CN116510881A - Mineral separation process for polymetallic sand tin ore - Google Patents
Mineral separation process for polymetallic sand tin ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN116510881A CN116510881A CN202310224711.6A CN202310224711A CN116510881A CN 116510881 A CN116510881 A CN 116510881A CN 202310224711 A CN202310224711 A CN 202310224711A CN 116510881 A CN116510881 A CN 116510881A
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- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- tin
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- lead
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(S)=S TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052949 galena Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O butylazanium Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+] HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052964 arsenopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+3].[As-] MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005456 ore beneficiation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 107
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 79
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 63
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 14
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910020816 Sn Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUQACMGBLIBRPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zn][Pb][Sn] Chemical compound [Zn][Pb][Sn] RUQACMGBLIBRPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052952 pyrrhotite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001656 zinc mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000668854 Howardia biclavis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K azane;hydrogen sulfate;iron(3+);sulfate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCPUDZUWZDSKMX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- YNTQKXBRXYIAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;butanoate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCC([O-])=O YNTQKXBRXYIAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 marmatite Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a polymetallic placer ore dressing process, which adopts an equal floatable-mixed floatation-gravity separation backwater flow: lead concentrate yield 0.39%, lead grade 16.62% and recovery rate 15.93%; zinc concentrate yield 1.08%, zinc grade 39.32%, zinc recovery 46.92%, and reselection indexes as follows: tin concentrate yield 0.39%, tin 40.57%, tin recovery 51.66%; the yield of low-grade tin concentrate is 0.51%, the tin content is 3.17%, and the tin recovery rate is 5.28%. The beneficiation process recovers lead, zinc and tin in the sand-tin ore, and has high beneficiation index and good beneficiation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to a polymetallic placer mineral separation process.
Background
Tin-lead-zinc ore is a multi-metal sulfide ore, and besides lead, zinc, sulfur and tin, rare noble metals such as silver, cadmium and germanium are associated. The main metallic minerals are galena, marmatite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and cassiterite. There are two main types of flotation processes available for this type of ore:
1. lead-zinc and other floatable-zinc-sulfur mixed floatation separation process
Grinding raw ore to 60% -75% of fineness of-74 mu m, regrinding middling, floating lead sulfide minerals and a part of zinc sulfide minerals with the floatability similar to that of the lead sulfide minerals by using xanthate or black powder under the condition of not adjusting the pH value of ore pulp to obtain lead-zinc mixed concentrate, and then floating and separating the lead concentrate and zinc concentrate by using a lime and zinc sulfate method; activating tailings by copper sulfate, performing mixed flotation by using xanthate to obtain zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate, and performing flotation separation by using lime and cyanide to obtain zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate; and (5) the tailings after the mixed flotation enter a gravity separation mode to recover tin metal. The process has the advantages that the recovery of lead, zinc, silver and tin is considered, and the process has the following defects: the separation efficiency between lead, zinc and sulfur is low, the zinc content in lead concentrate is high, the grade of zinc concentrate is low, and the zinc recovery rate is low; cyanide is adopted in the process, so that the environment is polluted.
2. Fine grinding high alkalinity preferential flotation process
In order to improve the recovery rate of lead concentrate and the index of zinc concentrate, finely grinding the ore to more than 80 percent of minus 74 mu m, adopting a process of high-alkalinity lead mineral flotation by a strong collector, adding enough lime and xanthate, strongly inhibiting newly dissociated pyrite under the high alkalinity of ore pulp with pH more than 12, protecting the surface of the newly dissociated galena by the xanthate, and preferentially floating and recycling lead; activating flotation tailings by copper sulfate, recycling zinc sulfide rough concentrate by using butyl xanthate, and then concentrating the rough concentrate under high-alkali condition to obtain zinc concentrate; concentrating the zinc flotation tailings, activating the tailings by sulfuric acid, and recycling sulfur concentrate by using xanthate; and finally, the tailings enter a gravity separation mode to recover tin metal. The process has the advantages that the grade of lead concentrate and zinc concentrate is high, and the zinc recovery rate is good; the defects are that: lead and silver recovery rates are low; the tin recovery rate is low.
The invention is particularly provided for comprehensively improving the multi-metal separation and recovery efficiency of the sand-tin ore.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a polymetallic sand-tin ore beneficiation process, which adopts the following basic conception:
a polymetallic sand tin ore beneficiation process comprises the following steps:
step 1, grinding and grading: classifying raw ore with the diameter of-2 mm through closed circuit grinding to obtain ore pulp with the diameter of-0.2 mm; wherein the metal minerals in the raw ore comprise sphalerite, stibium, galena, cassiterite, arsenopyrite, pyrite and limonite, and the gangue minerals mainly comprise calcite and quartz; in the raw ore, the grade of tin is 0.30%, the grade of lead is 0.40%, the grade of zinc is 0.90%, and the grade of silver is 31.11g/t; the closed circuit grinding classification in the step 1 adopts a ball mill and a hydrocyclone to form a closed circuit flow for grinding classification.
