surface.
14. In the lifting appliance, the clamp further comprises a friction support reset piece, wherein the friction support reset piece is arranged at the side of the friction support and the rotating shaft of the clamping arm, and two ends of the friction support reset piece are respectively connected with the friction support and the clamping arm. Thus, adverse effects of friction support movement on object clamping can be reduced, and efficiency of the clamping process is improved.
15. In the lifting appliance of the invention, the friction surface of the friction support is formed by the elastic layer, so that a single friction support can be connected with the object forming surface.
16. The crane provided by the invention can realize the effect of amplifying the clamping force of an object with small starting force, realize controllable clamping and loosening operation of the object, and has high hoisting efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a simplified view of a spreader, with left clamp arms and left links not shown in cross-section lines for clarity of illustration.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a spreader.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the spreader of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B of fig. 4.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. the device comprises a clamp, 10, a base, 11, a clamp arm, 12, a friction support, 13, a friction support reset piece, 14, a guide rod, 2, a lifting pull rod, 3, a transmission device, 30, a connecting rod, 4, an enabling clamp arm reset device, 40, a telescopic rod, 5, a lifting pull part, 6, a shaking linkage rod, 7, a cable storage barrel, 8 and a hydraulic system.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention is described in the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to assist those skilled in the art in understanding and implementing the invention. The following examples and technical terms therein should not be construed to depart from the technical knowledge of the art unless otherwise indicated.
The application method of the lifting appliance comprises a base, clamping arms and lifting rods, wherein at least two clamping arms are connected with the base to form a supporting expansion clamp, and the lifting rods are connected with the base in a sliding manner, and the application method comprises the following steps:
s11, movably connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and enabling the lifting rod to be in bidirectional linkage with the clamping arm;
s12, maintaining an included angle between the clamping arm and the baseαFor designing an obtuse angle, the lifting rod is lifted and moved so as to set the clamp at the clamping position of the target object; see fig. 1, angleαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the base.
S13, lifting the lifting rod, removing the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweightαExpanding until the clamp is in friction connection with the inner wall of the hole of the target object;
s14, lifting the lifting rod, wherein the downward friction force of the target object to the clamp causes the expanding pressure of the clamp to the target object to be further increased.
When the target object is required to be loosened, the included angle between the lower end of the clamping arm and the inner side of the base is tensioned so that the clamping arm is reset to be a designed acute angle, and in the process, the clamping arm reversely drives the base to reset relative to the lifting rod, so that the clamping of the target object is loosened.
Preferably, the base is a counterweight base, or in step S13, the base is weighted.
Preferably, in the step S12, an anti-falling portion is further fixed above the holding wall of the target object.
The application method of the lifting appliance comprises a base, clamping arms and lifting rods, wherein at least two clamping arms are connected with the base to form a clamping clamp, and the lifting rods are connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the application method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, movably connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and enabling the lifting rod to be in bidirectional linkage with the clamping arm;
s12, maintaining an included angle between the clamping arm and the baseαIn order to design an acute angle, the lifting rod is lifted and moved so as to set the clamp at the clamping position of the target object; see fig. 1, angleαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the base.
S13, lifting the lifting rod, removing the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweightαShrinking until the clamp is in friction connection with the outer wall of the target object;
s14, lifting the lifting rod, wherein the downward friction force of the target object to the clamp causes the clamping pressure of the clamp to the target object to be further increased.
When the target object is required to be loosened, the included angle between the lower end of the clamping arm and the inner side of the base is unfolded so that the clamping arm is reset to be a designed acute angle, and in the process, the clamping arm reversely drives the base to reset relative to the lifting rod, so that the clamping of the target object is loosened.
Preferably, the base is a counterweight base, or in step S13, the base is weighted.
Preferably, in the step S12, an anti-falling portion is further fixed above the holding wall of the target object.
The lifting appliance comprises a counterweight base, a clamping arm, a lifting rod, a transmission device and an enabled clamping arm resetting device.
The clamping arms are at least two and are connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp. It should be understood that the clamp may be a clamping clamp or a expanding clamp, all without affecting the implementation of the present invention. The clamping arm and the counterweight base can be hinged or bendable, for example, the clamping arm and the counterweight base are integrally formed by plastic, and the connecting part is arranged to be bendable, and the clamp can be formed.
