CN116496888B - Ultra-high flux multiple PCR amplicon recognition system - Google Patents
Ultra-high flux multiple PCR amplicon recognition system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medical detection equipment, and provides an ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system, which comprises an amplification module; the amplification module comprises a base frame, wherein a plurality of matching surfaces are distributed on the side surface of the base frame at equal angles, and each matching surface is connected to a rotating shaft sleeve nested on a central shaft of the base frame through a swing arm on the back surface; each matching surface is provided with a microfluidic unit; the microfluidic unit comprises a mixing cavity and an amplification reaction cavity; after a sample enters a mixing cavity, mixing the sample with a preset primer, and driving the rotating shaft sleeve to swing back and forth so as to accelerate the mixing progress of fluid in the mixing cavity; and after mixing, carrying out rapid PCR amplification reaction treatment on the liquid drop of each mixed fluid through an amplification reaction cavity, wherein a soaking layer is arranged on the surface of a heating electrode of the amplification reaction cavity so as to improve the heating effect and the distribution effect of electrons near the electrode, and finally realizing the high-flux amplification reaction effect.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of medical detection devices. In particular to an ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system.
Background
Multiplex PCR is a PCR technique that allows for the simultaneous amplification of Multiple different DNA fragments. Unlike conventional PCR, multiplex amplicon PCR uses multiple primers to amplify multiple target sequences, thereby simultaneously detecting multiple target sequences in a single PCR reaction. This technique can greatly increase the efficiency and speed of PCR while reducing the cost and time of the reaction. Multiplex amplicon PCR typically uses multiple primers to amplify multiple target sequences, which are typically labeled in different colors or labels to distinguish after the PCR reaction. This technique can be used in many contexts, such as genotyping, pathogen detection, gene expression analysis, etc. However, the current amplification technology needs to perform multiple thermal cycles on a sample mixture to generate enough quantity of amplicons for identification detection, and the efficiency needs to be improved under the application scenario that a large number of amplicons need to be detected.
According to the disclosed technical scheme, publication No. CN110592200A discloses a multiplex PCR method for improving amplification specificity and uniformity, which is proposed to fully bond an amplification primer to a template DNA under a lower annealing temperature mode, gradually increase the annealing temperature and improve the bonding specificity of each primer; this results in a significant improvement in the amplification specificity and uniformity of multiplex PCR; the technical proposal of publication No. JP2009000076a proposes a method for miniaturizing a PCR device, which adopts a flow channel design that can be elastically changed, so that the structure of a reaction chamber can be flexibly designed and set; publication number US2019055591 (A1) proposes to accelerate the thermal cycling process of the amplificate using a heating assembly with a heating rate up to 200 ℃ to increase the detection rate.
The above technical solutions all propose to improve the amplification rate by changing the cavity structure of the amplification thermal cycle or the performance of the heating component, but the pretreatment detail technology of the amplified product and the technical solution of the whole system for identifying and detecting the amplified product need to be optimized and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon identification system, which comprises an amplification module; the amplification module comprises a base frame, wherein a plurality of matching surfaces are distributed on the side surface of the base frame at equal angles, and each matching surface is connected to a rotating shaft sleeve nested on a central shaft of the base frame through a swing arm on the back surface; each matching surface is provided with a microfluidic unit; the microfluidic unit comprises a mixing cavity and an amplification reaction cavity; after a sample enters a mixing cavity, mixing the sample with a preset primer, and driving the rotating shaft sleeve to swing back and forth so as to accelerate the mixing progress of fluid in the mixing cavity; and after mixing, carrying out rapid PCR amplification reaction treatment on the liquid drop of each mixed fluid through an amplification reaction cavity, wherein a soaking layer is arranged on the surface of a heating electrode of the amplification reaction cavity so as to improve the heating effect and the distribution effect of electrons near the electrode, and finally realizing the high-flux amplification reaction effect.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system, the recognition system comprising:
the memory is used for storing temporary data and/or identification result data generated in the processing process of the identification system; and further includes storing programs, algorithms and other necessary data required by the identification system during operation; and a processor, which is communicated with the memory and is used for executing the work control of the identification system and the detection and identification processing of the detection object according to the program and algorithm appointed in the memory; and
an amplification module, communicatively coupled to the processor, for performing multiple PCR amplification operations on the genomic sample;
the identification module is used for identifying and detecting the amplicons amplified by the amplification module and outputting an identification result;
wherein the amplification module comprises: the micro-fluidic device comprises a base frame (1), wherein a plurality of rectangular matching surfaces (2) are distributed on the side surface of the base frame (1) at equal angles, and the front surface of each matching surface (2) comprises a clamp provided with a micro-fluidic unit (3);