Step 2 and other floatable flotation: adding 2 to raw ore pulp with the diameter of-0.2 mm # Floating the oil, sulfuric acid, lead nitrate and butyl xanthate, and carrying out primary roughing, primary concentration and secondary scavenging to obtain lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate and primary tailings; the dosage of the medicament is as follows: the dosage of sulfuric acid is 4550g/t, the dosage of copper sulfate is 818g/t, the dosage of sodium sulfide is 585g/t, the dosage of butyl medicine is 818g/t, the dosage of butyl ammonium black medicine is 65g/t, and the dosage of No. 2 oil is 85g/t.
Step 3, floating lead by mixed floatation: carrying out flotation separation on the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate through primary roughing, secondary concentration and secondary scavenging to obtain lead concentrate and zinc-sulfur tailings; the dosage of the medicament is as follows: the recovery rate of lead is highest when the dosage of sodium humate is 208g/t, the dosage of calcium oxide is 890g/t, the dosage of zinc sulfate is 332g/t, the dosage of sodium sulfite is 332g/t, and the dosage of JFR-1 is 312 g/t. In the step 3, the yield of the lead concentrate is 0.34%, the lead grade is 18.53%, the recovery rate is 15.68%, and the silver content of the lead concentrate is 1421g/t.
Step 4, primary tailings are recleaning: the primary tailings in the step 2 are subjected to roughing twice and scavenging twice to obtain flotation tailings and secondary zinc-sulfur concentrate; the dosage of the medicament is as follows: the dosage of sulfuric acid is 5110g/t, the dosage of copper sulfate is 348g/t, the dosage of butyl xanthate is 348g/t, and the dosage of No. 2 oil is 41g/t;
step 5 zinc-sulfur separation: combining the secondary zinc-sulfur concentrate and the zinc-sulfur tailings, and carrying out rough concentration twice and scavenging twice to obtain zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate; the dosage of the medicament is as follows: 120g/t of sodium humate, 7890g/t of calcium oxide, 143g/t of copper sulfate, 61g/t of butyl xanthate and 27g/t of No. 2 oil. In the step 5, the yield of the zinc concentrate is 1.11%, the zinc grade is 41.31%, the zinc recovery rate is 51.10%, and the zinc concentrate contains 217g/t of silver.
And 6, reselection: sieving flotation tailings to obtain +0.074mm materials, -0.074mm+0.038mm materials, and-0.038 mm materials, wherein +0.074mm materials are subjected to twice shaking table reselection, -0.074mm+0.038mm materials are subjected to primary shaking table reselection, middling regrinding and reselection, -0.038mm materials are subjected to primary shaking table reselection by a primary suspension vibration disc concentrating machine, and tin concentrate, secondary tin concentrate and tailings are obtained, wherein the middling concentrate yield is 0.39%, tin content is 40.57%, and tin recovery rate is 51.66%; the yield of low-grade tin concentrate is 0.51%, the tin content is 3.17%, and the tin recovery rate is 5.28%.
And (3) grading raw ore with the diameter of-2 mm by closed circuit grinding to obtain ore pulp with the diameter of-0.2 mm, wherein the raw ore contains metal minerals such as sphalerite, stibium, galena, cassiterite, arsenopyrite, pyrite and limonite, and gangue minerals mainly including calcite and quartz. The ore contains elements of tin, lead and zinc with industrial recovery value, and contains elements of silver and sulfur with comprehensive recovery value. The method comprises the steps of adding No. 2 oil, sulfuric acid, lead nitrate and butyl xanthate into raw ore pulp with the grade of zinc of-0.2 mm for flotation, carrying out rough concentration once and concentration twice for scavenging to obtain lead-zinc mixed concentrate, carrying out mixed flotation separation on the lead-zinc mixed concentrate, carrying out secondary flotation separation on sulfur minerals and tailings, and carrying out a floatable closed circuit test to obtain lead concentrate with the yield of 0.34%, the lead grade of 18.53% and the recovery rate of 15.68%; the yield of the zinc concentrate is 1.11%, the zinc grade is 41.31%, and the recovery rate is 51.10%.
