CN116497082B - Method for synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-trihydroxy cholesterol by chemical-enzymatic method - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-trihydroxy cholesterol by chemical-enzymatic method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 11
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 229960001091 chenodeoxycholic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LMPPKOWPNRKWLJ-BWFMULATSA-N (3S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,15,16,16-tetrol Chemical compound OC1C([C@@H]([C@]2(CC[C@@H]3[C@]4(CC[C@@H](CC4=CC[C@H]3[C@H]12)O)C)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(O)O LMPPKOWPNRKWLJ-BWFMULATSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 101001110310 Lentilactobacillus kefiri NADP-dependent (R)-specific alcohol dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 N, O-dimethylol hydroxylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LVKCSZQWLOVUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;propane;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].C[CH-]C LVKCSZQWLOVUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- IUYHWZFSGMZEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;propane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].C[CH-]C IUYHWZFSGMZEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ACFIXJIJDZMPPO-NNYOXOHSSA-N NADPH Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O)O1 ACFIXJIJDZMPPO-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YYTWEEOFRNSTKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-dicyclohexylmethanediimine;1-hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1.C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 YYTWEEOFRNSTKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cycloundecyl-1,5-diazacycloundec-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCC(CCCC1)N1CCCCCC=NCCC1 VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007326 Weinreb synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- UIRKNQLZZXALBI-MSVGPLKSSA-N Squalamine Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@@H](NCCCNCCCCN)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@H](C(C)C)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@]2(C)CC1 UIRKNQLZZXALBI-MSVGPLKSSA-N 0.000 description 16
- UIRKNQLZZXALBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Squalamine Natural products OC1CC2CC(NCCCNCCCCN)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(C(C)C)OS(O)(=O)=O)C1(C)CC2 UIRKNQLZZXALBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229950001248 squalamine Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XSUGZAQEPAMNKG-ZVPUAUSMSA-N (8R,9S,10S,13S,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-16,16-diol Chemical class C1CC2CCCC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC(O)(O)[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 XSUGZAQEPAMNKG-ZVPUAUSMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;propane Chemical compound [Li+].C[CH-]C SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical compound NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002328 sterol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012689 Diabetic retinopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100289061 Drosophila melanogaster lili gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- XJLXINKUBYWONI-DQQFMEOOSA-N [[(2r,3r,4r,5r)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3-hydroxy-4-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(2s,3r,4s,5s)-5-(3-carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 XJLXINKUBYWONI-DQQFMEOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010064930 age-related macular degeneration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033115 angiogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001841 cholesterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019416 cholic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002812 cholic acid derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001842 cholic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BWDRDVHYVJQWBO-QWXHOCAMSA-N methyl (4r)-4-[(3r,5r,6s,8s,9s,10r,13r,14s,17r)-3,6-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoate Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](O)C2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(=O)OC)[C@@]2(C)CC1 BWDRDVHYVJQWBO-QWXHOCAMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007040 multi-step synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005834 sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940063673 spermidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P33/00—Preparation of steroids
- C12P33/06—Hydroxylating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J41/00—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring
- C07J41/0033—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005
- C07J41/0055—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005 the 17-beta position being substituted by an uninterrupted chain of at least three carbon atoms which may or may not be branched, e.g. cholane or cholestane derivatives, optionally cyclised, e.g. 17-beta-phenyl or 17-beta-furyl derivatives
- C07J41/0061—Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring not covered by C07J41/0005 the 17-beta position being substituted by an uninterrupted chain of at least three carbon atoms which may or may not be branched, e.g. cholane or cholestane derivatives, optionally cyclised, e.g. 17-beta-phenyl or 17-beta-furyl derivatives one of the carbon atoms being part of an amide group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical-enzymatic synthesis method of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-a method of trihydroxy cholesterol. 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24RThe invention adopts cheap and easily available 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid as raw material, and under the action of alkali and condensing agent, the raw material and N, O-dimethylol hydroxylamine hydrochloride undergo Weinreb reaction to obtain Weinreb amide (III), the Weinreb amide (III) is reacted with organic metal nucleophilic reagent to obtain 24-carbonyl compound (II), the 24-carbonyl compound (II) undergoes chiral asymmetric carbonyl reduction reaction under the catalysis of ketoreductase, and the 24-carbonyl group is reduced to obtain 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-trihydroxycholesterol (I). The synthesis method has the advantages of high efficiency, mild reaction condition, simple process, less byproducts and low cost, and is suitable for industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine synthesis, and in particular relates to a method for efficiently synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24 by a chemical-enzymatic methodR-a method of trihydroxy cholesterol.
