CN116488459A - Self-adaptive digital compensation control method and system for buck converter - Google Patents

Self-adaptive digital compensation control method and system for buck converter Download PDF

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CN116488459A
CN116488459A CN202310744224.2A CN202310744224A CN116488459A CN 116488459 A CN116488459 A CN 116488459A CN 202310744224 A CN202310744224 A CN 202310744224A CN 116488459 A CN116488459 A CN 116488459A
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current
compensation
load
error
parameter
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CN116488459B (en
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付兆殊
张启东
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Xi'an Silicon Semiconductor Co ltd
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Xi'an Silicon Semiconductor Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
    • G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
    • G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
    • G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1566—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with means for compensating against rapid load changes, e.g. with auxiliary current source, with dual mode control or with inductance variation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of digital power supply control, in particular to a self-adaptive digital compensation control method and a self-adaptive digital compensation control system for a buck converter, which refine the load range according to the application load environment, and establish load interval compensation parameters under different load conditions so as to enable voltage to be more accurately regulated when the load changes; meanwhile, the compensation control signal is calculated according to the light load or heavy load, so that when the load changes, the compensation control signal can be obtained by selecting proper load interval compensation parameters according to the actual load condition, and the switching control is performed according to the obtained compensation control signal, so that the time for stabilizing the output voltage of the digital power supply is short, the stability of the output voltage of the digital power supply is high, and the actual demand on the output voltage ripple is met.

Description

Self-adaptive digital compensation control method and system for buck converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of digital power supply control, in particular to a self-adaptive digital compensation control method and system for a buck converter.
Background
Along with the increase of the complexity of the power supply structure, the application scene is complex and changeable, and more people change the power supply design direction into digital power supply design. The control loop of the digital power supply generally consists of an analog-to-digital converter, a discrete time compensator and a digital PWM modulator, wherein the quality of the design of the discrete time compensator determines the quality of the performance of the digital power supply controller.
Because the power level transfer function of the buck converter is related to the load, in order to meet the stability and response speed of the system in a wide load range, the transfer function of the compensation stage needs to be automatically adjusted along with the load, however, the compensation parameters and the compensation structure in the traditional PI or PID algorithm are fixed at the beginning of design and cannot be adjusted along with the load condition, so that the problems of overshoot, poor stability, slow response speed and the like of the digital power system caused by large load change in actual use lead to large output voltage change floating of the digital power and untimely stability of the digital power voltage, and cannot meet the actual use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive digital compensation control method and system for a buck converter, which solve the problems that the output voltage of a digital power supply is not stabilized in time and the ripple wave is too large when the current load change is large.
The invention solves the technical problems as follows:
the self-adaptive digital compensation control method for the buck converter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining a reference voltage, and establishing a plurality of load sections according to application requirements, wherein the load ranges of the load sections are continuous and non-coincident;
s2, calculating a load interval compensation parameter matched with the load interval according to the load interval;
s3, collecting current output current to judge the current load size;
s4, matching a corresponding load interval according to the current load size, matching a corresponding load interval compensation parameter according to the load interval, judging whether the current load is a light load or a heavy load according to the current load size, executing the step S5 if the current load is the light load, and executing the step S6 if the current load is the heavy load;
s5, calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and outputting the current compensation control signal;
s6, calculating to obtain a reference current according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, calculating to obtain a current compensation control signal according to the reference current, the reference current and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and outputting the current compensation control signal.
Further defined, said step S2 comprises the steps of:
s21, establishing a small signal mathematical model of the buck converter according to the current load interval;
s22, establishing a physical model of the buck converter based on the Simulink according to the small signal mathematical model;
s23, determining a power loop stability index of the physical model;
s24, obtaining a discrete domain compensation level transfer function based on a Matlab PID tuner according to a physical model for determining a power supply loop stability index;
s25, simplifying a discrete domain compensation stage transfer function by using a PI algorithm, obtaining and storing load interval compensation parameters matched with a current load interval, wherein the load interval compensation parameters comprise a voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integral compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i.
