CN116500440A - High-temperature superconductive winding current-carrying characteristic and alternating current loss testing device - Google Patents
High-temperature superconductive winding current-carrying characteristic and alternating current loss testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116500440A CN116500440A CN202310783566.5A CN202310783566A CN116500440A CN 116500440 A CN116500440 A CN 116500440A CN 202310783566 A CN202310783566 A CN 202310783566A CN 116500440 A CN116500440 A CN 116500440A
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2688—Measuring quality factor or dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, or power factor
- G01R27/2694—Measuring dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, loss factor or power factor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/1238—Measuring superconductive properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Superconductive Dynamoelectric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting motors, and discloses a device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of a high-temperature superconducting winding. The liquid nitrogen Dewar box is used as a device shell to provide a low-temperature environment for performance test of the superconducting winding. The high permeability core apparatus is divided into an upper stator core and a lower mover core. The stator core is designed into a common stator core structure of the superconducting motor, the superconducting winding to be tested surrounds the core slot part, the coil bracket is supported above the superconducting exciting winding, and the tooth part of the rotor core is provided with the superconducting exciting coil. The testing device can complete the current-carrying characteristic test of the superconducting strands and the superconducting windings with different topological structures, can complete the loss characteristic test of the superconducting strands and the superconducting windings in the environment without magnetic field and in the environment with mixed magnetic field, and can obtain real-time experimental data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of a high-temperature superconductive winding, and belongs to the technical field of superconductive motors.
Background
With the rapid development of offshore wind power, the single-machine capacity of an offshore wind turbine has broken through 10 MW. The superconducting direct-drive motor is one of effective means for realizing the light weight of the whole machine of the deep-open-sea ultra-large-capacity direct-drive wind generating set, and has become a research hot spot in the field of offshore wind power. The design of the superconducting coil is an important ring in the electromagnetic design of the superconducting motor, and determines whether the overall scheme is reasonable or not. The conditions for the superconducting coil to perform are that the current density, the external magnetic field intensity, the electromagnetic force and the working temperature are all in critical ranges. Also, the ac loss of the superconducting winding is important, and the power and economy of the cryogenic refrigeration system and the overall efficiency of the superconducting motor are related. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the loss characteristics of a superconducting winding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of a high-temperature superconductive winding, which can test the current-carrying characteristics and the loss characteristics of the superconductive winding under the influence of multi-harmonic alternating magnetic field coupling in a motor, and can verify whether theoretical analysis and finite element calculation results are correct or not to carry out feedback correction.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of a high-temperature superconductive winding, which comprises a liquid nitrogen Dewar box and a high magnetic conduction iron core device, wherein the high magnetic conduction iron core device is arranged in the liquid nitrogen Dewar box; the high-permeability iron core device is used for providing an electromagnetic environment for the high-temperature superconductive winding to be tested; the liquid nitrogen Dewar box is used for providing a liquid nitrogen low-temperature environment for the high-temperature superconducting winding to be tested and the high-temperature magnetic iron core device.
Further, the liquid nitrogen Dewar box comprises a double-layer box shell structure, vacuum is pumped between the two layers of box shells, and liquid nitrogen is filled in the two layers of box shells.
Further, the high magnetic conduction iron core device comprises a rack, a rotor iron core, a superconducting excitation winding, a stator iron core and a stator iron core bracket;
the rack is arranged on the bottom surface in the liquid nitrogen Dewar box, and the mover iron core is arranged on the upper surface of the rack;
the stator core support is arranged on the inner side surface of the liquid nitrogen Dewar box and used for supporting the stator core and fixing the stator core, and the stator core support is made of non-magnetic conductive materials; the stator core is positioned above the rotor core, and the vertical distance between the rotor core and the stator core can be adjusted by designing non-magnetic supports with different heights; an air gap interval is arranged between the stator core and the rotor core;
the rotor core at least comprises one tooth and two grooves; the stator slot is positioned between two adjacent stator teeth, and the teeth face the stator core; winding a superconducting excitation winding on teeth of the rotor core; the stator iron core and the rotor iron core are made of silicon steel sheets by lamination;
the stator core at least comprises one groove and two teeth, and the teeth of the stator core are arranged downwards and face the rotor core;
the to-be-measured superconducting winding is wound on the rotor core, part of the to-be-measured superconducting winding is positioned in a rotor core groove (namely straddling the stator yoke), the plane of the to-be-measured superconducting winding is perpendicular to the plane of the superconducting exciting winding, or the to-be-measured superconducting winding straddles the teeth of the stator core, and the plane of the to-be-measured superconducting winding is parallel to the plane of the superconducting exciting winding. The current stabilizing constant-current power supply supplies current to the superconducting winding to be tested through the inverter, and the superconducting winding to be tested can be supplied with direct current and alternating current;
further, a coil bracket is arranged on the upper surface of the stator core and is positioned above the stator core slot; the position stability of the superconducting winding to be measured is conveniently ensured, the distances from the superconducting winding to be measured to the left and right adjacent teeth are the same, and the tooth arrangement direction of the stator core is defined as the left and right direction.
