CN116500816A

CN116500816A - Liquid crystal display and display device

Info

Publication number: CN116500816A
Application number: CN202210065121.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任亮亮; 宋冠男; 赵洪宇; 周星; 郑丁杰; 王营营; 陈庚; 崔婷; 陈芪飞
Original assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Fuzhou BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Fuzhou BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-18
Filing date: 2022-01-18
Publication date: 2023-07-28

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, and discloses a liquid crystal display and a display device. Comprises a liquid crystal box, a backlight source, a collimation layer, an adjusting layer and a driving mechanism; the collimating layer is arranged between the liquid crystal box and the backlight source, and is provided with a shading area and a plurality of light transmission areas defined by the shading area; the adjusting layer is arranged between the collimating layer and the liquid crystal box, and a plurality of diffuse reflection units are arranged on the adjusting layer; the driving mechanism is connected with the adjusting layer and is used for driving the adjusting layer to move, so that the diffuse reflection unit on the adjusting layer is located in the light transmission area or the shading area on the collimation layer. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme can effectively reduce the peeping-preventing control difficulty and cost of the liquid crystal display.

Description

Liquid crystal display and display device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal display and a display device.

Background

With the continuous development of display technology, the viewing angle of the display panel is larger and larger, but the display screen is easier to be peeped by other people, which causes inconvenience to users. At present, a switchable peep-proof effect is usually realized by adding a PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) into a backlight and matching with a peep-proof film, and in actual manufacturing, different astigmatism effects are realized by controlling liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC through an electric field, so that the control difficulty is increased, and the cost is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems of high control difficulty and high cost in the peeping prevention process of the liquid crystal display, the main purpose of the application is to provide the liquid crystal display and the display device which are low in control difficulty and low in cost.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal cell, a backlight, a collimating layer, an adjusting layer, and a driving mechanism;

the collimating layer is arranged between the liquid crystal box and the backlight source, and is provided with a shading area and a plurality of light transmission areas defined by the shading area;

the adjusting layer is arranged between the collimating layer and the liquid crystal box, and is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units;

the driving mechanism is connected with the adjusting layer and is used for driving the adjusting layer to move, so that the diffuse reflection unit on the adjusting layer is located in the light-transmitting area or the light-shielding area on the collimation layer.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the diffuse reflection unit has a diffuse reflection surface, and the diffuse reflection surface is a convex surface protruding relative to the adjusting layer or a concave surface recessed relative to the adjusting layer.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the diffuse reflection unit includes a plurality of reflective particles, where the reflective particles are transparent particles or microlenses, and the plurality of reflective particles are distributed on the diffuse reflection surface.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the adjusting layer includes a substrate, a plurality of diffuse reflection units are disposed on the surface of the substrate at intervals, and the refractive index of the substrate is equal to the refractive index of the diffuse reflection units.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the material of the substrate is a high light-transmitting material.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the light shielding region includes a plurality of first light shielding portions and a plurality of second light shielding portions, the plurality of first light shielding portions are disposed at equal intervals along a first direction, and the plurality of second light shielding portions are disposed at equal intervals along a second direction, so as to limit the plurality of light transmitting regions to be distributed in the collimating layer in a rectangular array.

According to an embodiment of the present application, in a top-view orthographic projection direction, a width of a space between adjacent diffuse reflection units is a, a width of the diffuse reflection units is B, a width of the light-transmitting area is C, and a width of the light-shielding area is D, wherein: a is more than or equal to C, and D is more than or equal to B.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the method includes: the alignment layer is fixed in the frame, a spacing area is arranged between the periphery of the adjusting layer and the inner side of the frame, and the driving mechanism is arranged between the adjusting layer and the frame so as to drive the adjusting layer to move in the spacing area relative to the frame.

According to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the driving mechanism comprises:

the magnetic attraction piece is arranged on the adjusting layer;

and the electromagnetic piece is arranged on the frame and used for adsorbing or releasing the magnetic piece.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the plurality of light-transmitting regions in the collimating layer are in a grating structure.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a display device including the liquid crystal display.

