CN116488231A - Wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution network - Google Patents
Wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering the morphological evolution of a transmission and distribution network, and belongs to the field of optimization planning of the transmission and distribution network. The method comprises the following steps: respectively taking the economical efficiency optimization of the transmission network and the distribution network as a target, and taking the safe and stable operation constraint of the system into consideration to construct a wind-solar storage planning model of the transmission network based on direct current power flow and a wind-solar storage planning model of the distribution network based on alternating current power flow; constructing a transmission and distribution cooperation wind-solar storage planning model based on second-order cone relaxation by considering coupling interaction between a transmission network and a distribution network; determining a morphological evolution path of the transmission and distribution network and typical phase characteristics thereof by analyzing a plurality of driving factors of morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network; providing a model quick solving framework based on heterogeneous decomposition; and solving the transmission and distribution collaborative wind-solar storage planning model to obtain a global optimal planning scheme of the system. The planning strategy provided by the invention can realize effective coordination of transmission and distribution networks, and improves the prospective and application value of a system planning scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optimization planning of transmission and distribution networks, and particularly relates to a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution networks.
Background
The new energy power generation has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, low carbon emission, rich resources and the like, and is widely paid attention to academia and industry in recent years. Along with the proposal of carbon reaching peaks and carbon neutralization targets, a novel electric power system mainly containing new energy is accelerated to be constructed, the energy consumption production transformation and upgrading of China are promoted, and the electric power system gradually becomes one of important strategic targets for the development and construction of the power grid of China. However, considering the physical properties and dynamic characteristics of the new energy power generation, the large-scale new energy access will cause the increase of randomness, fluctuation and uncertainty of the system, and bring serious challenges to the safe, stable, clean and efficient operation of the power grid.
The existing research mainly aims at providing a certain basis for the problem of cooperative optimization of transmission and distribution networks. However, the existing transmission and distribution collaborative optimization research is mainly focused on the optimal power flow and the day-ahead dispatching level, and the influence of transmission and distribution network coupling interaction on the power grid planning result cannot be fully considered. In addition, the related research of the current power grid planning is mainly focused on the development of the current power grid form, and the influence of the form evolution of the transmission and distribution network driven by multiple factors on the influence of the system planning strategy is scarce in pertinence and foresight.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering the form evolution of a transmission and distribution network, and aims to solve the problems that the prior art does not fully consider the influence of the form evolution of the transmission and distribution network, the planning layer lacks transmission and distribution collaboration and the planning scheme lacks prospective.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method for calculating the morphological evolution of a transmission and distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a wind-solar energy storage planning model of a power transmission network by taking the optimal economical efficiency of the power transmission network and the maximum consumption of new energy into consideration of direct current power flow constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint;
s2, taking optimal economical efficiency of the power distribution network and maximum new energy consumption as targets, and establishing a wind-solar energy storage planning model of the power distribution network by considering alternating current power flow constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint;
s3, considering transmission and distribution network coupling interaction, and establishing a transmission and distribution cooperation wind-light storage planning model based on second-order cone relaxation based on the transmission network wind-light storage planning model and the distribution network wind-light storage planning model;
s4, analyzing multiple driving factors of the form evolution of the transmission and distribution network, and determining a form evolution path and typical stage characteristics of the transmission and distribution network;
s5, determining a model quick solving framework based on heterogeneous decomposition;
s6, inputting basic structural parameters and source load characteristic parameters of the transmission and distribution network, taking the typical phase characteristics of the transmission and distribution network morphological evolution path determined in the step S4 as boundary condition input for solving the transmission and distribution collaborative wind-solar storage planning model, and solving the transmission and distribution collaborative wind-solar storage planning model according to a rapid solving framework of the model based on heterogeneous decomposition determined in the step S5 to obtain a global optimal planning scheme of the system.
Further, the objective function of the wind-solar storage planning model of the power transmission network is expressed as follows:
in the formula, obj trans Representation of grid wind-solar energy storage collaborative planning model meshA standard function;respectively representing the power generation cost, the tidal current foldback cost, the equipment installation cost and the wind abandon and light abandon penalty of the power transmission network; c i ,b i ,a i The coefficients of a secondary term, a primary term and a constant term of the power generation cost of the thermal power generating unit of the power transmission network are respectively represented; n (N) G ,N root ,N trans Respectively representing a node set of a generator of a power transmission network, a node set of a connecting root of the generator of the power transmission network, a node set of all nodes of the power transmission network, and +.>Respectively representing the output power of the thermal power unit at the moment of the i node t and the transmission power to the power distribution network;The electricity selling price of the power transmission network at the moment of the i node t is represented;Respectively representing the depreciation coefficient of the equipment and the wind and light abandoning punishment coefficient of the power transmission network;Respectively representing wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage installation capacity of the i node of the power transmission network;The total air rejection amount and the light rejection amount of the transmission network are respectively indicated.