the microfluidic unit (3) is used for performing PCR amplification on the liquid drops of the sample and outputting a product to be detected, which is suitable for the subsequent recognition module to recognize the amplicon; a plurality of sequentially connected mixing cavities (8) and amplification reaction cavities (4) are arranged in the microfluidic unit (3); the amplification reaction chamber (4) is provided with a heating unit for periodically adjusting the reaction temperature in the amplification reaction chamber according to the temperature cycle requirement of an amplification program;
and, two adjacent mating surfaces (2) in the base frame (1) have equal relative angles; each matching surface (2) is connected to a rotating shaft sleeve (6) nested on a central shaft (5) of the base frame through a swing arm (7) arranged on the back surface; a plurality of rotary shaft sleeves (6) are sequentially nested on different heights of the central shaft (5) of the base frame; the rotary shaft sleeve (6) is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate around the central shaft (5) of the base frame according to the requirement, so that the corresponding matching surface (2) is driven to swing left and right;
preferably, the amplification reaction chamber comprises a surface layer (10), a bottom layer (20) and a side wall (30); the surface layer (10), the bottom layer (20) and the side wall (30) are enclosed to form a cavity for bearing various fluid droplets for amplification reaction; wherein the bottom layer (20) comprises:
the heating device comprises a bottom substrate (24) and a heating assembly arranged on the surface of the bottom substrate (24), wherein the heating assembly comprises a plurality of heating electrodes (26) and a plurality of sensors (27), and a circuit (25) electrically connected with each heating electrode (26) and each sensor (27); and further comprising an under-layer coating (23), said under-layer coating (23) completely covering said heating assembly and affixing said heating assembly to said under-layer substrate (24) and electrically insulating a plurality of heating electrodes (26) from the sensor (27);
the soaking layer (22) is covered on the surface of the coating (23) in the bottom layer and is closely contacted with the heating electrodes (26), so that heat generated by the heating electrodes (26) can be quickly and uniformly conducted to various positions in the amplification reaction cavity; and, also include the first hydrophobic layer (21), cover on the surface of the said soaking layer (22), in order to form the hydrophobic surface;
preferably, the facing (10) comprises:
a blanket substrate (14), and an auxiliary heating assembly disposed above the blanket substrate (14), the auxiliary heating assembly comprising a plurality of auxiliary heating electrodes (16); the heating electrode (26) is used for generating an electric field in cooperation with the upper electrode layer (13) serving as a ground electrode; the second hydrophobic layer (11) is covered on the surface of the surface layer substrate (14) to form a hydrophobic surface;
wherein the surface layer substrate (14) completely covers the auxiliary heating assembly and the upper electrode layer (13), and the auxiliary heating assembly is fixed on the surface layer substrate (14);
preferably, a single heating electrode (26) is positioned below a corresponding single auxiliary heating electrode (16), so that when fluid droplets in a micro-channel enter a corresponding space between one heating electrode (26) and a corresponding auxiliary heating electrode (16), the fluid droplets are heated simultaneously from an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface;
preferably, the heating assembly and the auxiliary heating assembly are electrically connected to a power supply, and the heating power of the heating assembly and the auxiliary heating assembly are respectively controlled by the processor;
preferably, the processor adjusts the swing amplitude a and the swing frequency f of the swing arm (7) according to the current liquid volume within the mixing chamber (8); wherein, the immediate upper limit value of the swing amplitude A and the swing frequency f is set according to the following calculation formula;
；
；
wherein A is max And f max For the maximum value of the swing amplitude and the swing frequency, eta is an amplitude adjusting coefficient, and the three are set by related technicians according to mechanical design mechanical calculation and structural stability of the amplification module; q is the volume capacity of the mixing chamber (8) that is currently filled with fluid, Q is the upper volume capacity of the mixing chamber (8) that allows for the filling of fluid; n is the total number of the matching surfaces (2) configured on the base frame, and m is the number of the matching surfaces (2) in the current working state;
k 1 、k 2 、k 3 for three frequency adjustment coefficients, three applicable phases are selected according to the value of q, set by the skilled person according to the need of mixing the sample fluids, and where k 1 >k 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the e is a natural base number; epsilon is the frequency acceleration coefficient by settingThe value of epsilon is used for regulating the degree of the accelerated swing of the swing frequency f in the second stage<0; b is the acceleration offset number; the values of b and epsilon are set by the skilled person in accordance with the design working capabilities of the drive mechanism.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the identification system of the invention aims at the high-flux amplification detection requirement, and a plurality of microfluidic units are arranged in an amplification module; each microfluidic unit comprises a plurality of amplification reaction chambers, and can simultaneously aim at different samples, detection and identification requirements and different amplification reaction conditions, and simultaneously implement a plurality of amplification reaction conditions;
the amplification reaction chamber in the identification system uses the heating electrode with the soaking layer, so that the reaction speed and the reaction effect in the amplification process can be further improved;
the identification system provided by the invention has the advantages that the function of the shaking mechanism is independently arranged for each microfluidic unit, so that shaking with different amplitudes and frequencies can be implemented for each group of microfluidic units, and the mixing of sample mixed liquid is accelerated;
the identification system adopts modularized design for each software and hardware part, thereby being convenient for upgrading or replacing related software and hardware environments in the future and reducing the use cost.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate like parts in the different views.