According to the technical scheme, the liquid crystal display and the display device have the advantages that:

after the driving mechanism drives the adjusting layer to move, the light transmitting area corresponds to the diffuse reflection unit, light of the backlight source is transmitted to the diffuse reflection unit through the light transmitting area, the light is diffusely reflected by the diffuse reflection unit, scattered around the diffuse reflection unit and transmitted to the liquid crystal box to display the outside, and a sharing state is formed; when the diffuse reflection area is in the shading area, light passes through the light transmission area and then is transmitted to the adjusting layer, and the diffuse reflection unit does not play a role at the moment, so that the light transmission path of the light is not changed, and the light transmitted to the liquid crystal box is in a peep-proof state due to the influence of the shading area and the light transmission area in the collimating layer, and then the peep-proof state and the sharing state of the liquid crystal display are switched through the driving mechanism.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an adjusting layer in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an adjusting layer in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a partially enlarged structure of an adjusting layer in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a peep-proof state according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a peep-proof state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a sharing state according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a liquid crystal display in a sharing state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a collimating layer in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a top front projection direction of a collimation layer in a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a top front projection direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an lcd according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a top-view orthographic projection direction of an adjustment layer;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a peep-proof state in a top-down orthographic projection direction according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a shared state in a top front projection direction according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is another schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a shared state in a top front projection direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 16 is another schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a peep-proof state in a top-down front projection direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 17 is another schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display in a peep-proof state in a top-down orthographic projection direction according to an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

10. a liquid crystal cell; 20. a backlight;

30. a collimation layer; 31. a light shielding region; 311. a first light shielding portion; 312. a second light shielding portion; 32. a light transmission region;

40. a regulating layer; 41. a diffuse reflection unit; 411. reflective particles; 42. a light transmitting unit; 43. a substrate;

50. a driving mechanism; 51. a magnetic attraction piece; 52. an electromagnetic member; 53. an elastic member;

60. a first direction; 70. a second direction; 80. a substrate; 90. a frame; 91. a spacer.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.

With the continuous development of display technology, the viewing angle of the display panel is larger and larger, but the display screen is easier to be peeped by other people, which causes inconvenience to users. At present, a switchable peep-proof effect is usually realized by adding a PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) into a backlight and matching with a peep-proof film, and in actual manufacturing, different astigmatism effects are realized by controlling liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC through an electric field, so that the control difficulty is increased, and the cost is higher. The conventional adjusting layer 40 made of PDLC material needs to form an electric field between two electrodes by setting the electrodes, so as to adjust liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC to realize switchable peep-proof effect, the surface of the PDLC is easy to store pits, and the PDLC and the peep-proof film are easy to adsorb, so that the peep-proof effect is poor, the cost of the peep-proof film and the PDLC is high, the control structure is complex, and the use of the peep-proof liquid crystal display is greatly limited.

In order to solve the technical problems of high control difficulty and high cost in the peep prevention process of the liquid crystal display in the prior art, according to one aspect of the application, a liquid crystal display is provided, which comprises a liquid crystal box 10, a backlight 20, a collimation layer 30, an adjusting layer 40 and a driving mechanism 50;

the collimating layer 30 is disposed between the liquid crystal cell 10 and the backlight 20, the collimating layer 30 being provided with a light shielding region 31 and a plurality of light transmitting regions 32 defined by the light shielding region 31;

the adjustment layer 40 is disposed between the alignment layer 30 and the liquid crystal cell 10, and the adjustment layer 40 is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units 41;

the driving mechanism 50 is connected to the adjusting layer 40, and is used for driving the adjusting layer 40 to move, so that the diffuse reflection unit 41 on the adjusting layer 40 is located in the light-transmitting area 32 or the light-shielding area 31 on the collimating layer 30.

