CN116495878A - Gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar anaerobic biochemical treatment of sewage - Google Patents
Gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar anaerobic biochemical treatment of sewage Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/40—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors responsive to temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/10—Temperature conditions for biological treatment
- C02F2301/106—Thermophilic treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于污水处理设备技术领域，具体涉及一种基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气‑热联产多能互补系统，包括污水收集池、热泵机组、太阳能集热器、电加热器、厌氧反应器、第一水箱、热交换器、补水管、沼气锅炉、沼气净化器、加热循环管、第二水箱、温度控制器、第一温度检测器、第二温度检测器、第一循环泵、第二循环泵、阀门、沼气泵和水泵。通过太阳能集热器利用太阳能来加热热交换器中的污水，清洁无污染；污水在厌氧反应器中经三相分离器处理后，可以预热热泵机组中的污水，充分回收剩余热量；厌氧污水加热系统给厌氧工艺过程中的污水加热，实现多能互补，最终优化后的系统更加节能高效，进一步节省运行成本，满足社会和经济效益。
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, and specifically relates to a gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar anaerobic biochemical treatment of sewage, including a sewage collection pool, a heat pump unit, a solar heat collector, an electric heater, an anaerobic Reactor, first water tank, heat exchanger, water supply pipe, biogas boiler, biogas purifier, heating circulation pipe, second water tank, temperature controller, first temperature detector, second temperature detector, first circulation pump, Second circulation pump, valves, biogas pump and water pump. The solar collector uses solar energy to heat the sewage in the heat exchanger, which is clean and pollution-free; after the sewage is treated by the three-phase separator in the anaerobic reactor, it can preheat the sewage in the heat pump unit and fully recover the remaining heat; The oxygen sewage heating system heats the sewage in the anaerobic process to achieve multi-energy complementarity. The final optimized system is more energy-saving and efficient, further saving operating costs and meeting social and economic benefits.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于污水处理设备技术领域，具体涉及一种基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气-热联产多能互补系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar energy sewage anaerobic biochemical treatment.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国经济的不断发展，我国城镇化建设的速度不断加快，人民生活水平不断提高，日常生活民用水量不断增加，随之产生的生活污水也在增加；同时，工业化进程的加快导致工业废水的排放量随之增加。因此，增加了污水处理的能源损耗，依据国家提出的低碳、环保、节能、减排工作的要求，如何处理这些污水成为了重中之重。With the continuous development of our country's economy, the speed of urbanization in our country is accelerating, people's living standards are constantly improving, and the daily civil water consumption is increasing, and the domestic sewage generated is also increasing; at the same time, the acceleration of industrialization has led to the increase of industrial wastewater. Emissions increased accordingly. Therefore, the energy consumption of sewage treatment is increased. According to the requirements of low carbon, environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction proposed by the state, how to deal with these sewage has become the top priority.