1-a base frame; 2-mating surfaces; 3-microfluidic units; 4-an amplification reaction chamber; 5-a central axis of the base frame; 6-rotating the shaft sleeve; 7-swinging arms; 8-a mixing chamber; 10-surface layer; 11-a second hydrophobic layer; 13-an upper electrode layer; 14-a surface layer substrate; 16-auxiliary heating electrode; 20-bottom layer; 30-side walls; 21-a first hydrophobic layer; 22-soaking layer; 23-primer inner coating; 24-an underlying substrate; 25-a circuit; 26-heating the electrode; a 27-sensor; 51-inlet; 52-an air inlet hole; 53-vent holes; 61-a driving mechanism; 62-an air inlet channel; 63-exhaust passage;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole amplification module of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a microfluidic cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mating surfaces, swing arms, and rotating sleeves of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cooperation of a central shaft of a base frame and a rotating shaft sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a side cross-section of each layer of an amplification reaction chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom layer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a heater electrode according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a facing layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an auxiliary heating electrode according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a swinging motion generated by cooperation of the rotation shaft sleeve and the driving mechanism in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples thereof; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other systems, methods, and/or features of the present embodiments will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in, and will be apparent from, the following detailed description.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there is an azimuth or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or component referred to must have a specific azimuth, construction and operation in which the term is described in the drawings is merely illustrative, and it is not to be construed that the term is limited to the patent, and specific meanings of the term may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
Embodiment one: an ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system is exemplarily presented, the recognition system comprising:
the memory is used for storing temporary data and/or identification result data generated in the processing process of the identification system; and further includes storing programs, algorithms and other necessary data required by the identification system during operation; and a processor, which is communicated with the memory and is used for executing the work control of the identification system and the detection and identification processing of the detection object according to the program and algorithm appointed in the memory; and an amplification module communicatively coupled to the processor for performing multiple PCR amplification operations on the genomic sample;
the identification module is used for identifying and detecting the amplicons amplified by the amplification module and outputting an identification result;
wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the amplification module comprises:
the microfluidic device comprises a base frame 1, wherein a plurality of rectangular matching surfaces 2 are distributed on the side surface of the base frame 1 at equal angles, and the front surface of each matching surface 2 comprises a clamp for installing a microfluidic unit 3;
the microfluidic unit 3, as shown in fig. 2, is configured to make droplets of a sample perform PCR amplification, and output a product to be detected suitable for the subsequent recognition module to perform amplicon recognition; in the microfluidic unit 3, a plurality of sequentially connected mixing chambers 8 and amplification reaction chambers 4 are provided; the amplification reaction chamber 4 is provided with a heating unit for periodically adjusting the reaction temperature in the amplification reaction chamber according to the temperature cycle requirement of the amplification procedure;
and, two adjacent mating surfaces 2 in the base frame 1 have equal relative angles; as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, each of the mating surfaces is connected to a rotating shaft sleeve 6 nested on the central shaft 5 of the base frame through a swing arm 7 arranged on the back surface; the plurality of rotary shaft sleeves 6 are sequentially nested on different heights of the central shaft 5 of the base frame; the rotary shaft sleeve 6 is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate around the central shaft 5 of the base frame according to the requirement, so as to drive the corresponding matching surface 2 to swing left and right;
preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the amplification reaction chamber comprises a surface layer 10, a bottom layer 20 and a side wall 30; the surface layer 10, the bottom layer 20 and the side wall 30 are enclosed to form a cavity for bearing various fluids for amplification reaction;
as shown in fig. 6, the bottom layer 20 includes:
a base substrate 24, and a heating element disposed on a surface of the base substrate 24; as shown in fig. 7, the heating assembly includes a plurality of heating electrodes 26 and a plurality of sensors 27, and a circuit 25 electrically connected to each of the heating electrodes 26 and the sensors 27; and, further comprising an under-layer coating 23, said under-layer coating 23 entirely covering said heating assembly and affixing said heating assembly to said under-layer substrate 24 and electrically isolating a plurality of heating electrodes 26 from the sensor 27;
a soaking layer 22, wherein the soaking layer 22 covers the surface of the primer layer inner coating 23 and is in close contact with the plurality of heating electrodes 26, so that heat generated by the heating electrodes 26 can be quickly and uniformly conducted to various positions inside the amplification reaction chamber; and, further include the first hydrophobic layer 21, cover on the surface of the said soaking layer 22, in order to form the hydrophobic surface;
preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the surface layer 10 includes:
a facing substrate 14, and an auxiliary heating assembly disposed above the facing substrate 14, the auxiliary heating assembly comprising a plurality of auxiliary heating electrodes 16; further comprising an upper electrode layer 13 for generating an electric field as a ground electrode in cooperation with the heating electrode 26; the second hydrophobic layer 11 is covered on the surface of the surface layer substrate 14 to form a hydrophobic surface;
wherein the surface layer substrate 14 completely covers the auxiliary heating assembly and the upper electrode layer 13, and the auxiliary heating assembly is fixed on the surface layer substrate 14;
preferably, as shown in fig. 9, a single heating electrode 26 is located below a corresponding single auxiliary heating electrode 16, so that when a fluid droplet in a micro-channel enters a corresponding space between one heating electrode 26 and a corresponding auxiliary heating electrode 16, the fluid droplet is heated simultaneously from an upper heating surface and a lower heating surface;
preferably, the heating assembly and the auxiliary heating assembly are electrically connected to a power supply, and the heating power of the heating assembly and the auxiliary heating assembly are respectively controlled by the processor;
preferably, the processor adjusts the swing amplitude a and the swing frequency f of the swing arm 7 according to the current liquid volume in the mixing chamber 8; wherein, the immediate upper limit value of the swing amplitude A and the swing frequency f is set according to the following calculation formula;
；
；
wherein A is max And f max For the maximum value of the swing amplitude and the swing frequency, eta is an amplitude adjusting coefficient, and the three are set by related technicians according to mechanical design mechanical calculation and structural stability of the amplification module; q is the volume capacity of the mixing chamber 8 that is currently being filled with fluid, Q is the upper volume capacity of the mixing chamber 8 that allows for the injection of fluid; n is the total number of the matching surfaces 2 configured on the base frame, and m is the number of the matching surfaces 2 in the current working state;
k 1 、k 2 、k 3 for three frequency adjustment coefficients, three applicable phases are selected according to the value of q, set by the skilled person according to the need of mixing the sample fluids, and where k 1 >k 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the e is a natural bottomA number; epsilon is a frequency acceleration coefficient, and the degree of acceleration swing of the swing frequency f in the second stage is regulated by setting the value of epsilon<0; b is the acceleration offset number; the values of b and epsilon are set by the skilled person in accordance with the design working capabilities of the drive mechanism.