Background
Squalamine (squaramine) is a polyamine sterol conjugate in which cholesterol metabolites bind to spermidine, and has the structure shown in formula (1) below:
(1)
Squalamine has various biological activities, and has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral effects, and also has certain activity on Parkinson disease, malaria, obesity and asthma, and can inhibit abnormal angiogenesis in senile macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and cancer production. However, the natural sources of squalamine are very limited, so chemical or biological synthesis of squalamine is an important source route of squalamine.
In the squalamine molecule, the configuration of 24-bit hydrogen sulfate has a great influence on activity, 24RThe hydrogen sulfate has strong antibacterial, antiviral and antitumor activities, so that a reasonable route for synthesizing the squalamine is designed firstlySynthesis of squalamine key intermediate and construction of 24 on steroid nucleus side chainR-OH. Existing construction side chain 24RThe method for synthesizing the key intermediates of the squalamine by using the OH mainly has the problems of expensive reagent, complex reaction conditions, unfriendly environment and the like: zhou Xiangdong A novel method for stereospecifically constructing squalamine side chain by 9 steps of reactions with methyl hyodeoxycholate as raw material to obtain total yield of 48% (Zhou Xiangdong, zhou Weishan. New method for stereospecifically constructing squalamine and neurosteroid side chain [ J)]) However, the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reaction introduced by the method requires an osmium-containing noble metal compound, and is not friendly to the environment; jiang Ning construction of 24 Using Grignard reagent Using 3 beta-acetoxy-7 alpha-methoxymethylene5 alpha-cholanic acid methyl ester as raw MaterialRSynthesis of important intermediates for squalamine-OH (Jiang Ning, chen Shuyan, song Qi, zhang Lili, shi Haijian) [ J ]]) The method has the advantages that part of operation conditions are complex and harsh, the raw materials can be obtained after multi-step synthesis, and the raw materials are not easy to obtain. Squai Zhou takes 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholanic acid methyl ester as raw material, and is reacted in 7 steps to synthesize squalamine intermediate 3-oxo-7 alpha, 24R-dihydroxycholestanes of formula (2):
(2)
However, the synthesis method has a plurality of steps, the raw materials are expensive, and the obtained product is an isomer mixture, whereinRThe d.e. value of the configurational product is lower than 37%, and the subsequent isomer separation is still needed to obtain the product required for synthesizing the squalamineRConfigurational product (Shuai Zhou Study on synthesis of key squalamine intermediate alpha, 24R-dihydroxy-5 alpha-cholestan-3-one [ J ]].). The intermediate 3-oxo-7alpha, 24 of the formula (2) is also synthesized by using 3-oxo-5alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid methyl ester as raw material by Xiang-Dong ZhouR-a dihydroxycholestane compound,Rthe d.e. value of the configuration product can reach 99%, but the synthesis route is long, partial reaction conditions are complex, and the raw material itself can be obtained only by esterification and 3-site selective oxidation of 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid (Xiang-Dong Zhou A new highly stereoselective construction of the sidechain ofsqualamine through impr)oved Sharpless catalyticasymmetricdihydroxylation[J].)。
Sterol core structure of 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid and 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24RThe sterol cores of the-trihydroxy cholesterol are identical in structure, 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24RThe 3-oxo-7α,24 of formula (2) is obtained after specific oxidation of the trihydroxycholesterol by a 3α -HSD enzymeRDihydroxycholestanes. 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid is mainly present in lower vertebrates including fish, birds. Up to now, no related studies have shown that 5α -chenodeoxycholic acid has a better biological activity, and as such, 5α -chenodeoxycholic acid is generally regarded as a by-product and is discarded during extraction of various other cholic acids from animal bile. Therefore, provides a method for efficiently synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24 by taking cheap and easily available 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid as raw materialRThe method of the trihydroxy cholesterol has important significance for the large-scale production of the diagonal shark amine and the improvement of the value of the 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24 with mild reaction conditions, simple process, few byproducts and low costR-a method of trihydroxy cholesterol.
The 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24RThe structure of the trihydroxy cholesterol is shown as a formula (I):
(I)
the invention provides a method for efficiently synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24 by a chemical-enzymatic methodR-a method of trihydroxy cholesterol, comprising in particular the steps of:
,
,
(1) Condensation reaction is carried out on 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid and N, O-dimethylol hydrochloride under the action of alkali and a condensing agent, so as to obtain Weinreb amide (III);
(2) Weinreb amide (III) is subjected to the action of an organometallic nucleophile to obtain Weinreb ketone (II);
(3) Under the NADPH regeneration reduction system, the ketoreductase catalyzes Weinreb ketone (II) to generate chiral asymmetric carbonyl reduction reaction to obtain 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-trihydroxycholesterol (I).
Preferably, the base in step (1) is one or more of triethylamine, N-diisopropylethylamine, 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene; the condensing agent is one or more of O-benzotriazole-N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl urea tetrafluoroboric acid, N, N ' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-1-hydroxybenzotriazole system and benzotriazole-N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate.