After the driving mechanism 50 drives the adjusting layer 40 to move, the light transmitting area 32 corresponds to the diffuse reflection unit 41, and then the light of the backlight 20 is transmitted to the diffuse reflection unit 41 through the light transmitting area 32, the light is diffusely reflected by the diffuse reflection unit 41, scattered around the diffuse reflection unit 41, and transmitted to the liquid crystal box 10 to display the outside, so as to form a sharing state; when the diffuse reflection area is in the light shielding area 31, light passes through the light transmitting area 32 and then is transmitted to the adjusting layer 40, and since the diffuse reflection unit 41 does not function at this time, the light transmission path does not change, and the light transmitted to the liquid crystal box 10 is in the peep-proof state due to the influence of the light shielding area 31 and the light transmitting area 32 in the collimating layer 30, and then the peep-proof state and the sharing state of the liquid crystal display are switched through the driving mechanism 50.

The current stage peep-proof display is to add PDLC and match the peep-proof membrane through the backlight and realize switchable peep-proof effect, but have defects such as pitting and absorption, and the cost is high, another mode is to add SVC cell and match the collimation light source to realize (if do not match the collimation light, the peep-proof effect is not good), but the prism collimation light has the red scheduling problem of big visual angle, and the peep-proof effect is not good, if change into the peep-proof membrane, the cost will promote by a wide margin, above 2 schemes are all realized through the switching of peep-proof and sharing of automatically controlled mode, while having promoted the cost, also increased the consumption, only can realize the peep-proof of one side visual angle in the strict sense of current scheme simultaneously, can only play the peep-proof effect in the left and right directions under the peep-proof state, the upper and lower visual angles do not have the peep-proof effect.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 5 to fig. 8, as an example, in the peep-proof state, the light emitted by the backlight 20 passes through the collimation layer 30, the light-shielding region 31 absorbs the light, and blocks the light from propagating from the light-shielding region 31, so that the light can only pass through the positions of the light-transmitting regions 32 defined by the light-shielding region 31, and at this time, the diffuse reflection unit 41 is located at the position of the light-shielding region 31, so that the light passes through the adjustment layer 40 directly without being diffusely reflected, and the adjustment layer 40 is made of a high light-transmitting material, such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) material, and the light propagates onto the liquid crystal box 10 as collimated light, so that the liquid crystal box 10 has the peep-proof effect when displaying the outside.

The light shielding regions 31 may be parallel slits with equal width and equal interval and distributed on the collimating layer 30, so that the liquid crystal cell 10 has a peep-proof effect in the up-down or left-right direction during display.

The driving mechanism 50 may drive the adjustment layer 40 to move, so that the adjustment layer 40 may be moved by a set distance to the adjustment layer 40, so that the diffuse reflection unit 41 may correspond to the light-transmitting area 32 in a sharing state, and correspond to the light-shielding area 31 in a peep-proof state, and when the light-shielding area 31 is in a parallel slit with equal width and equal interval, the parallel slit is distributed in the collimation layer 30, and the driving mechanism 50 may drive the adjustment layer 40 to move by an interval width adjacent to the light-shielding area 31, so as to facilitate adjustment and control of the position of the diffuse reflection unit 41, further simplify control cost, and reduce manufacturing cost in actual use.

As an example, the smaller the difference between the refractive indexes of the adjusting layer 40 and the collimating layer 30, the integrity of the light during the propagation process is maintained, and the light is collimated to propagate or diffuse reflected by the diffuse reflection unit 41 along a set angle, so as to control the peep-proof angle and the shared azimuth after diffuse reflection.