厌氧反应系统是处理中高浓度的有机废水的一种不错的方法，避免了污水及其污染物直接向江、河、湖、海等自然环境排放，防止严重破坏生态环境，影响人类的健康和其他生物的生存。但是，厌氧反应工艺处理污水时有一个难点，就是对处理废水时的温度要求较高，只有在相对较高的温度（38℃)及较小温差区间（35-40℃）内厌氧反应才有较高的效率。现有技术中为了提高厌氧反应的效率，采取了一系列的污水加热以及保温措施，但在现有技术中对污水进行加热、保温需要消耗大量的能耗。而且，在我国的北方地区冬季比较寒冷，原生污水的温度也比较低，无法满足污水处理所需的温度条件，需要对原有污水进行加热升温。为了确保厌氧反应正常运行，老的方法是采用锅炉加热， 这样做使污水加热的成本大大提高，同时也浪费人力和物力。The anaerobic reaction system is a good method for treating medium and high concentration organic wastewater, avoiding the direct discharge of sewage and its pollutants to natural environments such as rivers, lakes, seas, etc., preventing serious damage to the ecological environment, affecting human health and other biological survival. However, there is a difficulty in the treatment of sewage by anaerobic reaction process, that is, the temperature requirement for wastewater treatment is relatively high, and anaerobic reaction can only be performed at a relatively high temperature (38°C) and a small temperature difference range (35-40°C). Have higher efficiency. In order to improve the efficiency of the anaerobic reaction in the prior art, a series of sewage heating and heat preservation measures are taken, but the heating and heat preservation of the sewage in the prior art requires a large amount of energy consumption. Moreover, in the northern part of our country, the winter is relatively cold, and the temperature of the raw sewage is relatively low, which cannot meet the temperature conditions required for sewage treatment, and the original sewage needs to be heated. In order to ensure the normal operation of the anaerobic reaction, the old method is to use boiler heating, which greatly increases the cost of sewage heating, and also wastes manpower and material resources.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气-热联产多能互补系统。通过太阳能集热器、电加热系统、沼气锅炉、热泵机组的共同作用，实现多能互补，最终优化后的系统更加节能高效，进一步节省运行成本，满足社会和经济效益。In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar anaerobic biochemical treatment of sewage. Through the joint action of solar collectors, electric heating systems, biogas boilers, and heat pump units, multi-energy complementarity is realized. The final optimized system is more energy-saving and efficient, further saving operating costs, and meeting social and economic benefits.
本发明采用的技术方案为：一种基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气-热联产多能互补系统，气-热联产多能互补系统包括污水收集池、热泵机组、太阳能集热器、电加热器、厌氧反应器、第一水箱、热交换器、补水管、沼气锅炉、沼气净化器、加热循环管、第二水箱、温度控制器、第一温度检测器、第二温度检测器、第一循环泵、第二循环泵、第一阀门、沼气泵和水泵；所述热泵机组由通过冷媒管道连通的蒸发器、膨胀阀、冷凝器和压缩机组成；所述污水收集池的出水口与热泵机组的冷凝器进水口连通，并通过水泵供水，冷凝器的出水口与第二水箱的进水口连通，热交换器可拆卸地安装在第二水箱内，第二水箱的出水口与厌氧反应器的进水口连通，厌氧反应器的出水口与热泵机组的蒸发器进水口连通，蒸发器的出水口连接下一步工序；所述厌氧反应器产生的沼气通过沼气泵输送至沼气净化器内，沼气净化器的出口与沼气锅炉的进气管连通，沼气锅炉通过燃烧沼气净化器提供的沼气实现加热，沼气锅炉的出水口与厌氧反应器内加热循环管的进水口连通，加热循环管的出水口与沼气锅炉的进水口相连，沼气锅炉加热后的热水通过第二循环泵输送至加热循环管，用于加热厌氧反应器内的污水；所述温度控制器用于自动控制热交换器和厌氧反应器内污水的加热温度；所述太阳能集热器通过第一循环泵向热交换器供水，热交换器的出水口与第一水箱的进口连通，第一水箱通过水泵向太阳能集热器供水，第一水箱设有补水管，所述电加热器可拆卸地安装在第一水箱内。The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar sewage anaerobic biochemical treatment, the gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system includes a sewage collection tank, a heat pump unit, a solar collector, Electric heater, anaerobic reactor, first water tank, heat exchanger, water supply pipe, biogas boiler, biogas purifier, heating circulation pipe, second water tank, temperature controller, first temperature detector, second temperature detector , a first circulating pump, a second circulating pump, a first valve, a biogas pump and a water pump; the heat pump unit is composed of an evaporator, an expansion valve, a condenser and a compressor connected through a refrigerant pipeline; the outlet of the sewage collection tank The water port is connected with the water inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, and the water is supplied by the water pump. The water outlet of the condenser is connected with the water inlet of the second water tank. The heat exchanger is detachably installed in the second water tank. The water outlet of the second water tank is connected with The water inlet of the anaerobic reactor is connected, the water outlet of the anaerobic reactor is connected with the water inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit, and the water outlet of the evaporator is connected to the next process; the biogas generated by the anaerobic reactor is transported to the In the biogas purifier, the outlet of the biogas purifier is connected with the intake pipe of the biogas boiler, and the biogas boiler is heated by burning the biogas provided by the biogas purifier, and the water outlet of the biogas boiler is connected with the water inlet of the heating circulation pipe in the anaerobic reactor. The water outlet of the heating circulation pipe is connected with the water inlet of the biogas boiler, and the hot water heated by the biogas boiler is transported to the heating circulation pipe through the second circulation pump to heat the sewage in the anaerobic reactor; the temperature controller is used to automatically Control the heating temperature of the sewage in the heat exchanger and the anaerobic reactor; the solar collector supplies water to the heat exchanger through the first circulation pump, the water outlet of the heat exchanger communicates with the inlet of the first water tank, and the first water tank passes through The water pump supplies water to the solar heat collector, the first water tank is provided with a water supply pipe, and the electric heater is detachably installed in the first water tank.