Further defined, the step S5 specifically includes:
according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, calculating to obtain a current compensation control parameter U1:
U1=P t +I t
wherein I is t =Error×Ki_v+I t-1 ，P t =error×kp_v, error=vo_ref-sample_vo; error is an Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t Calculating parameters for the error proportion of the current moment, I t Calculating parameters for the current time error integral, I t-1 Calculating parameters for the error integral of the previous moment, t is more than 1, I 1 =Error×Ki_v；
The calculated current complementThe compensation parameter U1 is processed by saturation limit value to obtain the current compensation control signal U 1 。
Further defined, said step S6 comprises the steps of:
s61, calculating to obtain a reference current Io_ref according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v:
Io_ref=P t _1+I t _1
wherein I is t _1=Error_1×Ki_v+I t-1 _1，P t _1=error_1×kp_v, error_1=vo_ref-sample_vo; error_1 is the outer loop Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t 1 is the outer ring error proportion calculation parameter at the current moment, I t 1 is the calculation parameter of the outer loop error integral at the current moment, I t-1 1 is the integral calculation parameter of the outer ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _1=Error_1×Ki_v；
S62, calculating a current compensation control parameter U2 according to the reference current Io_ref, the reference current sample_Io, the corresponding current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i and the current integral compensation parameter Ki_i:
U2=P t _2+I t _2
wherein I is t _2=Error_2×Ki_i+I t-1 _2，P t 2 = error_2 x kp_i, error_2 = io_ref-sample_io; error_2 is the inner loop Error voltage signal, P t 2 is the calculation parameter of the inner ring error proportion at the current moment, I t 2 is the current time inner loop error integral calculation parameter, I t-1 2 is the integral calculation parameter of the inner ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _2=Error_2×Ki_i；
S63, processing the calculated current compensation parameter U2 by a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 2 。
A buck converter adaptive digital compensation control system, comprising:
the parameter compensation unit is used for establishing a plurality of load intervals with continuous and non-overlapping load ranges according to application requirements, and calculating corresponding load interval compensation parameters according to the load intervals;
the load acquisition unit is used for setting a reference voltage, acquiring the current output current and judging the current load size;
the compensation loop selection unit is used for matching a corresponding load interval according to the current load size, matching a corresponding load interval compensation parameter according to the load interval, judging whether the current load is of a light load type or a heavy load type according to the current load size, communicating with the light load compensation unit if the current load is of the light load type, and communicating with the heavy load compensation unit if the current load is of the heavy load type;
the light load compensation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters and outputting the current compensation control signal;
and the heavy load compensation unit is used for calculating to obtain a reference current according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and calculating to obtain a current compensation control signal according to the reference current, the reference current and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters.
Further defined, the parameter compensation unit comprises:
the load interval dividing module is used for establishing a plurality of load intervals according to application requirements;
the load interval compensation parameter calculation module is used for establishing a small signal mathematical model of the buck converter according to the current load interval; establishing a physical model of a buck converter based on a Simulink according to the small signal mathematical model, and determining a power supply loop stability index of the physical model; obtaining a discrete domain compensation level transfer function based on a MatlabPID tuner according to the physical model for determining the stability index; simplifying a discrete domain compensation level transfer function by using a PI algorithm to obtain and store load interval compensation parameters matched with a current load interval;
the load interval compensation parameters comprise a voltage integration compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integration compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i.
Further defined, the light load compensation unit includes:
the first compensation control parameter calculation module is configured to calculate a current compensation control parameter U1 according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v, and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v:
U1=P t +I t
wherein I is t =Error×Ki_v+I t-1 ，P t =error×kp_v, error=vo_ref-sample_vo; error is an Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t Calculating parameters for the error proportion of the current moment, I t Calculating parameters for the current time error integral, I t-1 Calculating parameters for the error integral of the previous moment, t is more than 1, I 1 =Error×Ki_v；
The first compensation control signal acquisition module is used for processing the calculated current compensation parameter U1 through a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 1 。
It is further defined that,
the heavy load compensation unit includes:
the second reference current calculating module is configured to calculate a reference current io_ref according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v, and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v:
Io_ref=P t _1+I t _1
wherein I is t _1=Error_1×Ki_v+I t-1 _1，P t _1=error_1×kp_v, error_1=vo_ref-sample_vo; error_1 is the outer loop Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t 1 is the outer ring error proportion calculation parameter at the current moment, I t 1 is the calculation parameter of the outer loop error integral at the current moment, I t-1 1 is the integral calculation parameter of the outer ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _1=Error_1×Ki_v；
The second compensation control parameter calculation module is configured to calculate a current compensation control parameter U2 according to the reference current io_ref, the reference current sample_io, the corresponding current proportional compensation parameter kp_i, and the current integral compensation parameter ki_i:
U2=P t _2+I t _2