The lifting rod is in sliding connection with the counterweight base, the lifting rod and the counterweight base slide in the direction of the B axis, but are relatively static in the direction perpendicular to the B axis, and the counterweight base rotates around the B axis relative to the lifting rod, so that the realization of functions is not affected. In the prior art, sliding pair connection and cylinder pair connection all belong to sliding connection. In practice, the structure provided for the technical reasons, or the movable structure thereof which does not affect the function implementation, can be considered as a sliding connection.
The transmission device is used for transmitting and connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, so that the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the lifting rod and the transmission device form a deformable structure. The base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod are preferably arranged to be of plane deformable structures, so that the movement mode of the clamp during the clamping and loosening operation is simple and easy to control. In general terms, the process is carried out,n(nmore than or equal to 4) the edge shape is of a deformable structure. At the position ofn(nNot less than 4) the angle between the base and the clamping arm is not less thanαThe actuator is adapted to form at least one side of the deformable polygonal structure. It will be appreciated that the transmission is a curved bar, or when the transmission is a rope, it may also be formed in a deformable structure. See fig. 1, angleαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
The counterweight of the counterweight base should satisfy: when only the hanging and pulling part is lifted, the gravity of the counterweight base can promote the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the lifting and pulling rod and the transmission deviceAnd (5) deformation. If the clamp is a expanding clamp, the angle isαThe distance between the lower end of the clamping arm and the lifting rod tends to be enlarged when the gravity of the counterweight base promotes the deformation of the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the lifting rod and the transmission device, so that the expanding clamping effect is realized. If the clamp is a clamp, the angle is αThe distance between the lower end of the clamping arm and the lifting rod tends to be reduced when the gravity of the counterweight base promotes the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the lifting rod and the transmission device to deform, so that the clamping effect is achieved.
The enabled clamp arm resetting device is used for resetting the angle in an enabling control modeαEven if the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the lifting rod and the transmission device are reset to the initial shape, the clamp is in a released state for the target object, and the angle is reduced in the disabling control modeαIn an adjustable state, the clamp arm resetting device can not obstruct the deformation of the counterweight base, the clamp arm, the lifting rod and the transmission device when the lifting rod is lifted.
When in use, the lifting rope is fixedly connected with the lifting rod in the direction of the B axis. And the lifting rope is pulled up, the lifting appliance naturally sags at the moment, the transmission device connecting part is arranged below the lifting part, the vertical pulling force is applied to the lifting appliance through the lifting part, and the lifting and moving operation of the lifting appliance is realized through the lifting rope.
Before moving the clamp to the clamping position, enabling control of the enabled clamp arm resetting device, wherein the enabled clamp arm resetting device has a resetting function and is used for controlling the clamp arm to be clampedαMaintaining the design included angle.
When the clamp moves to the clamping position and is required to clamp objects, the controllable clamp arm resetting device is disabled, the resetting function of the controllable clamp arm resetting device is cut off, and the clamp arm and the counterweight base are in a rotatable state. Because the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting pull rod form a deformable structure, the gravity of the counterweight base promotes the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the lifting pull rod and the transmission device to deform, if the clamp is designed as a expanding clamp, the angle is less than that of the clamp αTends to expand, thereby realizing the expanding clamping effect, and if the clamp is designed as a clamp holding clamp, the angle isαTends to shrink, thereby achieving the clasping effect.
When the gravity of the counterweight base is added to the downward friction force of the object to the lifting appliance, the downward friction force of the object to the lifting appliance is further increased, the included angle between the clamping arm and the base is further regulated … …, and when the lifting force formed on the object is increased to be more than or equal to the gravity of the object, the object can be lifted.
When the clamping of an object is required to be released, the controllable enabled clamp arm resetting device is enabled to be controlled, and the enabled clamp arm resetting device can restore the resetting function, so that the angle is reducedαResetting to the designed included angle to enable the clamp to loosen the clamping of the object.
In the prior art, the friction coefficient of some objects is more than or equal to 1, so that when the material of the contact surface of the clamp and the objects is special, the process can be realized only by the dead weight of the counterweight base. In addition, after the anti-falling part matched with the clamping point of the clamp is arranged on the object, even if the friction coefficient is small, the gravity of the object can be added as the gravity of the counterweight base, so that the process can be realized.