进一步地 ，所述厌氧反应器包括壳体、沼气排放管、出水口、三相分离器、布水器、布水罐、出水堰、进水管、下降管和上升管；所述沼气排放管位于壳体的顶部，进水管设置于壳体的底部，布水器位于进水管上方，布水器通过下降管与布水罐连通，布水罐位于壳体上方，三相分离器位于布水器上方，出水堰位于三相分离器上方，布水罐两侧设有上升管。Further, the anaerobic reactor includes a shell, a biogas discharge pipe, a water outlet, a three-phase separator, a water distributor, a water distribution tank, a water outlet weir, a water inlet pipe, a downcomer and a riser; the biogas discharge pipe Located on the top of the shell, the water inlet pipe is set at the bottom of the shell, the water distributor is located above the water inlet pipe, the water distributor is connected to the water distribution tank through the down pipe, the water distribution tank is located above the shell, and the three-phase separator is located on the water distribution tank. Above the three-phase separator, the outlet weir is located above the three-phase separator, and rising pipes are arranged on both sides of the water distribution tank.
进一步地 ，所述沼气锅炉包括炉体、过滤器、进氧管、风机、支撑柱、进水管、排水管、沼气室、空气室、混合室、沼气入管、燃烧器和炉膛；所述沼气入管设置于炉体底部，过滤器位于炉体顶部，炉膛下方依次为混合室、空气室和沼气室，所述进氧管与空气室连通，进氧管与风机连通。Further, the biogas boiler includes a furnace body, a filter, an oxygen inlet pipe, a fan, a support column, a water inlet pipe, a drain pipe, a biogas chamber, an air chamber, a mixing chamber, a biogas inlet pipe, a burner and a furnace; the biogas inlet pipe It is installed at the bottom of the furnace body, the filter is located at the top of the furnace body, and the bottom of the furnace is successively a mixing chamber, an air chamber and a biogas chamber. The oxygen inlet pipe communicates with the air chamber, and the oxygen inlet pipe communicates with the fan.
进一步地 ，所述加热循环管设置在厌氧反应器的底部，加热循环管为螺旋管。Further, the heating circulation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor, and the heating circulation pipe is a spiral pipe.
进一步地 ，所述热交换器的换热管为U型管。Further, the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchanger are U-shaped tubes.
进一步地 ，所述第二水箱的出水口高于厌氧反应器的进水口；厌氧反应器的出水口高于热泵机组中蒸发器的进水口，第二水箱的进水口设置在出水口的上方。Further, the water outlet of the second water tank is higher than the water inlet of the anaerobic reactor; the water outlet of the anaerobic reactor is higher than the water inlet of the evaporator in the heat pump unit, and the water inlet of the second water tank is arranged at the water outlet above.
进一步地 ，所述第一温度检测器设置在第二水箱的上部，所述第二温度检测器设置于厌氧反应器的下部。Further, the first temperature detector is arranged on the upper part of the second water tank, and the second temperature detector is arranged on the lower part of the anaerobic reactor.