wherein I is t _2=Error_2×Ki_i+I t-1 _2，P t 2 = error_2 x kp_i, error_2 = io_ref-sample_io; error_2 is the inner loop Error voltage signal, P t 2 is the calculation parameter of the inner ring error proportion at the current moment, I t 2 is the current time inner loop error integral calculation parameter, I t-1 2 is the integral calculation parameter of the inner ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _2=Error_2×Ki_i；
The second compensation control signal acquisition module is used for processing the calculated current compensation parameter U2 through a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 2 。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the load range is thinned according to the application load environment, and the load interval compensation parameters under different load conditions are established, so that the voltage is regulated more accurately when the load changes; meanwhile, the compensation control signal is calculated according to the light load or heavy load, so that when the load changes, the compensation control signal can be obtained by selecting proper load interval compensation parameters according to the actual load condition, the switching control is performed according to the obtained compensation control signal, so that the time for stabilizing the output voltage of the digital power supply is short, the stability of the output voltage of the digital power supply is high, and the actual requirement on the small ripple wave of the output voltage is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a load interval compensation parameter calculation flow according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a self-adaptive digital compensation control method of the buck converter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic logic diagram of a control method for adaptive digital compensation of a buck converter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single loop operation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual loop operation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a digital control circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive digital compensation control system of a buck converter according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
During power application, the output voltage of the buck converter provides a stable voltage source for the next stage load. In practical application, since load jump can cause fluctuation of output voltage, larger fluctuation can not provide stable voltage for next-stage users in time.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a buck converter adaptive digital compensation control method, which can provide timely and accurate generation of an optimal control signal to adjust an output voltage when a load changes, and includes the following steps:
s1, determining a reference voltage, and establishing a plurality of load sections according to application requirements, wherein the load ranges of the load sections are continuous and non-overlapping;
s2, calculating a load interval compensation parameter matched with the load interval according to the load interval;
s3, collecting current output current to judge the current load size;
s4, according to the current load size, matching corresponding load interval compensation parameters, judging whether the current load is a light load or a heavy load, if the current load is the light load, executing the step S5, and if the current load is the heavy load, executing the step S6;
s5, calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and outputting the current compensation control signal;
and S6, calculating to obtain a reference current according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and calculating to obtain a current compensation control signal according to the reference current, the reference current and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters.
Specifically, step S1 is as follows:
in actual use, the rated input voltage of the load, namely an optimal voltage value, is usually determined, and the voltage value is taken as a reference voltage; meanwhile, according to the use requirement, the working power range of the load can be determined, for example, the working power range of the load is 20-100W, the working power range of the load can be divided into N load sections, N is a positive integer greater than 1, for example, the load range is equally divided into 4 equal parts, namely, 4 load sections are respectively [20, 40 ], [40, 60 ], [60, 80) and [80, 100), and the four load sections are continuous but not overlapped; meanwhile, the more load regions are divided for the load range, the more accurate the voltage compensation control is finally obtained, and the dividing number can be selected according to requirements.
If the reference voltage is 10V, the corresponding ideal current is 2-10A, the output voltage of the buck converter is 10V at the moment, after the voltage is determined, a load section can be determined according to the magnitude of the output current of the buck converter, namely, when the output current is 5.6A, the corresponding load section is [40, 60 ], and the operation is simpler.
Referring to fig. 1, specifically, step S2 is:
s21, establishing a small signal mathematical model of the buck converter according to the current load interval;
s22, establishing a physical model of the buck converter based on Simulink according to the small signal mathematical model;
s23, determining a power loop stability index of the physical model;
s24, obtaining a discrete domain compensation level transfer function based on a MatlabPID tuner according to a physical model for determining the power supply loop stability index;
s25, simplifying a discrete domain compensation stage transfer function by using a PI algorithm, obtaining and storing load interval compensation parameters matched with a current load interval, wherein the load interval compensation parameters comprise a voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integral compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i.
The calculation in the step S21-25 can be performed through a PI parameter selector, and the obtained load interval compensation parameters are matched with the corresponding load intervals and stored.
Specifically, step S3 is as follows:
and acquiring the output voltage under the load condition at the current moment and the output current under the load condition at the current moment, and then carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the acquired output voltage and the output current to obtain a digital signal value sample_vo of the output voltage at the current moment and a digital signal value sample_Io of the output current, wherein the conversion of an analog signal and a digital signal is completed through an analog-to-digital converter ADC.