Adding tailings into a suspension vibration disc concentrating machine for re-selecting to obtain tin concentrate, wherein the yield of the tin concentrate is 0.39%, the tin content is 40.57%, and the tin recovery rate is 51.66%; the yield of low-grade tin concentrate is 0.51%, the tin content is 3.17%, and the tin recovery rate is 5.28%.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The invention adopts an equal floatable-mixed floatation flow: the yield of the lead concentrate is 0.34%, the lead grade is 18.53%, the recovery rate is 15.68%, and the silver content of the lead concentrate is 1421g/t; zinc concentrate yield 1.11%, zinc grade 41.31%, zinc recovery 51.10%, zinc concentrate silver 217g/t. And (3) a floatable-mixed floatation backwater flow: lead concentrate yield 0.39%, lead grade 16.62% and recovery rate 15.93%; zinc concentrate yield 1.08%, zinc grade 39.32% and zinc recovery 46.92%. The reselection index is as follows: tin concentrate yield 0.39%, tin 40.57%, tin recovery 51.66%; the yield of low-grade tin concentrate is 0.51%, the tin content is 3.17%, and the tin recovery rate is 5.28%.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples, from which other drawings can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without the inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the iso-floatable-mixed process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the reselection process of the present invention.
It should be noted that these drawings and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate the inventive concept to those skilled in the art by referring to the specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The mining area of the large factory is an old mining area which is produced for over sixty years on a mining scale, and the mining of underground rich ore and high-grade placer tin ore resources is basically finished. In order to prolong the service life of mines and ensure the stable development of enterprises, five placer mining areas such as acid water bay, cold water flushing, old slope-team part, sand apron and Hong Tang which are reserved with a large amount of low-grade placer mineral resources are subjected to resource reserve exploration and verification, mineral separation process exploration test research is carried out, and valuable metals such as tin, lead, zinc, silver and the like are comprehensively recovered.
The core samples are taken from acid water bays and cold water flushing mining areas, and are classified into three mineral samples of high grade (containing more than 0.35 percent of tin), medium grade (containing 0.35 percent to 0.15 percent of tin) and low grade (containing less than 0.15 percent of tin) for airing respectively, crushing to 2mm granularity, piling, weighing, sampling and testing respectively. According to the test results of the high, medium and low ore samples, total samples with tin content of about 0.3-0.35% are prepared, and the total weight is 850 kg. And uniformly mixing and dividing the total sample, and separating out raw ore multi-element analysis sample, rock ore identification, granularity analysis sample and total backup sample, wherein the test raw ore sample is 800 g/part.
The chemical multi-element analysis of the raw ore is shown in table 1, the composition analysis of the raw ore is shown in table 2, the phase analysis of main elements of the raw ore is shown in table 3, and the particle size analysis of the crushed raw ore to-2 mm is shown in table 4.
TABLE 1 Multi-element analysis results of raw ore (%)
| Element(s) | Sn | Pb | Zn | Sb | S | As | C |
| Content of | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.90 | 0.33 | 3.04 | 0.29 | 2.22 |
| Element(s) | Fe | SiO 2 | Ca0 | In | Ag | ||
| Content of | 7.03 | 50.79 | 5.10 | 0 | 31.11 |
Ag is in g/t.
TABLE 2 analysis of raw mineral composition (%)
| Mineral name | Cassiterite | Zinc blende ore | Jamesonite-type ore | Galena mine | Lead-iron alum | Toxic sand |
| Content of | 0.35 | 1.34 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.48 | 0.63 |
| Mineral name | Pyrrhotite iron ore | Pyrite (pyrite) | Calcite | Quartz | Others | Totalizing |
| Content of | 3.86 | 13.69 | 9.11 | 50.79 | 19.59 | 100.00 |
TABLE 3 results of analysis of main element phases of raw ore (%)
From the object phase analysis results, it can be seen that: 1. the lead sulfide in the lead mineral accounts for 22.22 percent, and the lead oxide accounts for 77.78 percent.
2. The zinc mineral contains 64.44% zinc sulfide and 30.00% zinc oxide.
TABLE 4 raw ore crushing to-2 mm particle size analysis result (%)
From the analysis results of the raw ore with the granularity of-2 mm, it is known that: the raw ore contains 51.24 percent of-0.074 mm and 31.70 percent of-0.019 mm, and the mineral sample has high mud content, thus increasing the difficulty of sorting.
The small knot:
1) The sand-tin ore minerals in large factories and mining areas have complex composition, lower grade, high oxidation degree and difficult separation. The main metal minerals in the ore are sphalerite, stibium, galena, cassiterite, arsenopyrite, pyrite and limonite, and the gangue minerals are calcite and quartz. The ore contains elements of tin, lead and zinc with industrial recovery value, and contains elements of silver and sulfur with comprehensive recovery value.