As an example, the driving mechanism 50 includes an electric push rod, one end of the electric push rod is connected to the adjusting layer 40, and the adjusting layer 40 is driven to move relative to the collimating layer 30 by controlling the expansion and contraction of the electric push rod through a system, so as to adjust the position of the diffuse reflection unit 41 between the light shielding area 31 and the light transmitting area 32, so as to realize the switching between the peep-proof state and the sharing state of the liquid crystal display.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the diffuse reflection unit 41 has a diffuse reflection surface, and the diffuse reflection surface is a convex surface protruding relative to the adjusting layer 40 or a concave surface recessed relative to the adjusting layer 40.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, as an example, the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be disposed in a protruding structure with respect to the adjustment layer 40, the diffuse reflection surface is a protruding surface outside the protruding structure, the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be formed by roughening the surface of the adjustment layer 40 or coating optical ink, and when light passes through the light-transmitting region 32 and the diffuse reflection unit 41, diffuse reflection is generated, so that light can be transmitted to the region of the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the light-shielding region 31, so as to realize a sharing state of the liquid crystal display.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the plurality of light-transmitting regions 32 in the collimating layer 30 have a grating structure. As an example, the grating structure limits the light-transmitting areas 32 to light-transmitting slits with equal intervals, equal width intervals and parallel to each other for the light-shielding area 31, so that the driving mechanism can process the position of the adjusting layer 40 conveniently, and the accuracy of controlling the position of the diffuse reflection unit 41 is improved.

As an example, the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be configured as a concave structure opposite to the adjusting layer 40, the diffuse reflection surface is an outer side surface of the concave structure, and the diffuse reflection unit 41 may perform roughening treatment on the surface of the adjusting layer 40, so that when light passes through the light-transmitting region 32 and the diffuse reflection unit 41, diffuse reflection is generated, so that light can be transmitted to a region of the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the light-shielding region 31, so as to realize a sharing state of the liquid crystal display.

In addition, although the switching type peep preventing effect can be achieved by adding the PDLC together with the peep preventing film through the backlight, the liquid crystal box 10 has pits in the preparation process, and the problem that adsorption is easy to occur between the abutting surfaces of the PDLC and the liquid crystal box 10 is solved, and the cost is high.

As an example, referring to fig. 1 to 8, the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be provided in a convex structure gradually shrinking from the adjustment layer 40 to the liquid crystal cell 10 side, or the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be provided in a concave structure gradually shrinking from the adjustment layer 40 to the backlight 20 side, so that the gradually shrinking diffuse reflection surface improves the diffuse reflection effect of light.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the diffuse reflection unit 41 includes a plurality of reflective particles 411, wherein the reflective particles 411 are transparent particles or micro lenses, and the plurality of reflective particles 411 are distributed on the diffuse reflection surface.

As shown in fig. 4, the reflective particles 411 may be provided as transparent particles or micro lenses to enhance the diffuse reflection effect of the diffuse reflection surface by the reflective particles 411, thereby providing the slow reflection effect of the diffuse reflection unit 41. As an example, the reflective particles may be provided as transparent ink.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the adjusting layer 40 includes a substrate 43, a plurality of the diffuse reflection units 41 are disposed on the surface of the substrate 43 at intervals, and the refractive index of the substrate 43 is equal to the refractive index of the diffuse reflection units 41. As an example, the refractive indexes of the substrate 43 and the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be approximately equal, or the refractive index difference between the refractive index of the substrate 43 and the refractive index of the diffuse reflection unit 41 is smaller than 0.1, so that the light keeps integrity in the propagation process, and the light propagates in a collimated manner or is diffusely reflected by the diffuse reflection unit 41 along a set angle, so as to control the peep-preventing angle and the sharing direction after diffusely reflecting. Furthermore, it is possible to effectively prevent the light having a large angle from the adjusting layer to the diffuse reflection surface from forming total reflection due to the inconsistent refractive index, and preferably, the adjusting layer and the diffuse reflection unit may be made of the same material.

The adjusting layer 40 includes a light-transmitting unit 42, where the light-transmitting unit 42 is disposed between adjacent diffuse reflection units 41, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, and in a peep-proof state, collimated light is formed between the light-transmitting unit 42 and the light-transmitting region 32, and the light-transmitting unit 42 corresponds to the light-transmitting region 32, so as to improve the peep-proof effect of the liquid crystal display.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the sharing state, the diffuse reflection unit 41 moves to a position corresponding to the light-transmitting area 32, so as to improve the diffuse reflection effect of the adjustment layer 40.