Referring to fig. 2, specifically, step S4 is:
according to the current load condition calculated in the step S3, for example, 38W, the load interval compensation parameter corresponding to the [20, 40) load interval is obtained by matching as the current load interval compensation parameter, and meanwhile, whether the load belongs to a light load or a heavy load at the moment can be judged according to the current load condition, wherein the light load and the heavy load are determined according to the use requirement, for example, 50% of the maximum load is the heavy load, and the load is the heavy load when the load is 50-100W, otherwise, the load is the light load.
Since the magnitude of the load power is positively correlated with the current, the power of the load can be determined according to the magnitude of the current flowing through the load, i.e. for a load with an input voltage of 10V, the current range is 2-10 a, and when the corresponding output current is 5-10 a, the load is heavy, otherwise, the load is light.
The method comprises the steps of judging whether the current load condition is light load or heavy load according to a set current value by using a two-out-of-one gating gas as a compensation loop selector, namely, inputting the current output current into the compensation loop selector, starting to execute a step S5 if the judgment result is light load, and directly executing a step S6 if the judgment result is heavy load.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, specifically, step S5 is:
at the moment, the load condition is light load, then the calculation of the current compensation control signal can be carried out through the voltage single loop compensation loop, at the moment, the compensation loop selector sends a conducting signal to the voltage single loop compensation loop, the voltage single loop compensation loop receives the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the load interval compensation parameter sent by the PI parameter selector, and then the current compensation control signal u is calculated 1 ：
According to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, calculating to obtain a current load interval compensation control parameter U1:
U1=P t +I t
wherein I is t =Error×Ki_v+I t-1 ，P t =error×kp_v, error=vo_ref-sample_vo; error is an Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t Calculating parameters for the error proportion of the current moment, I t Calculating parameters for the current time error integral, I t-1 Calculating parameters for the error integral of the previous moment, t is more than 1, I 1 =Error×Ki_v；
The calculated current load interval compensation parameter U1 is processed by a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 1 。
The current compensation control signal u is then applied 1 The PWM signal is sent to a compensation loop selector, and a compensation control signal is sent to a Digital Pulse Width Modulation (DPWM) module through the compensation loop selector, so that a PWM signal of a power driving circuit can be obtained, effective control of load peripheral voltage is realized, and the operation is simpler and quicker.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, specifically, step S6 is:
at this time, the load condition is heavy load, then the calculation of the current compensation control signal can be selected through the current double-loop compensation loop, at this time, the compensation loop selector sends a conducting signal to the current double-loop compensation loop, and simultaneously sends a disconnection signal to the voltage single-loop compensation loop or no signal is generated to keep disconnected to the voltage single-loop compensation loop, for example, the compensation loop selector sends signals en1=1 and en2=0, and when the load condition is light load, the compensation loop selector sends signals en1=0 and en2=1; the current double loop compensation loop comprises a voltage outer loop compensation loop and a current inner loop compensation loop, and the step S61 is executed through the voltage outer loop compensation loop:
the output voltage sample_vo and the reference voltage vo_ref are subjected to difference calculation to obtain an outer ring Error voltage signal error_1, and the outer ring Error voltage signal error_1, a voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v corresponding to a load interval and a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v corresponding to the load interval are input into a voltage outer ring compensation loop to be subjected to the following calculation to obtain a reference current Io_ref:
Io_ref=P t _1+I t _1
wherein I is t _1=Error_1×Ki_v+I t-1 _1，P t _1=error_1×kp_v, error_1=vo_ref-sample_vo; error_1 is the outer loop Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t 1 is the outer ring error proportion calculation parameter at the current moment, I t 1 is the calculation parameter of the outer loop error integral at the current moment, I t-1 1 is the integral calculation parameter of the outer ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _1=Error_1×Ki_v；
Step S62 is then performed:
the reference current Io_ref and the current output current sample_Io are subjected to difference to obtain an inner ring Error voltage signal error_2, the inner ring Error voltage signal error_2 is input into a current inner ring compensation loop, meanwhile, a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i of a corresponding load interval and a current integral compensation parameter Ki_i of the corresponding load interval are input into the current inner ring compensation loop, and the current inner ring compensation loop performs the following calculation to obtain a current load interval compensation control parameter U2:
U2=P t _2+I t _2
wherein I is t _2=Error_2×Ki_i+I t-1 _2，P t 2 = error_2 x kp_i, error_2 = io_ref-sample_io; error_2 is the inner loop Error voltage signal, P t 2 is the calculation parameter of the inner ring error proportion at the current moment, I t 2 is the current time inner loop error integral calculation parameter, I t-1 2 is the integral calculation parameter of the inner ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _2=Error_2×Ki_i；
Finally, the current inner loop compensation loop obtains a current compensation control signal U according to the current load interval compensation control parameter U2 2 The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s63, processing the calculated current load interval compensation parameter U2 by a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 2 。
The current compensation control signal u to be obtained at this time 2 Sending the compensation control signal to a compensation loop selector, and sending the compensation control signal to the digital pulse width modulation through the compensation loop selectorThe PWM signal of the power driving circuit can be obtained by the module DPWM, the effective control of the output voltage of the buck converter is realized, the operation is simpler and faster, the quick compensation control is carried out through the voltage single-loop compensation loop when the load is light, the accurate compensation control is carried out through the current double-loop compensation loop when the load is heavy, and the compensation control of different loads is satisfied.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a common Buck converter usage scenario using the Buck converter adaptive digital compensation control method, wherein the Buck converter adaptive digital compensation control module is used to implement the method described in embodiment 1.