Example 1: a lifting appliance, see fig. 2-5, comprises a counterweight base 10, a clamping arm 11, a lifting rod 2, a transmission device 3, an enabled clamping arm resetting device 4 and a lifting part 5.
The lifting rod 2 is connected with the sliding pair of the counterweight base 10. The sliding shaft of the lifting rod 2 and the counterweight base 10 is set as the B-axis.
The clamp arm 11 has at least two clamp arms to be connected with the weight base 10 to form a clamp. In this embodiment, the clamp arm 11 is connected to the revolute pair of the counterweight base 10, and the rotation axis of the clamp arm 11 and the counterweight base 10 is defined as an a axis, and the normal plane of the a axis passing through the geometric center line of the clamp is defined as an upright plane a (i.e., the geometric center line of the clamp is within the upright plane a, which is the normal plane of the a axis). When the clamping arms 11 are two, the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to the two clamping arms is +.β180 degrees; when at least three clamping arms are arranged, the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to any two adjacent clamping arms is lessβAll are less than or equal to 180 degrees.
The transmission device 3 is used for transmitting and connecting the clamping arm 11 and the lifting rod 2, so that the counterweight base 10, the clamping arm 11, the lifting rod 2 and the transmission device 3 form a deformable structure.
Enabling clamp arm resetting deviceThe device 4 is used for resetting the included angle between the clamping arm 11 and the counterweight base 10 in the enabling control modeαEven if the weight base 10, the clamp arm 11, the lifting rod 2 and the transmission device 3 are reset and maintained in the original shape, the angle is made in the disabling control modeαIs in an adjustable state.
The hanging and pulling part 5 is fixedly connected with the lifting and pulling rod 2 in the direction of the B axis. The hanging and pulling part is a structure for facilitating the fixed connection of the hanging rope and the lifting and pulling rod in the direction of the B axis, and can be a hanging ring, a limiting part and a hook. When the lifting rod is provided with the limiting part at the upper end of the B shaft, even if the lifting part is movably connected with the lifting rod and moves below the limiting part of the lifting rod, the lifting part is limited at the uppermost position of the lifting rod by the upper limiting part when the lifting rod is used, so that the lifting rod is fixedly connected with the lifting rod in the B shaft direction of the lifting rod. In this embodiment, the hanging portion 5 is fixedly connected to the lifting rod 2.
In this embodiment, in order to improve stability of the hanger, when the hanger is pulled, the gravity center line of the natural sagging state of the hanger, which does not hold the object, is parallel to the B axis.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the design amount of the transmission device 3, the lifting rod 2 is disposed at the geometric center line of the fixture, and the gravity center line of the natural sagging state of the lifting appliance coincides with the geometric center line of the fixture.
In the embodiment, the clamping arms 11 have six clamping arms, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to any two adjacent clamping arms is less thanβBoth 60 deg..
In the present embodiment, the transmission 3 is constituted by the links 30, and the number of links 30 is the same as the number of clip arms 11. One end of a connecting rod 30 is connected with the revolute pair of the clamping arm 11, and the other end of the connecting rod 30 is connected with the revolute pair of the lifting rod 2. The rotation shafts of the connecting rod 30 and the clamping arm 11 are C shafts, the rotation shafts of the connecting rod 30 and the lifting rod 2 are D shafts, the A shafts, the C shafts and the D shafts are parallel, any two shafts among the A shafts, the C shafts and the D shafts are not collinear, and the B shafts are perpendicular to the A shafts.
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the angle between the connecting rod 30 and the upper end of the lifting rod 2 is +θMore than or equal to 90 DEG, and the connection point of the connecting rod 30 and the lifting rod 2 is arranged below the counterweight base 10, and the lifting part 5 is arranged above the counterweight base 10, therefore, The clamp of the embodiment is a clamp.
In this embodiment, the clamp is a clamp, so the angle isαIs acute angle, only if the reset function of the clamp arm reset device 4 is lost, the counterweight base 10 can press down the clamp arm 11 under the gravity action of the counterweight base 10, so that the angle isαAnd the clamping process is realized by shrinking.