Referring to fig. 14, in the sharing state, the light transmitting unit 42 may correspond to the light transmitting area 32 with the plurality of diffuse reflection units 41, and the plurality of diffuse reflection units 41 may be disposed at intervals near the light shielding area 31, so that the light can better cover the shielding between the light shielding area 31 and the liquid crystal cell 10 after being diffusely reflected by the diffuse reflection units 41.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the material of the substrate 43 is a high light-transmitting material. The substrate 43 has a thickness and the transmittance of the high light transmission material is greater than 85%. The high light transmission material can be set as PC or PMMA material, the thickness of the base material 43 is set to be larger than 300um, the collimation of light propagation in the base material 43 can be further improved, PDLC material is not needed, liquid crystal molecules in the material are controlled in a complex manner under the action of an electrode and an electric field, so that the control cost can be effectively reduced, the processing process of switching between a peep-proof state and a sharing state is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the light shielding region 31 includes a plurality of first light shielding portions 311 and a plurality of second light shielding portions 312, the plurality of first light shielding portions 311 are disposed at equal intervals along the first direction 60, and the plurality of second light shielding portions 312 are disposed at equal intervals along the second direction 70, so as to limit the plurality of light transmitting regions 32 to be distributed in a rectangular array on the collimating layer 30.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the first direction 60 and the second direction 70 may be disposed at an angle, for example, the first direction 60 and the second direction 70 may be perpendicular to each other, the first light shielding portion 311 may extend along the second direction 70, the second light shielding portion 312 may extend along the first direction 60, and when the first light shielding portions 311 are disposed at equal intervals and equal widths along the first direction 60, the first light shielding portions 311 may effectively prevent the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the first direction 60 from being peeped, and if the first direction 60 is the direction of the left and right sides of the liquid crystal cell 10, the first light shielding portions 311 may prevent the viewing angle of the left and right sides of the liquid crystal display from being peeped;

meanwhile, the second light shielding portions 312 may be disposed at equal intervals and equal widths along the second direction 70, so that in the peep-proof state, the second light shielding portions 312 may be used to effectively peep-proof the direction of the liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the second direction 70, if the second direction 70 is the direction of the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal cell 10, the second light shielding portions 312 may be used to peep-proof the viewing angles of the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal display, and the first light shielding portions 311 and the second light shielding portions 312 may be used to absorb the light with a large viewing angle, such that in the prior art, the peep-proof layer is a shutter structure, only the left and right viewing angles may be realized, and in the peep-proof state, the light passes through the peep-proof layer to form collimated light, and the microstructure exactly corresponds to the black matrix, such that the collimated light is not affected, and the peep-proof state is realized;

the first light shielding portion 311 and the second light shielding portion 312 limit the light transmission areas 32 to be distributed in the adjustment layer 40 in a rectangular array, in the peep-proof state, in the top view forward projection direction, as shown in fig. 13, the driving mechanism 50 drives the diffuse reflection units 41 to be correspondingly located on the first light shielding portion 311 and the second light shielding portion 312, in the sharing state, the driving mechanism 50 drives the diffuse reflection units 41 to move to the light transmission areas 32, so that the light emitted by the backlight 20 can cover the area of the liquid crystal box 10 corresponding to the first light shielding portion 311 and the second light shielding portion 312 after being subjected to diffuse reflection by the diffuse reflection units 41, and preferably, in the sharing state, as shown in fig. 14, after the driving mechanism 50 drives the adjustment layer 40 to move, the diffuse reflection units 41 are located near the light shielding areas 31, so that the diffuse reflection units can better cover the area of the liquid crystal box 10 after being subjected to diffuse reflection by the diffuse reflection units 41. As an example, the liquid crystal display is rectangular, and the adjusting layer 40, the liquid crystal cell 10, and the collimating layer 30 are all rectangular, so that the driving mechanism 50 may drive the adjusting layer 40 to move along a diagonal direction of the adjusting layer 40, as shown in fig. 14, so that the plurality of diffuse reflection units 41 are located in the light-transmitting area 32 or the shielding area, and after the adjusting layer 40 moves in a smaller position, the diffuse reflection units 41 may be located in the first transmission area after moving and be located near a boundary of the light-shielding area 31, so as to better achieve the sharing effect.

