CN116497645A - Steel spring vibration isolator - Google Patents
Steel spring vibration isolator Download PDFInfo
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- CN116497645A CN116497645A CN202210872568.7A CN202210872568A CN116497645A CN 116497645 A CN116497645 A CN 116497645A CN 202210872568 A CN202210872568 A CN 202210872568A CN 116497645 A CN116497645 A CN 116497645A
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- spring
- steel spring
- steel
- indicator
- vibration isolator
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
- F16F15/067—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only wound springs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a steel spring vibration isolator which comprises an embedded outer sleeve, an elastic element, a height-adjusting gasket, a locking gasket and a broken spring indicator. The elastic element comprises two steel springs with different diameters and in a nested structure, so that when one steel spring breaks and fails, the other steel spring still plays a certain supporting role, a certain system redundancy is provided, and the safety of the track is improved; the arrangement also increases flexibility, for example, one of the steel springs can be used as a standard component with fixed rigidity, and the other steel spring can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that the rigidity of the whole elastic element can be adjusted. The broken spring indicator is arranged above the elastic element, and the indication end of the broken spring indicator is positioned at the opening of the upper end of the outer sleeve, so that the state of the steel spring can be conveniently observed, and the breaking failure condition can be timely found. The elastic element can be assembled in advance, and the elastic element only needs to be installed as a whole during construction, so that the construction is more convenient and efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of rails, and particularly relates to a steel spring vibration isolator.
Background
The impact energy of the train running on the track can cause serious vibration and noise to be generated on the track, so that the riding experience of passengers on the train is seriously affected, and the life quality of residents around the track is also affected. Meanwhile, stability, safety and service life of the rail transit are also affected. Therefore, technology and products capable of effectively reducing vibration and noise are needed to improve the stability of the track structure and ensure the safety of line operation.
Therefore, a part of the ballast bed plate adopts a floating plate formed by a plurality of steel springs to realize a certain vibration reduction effect, however, the steel springs have the risk of fracture failure in long-term use, and the detection and monitoring of the steel springs are inconvenient because the steel springs are arranged below the ballast bed plate. In the prior art, although some pointer-type, electronic trigger-type and mechanical trigger-type broken spring detection devices exist, the structure is mostly complex, the cost is high, and the number of steel springs required to be arranged in a track is large, so that the existing broken spring detection devices are difficult to apply in a large scale. Meanwhile, the rigidity of the existing steel spring is not easy to adjust, the application range is narrow, the construction process of the steel spring floating plate is complex, the treatment of the connecting position is complex, and the construction period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and aims to provide the steel spring vibration isolator which can effectively monitor the broken spring condition with low cost, has adjustable rigidity and is convenient to install, and the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a steel spring vibration isolator, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the outer sleeve is fixedly embedded in the ballast bed plate; an elastic element disposed below the outer sleeve; a height-adjusting spacer disposed above the elastic element; the locking gasket is embedded in the outer sleeve and is connected with the height adjusting gasket and the elastic element through the connecting piece; and a break spring indicator disposed above the resilient element with an indicator end exposed above the outer sleeve, wherein the spring element comprises: a spring housing; the first steel spring is arranged in the spring shell; and the whole diameter of the second steel spring is smaller than that of the first steel spring, and the second steel spring is sleeved in the first steel spring.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the broken spring indicator comprises a broken spring indicating rod arranged above the elastic element, one end of the broken spring indicating rod is provided with a reflective indicating paste, and when the first steel spring and the second steel spring are in normal states, the reflective indicating paste is exposed out of the upper part of the outer sleeve.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that: the protection apron sets up the upper end of outer sleeve, the middle part has the indicator hole of stepping down, wherein, the broken spring pilot lever be provided with the one end that reflective indication pasted is passed the indicator hole of stepping down.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that the broken spring indicator further comprises: the indicator fixing plate is made of metal and is fixed on the locking gasket; the indication rod mounting seat is made of metal and is used for mounting the other end of the broken spring indication rod; and the magnet piece is used for adsorbing and fixing the indicator rod mounting seat on the indicator fixing plate.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the first steel spring and the second steel spring are both wound by steel bars, the diameter of the steel bars of the first steel spring is larger than that of the steel bars of the second steel spring, and the number of winding circles of the second steel spring is larger than that of the first steel spring.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that the spring shell comprises: the support cylinder is arranged in the outer sleeve; and the support base is in sliding fit with the support cylinder, two ends of the first steel spring are respectively in fit with the support cylinder and the support base, the elastic element further comprises a pair of spring end limiting pieces, the cross section of each spring end limiting piece is T-shaped, each spring end limiting piece is provided with a first cylindrical section and a second cylindrical section with the diameter smaller than that of the first cylindrical section, one spring end limiting piece is arranged in the middle of the inner top surface of the support cylinder, the second cylindrical section of each spring end limiting piece is downward, the other spring end limiting piece is arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the support base, the second cylindrical section of each spring end limiting piece is upward, and two ends of each second steel spring are respectively in fit with the two second cylindrical sections.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with n radially-protruding barrel protruding parts, n is more than or equal to 2, n barrel protruding parts are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall, the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the supporting barrel are provided with n protruding parts, and the outer contour shapes of the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the supporting barrel are matched with the inner wall at the position of the barrel protruding parts.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can be further characterized in that the height-adjusting gasket is provided with n first mounting grooves, the locking gasket is provided with n second mounting grooves, the top of the supporting cylinder is provided with n mounting holes, and when the height-adjusting gasket and the n protruding parts of the supporting cylinder are respectively abutted against the n protruding parts in the cylinder, the n first mounting grooves, the n second mounting grooves and the n mounting holes are respectively aligned to form n through connecting piece mounting holes.