Preferably, in the step (1), the molar ratio of the 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid to the N, O-dimethylol hydrochloride is 1 (1-3); the step (1) is carried out in methylene dichloride serving as an organic solvent, and the reaction time is 8-24 hours.
Preferably, the molar ratio of 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid to N, O-dimethylol hydrochloride in the step (1) is 1:1.5; the reaction time of the step (1) is 12h.
Preferably, in the step (2), the molar ratio of Weinreb amide (III) to the organic metal nucleophile is 1 (3-20).
Preferably, the molar ratio of Weinreb amide (III) to organometallic nucleophile in step (2) is 1:5.
Preferably, the organometallic nucleophile in step (2) is one or more of isopropyl magnesium chloride, isopropyl magnesium bromide, isopropyl lithium.
Preferably, the step (2) is performed in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent is one or more of tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 1, 4-dioxane and methyltetrahydrofuran; the reaction temperature is-30-10 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-24 hours.
Preferably, the ketoreductase in step (3) is one or more of KRED-101, KRED-171 and mutants thereof; the reaction time is 3-24 hours.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in the step (2) is 0 ℃ and the reaction time is 12 hours; the reaction time in step (3) was 12h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention provides a method for efficiently synthesizing 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24 by a chemical-enzymatic methodR-a method of trihydroxy cholesterol. The method for synthesizing the squalamine intermediate adopts cheap and easily available 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid as a raw material, and obtains 24-carbonyl compound (II) through Weinreb reaction, wherein (II) reduces 24-carbonyl under the catalysis of ketoreductase to obtain 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-trihydroxycholesterol (i); 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24RThe side chain of the trihydroxy cholesterol and the hydroxyl on the 24 th position are completely consistent with the squalamine, so that the squalamine can be efficiently and rapidly synthesized. The method has the advantages of simple steps, low cost, mild conditions, simple and convenient operation and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the compound of formula (I) obtained in example 1 1 H-NMR spectrum.
FIG. 2 shows the compound of formula (I) obtained in example 1 13 C-NMR spectrum.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the process, conditions, reagents, experimental methods, etc. for carrying out the present invention are not limited to the examples, and unless specifically mentioned below, all the experimental materials used are readily available from commercial companies unless otherwise indicated.
The 5 a-chenodeoxycholic acid starting material used in the following examples was purchased from the mountain lark biotechnology company, ltd; ketoreductase KRED-101, KRED-171 were purchased from Shang Ke Bio-medicine (Shanghai) Inc.
Example 1
1. Synthesis of Compound of formula (III)
,
5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid (5.1 g,13 mmol), N, O-diMethanolamine hydrochloride (1.5 g,16 mmol) was added to dichloromethane (50 mL), triethylamine (4.5 mL,33 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (2.6 g,20 mmol) and N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (3.2 g,16 mmol) were then added in this order and reacted at room temperature 12h. After completion of TLC detection reaction, washing with water, drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, spin-drying, and column chromatography purification gave the compound of formula (III) (5.0 g, 89%). 1 HNMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) δ 4.00-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.80-3.74 (m, 1H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.19 (s, 3H), 2.53-2.35 (m, 2H),2.05-1.94(m, 2H), 1.81-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.65 (dt,J= 4.7, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 1.48-1.41 (m, 6H), 1.38-1.28 (m, 9H), 1.21-1.09 (m, 4H), 0.99 (d,J= 6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.83 (s, 3H), 0.71 (s, 3H).
2. Synthesis of Compound of formula (II)
,
To a solution of the compound of formula (iii) (2.2 g,5.0 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (60 mL) was added dropwise a solution of 1.0. 1.0M isopropyl magnesium bromide (28 ml,28 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran at 0 ℃ under an argon atmosphere, and stirring was continued for 30 min at 0 ℃, followed by warming to room temperature and stirring was continued for 12h. After the reaction was completed, ice water was added to quench the reaction, and tetrahydrofuran was removed in vacuo. Then extracted with ethyl acetate (65 mL), washed with water, and the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, dried by spinning, and purified by column chromatography to give the compound of formula (II) (1.0 g, 48%). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) δ 4.00-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.80-3.78 (m, 1H), 2.71-2.68 (m, 1H), 2.60-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.14 (tt,J= 13.1, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 2.06-1.84 (m, 3H), 1.79-1.56 (m, 5H), 1.49-1.39 (m, 6H), 1.37-1.28 (m, 6H), 1.21-1.12 (m, 3H),1.09 (d,J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 0.96 (d,J= 6.5 Hz, 3H), 0.83 (s, 3H), 0.70 (s, 3H).