Embodiment two: this embodiment should be understood to include at least all of the features of any one of the preceding embodiments, and be further modified based thereon;
in some preferred embodiments, the central axis 5 of the base frame is vertically disposed, and the mating surfaces and the plane of the microfluidic unit 3 are disposed axially parallel to the central axis 5 of the base frame; the sample fluid is input into the inlet 51 from the upper part of the microfluidic unit 3 and enters the mixing cavities 8 along with the branches of the micro flow channels;
preferably, the genome-containing sample should be a pre-treated fluid, including having undergone filtration, dilution, lysis, etc.; moreover, the concentration of the sample should meet the requirement of smoothly entering and passing through the micro-channel in the micro-fluidic unit 3 to ensure that the amplification reaction process is smooth;
preferably, the inlet 51 may have a diameter of 1.0mm to about 2.0mm; and preferably, the inlet 51 may have a diameter of 1.0mm to about 1.5mm;
further, the sample is driven by positive pressure into the inlet 51; preferably, the air hole air inlet hole 52 is arranged, so that positive pressure air flow supplement can be carried out in the flow channel between the inlet 51 and the mixing cavity 8, and the sample is driven to circulate under enough air pressure;
further, the inlet vents 52 may be connected to a positive pressure input device, the inlet vents 52 being connected to the front of the inlet of the mixing chamber 8 via the inlet vents 62 for properly accelerating the fluid into the mixing chamber 8 by positive pressure;
further, an exhaust hole 53 is provided; and preferably the vent 53 is connected to a negative pressure device; the exhaust hole 53 is connected to the tail section of the output port of the microfluidic unit through an exhaust passage 63; evacuating the microfluidic unit by setting negative pressure and accelerating the discharge of amplified products;
preferably, each micro-channel is provided with a magnetic control valve controlled by a processor before entering each mixing cavity 8; whether the fluid is allowed to enter the mixing cavity 8 is controlled by a magnetic control valve;
further, mixed primers required for PCR amplification are preset in the mixing chamber 8, and the mixed primers can be a combination of a plurality of primers suitable for multiplex PCR amplification;
preferably, each pair of primers in the mixed primer should pass a separate PCR validation: before multiplex PCR, each pair of primers must be subjected to independent PCR, a primer concentration gradient and a Taq enzyme concentration are set at the same time, the specificity and the optimal reaction concentration of each pair of primers are determined, and then the primer pairs are sequentially added to optimize the PCR; usually, a primer with a shorter length is adopted, and the base length of the primer is 18-22 bp; moreover, the primers cannot be complemented, in particular, the complementation of 3' is avoided, so that a dimer is not formed; in addition, the specificity of each primer should be ensured, the complementarity with other amplified fragments and templates should be avoided, and the amplified fragments cannot have larger homology; also, the dissolution temperature T should be used m Similar primers are preferably between 55℃and 60 ℃; for sequences with higher GC content, T is recommended m The higher primer (preferably 75℃to 80 ℃) allows the primer T to be used in the same system m The change is between 3 and 5 ℃; in addition, the fragment sizes of the amplified products of the primers need to be different to a certain extent, so that the amplified products can be conveniently distinguished by using an electrophoresis method; in general, the larger the product fragment, the greater the difference in length should be; meanwhile, the proportion of small fragment amplified products is reduced, the small fragment products are easier to amplify, and the amplification advantage is easily occupied in a mixed system; in addition to blast and individual evaluation of each primer in designing primers, online multiplex primer design tools can be used for evaluation and optimization, such as software tools like Multiple Primer Analyzer from ThermoFisher;
further, the fluid flow in the mixing chamber 8 can be obtained by monitoring a metering device arranged in front of the inlet of the mixing chamber 8; alternatively, it can be obtained by measuring means arranged in the mixing chamber 8; or, the flow rate of the fluid entering the mixing cavity 8 in the designated time is obtained by calculating the flow rate of the micro flow channel in unit time before the mixing cavity 8 and monitoring the opening time of the micro flow channel;
further, after the fluid enters the mixing chamber 8, the oscillation of each mating surface 2 can be started to accelerate the mixing process of the fluid in the mixing chamber 8; in some embodiments, the outermost part or the entire circumferential surface of the rotating sleeve 6 is provided with gears; the driving mechanism 61 is a gear with a worm structure and is meshed with an outer gear of the rotating shaft sleeve 6, so that the rotating shaft sleeve 6 is driven to axially rotate around the central shaft 5 of the base frame when the driving mechanism 61 rotates; the rotation angular velocity of the rotating shaft sleeve 6 can be regulated and controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the worm driven by the driving mechanism 61; meanwhile, the swinging direction of the rotary shaft sleeve 6 can be changed by changing the rotation direction of the worm;
moreover, by cooperatively setting the driving speed and driving direction of the driving mechanism 61, such as the rotation speed and steering of the motor, the control of the swing amplitude a and the swing frequency f can be realized; meanwhile, two formulas as mentioned above;
；
；
regarding the setting of the oscillation amplitude, when the fluid in the mixing chamber 8 is small, the required oscillation amplitude is small, and a sufficient mixing effect can be produced, whereas when the fluid in the mixing chamber 8 is large, the mixing effect is improved by increasing the oscillation amplitude; in addition, when the plurality of mating surfaces 2 work simultaneously, considering the stability problem of the base frame 1, proper consideration is required to reduce the swing amplitude of each mating surface 2 so as to ensure that the base frame maintains a relatively stable position;
furthermore, when the fluid is introduced into the mixing cavity 8, the acceleration degree of the swinging frequency of the matching surface 2 can be adjusted by dividing the current volume capacity q of the fluid in the mixing cavity 8 into three sections of acceleration curves;
wherein when the value of q is smallerWhen the speed of the matching surface 2 is increased, the frequency is increased by a higher acceleration change degree; as the fluid in the mixing chamber 8 increases, the amplitude of oscillation of the mating surface 2 increases, and as the oscillation frequency f approaches the maximum value f of the oscillation frequency max Thus gradually reducing the acceleration degree of the wobble frequency and maintaining the stability of the base frame 1;
alternatively, the driving mechanism 61 may drive the worm to rotate by driving means such as a motor, a steering engine, a magnetic switch, etc.;
optionally, the swinging manner of the rotating shaft sleeve 6 may be driven by a manner such as a reciprocating link mechanism, a cam mechanism, etc., which will not be described herein.