According to an embodiment of the present application, in a top-view orthographic projection direction, a width of an interval between adjacent diffuse reflection units 41 is a, a width of the diffuse reflection units 41 is B, a width of the light-transmitting area 32 is C, and a width of the light-shielding area 31 is D, wherein: a is more than or equal to C, and D is more than or equal to B. Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be further moved into the area corresponding to the light-transmitting area 32 in the sharing state, and in the peep-proof state, the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be completely located in the light-shielding area 31, and the diffuse reflection unit 41 does not affect the collimated light, so as to improve the peep-proof effect.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the method includes:

the base plate 80 is fixed in the frame 90, a spacer 91 is disposed between the outer periphery of the adjusting layer 40 and the inner side of the frame 90, and the driving mechanism 50 is disposed between the base plate 80 and the frame 90, so as to drive the adjusting layer 40 to move in the spacer 91 relative to the frame 90. Referring to fig. 11-17, the collimating layer 30 has a substrate 80, the substrate 80 having a set thickness, and the collimating layer 30 has a thickness of, for example, greater than 300um to improve collimation during light propagation.

The spacing area 91 is an active area of the adjusting layer 40, so that when the driving mechanism 50 drives the diffuse reflection unit 41 to be positioned between the light-transmitting area 32 and the light-shielding area 31, enough space is provided, and the area of the spacing area 91 and the width of the outer periphery of the adjusting layer 40 under the top-view orthographic projection can be adjusted according to actual use conditions and product structures in the field, so as to meet actual use requirements, which are not repeated in the application.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the driving mechanism 50 includes:

a magnetic attraction member 51 provided on the adjustment layer 40;

the electromagnetic member 52 is disposed on the frame 90, and is used for adsorbing or releasing the magnetic attraction member.

The magnetic attraction piece 51 may be configured as a metal block, a magnet, etc., the electromagnetic piece 52 may be configured as an electromagnet, the electromagnetic piece 52 is externally connected with a power supply, and when the electromagnetic piece 52 is electrified, the electromagnetic piece 52 generates a magnetic attraction force to attract or repel the magnetic attraction piece 51 so as to drive the adjusting layer 40 to move towards a side close to the frame 90 or to move towards a side far away from the frame 90.

As an example, a fixing area is disposed on the adjusting layer 40, the fixing area is used for fixing the magnetic attraction pieces 51, a plurality of driving mechanisms 50 may be disposed, and a plurality of driving mechanisms 50 are respectively disposed on the peripheral sides of the adjusting layer 40, so as to facilitate adjusting the position of the adjusting layer 40, and improve convenience and flexibility in use.

As an example, the fixing areas are disposed at two opposite diagonal positions of the adjusting layer 40, one diagonal position of the adjusting layer 40 is provided with a chamfer, the electromagnetic member 52 is correspondingly disposed at the diagonal position of the frame 90, on one hand, the stability of the adjusting layer 40 in the moving process can be improved by the fixing areas with the chamfer, and the chamfer can assist in positioning the adjusting layer 40, so that the bearing surface can be effectively increased;

on the other hand, the liquid crystal display may be rectangular, and the adjusting layer 40, the liquid crystal cell 10 and the collimating layer 30 may be rectangular, so that the driving mechanism 50 may drive the adjusting layer 40 to move along a diagonal direction of the adjusting layer 40, as shown in fig. 14, so that the plurality of diffuse reflection units 41 are located in the light-transmitting region 32 or the shielding region, and after the adjusting layer 40 moves in a smaller position, the diffuse reflection units 41 may be located in the first transmission region and close to a boundary of the light-shielding region 31 after moving, so as to better achieve the sharing effect.