The steel spring vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that: the limiting column is arranged at the bottom of the supporting base, a limiting column mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the supporting base, one end of the limiting column is embedded into the limiting column mounting groove, and the other end of the limiting column is driven into the substrate to be fixed.
The actions and effects of the invention
The steel spring vibration isolator comprises an embedded outer sleeve, an elastic element, a height-adjusting gasket, a locking gasket and a broken spring indicator. The elastic element comprises two steel springs with different diameters and in a nested structure, so that when one steel spring breaks and fails, the other steel spring still plays a certain supporting role, a certain system redundancy is provided, and the safety of the track is improved; the arrangement also increases flexibility, for example, one of the steel springs can be used as a standard component with fixed rigidity, and the other steel spring can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that the rigidity of the whole elastic element can be adjusted. The broken spring indicator is arranged above the elastic element, and the indication end of the broken spring indicator is positioned at the opening of the upper end of the outer sleeve, so that the state of the steel spring can be conveniently observed, and the breaking failure condition can be timely found.
In addition, the elastic element can be assembled in advance, and the elastic element only needs to be installed as a whole during track construction, so that the construction is more convenient, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a track bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 1 within box A;
figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a bed deck in an isolator position in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a steel spring vibration isolator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a locking spacer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an orthographic view of a locking washer in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a height-adjusting gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an orthographic view of a lift pad in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a support cylinder according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a flow chart of the installation of a steel spring vibration isolator in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an adjustment tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a steel spring vibration isolator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a break spring indicator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of the present invention of an interrupt spring indicator;
fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a steel spring vibration isolator in a spring-broken state according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a flow chart of installing a steel spring vibration isolator in a second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a road bed board 110; a plate body 111; sleeper 112; a clasp fitting 113; a steel spring vibration isolator 160; an outer sleeve 161; an in-cylinder boss 1611; locking washer 162; a locking tab boss 1621; a first relief hole 1622; a first mounting groove 1623; heightening the spacer 163; a height adjustment tab boss 1631; a second relief hole 1632; a second mounting groove 1633; an elastic member 164; a support cylinder 1641; a plate-shaped top 16411; top relief hole 16411a; top mounting holes 16411b; a cylindrical portion 16412; a support base 1642; spring end stop 1643; a first steel spring 1644; a second steel spring 1645; a protective cover 165; a limit post 167; a break spring indicator 166; an indicator securing plate 1661; a fixed plate mounting hole 16611; an indicator lever mount 1662; an indicator lever mounting hole 16621; magnet 1663; a fastening nut 1664; broken spring indicator lever 1665; reflective indicator stickers 1666; a substrate 200; rail 300.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation characteristics, achievement of the purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the steel spring vibration isolator of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the track bed in this embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG. 1 within box A;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the track bed in the isolator position in this embodiment;
as shown in fig. 1-3, the track bed 110 is disposed on a base 200, which includes a plate body 111 and a plurality of steel spring vibration isolators 160.