S1, wherein R load Is a load, V out Should be the real-time voltage of the load, i L Real-time current to be loaded, voltage and current acquisition is carried out according to set frequency, and the load R is divided according to use requirements load Is a load section of (1);
s2, calculating a voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integral compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i which are matched with a load interval according to the load interval;
referring to FIG. 6, V in Representing input voltage, L f For filtering inductance, C f R is filter capacitance load Representing the load resistance.
For example, the transfer function of the duty cycle d to the voltage v of the Buck converter power stage is obtained by small signal modelingG vd （s）Transfer function with duty cycle d to current iG id （s）The method comprises the following steps of:
s is a fundamental variable in s-domain, and the s-domain transfer function is converted into a z-domain transfer function. And establishing a closed-loop physical model of the Buck converter in the Simulink, and adopting a double-loop average current control model. And determining a power loop stability index of a physical model, for example, setting a phase margin of a current inner loop to 75 degrees through a PIDtuner tool in Matlab, setting the bandwidth to be 1/10 of the switching frequency, namely, assuming that the switching frequency is 100kHz, and taking the bandwidth of the inner loop to be 10kHz. Setting the phase margin of the outer ring of the voltage to 75 degrees, and taking the bandwidth of the outer ring to be 1/5 of the bandwidth of the inner ring, namely taking the bandwidth of the inner ring to be 2kHz.
Updating the compensator to obtain the transfer function of the current inner loop compensator as follows:
the transfer function of the voltage outer loop compensator is:
because the inner ring compensator and the outer ring compensator both adopt parallel PI algorithm, the compensation method willC 1 (z) and C 2 (z)Simplified to PI compensator expression:
wherein K is P For proportional compensation parameters, K i To integrate the compensation parameters, a discrete domain compensation stage transfer function can thus be obtained:
the voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v is 0.20514064, the voltage proportional compensation parameter kp_v is 2.72125936, the current integral compensation parameter ki_i is 0.001779863 and the current proportional compensation parameter kp_i is 0.155730137.
S3, an analog-to-digital converter ADC is needed in real detection, and partial pressure sampling processing is needed to be carried out on the output voltage and the output current of the digital power supply in practical application, so that sampling gain is introduced. By sampling and transportingVoltage dividing value V of output voltage FB As the real-time voltage of the load, the output current samples the voltage value V S As load real-time current.
The load real-time voltage V obtained by collection FB And output current V S The analog signal is converted into a corresponding digital signal output voltage sample_vo and a digital signal output current sample_Io through an analog-to-digital converter ADC, the sample_vo is taken as a digital power supply output voltage, the sample_Io is taken as a digital power supply output current, a reference voltage vo_ref is given, and the current load size is judged according to the output current sample_Io of the current load.
And S4, matching a corresponding load interval according to the current load size, and obtaining a corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integral compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i according to the load interval.
Then judging whether the current load is a light load or a heavy load according to the output current sample_Io of the current load, namely judging whether the current output current sample_Io is larger than a limit value, if so, the current load is a heavy load, and if not, the current load is a light load; if the load is light, executing the step S5, and if the load is heavy, executing the step S6;
s5, the difference between the reference voltage vo_ref and the output voltage sample_vo is taken to obtain an Error voltage signal Error, and the Error voltage signal Error is multiplied by the voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v to obtain the Error proportion calculation parameter P at the current moment t The Error voltage signal Error is multiplied by the voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and then the Error integral calculation parameter I of the previous time state is accumulated t-1 Obtaining the error integral calculation parameter I at the current moment t The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Current time error proportion calculating parameter P t Calculating parameter I by integrating error with current time t The sum is calculated to obtain the current compensation control parameter U1, and the control signal U after the compensation of the voltage single-loop compensation loop can be obtained after the saturation limit value processing is needed to be carried out on the current compensation control parameter U1 obtained through calculation 1 Subsequently u 1 As a final compensation control signal u.