In this embodiment, the enabled arm rest reset device 4 includes a telescopic rod 40 and a reset enabling module, where the reset enabling module is configured to drive the telescopic rod to reset to an initial length in an enabling control mode, and to enable the telescopic rod to form a flexible connection in a disabling control mode. The straight travel hydraulic cylinder, the straight travel pneumatic cylinder and the scissor telescopic mechanism driven by the straight travel hydraulic cylinder and the straight travel pneumatic cylinder all have reset enabling functions. One end of the telescopic rod 40 is connected with the rotating pair of the counterweight base 10, and the other end of the telescopic rod 40 is connected with the rotating pair of the other end of the lifting rod 20. Assuming that the rotation axes of the telescopic rod 40 and the counterweight base 10 are E-axes and the rotation axes of the telescopic rod 40 and the lifting rod 20 are F-axes, the a-axes, the E-axes and the F-axes are parallel to each other, and the E-axes and the F-axes are not arranged in a collinear manner.
In this embodiment, the telescoping rod 40 is a straight travel cylinder, and thus the associated telescoping control module includes a reversing valve. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lifting appliance further includes a hydraulic system 8, the hydraulic system 8 includes an oil tank, an oil pump and a reversing valve, an oil suction port of the oil pump extends into the oil tank through a suction pipe, an oil delivery port of the oil pump is communicated with a port P of the reversing valve, a port T of the reversing valve extends into the oil tank through an oil pipe, and a port A and a port B of the reversing valve are communicated with two oil ports of the straight-travel hydraulic cylinder through corresponding pipelines. Referring to fig. 4, the direction valve is operated, hydraulic oil pushes the straight travel cylinder to extend to the longest state, the process belongs to enabling control, the direction valve is operated, hydraulic oil flows out of the straight travel cylinder, and the straight travel cylinder loses thrust to the counterweight base and the lifting rod, which belongs to disabling control.
When the lifting device is used, the lifting part is connected with the lifting rope, the lifting appliance naturally sags at the moment, and the pulling force in the vertical direction is applied to the lifting appliance through the lifting rod.
Before moving the clamp to the clamping position, enabling control of the enabled clamp arm resetting device to enableClamp arm resetting device for making angleαMaintaining the design included angle.
When the clamp moves to the clamping position and an object is required to be clamped, the reversing valve is controlled, so that hydraulic oil in the straight-travel hydraulic cylinder is out of pressure, and the straight-travel hydraulic cylinder loses the thrust to the counterweight base and the lifting rod. Because the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod form a deformable structure, under the action of gravity, the gravity center of the counterweight base is sunk, and the clamping arm 11 is pressed down by the gravity center, so that the angle is reducedαThe shrinkage is carried out, so that the clamp holds the side wall of the object. If the friction force generated by the clamping force of the counterweight base 10 applied to the object through the clamping arm 11 is less than the gravity of the object, the lifting rope is lifted only after the lower end of the clamping arm 11 is hooked to the object, and at the moment, the gravity of the object and the lifting appliance is all applied to the clamping arm 11, and if the friction force generated by the clamping force of the counterweight base 10 applied to the object through the clamping arm 11 is more than or equal to the gravity of the object, the lifting of the object can be realized.
When the clamping of an object is required to be released, the reversing valve is controlled, so that hydraulic oil in the straight-travel hydraulic cylinder is pressurized, and the straight-travel hydraulic cylinder is pushed to extend to the longest state, so that the angle is increased αResetting to the designed included angle. In the process, under the action of the enabled clamp arm resetting device, the counterweight base, the clamp arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod are restored to the initial form, so that the clamp releases the clamp of the object.
It is envisioned that based on the content of embodiment 1, the connecting rod 30 is replaced with a pulling rope, one end of which is fixedly connected with the clamping arm 11, and the other end of which is fixedly connected with the lifting rod 2, and the resulting lifting appliance also has the effect of the present invention.
It is expected that, based on the content of embodiment 1, in the case where the clip arm 11 is connected to the revolute pair of the weight base 10 and the lift rod 2 is connected to the revolute pair of the weight base 10, one end of the link 30 is hinged to the clip arm 11, and the other end of the link 30 is hinged to the lift rod 2, the resulting spreader also has the effect of the present invention.