As an example, open cell (corresponding to the liquid crystal cell 10) is a conventional liquid crystal display layer, and mainly plays a role of picture display

The micro-structure optical layer (corresponding to the adjusting layer 40), the substrate 43 may be a high light-transmitting material, such as PC, PMMA, etc., wherein one surface is provided with a micro-optical structure (corresponding to the diffuse reflection unit 41), as shown in fig. 2-3, wherein the micro-optical structure surface needs to be roughened, or is coated with optical ink, to increase diffuse reflection, the diffuse reflection unit 41 is internally provided with reflective particles 411 (brushing optical ink), the light path of the reflective particles 411 is shown in fig. 4, wherein in the top view orthographic projection direction, the interval width between the diffuse reflection units 41 is a, the width of the diffuse reflection unit 41 is B, wherein the material of the substrate 43 of the adjusting layer 40 is exemplified by PMMA, the refractive index of the substrate 43 is 1.59, and the refractive index of the diffuse reflection unit 41 is consistent with that of the substrate 43, the substrate 43 and the diffuse reflection unit 41 may be formed by UV curing, the adjusting layer 40 is rectangular, the diagonal positions of the adjusting layer 40 are chamfered to form chamfer surfaces, two opposite chamfer surfaces are formed, and two metal frames are embedded in each frame (corresponding to the positions shown in fig. 12 and the electromagnet frame is corresponding to the reference frame 11).

The collimating layer 30 may be made of a high light-transmitting material, such as PET, and referring to fig. 9 and 10, the collimating layer 30 needs to have a certain thickness, and the thickness needs to be greater than 300um, where the width of the light-transmitting region 32 is C and the width of the light-shielding region 31 is D, and is about 10um, where a is equal to or greater than C and D is equal to or greater than B in the top-view orthographic projection direction.

It should be noted that, the light source in the lcd is a conventional backlight 20, which is not described herein.

Working principle:

sharing state: referring to fig. 7 and 8, one of the electromagnets (corresponding to the electromagnetic member 52) on the plastic frame is energized (for example, the lower left corner) to generate magnetism to attract the metal (corresponding to the magnetic member 51) at the corresponding position on the adjusting layer 40, so as to realize position change, meanwhile, the elastic member 53 is disposed in the spacing region 91, one end of the elastic member 53 abuts against the frame 90, the other end abuts against the adjusting layer 40, so as to perform auxiliary fixing function, the light of the backlight 20 becomes collimated light after passing through the collimating layer 30, the diffuse reflection unit 41 on the adjusting layer 40 is just aligned with the light transmitting region 32 of the collimating layer 30, and the diffuse reflection unit 41 breaks the collimated light, so as to realize sharing effect.

Peep-proof state: referring to fig. 5 and 6, the electromagnet at the lower left corner of the plastic frame is powered off, the magnetism disappears, the electromagnet at the upper right corner is powered on, the magnetism is attracted to the metal at the corresponding position on the adjusting layer 40, the position change is realized, the auxiliary fixing function is simultaneously realized with the elastic member 53, the light of the backlight 20 becomes collimated light after passing through the collimating layer 30, the diffuse reflection unit 41 is just aligned with the shading area 31 of the collimating layer 30, the diffuse reflection unit 41 does not perform diffuse reflection function on the light, the collimated light directly passes through the base material 43 of the adjusting layer 40 and is not influenced, the collimated light continues to propagate, and further the peep-proof effect is realized

The above positional change manner is not the only manner, and other manners are, for example:

scheme 2: referring to fig. 15-16, in the peep-proof state, the electromagnet is in a power-off state, the adjusting layer 40 is fixed by the elastic piece (corresponding to the elastic piece 53) and the rubber frame positioning column, the rubber frame electromagnet is conductive, magnetism is attracted to metal at a corresponding position on the microstructure optical layer, position change is achieved, and meanwhile auxiliary fixing function is achieved, so that sharing state switching is achieved.