In this embodiment, the slab 111 is a concrete slab cast in place, the dimensions of which are 25000mm×3300mm×340mm (length×width×thickness), 42 pairs of sleepers 112 are uniformly arranged on the slab 111 at intervals along the length direction thereof, and the interval between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112 is 595mm. Rail 300 is secured to tie 112 by a clip fitting 113. The steel spring vibration isolators 160 are embedded in the plate body 111 in a group of two, and the two steel spring vibration isolators 160 of a group are respectively located near the two steel rails. As shown in fig. 2, the steel spring vibration isolator 160 is disposed between adjacent sleepers 112 in plan view with one end thereof located directly below the rail 300.
In this embodiment, the track bed 110 acts as a head-to-tail plate in the track section, with one end being used to engage a conventional integral track bed. 21 pairs of steel spring vibration isolators 160 are provided on track bed plate 110. Wherein, at the one end of linking ordinary whole railway roadbed, encrypt and arrange 7 pairs of steel spring isolator 160, the interval between two adjacent pairs is 595mm. At the other end, 2 pairs of steel spring vibration isolators 160 are arranged in an encrypted manner, the spacing between the pairs also being 595mm. In the middle of track bed plate 110, the spacing between adjacent pairs of steel spring vibration isolators 160 is 1190mm, 1785mm, … …, and so on.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the steel spring vibration isolator in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, the steel spring vibration isolator 160 includes an outer sleeve 161, a locking washer 162, a height adjustment washer 163, and a resilient member 164.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the outer sleeve in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the outer sleeve 161 is made of a metal material, has a through-type circular cylindrical structure as a whole, and has an overall height (i.e., the length of the outer sleeve 161) corresponding to the thickness of the plate 111, so that both ends thereof are opened and exposed from both sides of the plate 111. The inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 has 3 radially protruding in-cylinder bosses 1611, only one of which 1611 is shown in fig. 5 due to structural shielding, and in fact 3 in-cylinder bosses 1611 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall and located at the same height, i.e. form the same shape as the ports on the outer sleeve 161.
In addition, the outer sleeve 161 is an embedded outer sleeve, and is embedded in the slab 111 when the slab 111 is poured, for this purpose, two pairs of fixing pins 1614 are further provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 161, the two pairs of fixing pins 1614 are provided on the outer sleeve 161 at different heights, and the extending directions are mutually perpendicular, i.e. are arranged in a crisscross manner, for binding and fixing in the reinforced concrete slab. The lower end of the outer sleeve 161 is provided with a circle of outwards protruding flanges 1615 to form a skirt structure for increasing the adhesive force and bearing capacity of the embedded outer sleeve.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the lock washer of the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is an orthographic view of the locking washer of the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 6-7, a locking washer 162 is used to lock the height adjustment washer 163 and the resilient member 164 within the outer sleeve 161. The locking washer 162 is a sheet of metal material having three arcuate raised locking tab projections 1621 such that the shape of the locking washer 162 matches the inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 at the jacking step 1612, and in particular, the shape of the locking washer 162 substantially conforms to the shape of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 at the in-barrel projection 1611 and is slightly smaller in size than the inner wall thereof. A first relief hole 1622 is provided in the middle of the locking washer 162 for a corresponding installation tool to extend into when the vibration isolator is installed. The locking spacer 162 also has three radially extending first mounting slots 1623, each in communication with the first relief hole 1622 of the middle portion, for mounting a connector. The locking tab boss 1621 is offset from the direction of extension of the first mounting groove 1623, with an extension of the first mounting groove 1623 being located between the two locking tab bosses 1621. The thickness of the locking washer 162 is 10mm.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the height-adjusting spacer according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 9 is an orthographic view of the height adjustment shim in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 8 to 9, the elevation shims 163 are used to adjust the mounting height of the elastic members 164 so that the height of the surface of the track bed 110 is consistent with design data. The height-adjusting spacer 163 has an outer contour shape identical to that of the locking spacer 162 and has three height-adjusting tab protrusions 1631, which will not be described again. The middle part of the height-adjusting spacer 163 is provided with a circular second abdication hole 1632, and is provided with three second installation grooves 1633 which extend radially and are communicated with the second abdication hole 1632. The height-adjusting piece boss 1631 is in the extending direction of the second mounting groove 1633.
Depending on the actual required mounting height, one or more stacked height adjustment shims 163 may be used, each height adjustment shim 163 having a thickness of 2mm to 10mm.