本发明的有益效果：提供了一种基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气-热联产多能互补系统。通过太阳能集热器利用太阳能来加热热交换器中的污水，清洁无污染；污水在厌氧反应器中经三相分离器处理后，净水一部分排出到热泵机组，这部分的净水温度较高，流到热泵机组后可以预热热泵机组中的污水，充分回收剩余热量，然后预热后的污水继续流向热交换器和厌氧反应器，从而节约能耗；厌氧污水加热系统给厌氧工艺过程中的污水进行加热，达到了厌氧反应器所需的温度条件，实现多能互补，最终优化后的系统更加节能高效，进一步节省运行成本，满足社会和经济效益。尤其是在能源匮乏地区发挥了更大的作用，能够有效促进环境与经济的协调发展。Beneficial effects of the present invention: provide a gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar energy sewage anaerobic biochemical treatment. The solar collector uses solar energy to heat the sewage in the heat exchanger, which is clean and pollution-free; after the sewage is treated by the three-phase separator in the anaerobic reactor, part of the clean water is discharged to the heat pump unit, and the temperature of this part of clean water is relatively high. High, after flowing to the heat pump unit, the sewage in the heat pump unit can be preheated to fully recover the remaining heat, and then the preheated sewage continues to flow to the heat exchanger and anaerobic reactor, thereby saving energy; The sewage in the oxygen process is heated to meet the temperature conditions required by the anaerobic reactor to achieve multi-energy complementarity. The final optimized system is more energy-saving and efficient, further saving operating costs, and meeting social and economic benefits. Especially in energy-deficient areas, it has played a greater role and can effectively promote the coordinated development of the environment and economy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是实施例一中污水厌氧加热系统的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of sewage anaerobic heating system in embodiment one;
图2是实施例一中换热管结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the heat exchange tube in Embodiment 1;
图3是实施例一中加热循环管结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heating circulation pipe in Embodiment 1;
图4是实施例一中厌氧反应器的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of anaerobic reactor in embodiment one;
图5是实施例一中沼气锅炉的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the biogas boiler in the first embodiment.
实施方式Implementation
实施例Example
参照各图，一种基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气-热联产多能互补系统，气-热联产多能互补系统包括污水收集池1、热泵机组2、太阳能集热器3、电加热器4、厌氧反应器5、第一水箱6、热交换器7、补水管8、沼气锅炉9、沼气净化器10、加热循环管11、第二水箱12、温度控制器13、第一温度检测器14、第二温度检测器15、第一循环泵16、第二循环泵17、第一阀门18、沼气泵19、水泵20、第二阀门21和第三阀门22；所述热泵机组由通过冷媒管道连通的蒸发器201、膨胀阀202、冷凝器203和压缩机204组成；所述污水收集池的出水口与热泵机组的冷凝器进水口连通，并通过水泵供水，冷凝器的出水口与第二水箱的进水口连通，热交换器可拆卸地安装在第二水箱内，第二水箱的出水口与厌氧反应器的进水口连通，厌氧反应器的出水口与热泵机组的蒸发器进水口连通，蒸发器的出水口连接下一步工序；所述厌氧反应器产生的沼气通过沼气泵输送至沼气净化器内，沼气净化器的出口与沼气锅炉的进气管连通，沼气锅炉通过燃烧沼气净化器提供的沼气实现加热，沼气锅炉的出水口与厌氧反应器内加热循环管的进水口连通，加热循环管的出水口与沼气锅炉的进水口相连，沼气锅炉加热后的热水通过第二循环泵输送至加热循环管，用于加热厌氧反应器内的污水；所述温度控制器用于自动控制热交换器和厌氧反应器内污水的加热温度；所述太阳能集热器通过第一循环泵向热交换器供水，热交换器的出水口与第一水箱的进口连通，第一水箱通过水泵向太阳能集热器供水，第一水箱设有补水管，所述电加热器可拆卸地安装在第一水箱内。Referring to each figure, a gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar anaerobic biochemical treatment of sewage, the gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system includes sewage collection pool 1, heat pump unit 2, solar collector 3, electric Heater 4, anaerobic reactor 5, first water tank 6, heat exchanger 7, water supply pipe 8, biogas boiler 9, biogas purifier 10, heating circulation pipe 11, second water tank 12, temperature controller 13, first Temperature detector 14, second temperature detector 15, first circulating pump 16, second circulating pump 17, first valve 18, biogas pump 19, water pump 20, second valve 21 and third valve 22; the heat pump unit It is composed of an evaporator 201, an expansion valve 202, a condenser 203 and a compressor 204 connected through refrigerant pipelines; the water outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, and water is supplied by a water pump, and