2) Zinc appears as sphalerite, black, irregular granular particles, brittle conchioidal fractures, opaque. Zinc sulfide accounts for 64.44% of the zinc minerals.
3) Antimony is present in the form of stibium-oxide, which is present in the form of black, dark grey, monomers, and is mostly distributed in finer fractions.
4) Lead mainly appears in the forms of galena, lead iron alum and the like, the galena is distributed in each particle size, and the particles are yellow brown, round-corner-shaped, nonmagnetic and have conchioidal fracture. The lead sulfide in the lead mineral accounts for 22.22 percent, and the lead oxide accounts for 77.78 percent. Therefore, the recovery of lead minerals is difficult.
5) The content of-0.074 mm in the raw ore with the thickness of 2mm reaches 51.24 percent, the content of-0.019 mm is higher than 31.70 percent, the mud content of the ore sample is high, and the recovery and the selection difficulty of useful metals are increased.
6) The test ore sample of the sand-tin ore is not original sand-tin ore, and the data that the content of minus 0.074mm is very high and the lead oxide and lead iron vanadium in the ore sample reach 77.78 percent in the screening result of the raw ore of minus 2mm prove that part of minerals in the core ore sample are the selected tailings.
According to the research result of the properties of the raw ore, the mineral separation technology for separating tin-lead-zinc ores in large factories and mines is combined, and the principle of the test scheme is as follows: mainly recovering tin, lead and zinc, and comprehensively recovering silver and sulfur. The test is intended to carry out the "heavy-float-heavy" and "float-heavy" principle flows for recovering tin, lead, zinc, silver, sulfur. The test is to pre-perform a pre-re-polishing waste operation test, and a flotation flow is performed after the pre-polishing waste operation test is determined; the flotation operation is carried out by two schemes of a mixed flotation process and an equal floatable-mixed flotation process, and the two schemes are as follows:
(1) And (3) mixing and floating flow: exploring and determining the flotation inclusion granularity: pre-screening and grinding raw ore with the particle size of 2mm to the particle size of-0.3 mm and-0.2 mm for a sulfide ore floatation test to determine the selected particle size; carrying out desliming condition test; a condition test of the flotation reagent; performing closed circuit test under the optimal condition to obtain lead concentrate, zinc concentrate, sulfur concentrate and flotation tailings; and (5) re-separating the flotation tailings to obtain tin concentrate.
(2) Iso-floatable-mixed-float flow: taking the optimal condition of each reagent in the mixed flotation process as an equal floatable-mixed flotation process reference, performing partial adjustment, and performing a closed circuit test after obtaining the optimal reagent condition to obtain lead concentrate, zinc concentrate, sulfur concentrate and flotation tailings; and (5) re-separating the flotation tailings to obtain tin concentrate.
Because the ore sample used in the test is a core ore sample of the placer resource investigation, the weight of the prepared sample is too small to meet the requirements of the jigging waste throwing test, and the jigging waste throwing test cannot be carried out, the front re-throwing waste throwing test only carries out the spiral waste throwing test.
Test conditions: -pre-desliming of 2mm raw ore using a spiral classifier, desliming results such as 5; the returned sand enters a spiral ore pass for separation to obtain spiral rough concentrate, middling and tailing; the spiral tailings are desliming by a 0.074mm sieve. The results of the spiral run condition test are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 5 results of preliminary desliming by spiral classifier (%)
TABLE 6 spiral run condition test results (%)
The spiral experiment result shows that: (1) when the concentration of ore pulp is 25 percent and the treatment capacity is 286Kg/h, the operation recovery rates of tin, lead and zinc are 23.56 percent, 23.46 percent and 33.89 percent respectively, and the loss rate is the lowest. Thus, this condition was used as a parameter for the feed. (2) The grade ranges of tin, lead and zinc in tailings of each group of spiral running condition test are respectively between 0.13 and 0.16 percent, between 0.17 and 0.22 percent and between 0.56 and 0.66 percent, and the grade is higher than that of raw ores.
Feeding test conditions: the raw ore with the diameter of 2mm is subjected to desliming in advance by using a spiral classifier, returned sand enters spiral slide for separation, the ore feeding concentration is 25%, and the treatment capacity is 286Kg/h.