As shown in fig. 3, the elastic member 164 includes a support cylinder 1641, a support base 1642, a pair of spring end stoppers 1643, a first steel spring 1644, and a second steel spring 1645. Wherein the support cylinder 1641 and support base 1642 are spring housing which houses a steel spring.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the support cylinder in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3 and 10, the support cylinder 1641 is made of a metal material for providing support for the upper ends of the first and second steel springs 1644 and 1645. The support cylinder 1641 has a semi-closed structure and includes a plate-like top portion 16411 and a cylindrical portion 16412.
The plate-like top 16411 has an outer contour shape conforming to the height-adjusting shim 163 and a thickness thicker than the height-adjusting shim 163. The middle part of the top surface of the plate-shaped top 16411 is provided with a circular top abdication groove 16411a for abdicating an installation tool during installation, three top installation holes 16411b are distributed around the top abdication groove 16411a, the positions of which are distributed corresponding to the end parts of the three first installation grooves 1633 of the heightening gaskets 163, and the top abdication grooves are also used for allowing the installation tool to extend in during installation. The lower surface of the plate top 16411 has a circular retainer groove in the middle for receiving the spring end retainer 1643.
Since the distribution of the three top mounting holes 16411b at the top of the support cylinder 1641, the ends of the three second mounting grooves 1533 on the height-adjusting washer 163, and the ends of the three first mounting grooves 1623 on the locking washer 162 are uniform, the mounting holes and the mounting grooves can be aligned, respectively, to form three vertically penetrating connector mounting holes, so that connectors can be provided to fasten the three together. In this embodiment, the connecting member is a bolt and a nut.
The support base 1642 is also made of a metal material and has a circular cover shape for providing support for the lower ends of the first and second steel springs 1644 and 1645. The outer diameter of the support base 1642 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 16412, so that the support base 1642 is slidably fitted with the support tube 1641. The bottom of the support base 1642 has a circular mounting hole for the locating post 167.
A pair of spring end stoppers 1643 are provided in the middle of the inner top surface of the support cylinder 1641 and the middle of the inner bottom surface of the support base 1642, respectively. As shown in fig. 3, the spring end stop 1643 has a generally T-shaped cross-section with a first cylindrical section 16431 and a second cylindrical section 16432, and the second cylindrical section 16432 has a smaller diameter than the first cylindrical section 16431 and extends from a middle end face of the first cylindrical section 16431. Therefore, one annular end of the second steel spring 1645 can be sleeved on the second cylindrical section 16432 and abutted against the first cylindrical section 16431, so that two ends of the second steel spring 1645 are limited. In addition, a cylindrical protrusion is formed on the other side of the first cylindrical section 16431, the cylindrical protrusion of the upper spring end limiter 1643 is embedded and fixed in the limiter caulking groove of the inner top surface of the support tube 1641, and the cylindrical protrusion of the lower spring end limiter 1643 is embedded and fixed in the circular mounting hole of the inner bottom surface of the support base 1642.
The first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 are disposed in a cladding space formed by the support cylinder 1641 and the support base 1642. The overall diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is greater than that of the second steel spring 1645, the overall diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting base 1642, and two ends of the first steel spring 1644 are respectively embedded in the supporting cylinder 1641 and the supporting base 1642. Second steel spring 1645 is nested within first steel spring 1644.
The first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 are each wound from a steel bar, wherein the diameter of the steel bar of the first steel spring 1644 is larger than that of the steel bar of the second steel spring 1645, and the number of windings of the steel bar of the second steel spring 1645 is larger.
By providing two nested steel springs, it is easier to adjust the overall stiffness of the elastic element 164, for example, the first steel spring 1644 is used as a standard component, the stiffness is uniform, and the second steel spring 1645 is used as an adjusting component, and the diameter of the steel bar and the number of winding turns are set according to actual needs, so that the steel bar has different stiffness.
The protective cover 165 is a plate-shaped member made of metal, and has an outer contour shape identical to the shape of the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 161, so as to cover the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161 after the vibration isolator is mounted, thereby preventing dust, sundries and the like from entering from the upper end opening and affecting the vibration damping effect and the service life of the vibration isolator.
The limiting post 167 is used for transversely limiting the steel spring vibration isolator 160, one end of the limiting post is embedded in a circular mounting hole at the bottom of the supporting base 1642, and the other end of the limiting post is driven into the substrate 200 for fixing. The stop post 167 is formed of two cylindrical sections, one of which is larger in diameter, for limiting the depth of penetration of the stop post 167 into the substrate 200.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of the installation of the steel spring vibration isolator in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 11, the working procedure for installing the steel spring vibration isolator 160 specifically includes the following steps:
in step S1, a plate 111 with an outer sleeve 161 embedded therein is cast on a substrate 200.