Further, the rack is a movable rack; the relative position of the rotor core and the stator core is changed along the left-right direction under the drive of the movable rack, the relative position of the superconducting exciting winding and the superconducting winding to be tested can be changed by the left-right movement of the rack, and the different relative positions of the rotor and the stator in the operation of the motor can be simulated.
Further, the device also comprises a programmable alternating current source; the programmable alternating current source is connected with the superconducting field winding to provide field current for the superconducting field winding. The programmable ac current source may provide different forms of field current, including dc and ac of different frequencies, to the superconducting field winding.
Further, the vertical distance between the teeth of the stator core and the teeth of the mover core is 3 mm, or set according to the actual size of the motor air gap.
Further, the slot width of the stator core is designed based on the minimum bending radius of the superconducting winding to be tested and the magnetic circuit of the motor; the slot width of the mover core is designed based on the minimum bending radius of the superconducting field winding.
Further, the invention relates to a device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of a high-temperature superconductive winding, which also comprises a Hall sensor; the Hall sensors are respectively positioned in the slots of the stator core and used for measuring the magnetic induction intensity in the slots of the stator core.
Further, three temperature sensors are arranged in the liquid nitrogen Dewar box and respectively measure the temperatures in the box with different vertical heights, so that the liquid level of liquid nitrogen in the Dewar box is monitored.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention can simulate the complex magnetic field environment in the superconducting motor, test the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of the superconducting windings with different topological structures under the actions of alternating magnetic field and hybrid magnetic field, and can verify the correctness of the design method of the superconducting windings in the motor. The high-temperature superconducting winding current-carrying characteristic and alternating current loss testing device has important significance for improving the technical level of superconducting winding design.
(1) The relative position of the rotor core and the stator core can be changed by adjusting the movable bench, the programmable alternating current power supply is used for supplying power, the superconducting exciting winding can generate background magnetic fields with different frequencies, so that various electromagnetic conditions of the superconducting winding can be simulated when the motor operates, and meanwhile, different currents can be supplied to the superconducting coil to be tested by the direct current power supply and the power electronic converter, so that the working state of the superconducting armature winding in different armature currents can be simulated.
(2) The superconducting material used by the testing device is only a few parts of the superconducting motor, so that development cost of the superconducting motor can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic of a test apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit distribution of the test device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a stand; 2. a mover core; 3. superconducting field winding; 4. a hall sensor; 5. a stator core support; 6. a stator core; 7. a superconducting winding to be measured; 8. a coil support; 9. a temperature sensor; 10. a liquid nitrogen dewar; 11. a programmable alternating current source; 12. a temperature inspection instrument; 13. an inverter; 14. a DC voltage-stabilizing constant-current power supply; 15. a high-precision microvolts meter; 16. HT20 tesla meter; 17. the upper computer controls the display table.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the device for testing the current-carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of the high-temperature superconductive winding comprises a liquid nitrogen dewar 10 and a high-permeability iron core device, wherein the high-permeability iron core device is arranged in the liquid nitrogen dewar 10; the liquid nitrogen dewar 10 comprises two layers of box shells, is vacuumized in the middle, is filled with liquid nitrogen, provides a liquid nitrogen low-temperature environment for superconducting winding testing, and simultaneously provides mechanical support for a high-permeability iron core device. The high-permeability iron core device is used for measuring the current-carrying characteristic and the alternating current loss of the superconducting winding 7 to be measured.