Obtaining spiral rough concentrate, middlings and tailings; the tailings are desliming by a 0.074mm sieve, the final tailings are sieved, and the sludge is sieved. The results of the feeding test are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 spiral feed test results (%)
1) The raw ore with the diameter of 2mm is subjected to desliming in advance by using a spiral classifier, returned sand enters spiral slip for separation, the concentration of the optimal ore feeding condition for spiral slip separation is 25%, the treatment capacity is 286Kg/h, the yield of discarded tailings of the raw ore is 19.96%, the grades of tin, lead and zinc are 0.14%, 0.22% and 0.51%, and the loss rates of tin, lead and zinc are 6.14%, 14.67% and 9.18% after one-time separation.
2) From the result of the spiral waste throwing and feeding test, the spiral waste throwing has a certain effect on the raw ore, but the tailings in spiral waste throwing are higher in grade than the raw ore tin, lead and zinc in grade by 0.30%, 0.40% and 0.90%, and particularly lead loss is larger. Therefore, the spiral device is reused as waste throwing device, and the feasibility in production is low.
3) And determining the flotation process of the test to use a 'floating-heavy' principle process according to the result of the spiral polishing waste test.
From the raw ore mill to-0.2 mm particle size analysis results, it is known that: the content of-0.074 mm in the mineral sample is 88.29%, wherein the content of-0.010 mm is more up to 31.10%, and the mud content in the mineral sample is high. This fraction of mud has a great influence on flotation. Measuring the specific gravity of the mineral sample, and calculating the sedimentation time taking-0.010 mm as the final desliming granularity; the sedimentation time and the extraction times of each extraction are fixed as test condition variables. The results of the desliming test for the number of extraction are shown in Table 8.
Table 8 desliming test results (%)
The test results show that: (1) Under the same medicament condition, lead and zinc dequeuing rate indexes are not greatly different; the lead grade in the ore slime is the same as the grade of the raw ore, and the zinc grade is slightly lower than the grade of the raw ore;
(2) As the number of extraction increases, the yield of the slime increases, and the lead-zinc loss rate increases; every 1 yield increase, 1 recovery rate of lead loss and 0.76 recovery rate of zinc loss;
(3) Considering the lead-zinc loss rate and the influence factors of the ore slime on the selection, the desliming yield is controlled to be about 5 percent.
The results of the reagent condition test of sulfuric acid in-0.3 mm and-0.2 mm selected particle sizes revealed that: the optimal dosage of the sulfuric acid medicament is 4290g/t. A verification test of the sulfuric acid dosage of-0.2 mm of the selected granularity is carried out, the sulfuric acid dosage verification test result is shown in Table 9, and the open circuit test flow is shown in FIG. 1.
The open-circuit test result of the sulfuric acid dosage verification shows that the lead and zinc recovery rate is highest when the sulfuric acid dosage is 4220g/t, and the best dosage of the sulfuric acid medicament in the granularity test selected from-0.3 mm and-0.2 mm is identical to 4290g/t.
TABLE 9 sulfuric acid dosage test results (%)
The results of the copper sulfate usage test are shown in Table 10.
The test result of the copper sulfate dosage shows that: when the copper sulfate dosage is 735g/t, the recovery rate of lead and zinc reaches the peak value.
TABLE 10 copper sulfate dosage test results (%)
To improve lead recovery, lead nitrate open circuit tests were performed, which showed that: the dosage of the added lead nitrate ranges from 484g/t to 630g/t, the lead recovery is not obviously improved, and the effect of activating the lead oxide is not achieved. The results of the lead nitrate open circuit test are shown in Table 11.
TABLE 11 results of lead nitrate dosage test (%)
And (3) carrying out a butyl xanthate, butyl xanthate and butylammonium black drug combined dosage test on the basis of the dosage test of sulfuric acid and copper sulfate agents.
1. The results of the butyl xanthate dosage test are shown in Table 12. The butyl xanthate dosage test results show that the preferable dosage of the butyl xanthate is 573g/t.
Table 12 results of butyl yellow drug dosage test (%)
2. And testing the combined dosage of butyl xanthate and butylammonium black drug. The test results are shown in tables 4-16. The test result of the combined dosage of butyl xanthate and butyl ammonium black drug shows that the butyl xanthate dosage is 692g/t and the butyl ammonium black drug dosage is 104g/t, which is the best.
The results of the sodium sulfide dosage test are shown in Table 13. The test result of the sodium sulfide dosage shows that the sodium sulfide dosage is preferably 593g/t.
TABLE 13 sodium sulfide dosage test results (%)
The conditions for the open circuit verification test for the optimal combination of each agent are: the dosage of sulfuric acid is 4550g/t, the dosage of copper sulfate is 818g/t, the dosage of sodium sulfide is 585g/t, the dosage of butyl medicine is 818g/t, the dosage of butyl ammonium black medicine is 65g/t, and the dosage of No. 2 oil is 85g/t. The test results are shown in Table 14.