Embodiment III: this embodiment should be understood to include at least all of the features of any one of the preceding embodiments, and be further modified based thereon;
the mixed fluid enters the amplification reaction cavity 4 from the next section of micro flow channel; the amplification reaction chamber 4 is a closed mechanism and comprises a surface layer 10, a bottom layer 20 and a side wall 30; the surface layer 10, the bottom layer 20 and the side wall 30 are enclosed to form a cavity;
wherein the surface substrate 14 and the bottom substrate 24 serve as supports of the amplification reaction chamber 4, which has a great influence on the structural stability design of the amplification reaction chamber 4, and materials which can be selected as substrates generally include glass, silicon, printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) and other flexible materials;
in some preferred embodiments, the top substrate 14 and the bottom substrate 24 are glass plates, silicon, printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), and other flexible materials; the glass substrate has stable chemical property, high chip processing precision, excellent optical property, high temperature resistance and electrical insulation property, and is widely used; in certain embodiments, the top substrate 14 and the bottom substrate 24 have a thickness of about 1.2mm to about 1.8mm; preferably, the facer substrate 14 and the base substrate 24 have a thickness of about 1.5mm;
further, in some preferred embodiments, the sidewall 30 is of the same material as the substrate;
in some preferred embodiments, the height of the sidewall 30 is about 100 μm to about 300 μm; preferably, the sidewall 30 has a height of about 200 μm;
in some preferred embodiments, the sidewalls 30 are bonded and sealed to the face layer 10, bottom layer 20 by UV glue;
further, two contact surfaces which are in direct contact with the fluid in the inner layer of the amplification reaction chamber 4 are respectively provided with a hydrophobic layer, namely a first hydrophobic layer 21 and a second hydrophobic layer 11; the hydrophobic layer is mainly used for reducing the driving resistance of the liquid drops and increasing the contact angle of the liquid drops;
in some preferred embodiments, the hydrophobic layer is made of a crystal fluorine-containing polymer of iron fluorine Long Huofei (Cytop), and the iron fluorine has good chemical stability, light transmittance, electrical properties and the like, and is widely used in the study of dielectric wetting; the main components of the composition are 4, 5-difluoro-bis- (trifluoromethyl) -1, 3-dioxyazole (PDD) and Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), and the composition is usually mixed with FC-40 to prepare teflon solutions with different mass fractions; the hydrophobicity of the film formed in dielectric wetting is very high, and the contact angle of the micro liquid drops of the fluid can reach 110-120 degrees; the Cytop material has the properties of high transmittance, good electrical property, high transparency and the like, and researches show that the Cytop hydrophobic material is used as a hydrophobic layer, and the contact angle can reach 106-112 degrees;
in some preferred embodiments, the first hydrophobic layer 21 and the second hydrophobic layer 11 are the same material; also, the thicknesses of the first hydrophobic layer 21 and the second hydrophobic layer 11 may be the same or different;
in some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the first hydrophobic layer 21 and the second hydrophobic layer 11 is from about 110nm to about 140nm, or from about 120nm to about 130nm;
further, the primer layer 23 functions as a dielectric layer in the amplification reaction chamber 4; the dielectric layer is mainly used for accumulating charges, so that the fluid liquid drop can prevent electrode breakdown in the operation process, the voltage required in the liquid drop operation process is closely related to the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer material and is in inverse proportion, namely, when the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is higher, the voltage required for driving the liquid drop is lower, so that the material with high dielectric constant is used as the dielectric layer as much as possible for reducing the voltage;
common mediumThe material of the electric layer is SiO 2 、Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 Ultraviolet curable resins such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and SU-8 photoresist, parylene (parylene) materials, and the like;
the dielectric layer should be sufficiently strong yet have a substantial softness; it should not be easily peeled from the substrate during thermal expansion and contraction during heating and cooling;
in some preferred embodiments, the thickest location of the primer layer coating 23 has a thickness of about 10 μm;
further, the material of the upper electrode layer 13 is preferably Indium Tin Oxide (ITO);