the outlet of the condenser The water port is connected with the water inlet of the second water tank, the heat exchanger is detachably installed in the second water tank, the water outlet of the second water tank is connected with the water inlet of the anaerobic reactor, the water outlet of the anaerobic reactor is connected with the heat pump unit The water inlet of the evaporator is connected, and the water outlet of the evaporator is connected to the next process; the biogas generated by the anaerobic reactor is transported to the biogas purifier through the biogas pump, and the outlet of the biogas purifier is connected to the intake pipe of the biogas boiler, and the biogas boiler Heating is realized by burning the biogas provided by the biogas purifier. The water outlet of the biogas boiler is connected to the water inlet of the heating circulation pipe in the anaerobic reactor, and the water outlet of the heating circulation pipe is connected to the water inlet of the biogas boiler. The heat generated by the biogas boiler after heating The water is sent to the heating circulation pipe through the second circulating pump for heating the sewage in the anaerobic reactor; the temperature controller is used to automatically control the heating temperature of the sewage in the heat exchanger and the anaerobic reactor; the solar heat collector The heat exchanger supplies water to the heat exchanger through the first circulation pump, the water outlet of the heat exchanger communicates with the inlet of the first water tank, the first water tank supplies water to the solar heat collector through the water pump, the first water tank is provided with a water supply pipe, and the electric heating The device is detachably installed in the first water tank.
所述热泵机组由通过冷媒管道连通的蒸发器201、膨胀阀202、冷凝器203和压缩机204组成。The heat pump unit is composed of an evaporator 201 , an expansion valve 202 , a condenser 203 and a compressor 204 connected through refrigerant pipelines.
所述厌氧反应器包括壳体501、沼气排放管502、出水口503、三相分离器504、布水器505、布水罐506、出水堰507、进水管508、下降管509和上升管510；所述沼气排放管位于壳体的顶部，进水管设置于壳体的底部，布水器位于进水管上方，布水器通过下降管与布水罐连通，布水罐位于壳体上方，三相分离器位于布水器上方，出水堰位于三相分离器上方，布水罐两侧设有上升管。The anaerobic reactor includes a housing 501, a biogas discharge pipe 502, a water outlet 503, a three-phase separator 504, a water distributor 505, a water distribution tank 506, a water outlet weir 507, an inlet pipe 508, a downcomer 509 and an uptake 510; the biogas discharge pipe is located at the top of the housing, the water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the housing, the water distributor is located above the water inlet pipe, the water distributor is connected to the water distribution tank through the downpipe, and the water distribution tank is located above the housing, The three-phase separator is located above the water distributor, the outlet weir is located above the three-phase separator, and rising pipes are arranged on both sides of the water distribution tank.
所述沼气锅炉包括炉体901 、过滤器902、进氧管903、风机904、支撑柱905、进水管906、排水管907、沼气室908、空气室909、混合室910、沼气入管911、燃烧器912和炉膛913；所述沼气入管设置于炉体底部，过滤器位于炉体顶部，炉膛下方依次为混合室、空气室和沼气室，所述进氧管与空气室连通，进氧管与风机连通。The biogas boiler includes a furnace body 901, a filter 902, an oxygen inlet pipe 903, a fan 904, a support column 905, a water inlet pipe 906, a drain pipe 907, a biogas chamber 908, an air chamber 909, a mixing chamber 910, a biogas inlet pipe 911, a combustion chamber device 912 and furnace 913; the biogas inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the filter is located at the top of the furnace body, the bottom of the furnace is followed by a mixing chamber, an air chamber and a biogas chamber, the oxygen inlet pipe communicates with the air chamber, and the oxygen inlet pipe connects with the The fan is connected.