TABLE 14 results of open circuit test of optimal agent combinations (%)
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The medicament conditions of the fixed mixing and floating flow are as follows: the mixed concentrate is obtained by using 4550g/t of sulfuric acid, 818g/t of copper sulfate, 585g/t of sodium sulfide, 818g/t of butyl ammonium black, 65g/t of butyl ammonium black and 85g/t of No. 2 oil. And (5) carrying out lead-zinc separation condition test on the mixed concentrate. The results of the lead zinc separating agent YS-1 test are shown in Table 15.
From the test results of the zinc inhibitor YS-1 agent, it can be seen that: with the continuous increase of the dosage, the zinc-containing grade and recovery rate in the lead rough concentrate are not obviously reduced, and the zinc inhibition effect is not good.
TABLE 15YS-1 dose test results (%)
The lead-zinc separation inhibitor of the mixed concentrate is mainly used for carrying out the experiments of the dosage of sodium humate, lime, zinc sulfate, sodium sulfite and JFR-1 medicaments, and the experimental results are shown in Table 16.
The test results of the mixing amount of the inhibitor can be shown as follows: when the dosage of the medicament is 348g/t of sodium humate, 5360g/t of lime, 456g/t of zinc sulfate, 456g/t of sodium sulfite and 362g/t of JFR-1, the zinc-containing grade and recovery rate in the lead rough concentrate are obviously reduced, and the zinc inhibition effect is better.
Table 16 results of inhibitor dosage test (%)
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Aiming at the lower recovery rate of lead in the lead-zinc separation of the bulk concentrate, the condition test of regrinding the bulk concentrate is carried out under the same medicament condition. The test results are shown in Table 17.
From the test results, it can be seen that: compared with the mixed concentrate which is ground for two minutes and is not ground, the lead grade and recovery rate of the lead rough concentrate are not obviously improved.
Table 17 test results of regrind conditions of bulk concentrate (%)
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And (3) carrying out a closed-loop test of mixing floatation of sulphide ores and lead-zinc separation on the basis of the condition test. The closed-loop test index of the mixed floating flow is shown in table 18.
The mixed flotation closed circuit test obtains lead concentrate and zinc concentrate with the yield of 0.37 percent and 0.93 percent respectively, lead grade and zinc grade of 10.89 percent and 42.13 percent respectively, and recovery rate of 10.26 percent and 43.60 percent respectively.
Table 18 Total index (%)
And (3) performing a condition test of adding an activator sodium sulfide in rough scavenging, adding an activator sodium sulfide in zinc sulfur flotation scavenging and adding copper sulfate in zinc sulfur flotation in a floatable process, and mainly investigating the effect of the activator sodium sulfide. The test results are shown in Table 19.
TABLE 19 results of tests on the amounts of butyl drug, sodium sulfide and copper sulfate (%)
The test results show that: the floatable coarse scavenging additive activator sodium sulfide and the zinc-sulfur floatation scavenging additive activator sodium sulfide have no obvious recovery effect on lead and zinc.
The test mainly investigated the effect of lead nitrate. The test results are shown in Table 20.
Table 20 and other floatable lead nitrate dosage test results (%)
The test results show that: (1) When the lead nitrate consumption reaches 300g/t, the lead recovery rate is highest; (2) And a small amount of ammonium butyrate black medicine is added in the floatable roughing, under the condition that the total dosage of the collecting agents is the same, the lead recovery rate is ensured, but part of zinc with good floatability is also mixed in the lead concentrate along with the floatation of the lead, the zinc grade of the lead concentrate is increased, the lead and zinc separation is difficult, and the zinc recovery rate is affected.
The test mainly examines the effect of the combination of the roughing zinc-sulfur inhibitor in the lead operation. The test results are shown in Table 21.
TABLE 21 results of lead working zinc sulfur inhibitor combination dose test (%)
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The test results show that: the recovery rate of lead is highest when the dosage of sodium humate is 208g/t, zinc sulfate is 332g/t, sodium sulfite is 332g/t and JFR-1 is 312 g/t.
Based on the condition test, the equal floating closed circuit test is carried out. The test index is shown in Table 22.
The lead concentrate obtained by the iso-floatable closed circuit test has the yield of 0.34 percent, the lead grade of 18.53 percent and the recovery rate of 15.68 percent; the yield of the zinc concentrate is 1.11%, the zinc grade is 41.31%, and the recovery rate is 51.10%.
Floating closed test index (%)
The dosage and cost of the reagents for the closed test of the mixed floating process and the floatable process are shown in Table 23.
TABLE 23 dosage and cost table
Note that: the price of the medicament is the price of the medicament entering the factory in the car and river factory.