further, one heating electrode 26 is disposed in a spaced relationship with respect to one of the top auxiliary heating electrodes 16, such that one heating electrode 26 and one auxiliary heating electrode 16 are capable of acting on at least one fluid droplet in the first hydrophobic layer 21 and the second hydrophobic layer 11 in the defined space of the amplification reaction chamber 4; that is, each pair of heating electrodes 26 and the opposite one of the auxiliary heating electrodes 16 form a pair of dual heaters, wherein the center of the heating electrode 26 and the center of the auxiliary heating electrode 16 are located approximately along the same straight line perpendicular to the facing 10 or the bottom layer 20 to achieve the maximum heating efficiency; the double heaters are added into the amplification reaction cavity 4 to provide heat for the liquid drops containing the PCR mixture from the top and the bottom, so that the temperature difference in the liquid drops is reduced, the heating voltage is reduced, and the reaction time is shortened;
and, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the heating electrode 26 and the auxiliary heating electrode 16 are in a tree-fork-branch shape, and each branch may have a width of 150 μm to 200 μm;
further, by providing the soaking layer 22 on the surface of the heating electrode 26, heat can be effectively and evenly and rapidly diffused into the amplification reaction chamber 4, so that the whole temperature in the amplification reaction chamber 4 is in a stable state, and the fluctuation or intermittent condition of the temperature is reduced;
further, by arranging a plurality of sensors 27 between the fork-shaped electrodes for obtaining temperature readings at a plurality of positions, overheating and temperature drop caused by short circuit or open circuit of individual electric heating positions can be effectively prevented, and normal operation of PCR amplification reaction is ensured;
through the arrangement, the identification system can simultaneously carry out the ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon identification detection work, and effectively improves the efficiency of related detection.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
While the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the methods, systems and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations may omit, replace, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, in alternative configurations, the methods may be performed in a different order than described, and/or various components may be added, omitted, and/or combined. Moreover, features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations, such as different aspects and elements of the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, as the technology evolves, elements therein may be updated, i.e., many of the elements are examples, and do not limit the scope of the disclosure or the claims.
Specific details are given in the description to provide a thorough understanding of exemplary configurations involving implementations. However, configurations may be practiced without these specific details, e.g., well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring configurations. This description provides only an example configuration and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configuration will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.
It is intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is intended that it be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting. Various changes and modifications to the present invention may be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings herein, and such equivalent changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system, the recognition system comprising:
the memory is used for storing temporary data and/or identification result data generated in the processing process of the identification system; and further comprising storing programs, algorithms and data required by the identification system during operation; and a processor, which is communicated with the memory and is used for executing the work control of the identification system and the detection and identification processing of the detection object according to the program and algorithm appointed in the memory; and an amplification module communicatively coupled to the processor for performing multiple PCR amplification operations on the genomic sample;
the identification module is used for identifying and detecting the amplicons amplified by the amplification module and outputting an identification result;
wherein the amplification module comprises: the micro-fluidic device comprises a base frame (1), wherein a plurality of rectangular matching surfaces (2) are distributed on the side surface of the base frame (1) at equal angles, and the front surface of each matching surface (2) comprises a clamp provided with a micro-fluidic unit (3); the microfluidic unit (3) is used for performing PCR amplification on the liquid drops of the sample and outputting a product to be detected, which is suitable for the subsequent recognition module to recognize the amplicon; a plurality of sequentially connected mixing cavities (8) and amplification reaction cavities (4) are arranged in the microfluidic unit (3); the amplification reaction chamber (4) is provided with a heating unit for periodically adjusting the reaction temperature in the amplification reaction chamber according to the temperature cycle requirement of an amplification program;
and, two adjacent mating surfaces (2) in the base frame (1) have equal relative angles; each matching surface (2) is connected to a rotating shaft sleeve (6) nested on a central shaft (5) of the base frame through a swing arm (7) arranged on the back surface; a plurality of rotary shaft sleeves (6) are sequentially nested on different heights of the central shaft (5) of the base frame; the rotary shaft sleeve (6) is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate around the central shaft (5) of the base frame according to the requirement, so that the corresponding matching surface (2) is driven to swing left and right;