S61, the reference voltage vo_ref and the output voltage sample_vo are differenced to obtain an outer ring Error voltage signal error_1; outer loop error voltage signal EThe error proportion calculation parameter P of the outer ring at the current moment is obtained by multiplying the rror_1 by the voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v t Outer loop Error voltage signal error_1 multiplied by voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and accumulated to the last time outer loop Error integral calculation parameter I t-1 Obtaining an outer ring error integral calculation parameter I at the current moment (1) t _1；
Calculating parameter P of outer ring error proportion at present moment t Integral calculation parameter I of error of outer ring of_1 and previous moment t The sum of_1 is the parameter after the compensation of the voltage outer loop compensation loop, and the parameter after the compensation of the voltage outer loop compensation loop is the reference current Io_ref of the current inner loop compensation loop.
S62, obtaining an inner ring Error voltage signal error_2 according to the difference between the reference current Io_ref and the output current sample_Io; the inner ring Error voltage signal error_2 is multiplied by the current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i to obtain the inner ring Error proportion calculation parameter P at the current moment t 2, multiplying the inner loop Error voltage signal error_2 by the current integral compensation parameter Ki_i, and accumulating the inner loop Error integral calculation parameter I of the previous time t-1 2 obtaining the current moment inner loop error integral calculation parameter I t _2；
Then calculating parameter P of the current time inner ring error proportion t 2 and the current moment inner ring error integral calculation parameter I t The sum of 2 is the current compensation control parameter U2. The current compensation control parameter U2 can obtain a control signal U after the current double loop compensation after saturation limit processing 2 Subsequently u 2 As a final compensation control signal u.
And sending the final compensation control signal u into a pulse width modulation module DPWM to obtain a PWM signal of the power driving circuit, and controlling a buck converter switching tube Q through the PWM signal, thereby realizing feedback control.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 7, the present embodiment provides a buck converter adaptive digital compensation control system, including:
the parameter compensation unit is used for establishing a plurality of load intervals with continuous and non-overlapping load ranges according to application requirements, and calculating corresponding load interval compensation parameters according to the load intervals;
the load acquisition unit is used for setting a reference voltage, acquiring the current output current and judging the current load size;
the compensation loop selection unit is used for matching a corresponding load interval according to the current load size, matching a corresponding load interval compensation parameter according to the load interval, judging whether the current load is of a light load type or a heavy load type according to the current load size, communicating with the light load compensation unit if the current load is of the light load type, and communicating with the heavy load compensation unit if the current load is of the heavy load type;
the light load compensation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters and outputting the current compensation control signal;
the heavy load compensation unit calculates to obtain a reference current according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and calculates to obtain a current compensation control signal according to the reference current, the reference current and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters.
Specifically, the parameter compensation unit includes:
the load interval dividing module is used for establishing a plurality of load intervals according to application requirements;
the load interval compensation parameter calculation module is used for establishing a small signal mathematical model of the buck converter according to the current load interval; establishing a physical model of the buck converter based on Simulink according to the small signal mathematical model, and determining a power loop stability index of the physical model; obtaining a discrete domain compensation level transfer function based on a Matlab PID tuner according to the physical model for determining the stability index; simplifying a discrete domain compensation level transfer function by using a PI algorithm to obtain and store load interval compensation parameters matched with a current load interval;
the load interval compensation parameters include a voltage integration compensation parameter ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v, a current integration compensation parameter ki_i, and a current proportion compensation parameter kp_i.