Specifically, a reinforcement frame and a formwork are installed on the base 200, and a plurality of outer sleeves 161 are placed in advance at predetermined positions in the reinforcement frame, and then concrete casting is performed to obtain a plate body 111 embedded with the outer sleeves 161.
In step S2, the relative height parameter of each outer sleeve 161 is measured by the testing apparatus, and the thickness and number of the corresponding height-adjusting shims 163 are set according to the measured relative height parameter.
Step S3, the plate 111 is lifted up to a predetermined construction height by a lifting device.
In this embodiment, a plurality of square jacking grooves (not shown) are also provided below both sides of the plate 111 in the width direction, and box-shaped metal pieces are embedded in the jacking grooves. The jacking device is a hydraulic jack, and has a plurality of jacking ends (i.e., hydraulic heads), and the jacking ends can be respectively embedded into a plurality of jacking grooves of the plate 111, and synchronously jack under the control of the industrial personal computer, so that the plate 111 is stably jacked.
The height of the top is such that the distance between the boss 1611 of the outer sleeve 161 and the base 200 is greater than the total thickness of the resilient member 164 and the plurality of height adjustment shims 163 to be placed such that the resilient member 164 is unstressed after placement, and the resilient member 164 and the height adjustment shims 163 are rotatably adjustable.
In step S4, for each outer sleeve 161, the elastic member 164 and the corresponding height-adjusting spacer 163 are sequentially placed from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161, and the elastic member 164 and the height-adjusting spacer 163 are rotated by a predetermined angle by the adjusting tool so that the plurality of protrusions thereof are respectively located under the plurality of in-cylinder protrusions 1611.
In this embodiment, the number of the protrusions 1611 in the cylinder is 3, and the protrusions 1611 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall, so that the elastic element 164 and the height-adjusting spacer 163 are rotated by 60 degrees by the adjusting tool, and then the three protrusions are respectively located under the three protrusions 1611 in the cylinder, and after the plate 111 is put down, the three protrusions can be respectively abutted with the three protrusions 1611 in the cylinder, thereby forming a supporting structure.
Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the adjusting tool in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 12, the adjusting tool 600 has a T-shaped handle 601 and an adjusting head 602 connected to the other end of the handle 601, the adjusting head 602 has three radially extending adjusting ends 6021, and the three adjusting ends 6021 are located in three mounting grooves or mounting holes corresponding to the support cylinder 1641, the height-adjusting washer 163 and the locking washer 162, respectively. A bolt (not shown in the drawing) extending in the vertical direction is mounted on the adjustment end portion 6021.
Thus, taking the height-adjusting spacer 163 as an example, a constructor can hold the handle 601, extend the adjusting head 602 into the outer sleeve 161, insert bolts on the three adjusting ends 6021 into the ends of the three second mounting grooves 1633 of the height-adjusting spacer 163, respectively, and then horizontally rotate the handle 601, thereby horizontally rotating the height-adjusting spacer 163 through the three adjusting ends 6021.
In step S5, the plate 111 is lowered by the jacking device.
At this time, each elastic member 164 is brought into a stressed state, the plate body 111 floats on the base 200, and all load of the plate body 111 is transmitted to the elastic member 164 through the three in-cylinder bosses 1611 of the outer sleeve 121.
In step S6, for each outer sleeve 161, the locking washer 162 is put in from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161, and the locking washer 162, the height-adjusting washer 163, and the elastic member 164 are coupled together by bolts and nuts, thereby preventing the height-adjusting washer 163 and the elastic member 164 from being rotated off.
Step S7, installing a protective cover plate 165 on the upper end of each outer sleeve 161 to complete the installation of all the steel spring vibration isolators 160, thereby forming the road bed plate 110.
< example two >
Fig. 13 is a partial view of the steel spring vibration isolator in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 13, this embodiment provides a steel spring vibration isolator 160, which is different from the first embodiment in that it further includes a spring break indicator 166 for indicating the states of the first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 in the steel spring vibration isolator 160.
Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the break spring indicator of the present embodiment.
Fig. 15 is a structural exploded view of the interruption spring indicator of the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 13-15, the break spring indicator 166 includes an indicator securing plate 1661, an indicator stem mount 1662, a magnet assembly 1663, a fastening nut 1664, a break spring indicator stem 1665, and a reflective indicator sticker 1666.