The high-permeability iron core device comprises a movable rack 1, a rotor iron core 2, a superconducting field winding 3, a stator iron core 6, a Hall sensor 4 and a temperature sensor 9.
The movable rack 1 is arranged on the bottom surface of the liquid nitrogen dewar 10 and can move relative to the bottom surface of the liquid nitrogen dewar 10; the movable iron core 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the movable rack 1 and is used for driving the movable iron core 2 to move, so that the movable iron core 2 moves left and right relative to the stator iron core 6;
the rotor core 2 at least comprises one tooth and two grooves, and is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets; and the teeth face the stator core 6; as shown in fig. 2, the mover core 2 in fig. 2 includes two teeth, three slots;
the superconducting exciting winding 3 is wound on the teeth of the rotor core 2, and the programmable alternating current source 11 provides exciting current for the superconducting exciting winding 3 and can generate exciting magnetic fields with any amplitude, frequency and waveform. The lead is led out from the upper part of the testing device. By adjusting the position of the movable bench 1 or the exciting current, different mechanical positions and electromagnetic environments can be simulated when the motor operates. Insulation is realized between the movable rack 1 and the mover core 2 by insulating paint.
The stator core bracket 5 is arranged on the inner side surface of the liquid nitrogen Dewar box 10 and is used for supporting the stator core 6 and fixing the stator core 6;
the stator core 6 at least comprises two teeth and a groove, the groove of the stator core is positioned between the two adjacent teeth, and the teeth of the stator core 6 are arranged downwards and face the rotor core 2; the stator core 6 is made of silicon steel sheets by lamination; the stator core 6 in fig. 1 comprises three teeth, a stator first slot and a stator second slot.
The coil support 8 is arranged on the upper surface of the stator core 6, the coil support 8 is made of G10, at least one coil support 8 is arranged above each stator slot, the distances from the coil support 8 to the left and right adjacent teeth are the same, so that when the superconducting winding 7 to be measured is placed on the coil support 8, the coil support is wound in the slots, and the distances from the coil support 8 to the left and right adjacent teeth are the same.
As shown in fig. 2, two coil brackets 8 are arranged above each stator slot in the invention, and the two coil brackets 8 are simultaneously used for supporting and fixing one superconducting winding 7 to be tested, so that the stability of the superconducting winding 7 to be tested when being positioned in the slot is ensured. And the plane of the superconducting winding 7 to be measured is ensured to be parallel to the length direction of the groove.
According to the topological structure of the superconductive winding 7 to be tested, superconductive strands and superconductive coils with different arrangement modes can be placed. The DC stabilized constant current power supply 14 can provide DC or currents with different frequencies for the superconducting winding 7 to be tested through the inverter 13. The plane of the superconductive winding 7 to be tested is vertical to the plane of the superconductive excitation winding 3, the slot of the stator core 6 is downward, the slot of the rotor core 2 is upward, and the corresponding relation of the stator and rotor slots in the motor is simulated.
The slot widths of the stator core 6 and the mover core 2 are designed based on the minimum bending radius of the superconducting coil and the magnetic circuit of the motor, and in this example, the tooth width of the mover core 2 is 42 mm, the slot width is 26 mm, the tooth width of the stator core 6 is 65 mm, and the slot width is 65 mm. The vertical distance between the teeth of the stator core 6 and the rotor core 2 is 3 mm, and the vertical distance can be adjusted according to the actual size of the motor air gap.
The two hall sensors 4 are respectively positioned in the two slots of the stator core 6 and connected with the HT20 tesla meter 16, so that the air gap magnetic field between the superconducting coils can be dynamically monitored. The three temperature sensors 9 are sequentially positioned above the stator core 6 at different vertical heights and are connected with a temperature inspection instrument 12. The high-precision microvolts meter 15 is connected with the superconducting exciting winding 3, and measures the voltage of the superconducting exciting winding 3. The upper computer control display table 17 can be used for programming and adjusting exciting current and displaying the voltage and current of the superconducting winding 7 to be tested in real time.
The above description is merely of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art based on the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a liquid nitrogen Dewar box and a high magnetic conduction iron core device, wherein the high magnetic conduction iron core device is arranged in the liquid nitrogen Dewar box;
the high-permeability iron core device is used for providing an electromagnetic environment for the high-temperature superconductive winding to be tested;
the liquid nitrogen Dewar box is used for providing a liquid nitrogen low-temperature environment for the high-temperature superconducting winding to be tested and the high-temperature magnetic iron core device.