The flotation is carried out in a mixed flotation process and two test process flows of a floatable-mixed flotation process, and the summary of flotation test indexes is shown in a table 24.
Table 24 closed circuit test index (%)
The test results of the two process flows of the mixed floating flow and the equal floatable-mixed floating flow show that: the floatable flow is superior to the mixed flow in terms of test indexes, and the cost of the medicament is not greatly changed.
According to the test result of the flotation process, flotation tailings of the floatable process, such as-0.2 mm in-separation granularity, are used as ore samples of the gravity process. The tin content in the ore sample is 0.33%, the yield of the ore sample to the crude ore is 77.20%, and the tin recovery rate is 83.68%.
The flotation tailing ore samples of the floatable flow are screened into three particle sizes of +0.074mm, +0.038mm and-0.038 mm, the ore samples of +0.074mm and +0.038mm are separated by a shaking table, and the ore samples of-0.038 mm are respectively subjected to experimental research of two separating equipment of a shaking bed and a suspension vibration disc concentrator.
The test results of the micro-fine mud shaking table are shown in table 25, the test results of the conditions of the suspension vibration disc concentrator are shown in table 26, and the optimal condition feeding results are shown in table 27.
Table 25-0.038 mm mineral sample shaker test results (%)
Table 26-0.038 mm mineral sample suspension vibration disk concentrator test results (%)
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Table 27-0.038 mm mineral sample suspension vibration disk concentrator best condition feeding results (%)
The experimental research results of two sorting devices of the ore sample with the diameter of 0.038mm, namely the rock bed and the suspension vibration disc concentrator, show that: the operation recovery rate of the ore sample of-0.038 mm processed by using the suspension vibration disc ore dressing machine is higher than that of the ore sample of-0.038 mm processed by using the shaking disc ore dressing machine.
The total indexes of the flotation tailings in the floatable process are shown in table 28, and the sorting process is shown in fig. 2.
Table 28 reselection Total indicator (%)
Chemical multi-element analysis is carried out by adopting the comprehensive products of the equal floatable flow, and the analysis results of lead and zinc concentrates are shown in tables 29 and 30.
Table 29 results of chemical Multi-element analysis of lead concentrate (%)
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Ag is in g/t.
TABLE 30 chemical multi-element analysis results of zinc concentrate (%)
| Element(s) | Sn | Pb | Zn | Sb | S |
| Content of | 0.35 | 1.54 | 41.26 | 0.77 | 29.18 |
| Element(s) | As | Cd | Fe | Ag | |
| Content of | 0.20 | 0.31 | 8.35 | 217.25 |
Ag is in g/t.
The product of the floatable flow is subjected to product particle size analysis, and the result of the product particle size analysis of the flotation tailings of 0.2mm is shown in table 31.
TABLE 31-0.2 mm flotation tailings particle size analysis results (%)
| Product name | Yield rate | Tin grade | Tin distribution ratio |
| +0.074 | 12.12 | 0.43 | 15.97 |
| Water out +0.074 | 10.15 | 0.87 | 27.05 |
| 0.037 | 15.33 | 0.41 | 19.25 |
| 0.019 | 16.84 | 0.29 | 14.96 |
| 0.010 | 39.24 | 0.17 | 20.44 |
| -0.010 | 6.32 | 0.12 | 2.33 |
| Totalizing | 100.00 | 0.33 | 100.00 |
1) The sand-tin ore minerals in large factories and mining areas have complex composition, lower grade, high oxidation degree and difficult separation. The main metal minerals in the ore are sphalerite, stibium, galena, cassiterite, arsenopyrite, pyrite and limonite, and the gangue minerals are calcite and quartz. The ore contains elements of tin, lead and zinc with industrial recovery value, and contains elements of silver and sulfur with comprehensive recovery value. Comprehensive grade of test sample: tin 0.30%, lead 0.40%, zinc 0.90%, silver 31.11g/t.
2) Questions and notes:
(1) The lead sulfide in the lead mineral of the placer is only 22.22 percent, and the lead oxide, lead iron and vanadium are 77.78 percent; because of the consideration of the recovery of cassiterite, no oxidized ore collectors could be added during the test. Therefore, the recovery of lead minerals is difficult.
(2) The content of-0.074 mm in the raw ore with the thickness of 2mm reaches 51.24%, wherein the content of-0.019 mm reaches 31.70%, the mud content of the ore sample is high, and the recovery and the selection difficulty of various useful metals are increased.