It is expected that, based on the content in embodiment 1, in the case where one end of the link 30 is connected to the revolute pair of the arm 11 and the other end of the link is connected to the revolute pair of the lift lever 2, and the lift lever 2 is slidingly connected to the counterweight base 10, even if the arm 11 is ball-hinged to the counterweight base 10, the arm 11 and the counterweight base 10 will only form the revolute pair connection in actual use.
It is contemplated that, based on the disclosure in embodiment 1, one end of the telescopic rod 40 is hinged to the base 10, the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the arm 11, or one end of the telescopic rod 40 is hinged to the arm 11, the other end of the telescopic rod 40 is hinged to the link 30, or one end of the telescopic rod 40 is hinged to the link 30, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the lifting rod 2, which can make the telescopic rod 40 and the reset enabling module form the enabled arm reset device 4.
It is envisioned that the enabled clip arm reset device 4 may also be implemented as follows, based on the disclosure in embodiment 1: the enabling type arm clamping reset device 4 comprises an angular travel actuator and a reset enabling module, wherein the reset enabling module is used for driving the angular travel actuator to reset to an initial included angle in an enabling control mode, and enabling the angular travel actuator to form a revolute pair in a disabling control mode. Common angular travel actuators have an angular travel hydraulic cylinder and an angular travel pneumatic cylinder. The angular travel actuator comprises a fixed end and a movable end which are connected by a revolute pair, and a rotating shaft of the fixed end and the movable end is H-axis, so that the H-axis and the A-axis are coaxially arranged, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the counterweight base 10, and the movable end is fixedly connected with the clamping arm 11, so that the function of resetting the included angle between the clamping arm and the counterweight base can be realized; under the condition of restoring the reset function, the angle stroke actuator can enlarge the included angle under the condition of maintaining the thrust at the two ends, and under the condition of cutting off the reset function, the thrust at the two ends is greatly disappeared in the process of shrinking the clamp of the angle stroke actuator. In addition, the H shaft and the C shaft are coaxially arranged, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the clamping arm 11, and the movable end is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 30; or the H shaft and the D shaft are coaxially arranged, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 30, and the movable end is fixedly connected with the lifting rod 2; these approaches are also possible.
It is envisioned that based on the teachings of embodiment 1, the connection point of the link 30 to the lift rod 2 is disposed below the weight base 10, the hanger 5 is disposed above the weight base 10, and during use, the link 30 and the lift rodAngle of upper end of pull rod 2θAll are smaller than 90 degrees, and the formed clamp is a expanding clamp. Correspondingly, the angle is neededαIs obtuse, so that the object lifting function can be realized.
It is expected that based on the content of embodiment 1, the connection point of the connecting rod 30 and the lifting rod 2 is arranged between the counterweight base 10 and the lifting part 5, and the angle between the connecting rod 30 and the upper end of the lifting rod 2 is smaller during useθAll are smaller than 90 degrees, and the formed clamp is a clamping clamp.
It is expected that based on the content of embodiment 1, the connection point of the connecting rod 30 and the lifting rod 2 is arranged between the counterweight base 10 and the lifting part 5, and the angle between the connecting rod 30 and the upper end of the lifting rod 2 is smaller during useθAll are more than or equal to 90 degrees, and the formed clamp is a expanding clamp. Correspondingly, the lower end of the clamping arm and the inner side of the counterweight base are required to form an obtuse angle, so that the object lifting function can be realized.
Example 2: a lifting appliance comprises a counterweight base, clamping arms, lifting rods, a transmission device, an enabled clamping arm resetting device and a lifting part, wherein the clamping arms are at least two and are connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp. The structure of embodiment 1 can be used for the lifting rod, the transmission device, the enabled clip arm resetting device, and the hanging part.
Unlike embodiment 1, referring to fig. 2-5, the clamp in this embodiment further includes a friction bracket 12 mounted on the clamp arm 11.