The light load compensation unit includes:
the first compensation control parameter calculation module is configured to calculate a current compensation control parameter U1 according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v, and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v:
U1=P t +I t
wherein I is t =Error×Ki_v+I t-1 ，P t =error×kp_v, error=vo_ref-sample_vo; error is an Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t Calculating parameters for the error proportion of the current moment, I t Calculating parameters for the current time error integral, I t-1 Calculating parameters for the error integral of the previous moment, t is more than 1, I 1 =Error×Ki_v；
The first compensation control signal acquisition module is used for processing the calculated current compensation parameter U1 through a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 1 。
The heavy load compensation unit includes:
the second reference current calculating module is configured to calculate a reference current io_ref according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v, and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v:
Io_ref=P t _1+I t _1
wherein I is t _1=Error_1×Ki_v+I t-1 _1，P t _1=error_1×kp_v, error_1=vo_ref-sample_vo; error_1 is the outer loop Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t 1 is the outer ring error proportion calculation parameter at the current moment, I t 1 is the calculation parameter of the outer loop error integral at the current moment, I t-1 1 is the integral calculation parameter of the outer ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _1=Error_1×Ki_v；
The second compensation control parameter calculation module is configured to calculate a current compensation control parameter U2 according to the reference current io_ref, the reference current sample_io, the corresponding current proportional compensation parameter kp_i, and the current integral compensation parameter ki_i:
U2=P t _2+I t _2
wherein I is t _2=Error_2×Ki_i+I t-1 _2，P t _2=Error_2×Kp_i, error_2=io_ref-sample_io; error_2 is the inner loop Error voltage signal, P t 2 is the calculation parameter of the inner ring error proportion at the current moment, I t 2 is the current time inner loop error integral calculation parameter, I t-1 2 is the integral calculation parameter of the inner ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _2=Error_2×Ki_i；
The second compensation control signal acquisition module is used for processing the calculated current compensation parameter U2 through a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 2 。

Claims (8)

1. The self-adaptive digital compensation control method for the buck converter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining a reference voltage, and establishing a plurality of load sections according to application requirements, wherein the load ranges of the load sections are continuous and non-coincident;
s2, calculating a load interval compensation parameter matched with the load interval according to the load interval;
s3, collecting current output current to judge the current load size;
s4, matching a corresponding load interval according to the current load size, matching a corresponding load interval compensation parameter according to the load interval, judging whether the current load is a light load or a heavy load according to the current load size, executing the step S5 if the current load is the light load, and executing the step S6 if the current load is the heavy load;
s5, calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and outputting the current compensation control signal;
s6, calculating to obtain a reference current according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, calculating to obtain a current compensation control signal according to the reference current, the reference current and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and outputting the current compensation control signal.
2. The buck converter adaptive digital compensation control method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 includes the steps of:
s21, establishing a small signal mathematical model of the buck converter according to the current load interval;
s22, establishing a physical model of the buck converter based on the Simulink according to the small signal mathematical model;
s23, determining a power loop stability index of the physical model;
s24, obtaining a discrete domain compensation level transfer function based on a Matlab PID tuner according to a physical model for determining a power supply loop stability index;
s25, simplifying a discrete domain compensation stage transfer function by using a PI algorithm, obtaining and storing load interval compensation parameters matched with a current load interval, wherein the load interval compensation parameters comprise a voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integral compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i.
3. The buck converter adaptive digital compensation control method according to claim 2, wherein the step S5 is specifically:
according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, calculating to obtain a current compensation control parameter U1:
U1=P t +I t
wherein I is t =Error×Ki_v+I t-1 ，P t =error×kp_v, error=vo_ref-sample_vo; error is an Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t Calculating parameters for the error proportion of the current moment, I t Calculating parameters for the current time error integral, I t-1 Calculating parameters for the error integral of the previous moment, t is more than 1, I 1 =Error×Ki_v；
The calculated current compensation parameter U1 is processed by a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 1 。
4. The buck converter adaptive digital compensation control method according to claim 2, wherein the step S6 includes the steps of:
s61, calculating to obtain a reference current Io_ref according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter Ki_v and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v:
Io_ref=P t _1+I t _1
wherein I is t _1=Error_1×Ki_v+I t-1 _1，P t _1=error_1×kp_v, error_1=vo_ref-sample_vo; error_1 is the outer loop Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t 1 is the outer ring error proportion calculation parameter at the current moment, I t 1 is the calculation parameter of the outer loop error integral at the current moment, I t-1 1 is the integral calculation parameter of the outer ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _1=Error_1×Ki_v；
S62, calculating a current compensation control parameter U2 according to the reference current Io_ref, the reference current sample_Io, the corresponding current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i and the current integral compensation parameter Ki_i:
U2=P t _2+I t _2
wherein I is t _2=Error_2×Ki_i+I t-1 _2，P t 2 = error_2 x kp_i, error_2 = io_ref-sample_io; error_2 is the inner loop Error voltage signal, P t 2 is the calculation parameter of the inner ring error proportion at the current moment, I t 2 is the current time inner loop error integral calculation parameter, I t-1 2 is the integral calculation parameter of the inner ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _2=Error_2×Ki_i；
S63, processing the calculated current compensation parameter U2 by a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 2 。
5. A buck converter adaptive digital compensation control system, comprising:
the parameter compensation unit is used for establishing a plurality of load intervals with continuous and non-overlapping load ranges according to application requirements, and calculating corresponding load interval compensation parameters according to the load intervals;
the load acquisition unit is used for setting a reference voltage, acquiring the current output current and judging the current load size;
the compensation loop selection unit is used for matching a corresponding load interval according to the current load size, matching a corresponding load interval compensation parameter according to the load interval, judging whether the current load is of a light load type or a heavy load type according to the current load size, communicating with the light load compensation unit if the current load is of the light load type, and communicating with the heavy load compensation unit if the current load is of the heavy load type;
the light load compensation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters and outputting the current compensation control signal;
and the heavy load compensation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a reference current according to the current digital power supply output voltage, the reference voltage and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, calculating and obtaining a current compensation control signal according to the reference current, the reference current and the corresponding load interval compensation parameters, and outputting the current compensation control signal.