The indicator fixing plate 1661 is a triangular plate-shaped member made of metal, and three fixing plate mounting holes 16611 are respectively provided near three ends of the triangle, and the distribution of the three fixing plate mounting holes 16611 is consistent with the distribution of the elastic element 164, the three mounting holes of the height-adjusting washer 163, and the mounting grooves, so that the indicator fixing plate 1661 is disposed above the locking washer 162, and can be fastened together by bolts and nuts, the locking washer 162, the height-adjusting washer 163, and the elastic element 164.
The indicator lever mount 1662 is made of a material consistent with the indicator fixing plate 1661, and has a cylindrical shape overall, with an indicator lever mounting hole 16621 in the middle, and an internal thread in the indicator lever mounting hole 16621.
The magnet piece 1663 is a strong magnet that can be attracted to the metal material of the indicator fixing plate 1661, and is cylindrical, and the indicator lever mount 1662 is attached to the indicator fixing plate 1661.
The breaking spring indicator rod 1665 is a cylindrical metal rod, one end of which has external threads (not shown), and the end is screwed into the indicator rod mounting hole 16621 of the indicator rod mount 1662 and is locked by the fastening nut 1664; the other end is affixed with a reflective indicator piece 1666, which is the indicator end of the entire break spring indicator 166. In addition, in this embodiment, the middle part of the protective cover 165 has a round hole for allowing the end of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 attached with the reflective indicator piece 1666 to pass through. The length of the broken spring indicating rod 1665 is slightly longer than the distance from the bottom surface of the indicating rod mounting hole 16621 to the top surface of the protective cover 165, and after the installation, one end of the reflective indicating paste 1666 is exposed from above the protective cover 165.
Fig. 13 shows an overall state diagram of the vibration isolator when both steel springs are in a normal state, and at this time, the reflective indicator 1666 is exposed from above the protective cover 165, so that a maintenance worker can observe the reflective indicator 1666 to learn the state of the steel springs.
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the steel spring vibration isolator in the off-spring state of the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 16, when two steel springs are broken (one or both of them are broken), the overall height of the elastic element 164 is reduced, so as to drive the broken spring indicator 166 mounted thereon to descend, and at this time, one end of the broken spring indicator rod 1665, to which the reflective indicator patch 1666 is attached, is lower than the upper surface of the protective cover 165, so that a maintenance worker cannot observe the reflective indicator patch 1666, and can know that the steel springs are broken and overhaul.
Further, the spring break indicator 166 may be assembled in advance, installed in the state shown in fig. 14, and assembled as a unit at the time of vibration isolator installation.
In this embodiment, other structures and operation principles are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will not be repeated.
Fig. 17 is a flowchart of the installation of the steel spring vibration isolator in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 17, the mounting process of the present embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that in step S6, the connecting member is not mounted first after the locking washer 162 is placed. The step S6 and the step S7 also comprise the following steps: step S6a, inserting the break spring indicator 166 from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161 and rotating it until the three mounting holes of the indicator securing plate 1661 thereof are aligned with the three mounting groove ends of the locking washer 162, respectively; in step S6b, the break spring indicator 166, the locking washer 162, the height adjustment washer 163, and the elastic member 164 are connected together by a connector. In step S7, when the device is disposed on the protective cover 165, one end of the broken spring indicator rod 1665, to which the reflective indicator piece 1666 is attached, passes through the relief hole in the middle of the protective cover 165.
Other mounting procedures are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description will not be repeated.
After the above steps, it may be checked whether one end of the break spring indicator lever 1665 properly passes through the relief hole in the middle of the protective cover 165 so that the reflective indicator stickers 1666 are visible. Under the condition that the inclination angle of the broken spring indicating rod 1665 is slightly larger and only a small part of the reflective indicating paste 1666 is visible, the protective cover plate 165 can be detached again to adjust the adsorption position of the magnet piece 1663, thereby adjusting the position state of the broken spring indicating rod 1665.