the central shaft of the base frame is vertically arranged, and a plurality of matching surfaces and the plane of the microfluidic unit are axially parallel to the central shaft of the base frame;
gears are arranged on the outermost part or all circumferential surfaces of the rotating shaft sleeve; the driving mechanism is a gear with a worm structure and is meshed with the outer gear of the rotating shaft sleeve, so that the rotating shaft sleeve is driven to axially rotate around the central shaft of the base frame when the driving mechanism rotates; the rotation angle speed of the rotating shaft sleeve can be regulated and controlled by controlling the speed of the driving mechanism to drive the rotation speed of the worm; meanwhile, the swinging direction of the rotary shaft sleeve can be changed by changing the rotation direction of the worm;
the processor adjusts the swing amplitude A and the swing frequency f of the swing arm (7) according to the current liquid capacity in the mixing cavity (8); wherein, the immediate upper limit value of the swing amplitude A and the swing frequency f is set according to the following calculation formula;
；
；
wherein A is max And f max For maximum value of swing amplitude and swing frequency, η is amplitude adjusting coefficient, A is above max 、f ma Setting eta according to mechanical design mechanical calculation and structural stability of the amplification module; q is the volume capacity of the mixing chamber (8) that is currently filled with fluid, Q is the upper volume capacity of the mixing chamber (8) that allows for the filling of fluid; n is the total number of the matching surfaces (2) arranged on the base frame, and m is the current working stateThe number of the matching surfaces (2) in the state; k (k) 1 、k 2 、k 3 For three frequency adjustment coefficients, three applicable phases are selected according to the value of q, and where k 1 >k 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the e is a natural base number; epsilon is a frequency acceleration coefficient, and the degree of acceleration swing of the swing frequency f in the second stage is regulated by setting the value of epsilon<0; b is the acceleration offset number; the values of b and epsilon are set according to the design operating capacity of the drive mechanism.
2. The ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amplification reaction chamber (4) comprises a top layer (10), a bottom layer (20) and a sidewall (30); the surface layer (10), the bottom layer (20) and the side wall (30) are enclosed to form a cavity for bearing various fluid droplets for amplification reaction; wherein the bottom layer (20) comprises: the heating device comprises a bottom substrate (24) and a heating assembly arranged on the surface of the bottom substrate (24), wherein the heating assembly comprises a plurality of heating electrodes (26) and a plurality of sensors (27), and a circuit (25) electrically connected with each heating electrode (26) and each sensor (27); and further comprising an under-layer coating (23), said under-layer coating (23) completely covering said heating assembly and affixing said heating assembly to said under-layer substrate (24) and electrically insulating a plurality of heating electrodes (26) from the sensor (27); the soaking layer (22) is covered on the surface of the coating (23) in the bottom layer and is closely contacted with the heating electrodes (26), so that heat generated by the heating electrodes (26) can be quickly and uniformly conducted to various positions in the amplification reaction cavity; and the soaking device also comprises a first hydrophobic layer (21) which is covered on the surface of the soaking layer (22) to form a hydrophobic surface.
3. The ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the surface layer (10) comprises:
a blanket substrate (14), and an auxiliary heating assembly disposed above the blanket substrate (14), the auxiliary heating assembly comprising a plurality of auxiliary heating electrodes (16); the heating electrode (26) is used for generating an electric field in cooperation with the upper electrode layer (13) serving as a ground electrode; the second hydrophobic layer (11) is covered on the surface of the surface layer substrate (14) to form a hydrophobic surface;
wherein the surface layer substrate (14) completely covers the auxiliary heating assembly and the upper electrode layer (13), and the auxiliary heating assembly is fixed on the surface layer substrate (14).
4. The ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system of claim 3, wherein a single one of the heating electrodes (26) is positioned below a corresponding single one of the auxiliary heating electrodes (16) such that fluid droplets within the microchannel are heated simultaneously from both the upper and lower heating surfaces as they enter the corresponding space of one of the heating electrodes (26) and the corresponding auxiliary heating electrode (16).
5. The ultra-high throughput multiplex PCR amplicon recognition system of claim 4, wherein the heating assembly and the auxiliary heating assembly are electrically connected to a power source and the heating power of the heating assembly and the auxiliary heating assembly are controlled by the processor, respectively.
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