The friction surface of the friction support 12 may be formed of an elastic layer, and at this time, the friction support 12 may be fixedly connected to the arm 11 or may be movably connected to the arm 11. When the friction surface of the friction support 12 is formed of an elastic layer, even if the elastic friction support is fixedly connected to the clamp arm 11, the elastic friction support can be in surface contact with the side surface of the object when the clamp clamps the object. After the contact area is increased, the clamping pressure can be dispersed, the damage to the side surface of the object due to the overhigh single-point pressure is avoided, and the object can be clamped more stably.
Referring to fig. 4-5, in this embodiment, the friction support 12 is connected to the revolute pair of the arm 11, and the rotation axis of the friction support 12 and the arm 11 is set to be the I axis, and the I axis is preferably parallel to the a axis. In this case, the friction surface of the friction plate may be rigid or elastic.
In order to avoid that the friction support gesture is unfavorable for the clamping of the object when the clamp clamps the object, referring to fig. 4-5, the clamp can further comprise a friction support reset piece 15, and the friction support reset piece 15 can select a spring. When the angle between the arm 11 and the weight base 10 is the initial state, the friction plate resetting member 15 preferably sets the friction surface of the friction plate in the upright state. In this embodiment, the friction support resetting member 15 may be a column spring, which is disposed below the rotation shafts of the friction support 12 and the arm 11, and two ends of the column spring are respectively connected with the friction support 12 and the arm 11. When the clamping arm holding and grabbing mechanism 2 drives the clamping arm 11 to hold and grab, before the friction support 12 contacts with an object, the column spring enables the included angle between the friction support 12 and the clamping arm 11 to be unchanged, therefore, the bottom edge of the friction support 12 firstly contacts with the object, the object transmits force to the clamping arm 11 through the friction support 12 and the column spring, and the column spring is compressed in the process, so that the friction support 12 is connected with the surface of the object. In the enabling clamp arm resetting device 3, an included angle between the clamp arm 11 and the counterweight base 10 is set to restore to an initial state, and the friction support 12 and the object are separated from contact and then the column spring enables the friction support 12 and the clamp arm 11 to restore to the initial angle. In other embodiments, the friction support resetting member 15 may be a tension spring, which is disposed above the rotation shafts of the friction support 12 and the clamping arm 11, and two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected to the friction support 12 and the clamping arm 11.
Example 3: a lifting appliance comprises a counterweight base, clamping arms, lifting rods, a transmission device, an enabled clamping arm resetting device and a lifting part, wherein the clamping arms are at least two and are connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp. The structure of embodiment 1 can be used for the lifting rod, the transmission device, the enabled clamp arm resetting device and the lifting part.
Referring to fig. 2-5, in this embodiment, the lifting appliance further includes a swinging linkage rod 6, the swinging linkage rod 6 is fixedly connected with the lifting rod 2, and the swinging linkage rod 6 is disposed on the gravity center line of the lifting appliance. The supporting anti-shaking limiting cylinder is fixed on the hanger, and after the hanger is lifted, the shaking linkage rod 6 is inserted into the anti-shaking limiting cylinder, so that the hanger can be prevented from shaking when the hanger is horizontally moved.
It is expected that based on the content of embodiment 1, the swing link pipe is fixedly connected with the counterweight base 10, and a matched anti-shake limiting rod is fixed on the hanger, so that a corresponding effect can be achieved.
Example 4: a lifting appliance comprises a counterweight base, clamping arms, lifting rods, a transmission device, an enabled clamping arm resetting device and a lifting part, wherein the clamping arms are at least two and are connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp. The structure of embodiment 1 can be used for the lifting rod, the transmission device, the enabled clamp arm resetting device and the lifting part.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in this embodiment, the cable housing tube 7 is also fixed to the counterweight base 10. When the lifting appliance is used, the spiral cable can be selected for being connected with the lifting appliance, when the lifting appliance is lifted, the screw pitch of the spiral cable is reduced, the spiral cable is stored in the cable storage barrel 7, and when the lifting appliance is put down, the screw pitch of the spiral cable is enlarged. The spiral cable is stored by the cable storage barrel 7, so that adverse effects of messy cable forms on hoisting can be avoided.
Example 5: the crane comprising a lifting rope and further comprising the lifting appliance of any one of embodiments 1-4, the lifting rope being connected to the lifting portion. The hanging and pulling part can adopt a movable pulley frame provided with a movable pulley as shown in fig. 2, and can also adopt a ring buckle.