3) The flotation test indexes are as follows:
iso-floatable-mixed-float flow: the yield of the lead concentrate is 0.34%, the lead grade is 18.53%, the recovery rate is 15.68%, and the silver content of the lead concentrate is 1421g/t; zinc concentrate yield 1.11%, zinc grade 41.31%, zinc recovery 51.10%, zinc concentrate silver 217g/t.
4) The reselection index is as follows: tin concentrate yield 0.39%, tin 40.57%, tin recovery 51.66%; the yield of low-grade tin concentrate is 0.51%, the tin content is 3.17%, and the tin recovery rate is 5.28%.
5) The proposed production flow adopts an 'equal floatable-mixed floatation separation-reselection' technological flow.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but is to be construed as limiting the invention to any and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and adaptations of the embodiments described above, which are within the scope of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polymetallic sand tin ore beneficiation process comprises the following steps:
step 1, grinding and grading: classifying raw ore with the diameter of-2 mm through closed circuit grinding to obtain ore pulp with the diameter of-0.2 mm;
wherein the metal minerals in the raw ore comprise sphalerite, stibium, galena, cassiterite, arsenopyrite, pyrite and limonite, and the gangue minerals mainly comprise calcite and quartz;
step 2 and other floatable flotation: adding 2 to raw ore pulp with the diameter of-0.2 mm # Floating the oil, sulfuric acid, lead nitrate and butyl xanthate, and carrying out primary roughing, primary concentration and secondary scavenging to obtain lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate and primary tailings;
step 3, floating lead by mixed floatation: carrying out flotation separation on the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate through primary roughing, secondary concentration and secondary scavenging to obtain lead concentrate and zinc-sulfur tailings;
step 4, primary tailings are recleaning: the primary tailings in the step 2 are subjected to roughing twice and scavenging twice to obtain flotation tailings and secondary zinc-sulfur concentrate;
step 5 zinc-sulfur separation: combining the secondary zinc-sulfur concentrate and the zinc-sulfur tailings, and carrying out rough concentration twice and scavenging twice to obtain zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate;
and 6, reselection: the flotation tailings are screened to obtain +0.074mm materials, -0.074mm+0.038mm materials and-0.038 mm materials, the +0.074mm materials are subjected to twice shaking table reselection, -0.074mm+0.038mm materials are subjected to primary shaking table reselection, middling regrinding and reselection, -0.038mm materials are subjected to reselection through a primary suspension vibration disc concentrating machine, and tin concentrate, secondary tin concentrate and tailings are obtained through primary shaking table reselection.
2. The multi-metal sand tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in the raw ore, the grade of tin is 0.30%, the grade of lead is 0.40%, the grade of zinc is 0.90%, and the grade of silver is 31.11g/t.
3. The multi-metal sand tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein the closed circuit grinding classification in the step 1 adopts a closed circuit process formed by combining a ball mill and a hydrocyclone to perform grinding classification.
4. The polymetallic sand-tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the dosage of the agent is: the dosage of sulfuric acid is 4550g/t, the dosage of copper sulfate is 818g/t, the dosage of sodium sulfide is 585g/t, the dosage of butyl medicine is 818g/t, the dosage of butyl ammonium black medicine is 65g/t, and the dosage of No. 2 oil is 85g/t.
5. The polymetallic sand-tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the dosage of the agent is: the recovery rate of lead is highest when the dosage of sodium humate is 208g/t, the dosage of calcium oxide is 890g/t, the dosage of zinc sulfate is 332g/t, the dosage of sodium sulfite is 332g/t, and the dosage of JFR-1 is 312 g/t.
6. The polymetallic sand-tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the dosage of the agent is: the dosage of sulfuric acid is 5110g/t, the dosage of copper sulfate is 348g/t, the dosage of butyl xanthate is 348g/t, and the dosage of No. 2 oil is 41g/t.
7. The polymetallic sand-tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the dosage of the agent is: 120g/t of sodium humate, 7890g/t of calcium oxide, 143g/t of copper sulfate, 61g/t of butyl xanthate and 27g/t of No. 2 oil.
8. The multi-metal sand tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the lead concentrate yield is 0.34%, the lead grade is 18.53%, the recovery rate is 15.68%, and the lead concentrate contains 1421g/t of silver.
9. The multi-metal sand tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the yield of zinc concentrate is 1.11%, the zinc grade is 41.31%, the zinc recovery rate is 51.10%, and the zinc concentrate contains 217g/t of silver.
10. The multi-metal sand tin ore dressing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, the yield of tin concentrate is 0.39%, the tin content is 40.57%, and the tin recovery rate is 51.66%; the yield of low-grade tin concentrate is 0.51%, the tin content is 3.17%, and the tin recovery rate is 5.28%.
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