Scheme 3: referring to fig. 17, in the peep-proof state, the adjusting layer 40 is matched with the rubber frame under the action of the elastic sheet to form positioning, the elastic member 53 includes a spring column and an elastic sheet, the spring column is in an embedded state and is disposed in the rubber frame, and when the spring column protrudes outwards, the adjusting layer 40 is propped against the elastic sheet to form positioning, so that switching between the sharing state and the peep-proof state is realized.

It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display, characterized by comprising a liquid crystal cell (10), a backlight (20), a collimating layer (30), an adjusting layer (40) and a driving mechanism (50);

the collimating layer (30) is arranged between the liquid crystal box (10) and the backlight source (20), and the collimating layer (30) is provided with a shading area (31) and a plurality of light transmitting areas (32) defined by the shading area (31);

the adjusting layer (40) is arranged between the collimating layer (30) and the liquid crystal box (10), and the adjusting layer (40) is provided with a plurality of diffuse reflection units (41);

the driving mechanism (50) is connected with the adjusting layer (40) and is used for driving the adjusting layer (40) to move, so that the diffuse reflection unit (41) on the adjusting layer (40) is located in the light-transmitting area (32) or the light-shielding area (31) on the collimating layer (30).

2. A liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the diffuse reflection unit (41) has a diffuse reflection surface which is a convex surface protruding with respect to the adjustment layer (40) or a concave surface recessed with respect to the adjustment layer (40).

3. A liquid crystal display according to claim 2, wherein the diffuse reflection unit (41) comprises a plurality of reflective particles (411), the reflective particles (411) are transparent particles or micro lenses, and the plurality of reflective particles (411) are distributed on the diffuse reflection surface.

4. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment layer (40) includes a substrate (43), the plurality of diffuse reflection units (41) are disposed on the surface of the substrate (43) at intervals, and the refractive index of the substrate (43) is equal to the refractive index of the diffuse reflection units (41).

5. The liquid crystal display according to claim 4, wherein the material of the substrate (43) is a high light-transmitting material.

6. The lcd device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding region (31) comprises a plurality of first light shielding portions (311) and a plurality of second light shielding portions (312), the plurality of first light shielding portions (311) are disposed at equal intervals along the first direction (60), and the plurality of second light shielding portions (312) are disposed at equal intervals along the second direction (70), so as to limit the plurality of light transmitting regions (32) to be distributed in a rectangular array on the collimating layer (30).

7. A liquid crystal display according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a width of a space between adjacent ones of the diffuse reflection units (41) in a top-view front projection direction is a, a width of the diffuse reflection unit (41) is B, a width of the light transmitting region (32) is C, and a width of the light shielding region (31) is D, wherein: a is more than or equal to C, and D is more than or equal to B.

8. A liquid crystal display according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising a frame (90), wherein the alignment layer (30) is fixed in the frame (90), a spacer (91) is arranged between the periphery of the adjustment layer (40) and the inner side of the frame (90), and the driving mechanism (50) is arranged between the adjustment layer (40) and the frame (90) to drive the adjustment layer (40) to move in the spacer (91) relative to the frame (90).

9. A liquid crystal display according to claim 8, wherein the driving mechanism (50) comprises:

a magnetic attraction member (51) provided on the adjustment layer (40);

and the electromagnetic piece (52) is arranged on the frame (90) and is used for adsorbing or releasing the magnetic attraction piece (51).

10. A liquid crystal display according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the plurality of light-transmitting areas (32) in the collimating layer (30) are in a grating structure.

11. A display device comprising the liquid crystal display according to any one of claims 1 to 10.