The invention is described in detail above with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the description of all possible embodiments is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the inventive concepts disclosed herein to the precise form disclosed. The technical characteristics of the above embodiments are selected and combined, specific parameters are experimentally changed by those skilled in the art, or the technical means disclosed in the present invention are conventionally replaced by the prior art in the technical field, which is not paid with creative work, and all the specific embodiments are implicitly disclosed in the present invention.

Claims (19)

1. The application method of the lifting appliance comprises a base, clamping arms and lifting rods, wherein at least two clamping arms are connected with the base to form a supporting expansion clamp, and the lifting rods are connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the application method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, movably connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and enabling the lifting rod to be in bidirectional linkage with the clamping arm;
s12, maintaining an included angle between the clamping arm and the baseαFor designing an obtuse angle, the lifting rod is lifted and moved so as to set the clamp at the clamping position of the target object;
s13, lifting the lifting rod, removing the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweightαExpanding until the clamp is in friction connection with the inner wall of the hole of the target object;
s14, lifting the lifting rod, wherein the downward friction force of the target object to the clamp causes the expanding pressure of the clamp to the target object to be further increased;
wherein, the angle isαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
2. The application method of the lifting appliance comprises a base, clamping arms and lifting rods, wherein at least two clamping arms are connected with the base to form a clamping clamp, and the lifting rods are connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the application method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S11, movably connecting the clamping arm and the lifting rod, and enabling the lifting rod to be in bidirectional linkage with the clamping arm;
s12, maintaining an included angle between the clamping arm and the baseαIn order to design an acute angle, the lifting rod is lifted and moved so as to set the clamp at the clamping position of the target object;
s13, lifting the lifting rod, removing the included angle retaining force applied to the clamping arm and the base, and driving the angle in the process of downwards moving the gravity center of the base with the counterweightαShrinking until the clamp is in friction connection with the outer wall of the target object;
s14, lifting the lifting rod, wherein the downward friction force of the target object to the clamp causes the clamping pressure of the clamp to the target object to be further increased;
wherein, the angle isαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base is a counterweight base, or wherein in step S13 the base is weighted.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S12, an anti-drop portion is further fixed above the holding wall of the target object.
5. A spreader, comprising:
A counterweight base;
at least two clamping arms connected with the counterweight base to form a clamp;
the lifting rod is in sliding connection with the counterweight base, and a sliding shaft of the lifting rod and the counterweight base is set as a B shaft;
the transmission device is used for transmitting and connecting the lifting rod and the clamping arm, so that the counterweight base, the clamping arm, the transmission device and the lifting rod form a deformable structure, and if the clamp is an expanding clamp, the included angle between the clamping arm and the counterweight base is less than the angleαIs an obtuse angle, if the clamp is a clamp holding clamp, the included angle between the clamp arm and the counterweight base is lessαIs an acute angle; and
the enabled clamp arm resetting device is used for resetting the angle in an enabled control modeαMake +.αIs in an adjustable state;
wherein, the angle isαThe lower end of the finger arm is at an angle to the radial centripetal side of the counterweight base.
6. The spreader of claim 5, wherein in use, the spreader is lifted by lifting the lifting bar.
7. The spreader of claim 5, further comprising a sling portion fixedly connected to the lifting rod in a B-axis direction, the B-axis being parallel to a gravitational centerline of the spreader when the sling portion is lifted.
8. The spreader of claim 7, wherein a geometric centerline of the clamp is collinear with the gravitational centerline.
9. The spreader of any one of claims 5-8, wherein the lift bar is connected to the counterweight base slip pair, the transmission means comprises a link, one end of the link is hingedly connected to the clip arm, and the other end of the link is hingedly connected to the lift bar.
10. The spreader of any one of claims 5-8, wherein the transmission comprises a first pull rope, one end of the first pull rope being fixedly connected to the clip arm, the other end of the first pull rope being fixedly connected to the lift bar.
11. The spreader of any one of claims 5-8, wherein the lift bar is connected to the counterweight base slip pair, the transmission means comprises a link and a slider, one end of the link is fixedly connected to the lift bar, the other end of the link is hingedly connected to the slider, and the slider is slidably connected to the clip arm.