Example operation and Effect
According to the steel spring vibration isolator 160 provided by the embodiment, the steel spring vibration isolator comprises the pre-embedded outer sleeve 161, the elastic element 164, the height-adjusting gasket 163, the locking gasket 162 and the broken spring indicator 166, wherein the elastic element 164 comprises a spring shell and two steel springs which are arranged inside the shell and have different diameters and are in a nested structure, so that when one steel spring breaks and fails, the other steel spring still has a certain supporting effect, a certain system redundancy is provided, and the safety of a track is improved; this arrangement also increases flexibility, for example, one of the steel springs can be used as a standard with a fixed stiffness, and the other steel spring can be adjusted as desired, thereby enabling the overall stiffness of the resilient member 164 to be adjusted. The broken spring indicator 166 allows maintenance personnel to conveniently observe the state of the steel spring and discover the breaking failure condition in time. In addition, the elastic element 164 can be assembled in advance, and the elastic element 164 is only required to be installed as a whole during track construction, so that the construction is more convenient, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the spring housing includes a support tube 1641 and a support base 1642 that are slidably engaged, a first steel spring 1644 and a second steel spring 1645 are disposed inside a cladding space formed by the engagement of the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642, and two ends of the first steel spring 1644 are respectively engaged in the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642 having substantially the same diameter, and two ends of the second steel spring 1645 are respectively limited by a pair of spring end limiting members 1643, so that both steel springs are reasonably constrained, so that the elastic element 164 can achieve an ideal elastic vibration reduction effect.
Further, the steel bar diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is thicker, the steel bar diameter of the second steel spring 1645 sleeved inside the first steel spring 1644 is thinner, and the number of winding turns is more, so that the first steel spring 1644 mainly plays a supporting role, the second steel spring 1645 can be used as rigidity for adjusting, the overall rigidity of the elastic element 164 can be adjusted by adjusting the steel bar diameter and the number of winding turns, and compared with a single spring, the adjusting mode is more convenient and controllable.
In the second embodiment, the steel spring vibration isolator 160 further comprises a break spring indicator 166 disposed above the elastic member 164, which indicates the status of the two steel springs by a break spring indicator rod 1665 having a reflective indicator sticker 1666 affixed to one end. The reflective indicator 1666 is externally observable in a normal state; under the condition that one or both of the two springs are broken and fail, the overall height of the elastic element 164 is reduced, the broken spring indicating rod 1665 on the elastic element is driven to descend, and the reflective indicating paste 1666 cannot be observed from the outside, so that the states of the two steel springs can be intuitively indicated, and maintenance workers can observe and timely overhaul and replace the two steel springs conveniently. In addition, the existing broken spring indicator has pointer type, electronic triggering type and the like, the structural complexity and cost of the broken spring indicator are higher than those of the scheme of the embodiment, the broken spring indicator 166 of the embodiment is simple and effective and low in cost, and due to the fact that the number of vibration isolators integrally applied to the track is large, a large amount of cost can be saved when the broken spring indicator 166 of the embodiment is adopted to ensure the detection effect.
Further, the broken spring indicator rod 1665 is mounted on the indicator rod mount 1662, and the indicator rod mount 1662 is fixed on the indicator fixing plate 1661 by the magnet piece 1663, and since there is a certain mounting error in the lateral position of the steel spring vibration isolator 160 during mounting, for example, the mounting hole is directly provided on the indicator fixing plate 1661, the position of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 is difficult to be perfectly aligned with the yielding hole of the top protective cover plate 165. By adopting the magnet 1663, the installation position of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 can be conveniently adjusted by moving the magnet 1663 and adjusting the adsorption position thereof, thereby ensuring that the reflective indicator strip 1666 is properly exposed and facilitating construction.
The above examples are only for illustrating the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the description scope of the above examples.
In the above embodiment, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 has three in-cylinder protrusions 1611, and the outer profile shapes of the locking washer 162, the height-adjusting washer 163 and the upper end of the supporting cylinder 1641 are all matched with the inner wall shapes thereof, so that the elastic element 164, the locking washer 162 and the height-adjusting washer 163 can be directly placed from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161, and after 60 degrees of rotation, the elastic element 164 and the height-adjusting washer 163 can be abutted against the three in-cylinder protrusions 1611 to form a supporting structure. In the alternative, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 161 may also have 2 or more (n) protrusions 1611 uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall, and the outer profile shapes of the locking washer 162, the height-adjusting washer 163 and the upper end of the supporting cylinder 1641 are matched with each other, so that the elastic element 164 and the height-adjusting washer 163 are rotated 180/n degrees during installation, thereby achieving the corresponding technical effects. With 2 in-cylinder bosses 1611, the support stability in a single isolator is slightly reduced, but the overall support stability can be ensured due to the plurality of isolators embedded in the plate 111.