6. The buck converter adaptive digital compensation control system of claim 5, wherein the parameter compensation unit includes:
the load interval dividing module is used for establishing a plurality of load intervals according to application requirements, and the load ranges of the load intervals are continuous and non-coincident;
the load interval compensation parameter calculation module is used for establishing a small signal mathematical model of the buck converter according to the current load interval; establishing a physical model of a buck converter based on a Simulink according to the small signal mathematical model, and determining a power supply loop stability index of the physical model; obtaining a discrete domain compensation level transfer function based on a Matlab PID tuner according to the physical model for determining the stability index; simplifying a discrete domain compensation level transfer function by using a PI algorithm to obtain and store load interval compensation parameters matched with a current load interval;
the load interval compensation parameters comprise a voltage integration compensation parameter Ki_v, a voltage proportion compensation parameter Kp_v, a current integration compensation parameter Ki_i and a current proportion compensation parameter Kp_i.
7. The buck converter adaptive digital compensation control system according to claim 6, wherein the light load compensation unit includes:
the first compensation control parameter calculation module is configured to calculate a current compensation control parameter U1 according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v, and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v:
U1=P t +I t
wherein I is t =Error×Ki_v+I t-1 ，P t =error×kp_v, error=vo_ref-sample_vo; error is an Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t Calculating parameters for the error proportion of the current moment, I t Calculating parameters for the current time error integral, I t-1 Calculating parameters for the error integral of the previous moment, t is more than 1, I 1 =Error×Ki_v；
The first compensation control signal acquisition module is used for processing the calculated current compensation parameter U1 through a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 1 。
8. The buck converter adaptive digital compensation control system according to claim 6, wherein the heavy load compensation unit includes:
the second reference current calculating module is configured to calculate a reference current io_ref according to the current digital power output voltage sample_vo, the reference voltage vo_ref, the corresponding voltage integral compensation parameter ki_v, and the corresponding voltage proportion compensation parameter kp_v:
Io_ref=P t _1+I t _1
wherein I is t _1=Error_1×Ki_v+I t-1 _1，P t _1=error_1×kp_v, error_1=vo_ref-sample_vo; error_1 is the outer loop Error voltage signal, t is the current time, P t 1 is the outer ring error proportion calculation parameter at the current moment, I t 1 is the calculation parameter of the outer loop error integral at the current moment, I t-1 1 is the integral calculation parameter of the outer ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _1=Error_1×Ki_v；
The second compensation control parameter calculation module is configured to calculate a current compensation control parameter U2 according to the reference current io_ref, the reference current sample_io, the corresponding current proportional compensation parameter kp_i, and the current integral compensation parameter ki_i:
U2=P t _2+I t _2
wherein I is t _2=Error_2×Ki_i+I t-1 _2，P t 2 = error_2 x kp_i, error_2 = io_ref-sample_io; error_2 is the inner loop Error voltage signal, P t 2 is the calculation parameter of the inner ring error proportion at the current moment, I t 2 is the current time inner loop error integral calculation parameter, I t-1 2 is the integral calculation parameter of the inner ring error at the last moment, t is more than 1, I 0 _2=Error_2×Ki_i；
The second compensation control signal acquisition module is used for processing the calculated current compensation parameter U2 through a saturation limit value to obtain a current compensation control signal U 2 。
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