3. Synthesis of Compound of formula (I)
,
Preparation of a Compound (0.084 g,0.20 mmol) containing formula (II), 1.0mg KRED-101, 100 mM glucose, 1.0 mM NADPH,1.0 mM NADP + 1mg/mL GDH reaction system 200 mL. The whole reaction system was reacted at 25℃and 220rpm for 12h, and the reaction was completed. The reaction was extracted with an equal volume of ethyl acetate, the extraction was repeated three times, and finally the organic phases were combined, dried by spin-drying and purified by column chromatography to give the compound of formula (i) (0.054 g,64%,99.2% d.e.). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 OD) δ 4.00-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.80-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.22 (m, 1H), 2.20-1.87 (m, 3H), 1.83-1.60 (m,4H), 1.59-1.49 (m, 2H), 1.49-1.39 (m, 8H), 1.38-1.08 (m, 10H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H), 0.92 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 6H), 0.83 (s, 3H), 0.71 (s, 3H); 13 C NMR (151 MHz, CD 3 OD) δ 76.39, 67.40, 65.82, 56.23, 50.38, 45.66, 42.28, 39.59, 39.53, 36.36, 35.81,35.69, 35.11, 33.48, 31.98, 31.90, 31.19, 30.12, 28.13, 27.91, 23.13, 20.32, 18.04, 17.80, 16.58, 10.89, 9.24; HRMS (ESI, m/z) Calcd for C 27 H 48 O 3 420.3603, found: 443.3500 [M+Na] + (Calcd 443.3496).
Example 2
Using the same procedure as in example 1 except changing the condensing agent N, N ' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-1-hydroxybenzotriazole system in step 1 of example 1 to benzotriazole-N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate, the yield of Compound III was 78%.
Example 3
Using the same procedure as in example 1 except changing the isopropyl magnesium bromide in step 2 of example 1 to isopropyl lithium, the yield of compound II was 36%.
Example 4
Using the same procedure as in example 1 except changing KRED-101 to KRED-171 in step 3 of example 1, the yield of Compound I was 58%, d.e. 99.3%.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations and advantages that would occur to one skilled in the art are included in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. Chemical-enzymatic synthesis of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-a method of trihydroxycholesterol, comprising the steps of:
,
,
(1) Condensation reaction is carried out on 5 alpha-chenodeoxycholic acid and N, O-dimethylol hydrochloride under the action of alkali and a condensing agent, so as to obtain Weinreb amide (III); the base is one or more of triethylamine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine and 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene; the condensing agent is one or more of O-benzotriazole-N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl urea tetrafluoroboric acid, N, N ' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-1-hydroxybenzotriazole system, benzotriazole-N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate;
(2) Weinreb amide (III) is subjected to the action of an organometallic nucleophile to obtain Weinreb ketone (II); the organic metal nucleophilic reagent is one or more of isopropyl magnesium chloride and isopropyl magnesium bromide;
(3) Under the NADPH regeneration reduction system, the ketoreductase catalyzes Weinreb ketone (II) to generate chiral asymmetric carbonyl reduction reaction to obtain 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 24R-trihydroxycholesterol (I); the ketoreductase is one or more of KRED-101 and KRED-171; the reaction time is 3-24 hours.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of 5 a-chenodeoxycholic acid to N, O-dimethylol hydrochloride in step (1) is 1 (1-3); the step (1) is carried out in methylene dichloride serving as an organic solvent, and the reaction time is 8-24 hours.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of 5 a-chenodeoxycholic acid to N, O-dimethylol hydrochloride in step (1) is 1:1.5; the reaction time of the step (1) is 12h.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of Weinreb amide (III) to organometallic nucleophile in step (2) is 1 (3-20).
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of Weinreb amide (III) to organometallic nucleophile in step (2) is 1:5.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein step (2) is performed in an organic solvent, the organic solvent being one or more of tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 1, 4-dioxane, methyl tetrahydrofuran; the reaction temperature is-30-10 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-24 hours.
7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reaction temperature in step (2) is 0 ℃ and the reaction time is 12 hours; the reaction time in step (3) was 12h.
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US4360470A (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-11-23 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Process and intermediates for the synthesis of Vitamin D3 metabolites and chenodeoxycholic acid |
EP2441771A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-18 | PharmaZell GmbH | New 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mutants, method for their manufacture and application thereof |
CN107531743A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-01-02 | 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 | Chenodeoxycholic acid derivatives |
CN109071593A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-12-21 | 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 | Steroid derivatives FXR agonist |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4360470A (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-11-23 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Process and intermediates for the synthesis of Vitamin D3 metabolites and chenodeoxycholic acid |
EP2441771A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-18 | PharmaZell GmbH | New 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mutants, method for their manufacture and application thereof |
CN107531743A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-01-02 | 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 | Chenodeoxycholic acid derivatives |
CN109071593A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-12-21 | 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 | Steroid derivatives FXR agonist |
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