12. The spreader of any one of claims 5-8, wherein the lift rod is connected to the counter weight base cylinder pair, the transmission device comprises a link and a linkage core, one end of the link is hinged to the clip arm, the other end of the link is hinged to the linkage core, the linkage core is connected to the lift rod cylinder pair, and an upper limit portion and a lower limit portion of the linkage core are further provided on the lift rod.
13. The spreader of any one of claims 9-12, wherein the actuatable arm clamp reset device comprises an angular travel actuator and a reset enabling module for driving the angular travel actuator to reset to an initial included angle in an enabling control mode and forming a revolute pair in a disabling control mode; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
the enabling type clamp arm resetting device comprises a telescopic rod and a resetting enabling module, wherein the resetting enabling module is used for driving the telescopic rod to reset to an initial length in an enabling control mode, and enabling the telescopic rod to form flexible connection in a disabling control mode.
14. The spreader of claim 13, wherein the telescoping rod is a straight travel hydraulic cylinder; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
the telescopic rod is a straight travel pneumatic cylinder; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
the telescopic rod comprises a reset spring, a second traction rope and a traction mechanism, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with one end of the second traction rope, the second traction rope is led out from the other end of the reset spring and is fixedly connected with a tension output piece of the traction mechanism, the traction mechanism and the second traction rope leading-out end of the reset spring are arranged in a relatively static mode, and the telescopic control module is used for setting the traction length of the traction mechanism; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
The angular travel actuator is an angular travel hydraulic cylinder; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
the angular travel actuator is an angular travel pneumatic cylinder; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
the angle stroke executor includes stiff end, expansion end, reset spring, second tractive rope and traction mechanism, the stiff end with the expansion end revolute pair is connected, reset spring's one end with stiff end fixed connection, reset spring's the other end with expansion end fixed connection, the one end of second tractive rope with the expansion end is connected, the second tractive rope follow the perforation of expansion end draw forth and with traction mechanism's pulling force output piece fixed connection, traction mechanism with the stiff end is static relatively to be set up, flexible control module is used for setting up traction mechanism's tractive length.
15. The spreader of claim 5, wherein the clamp arm is connected to the counterweight base revolute pair, and a rotation axis of the clamp arm and the counterweight base is set to be an a axis, and a normal plane of the a axis passing through a geometric center line of the clamp is set to be an upright plane a;
the two clamping arms are arranged, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to the two clamping arms isβAt 180 deg., or, alternatively,
the clamping arms are at least three, and the included angle of two vertical surfaces A corresponding to any two adjacent clamping arms is less βAll are less than or equal to 180 degrees.
16. The spreader of claim 15, wherein the clamp further comprises a friction bracket, the friction bracket being coupled to the clamp arm revolute pair, the friction bracket and the clamp arm being configured to have a rotational axis I that is parallel to a corresponding axis a of the clamp arm.
17. The spreader of claim 16, wherein the clamp further comprises a friction support return member disposed laterally of the friction support and the pivot of the clip arms, and having opposite ends respectively connected to the friction support and the clip arms.
18. The spreader of claim 15, wherein the clamp further comprises a friction pad coupled to the clamp arm, a friction surface of the friction pad being formed of an elastic layer.
19. A crane comprising a lifting rope, further comprising a spreader as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 18, the lifting rope being fixedly connected to the lifting rod in the direction of the B axis.
CN202310643450.1A 2023-06-01 2023-06-01 Lifting appliance using method, lifting appliance and crane Pending CN116513950A (en)

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CN202310643450.1A CN116513950A (en) 2023-06-01 2023-06-01 Lifting appliance using method, lifting appliance and crane

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CN202310643450.1A CN116513950A (en) 2023-06-01 2023-06-01 Lifting appliance using method, lifting appliance and crane

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117105075A (en) * 2023-09-13 2023-11-24 浙江大众齿轮有限公司 Gear clamp on gear production line

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117105075A (en) * 2023-09-13 2023-11-24 浙江大众齿轮有限公司 Gear clamp on gear production line
CN117105075B (en) * 2023-09-13 2024-04-16 浙江大众齿轮有限公司 Gear clamp on gear production line

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