2. The device for testing the current carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of the high-temperature superconducting winding according to claim 1, wherein the liquid nitrogen dewar comprises a double-layer box shell structure, the middle of the two layers of box shells is vacuumized, and liquid nitrogen is filled in the two layers of box shells.
3. The device for testing the current carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of the high-temperature superconductive winding according to claim 1, wherein the high-permeability iron core device comprises a rack, a rotor iron core, a superconductive excitation winding, a stator iron core and a stator iron core bracket;
the rack is arranged on the bottom surface in the liquid nitrogen Dewar box, and the mover iron core is arranged on the upper surface of the rack;
the stator iron core bracket is arranged on the inner side surface of the liquid nitrogen Dewar box and used for supporting the stator iron core and fixing the stator iron core, and the stator iron core is positioned above the rotor iron core;
the rotor core at least comprises one tooth and two grooves, the grooves are positioned on two sides of the tooth, and the tooth of the rotor core faces the stator core; winding a superconducting excitation winding on teeth of the rotor core;
the stator core at least comprises a groove and two teeth, the stator groove is positioned between two adjacent stator teeth, and the teeth of the stator core are arranged downwards and face the rotor core;
the to-be-measured superconducting winding is wound on the stator core, part of the to-be-measured superconducting winding is positioned in the stator core groove, the plane of the to-be-measured superconducting winding is perpendicular to the plane of the superconducting exciting winding, or the to-be-measured superconducting winding is wound on teeth of the stator core, and the plane of the to-be-measured superconducting winding is parallel to the plane of the superconducting exciting winding.
4. The device for testing the current carrying characteristics and the alternating current loss of the high-temperature superconductive winding according to claim 3, wherein the upper surface of the stator core is provided with a coil bracket, and the coil bracket is positioned above the stator core slot; the position stability of the superconducting winding to be measured is conveniently ensured, the distances from the superconducting winding to be measured to the left and right adjacent teeth are the same, and the tooth arrangement direction of the stator core is defined as the left and right direction.
5. A high temperature superconducting winding current-carrying characteristic and ac loss testing device according to claim 3, wherein said stage is a movable stage;
the relative position of the rotor core and the stator core is changed along the left and right direction under the drive of the movable rack, and the rotor core is used for simulating different mechanical positions when the motor operates.
6. A high temperature superconducting winding current carrying characteristic and ac loss testing device according to claim 3, further comprising a programmable ac current source;
the programmable alternating current source is connected with the superconducting field winding to provide field current for the superconducting field winding.
7. A high temperature superconducting winding current-carrying characteristic and ac loss testing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the vertical distance between the teeth of the stator core and the teeth of the mover core is 3 mm, or is set according to the actual size of the motor air gap.
8. A high-temperature superconducting winding current-carrying characteristic and alternating current loss testing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the slot width of the stator core is designed based on the minimum bending radius of the superconducting winding to be tested and the magnetic circuit of the motor;
the mover core slot width is designed based on the minimum bending radius of the superconducting field winding.
9. A high temperature superconducting winding current-carrying characteristic and ac loss testing device according to claim 3, further comprising a hall sensor;
the Hall sensors are respectively positioned in the slots of the stator core and are used for dynamically monitoring the air gap magnetic field between the superconducting coils.
10. A high temperature superconducting winding current-carrying characteristic and ac loss testing device according to claim 3, wherein the stator core and the mover core are each made of laminated silicon steel sheets.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310783566.5A CN116500440B (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | High-temperature superconductive winding current-carrying characteristic and alternating current loss testing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310783566.5A CN116500440B (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2023-06-29 | High-temperature superconductive winding current-carrying characteristic and alternating current loss testing device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116500440A true CN116500440A (en) | 2023-07-28 |
| CN116500440B CN116500440B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| KR100791045B1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-01-03 | 한국전기연구원 | Hts magnet characteristic evaluation and quench protection device |
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| CN110988488A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-10 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | High-temperature superconducting winding alternating current loss testing device |
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2023
- 2023-06-29 CN CN202310783566.5A patent/CN116500440B/en active Active
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| CN116500440B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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