所述加热循环管设置在厌氧反应器的底部，加热循环管为螺旋管；所述热交换器的换热管为U型管；所述第二水箱的出水口高于厌氧反应器的进水口；厌氧反应器的出水口高于热泵机组中蒸发器的进水口，第二水箱的进水口设置在出水口的上方；所述第一温度检测器设置在第二水箱的上部，所述第二温度检测器设置于厌氧反应器的下部。The heating circulation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor, and the heating circulation pipe is a spiral pipe; the heat exchange pipe of the heat exchanger is a U-shaped pipe; the water outlet of the second water tank is higher than that of the anaerobic reactor. water inlet; the water outlet of the anaerobic reactor is higher than the water inlet of the evaporator in the heat pump unit, and the water inlet of the second water tank is arranged above the water outlet; the first temperature detector is arranged on the top of the second water tank, so The second temperature detector is arranged at the lower part of the anaerobic reactor.
基于太阳能污水厌氧生化处理的气-热联产多能互补系统先通过温度控制器设定热交换温度为35℃，然后关闭第二阀门，打开第三阀门，在太阳能集热器中加满水，利用太阳能加热，打开第一循环泵和第一阀门，使热水在热交换器及其附属装置中流动，用温度检测器来检测热交换器中的水温，如果温度达到所设温度，由温度控制器发出信号，第一循环泵停止工作，当温度低于所设温度时，由温度控制器发出信号，启动第一循环泵，优先选择太阳能集热器进行加热，若温度仍未达到所设温度，由温度控制器控制电加热系统继续进行加热，直到达到所设温度。热交换器的进水口设置在出水口上方，上方污水温度高于下方，从而使污水进入厌氧反应器时的温度较高，加热循环管布置在厌氧反应器底部，通过加热循环管来加热厌氧反应器中的污水，可以使先受热的底部污水向上运动，产生对流，起到搅拌作用，污水加热更充分。加热后的水经过三相分离器进行气液分离，净水进入热泵机组，通过蒸发器回收富余热量，然后将净水排放至下一工序进行好氧处理。此时，关闭第三阀门，打开第二阀门，热泵机组的冷媒在蒸发器中吸收热量产生蒸汽，经过压缩机进行压缩，压缩为高温高压后，在冷凝器中冷凝为液态，释放热量，加热污水，送入热交换器所在的水箱中。厌氧反应器中产生的沼气进入集气室，其中一部分在沼气泵的作用下，经沼气净化装置净化后通过沼气管道送入沼气锅炉，通过沼气锅炉燃烧沼气产生热量加热，热水通过第二循环泵输送到加热循环管，给厌氧反应器内的污水加热，然后冷水再重新返回到沼气锅炉，不断循环此过程。此时，用温度控制装置控制关闭电加热系统，只采用太阳能集热器加热和沼气锅炉加热，用温度检测器来检测热交换器和厌氧反应器中的水温，当热交换器的水温低于所设温度，开启热泵机组，当厌氧反应器中的温度低于所设温度时，再次开启电加热系统。The gas-heat cogeneration multi-energy complementary system based on solar sewage anaerobic biochemical treatment first sets the heat exchange temperature to 35°C through the temperature controller, then closes the second valve, opens the third valve, and fills up the solar collector Water is heated by solar energy, the first circulating pump and the first valve are turned on to make hot water flow in the heat exchanger and its accessories, and the temperature detector is used to detect the water temperature in the heat exchanger. If the temperature reaches the set temperature, The temperature controller sends a signal, and the first circulation pump stops working. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the temperature controller sends a signal to start the first circulation pump, and the solar collector is preferred for heating. If the temperature has not yet reached The set temperature is controlled by the temperature controller and the electric heating system continues to heat until it reaches the set temperature. The water inlet of the heat exchanger is set above the water outlet, and the temperature of the upper sewage is higher than that of the lower, so that the temperature of the sewage when it enters the anaerobic reactor is higher. The heating circulation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor and heated by the heating circulation pipe. The sewage in the anaerobic reactor can make the heated bottom sewage move upwards, generate convection, play a stirring role, and the sewage is heated more fully. The heated water passes through the three-phase separator for gas-liquid separation, the purified water enters the heat pump unit, recovers excess heat through the evaporator, and then discharges the purified water to the next process for aerobic treatment. At this time, close the third valve and open the second valve. The refrigerant of the