Claims (9)
1. A steel spring vibration isolator comprising:
the outer sleeve is fixedly embedded in the road bed board and penetrates through the road bed board along the length direction of the road bed board;
an elastic element disposed below the outer sleeve;
a height-adjusting spacer disposed above the elastic element;
the locking gasket is embedded in the outer sleeve and is connected with the height adjusting gasket and the elastic element through the connecting piece; and
the broken spring indicator is arranged above the elastic element, the indication end of the broken spring indicator is positioned at the opening of the upper end of the outer sleeve,
wherein the spring element comprises:
a spring housing;
the first steel spring is arranged in the spring shell; and
and the overall diameter of the second steel spring is smaller than that of the first steel spring, and the second steel spring is sleeved in the first steel spring.
2. The steel spring vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein the broken spring indicator comprises a broken spring indicating rod which is vertically arranged,
one end of the broken spring indicating rod is provided with a reflective indicating paste,
when the first steel spring and the second steel spring are in normal states, the reflective indication paste is exposed out of the upper portion of the outer sleeve.
3. The steel spring vibration isolator according to claim 2, further comprising:
the protective cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the outer sleeve, the middle part of the protective cover plate is provided with an indicator abdication hole,
wherein, the broken spring indicates that the one end that is provided with reflection of light instruction subsides passes the indicator hole of stepping down.
4. A steel spring vibration isolator according to claim 3, wherein:
wherein, broken spring indicator still includes:
the indicator fixing plate is made of metal and is fixed on the locking gasket;
the indication rod mounting seat is made of metal and is used for mounting the other end of the broken spring indication rod; and
and the magnet piece is used for adsorbing and fixing the indicator rod mounting seat on the indicator fixing plate.
5. The steel spring vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein,
wherein the first steel spring and the second steel spring are both wound by steel bars,
the diameter of the steel bar of the first steel spring is larger than that of the steel bar of the second steel spring,
the number of winding circles of the second steel spring is larger than that of the first steel spring.
6. The steel spring vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein, the spring housing includes:
the support cylinder is arranged in the outer sleeve; and
a support base slidably engaged with the support cylinder,
two ends of the first steel spring are respectively embedded in the supporting cylinder and the supporting base,
the resilient element further comprises a pair of spring end stops,
the cross section of the spring end limiting piece is T-shaped, and is provided with a first cylindrical section and a second cylindrical section with the diameter smaller than that of the first cylindrical section,
one spring end limiting piece is arranged in the middle of the inner top surface of the supporting cylinder, the second cylindrical section of the spring end limiting piece is downward, the other spring end limiting piece is arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the supporting base, the second cylindrical section of the spring end limiting piece is upward,
and two ends of the second steel spring are respectively embedded with the two second cylindrical sections.
7. The steel spring vibration isolator of claim 5, wherein:
wherein, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with n radial convex barrel convex parts, n is more than or equal to 2,
n projections in the cylinder are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall,
the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the supporting cylinder are provided with n protruding parts, and the outer outline shapes of the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the supporting cylinder are matched with the inner walls of the protruding parts in the cylinder.
8. The steel spring vibration isolator of claim 5, wherein:
wherein the height-adjusting gasket is provided with n first mounting grooves,
the locking washer has n second mounting slots,
the top of the supporting cylinder is provided with n mounting holes,
when the height-adjusting gasket, the n protruding parts of the supporting cylinder are respectively abutted with the n protruding parts in the cylinder, the n first mounting grooves, the n second mounting grooves and the n mounting holes are respectively aligned to form n through connecting piece mounting holes.
9. The steel spring vibration isolator of claim 5, further comprising:
a limit column is arranged on the upper surface of the frame,
wherein, the bottom of the supporting base is provided with a limit column mounting groove,
one end of the limiting column is embedded into the limiting column mounting groove, and the other end of the limiting column is driven into the substrate for fixing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210872568.7A CN116497645A (en) | 2022-07-23 | 2022-07-23 | Steel spring vibration isolator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210872568.7A CN116497645A (en) | 2022-07-23 | 2022-07-23 | Steel spring vibration isolator |
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| CN116497645A true CN116497645A (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210872568.7A Pending CN116497645A (en) | 2022-07-23 | 2022-07-23 | Steel spring vibration isolator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118065183A (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-05-24 | 中震华创(深圳)技术有限公司 | Variable-rigidity damping floating plate vibration isolator |
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2022
- 2022-07-23 CN CN202210872568.7A patent/CN116497645A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118065183A (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-05-24 | 中震华创(深圳)技术有限公司 | Variable-rigidity damping floating plate vibration isolator |
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