heat pump unit absorbs heat in the evaporator to generate steam, which is compressed by the compressor. Sewage, sent to the tank where the heat exchanger is located. The biogas produced in the anaerobic reactor enters the gas collection chamber, and part of it is purified by the biogas purification device and sent to the biogas boiler through the biogas pipeline under the action of the biogas pump. The circulation pump is sent to the heating circulation pipe to heat the sewage in the anaerobic reactor, and then the cold water is returned to the biogas boiler to continuously circulate this process. At this time, use the temperature control device to control and shut down the electric heating system, only use solar collector heating and biogas boiler heating, use temperature detectors to detect the water temperature in the heat exchanger and anaerobic reactor, when the water temperature of the heat exchanger is low At the set temperature, turn on the heat pump unit, and when the temperature in the anaerobic reactor is lower than the set temperature, turn on the electric heating system again.
在污水收集池和厌氧反应器之间连接热泵机组、热交换器，首先通过太阳能集热器利用太阳能来加热热交换器中的污水，清洁无污染；通过太阳能集热器和电加热系统加热热交换器和厌氧反应器中的污水，污水在厌氧反应器中经三相分离器处理后，净水一部分排出到热泵机组，这部分的净水温度较高，流到热泵机组后可以预热热泵机组中的污水，充分回收剩余热量，然后预热后的污水继续流向热交换器和厌氧反应器，从而节约能耗；厌氧反应器排出的沼气一部分经过沼气锅炉燃烧，以此来加热水，热水流向厌氧反应器底部，加热厌氧反应器内的污水。该厌氧污水加热系统通过太阳能集热器、电加热系统、沼气锅炉、热泵机组的共同作用，给厌氧工艺过程中的污水进行加热，达到了厌氧反应器所需的温度条件，实现多能互补，最终优化后的系统更加节能高效，进一步节省运行成本，满足社会和经济效益。尤其是在能源匮乏地区发挥了更大的作用，能够有效促进环境与经济的协调发展。Connect the heat pump unit and heat exchanger between the sewage collection tank and the anaerobic reactor, first use solar energy to heat the sewage in the heat exchanger through the solar collector, clean and pollution-free; heat through the solar collector and electric heating system The sewage in the heat exchanger and the anaerobic reactor, after the sewage is treated by the three-phase separator in the anaerobic reactor, part of the clean water is discharged to the heat pump unit, and the temperature of this part of the clean water is relatively high. Preheat the sewage in the heat pump unit to fully recover the remaining heat, and then the preheated sewage continues to flow to the heat exchanger and the anaerobic reactor, thereby saving energy consumption; part of the biogas discharged from the anaerobic reactor is burned by the biogas boiler to To heat the water, the hot water flows to the bottom of the anaerobic reactor to heat the sewage in the anaerobic reactor. The anaerobic sewage heating system heats the sewage in the anaerobic process through the joint action of solar collectors, electric heating systems, biogas boilers, and heat pump units, achieving the temperature conditions required by the anaerobic reactor and realizing multiple They can complement each other, and the final optimized system is more energy-saving and efficient, which further saves operating costs and meets social and economic benefits. Especially in energy-deficient areas, it has played a greater role and can effectively promote the coordinated development of the environment and economy.
以上内容仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明专利提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本实用发明权利要求书的保护范围之内。The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the patent of the present invention shall fall into the claims of the practical invention. within the scope of protection of the book.
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