Further, the objective function of the wind-solar storage planning model of the power distribution network is expressed as follows:
in the formula, obj dis Representing a wind-solar-storage collaborative planning model objective function of the power distribution network;the power distribution network electricity purchasing cost, the equipment installation cost and the abandoned wind and abandoned light punishment are respectively represented;The method and the system show the power purchasing power at the moment t of the node connected with the power transmission network, and only consider the scene that only one node in the power distribution network is connected with the power transmission network for the convenience of analysis;representing nodes of the power distribution network connected with an upper power transmission network; the depreciation coefficient of the distribution network equipment is consistent with that of a transmission network, < >>The wind and light discarding coefficient of the power distribution network is represented;Respectively representing wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage installation capacity of the i node of the power transmission network;the total air rejection amount and the light rejection amount of the transmission network are respectively indicated.
Further, step S3 includes the steps of:
s31, aiming at a model non-convex term introduced by the alternating current power flow constraint of the power distribution network, performing model non-convex constraint conversion by utilizing second-order cone relaxation to obtain a wind-solar convex optimization model of the power distribution network;
s32, taking transmission and distribution network coupling interaction into consideration, taking the overall economy of the system and the optimal consumption of clean energy as targets, respectively taking the optimal operation constraint and the new contact constraint of the transmission and distribution network into consideration, establishing a transmission and distribution network wind and light storage collaborative planning model, wherein the optimal target of the transmission and distribution network wind and light storage collaborative planning model is the sum of the optimal targets of the transmission and light storage planning model and the distribution network wind and light storage planning model, the constraint condition is the union of the constraint conditions of the transmission and light storage planning model and the distribution network wind and light storage planning model, and the transmission and distribution network wind and light storage collaborative planning model has the expression form as follows:
furthermore, the wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model of the transmission and distribution network meets the system construction capacity constraint, the active balance constraint, the new energy unit constraint, the energy storage system constraint and the system safe and stable operation constraint.
Further, constraints met by the wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model of the transmission and distribution network are specifically as follows:
(1) System build capacity constraints
The wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage unit set installation capacity needs to meet the constraint due to natural conditions and unit physical characteristics:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the upper limit of the installation capacity of the wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic unit and the energy storage unit of the i node;
(2) Active balance constraint
Considering the structural characteristics of the power transmission network, the power transmission network optimization model considers the active balance constraint of the system, and the expression is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the output of a wind turbine generator set, the output of a photovoltaic unit, the output of an energy storage unit and the magnitude of load corresponding to the system at the moment t of an i node, wherein the energy storage system can be in a charging state and a discharging state in consideration of the possible existence of the two states of charging and discharging, so that the output of the energy storage system is assumed to be negative when the energy storage system is in the charging state, the output of the energy storage system is positive when the energy storage system is in the discharging state, and the energy storage system can be in one of the charging and discharging states only in any period of time; n (N) L Representing a collection of grid branches;Representing the power loss of a branch t of a power transmission network;
(3) New energy unit constraint
The output force of the wind power transmission network and the photovoltaic unit needs to meet the constraint:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the maximum available power of the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit at the moment t of the i node of the power transmission network;
(4) Energy storage system constraints
The energy storage unit constraint mainly comprises a charge and discharge power constraint, a capacity constraint and a state of charge constraint:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the time stores of the i node tCan build power in the system, < > and->Representing the construction capacity of an i-node energy storage system of a power transmission network;Representing the upper limit of the construction of the power transmission network inode energy storage system;Representing the SOC of the energy storage system at the moment of the i node t; η (eta) c Representing charge/discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, wherein the charge/discharge efficiency is reciprocal;Representing an energy storage system SOC upper/lower limit;
(5) System safe and stable operation constraint
The power transmission network optimization model needs to meet the safe and stable operation constraint of the system, and mainly comprises node voltage constraint, branch current carrying constraint, minimum start-stop time constraint and the like, namely:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the voltage of the node of the power transmission network in the time period of the ith node t,/and the like>Respectively represent the inputUpper and lower limits of the voltage of the power grid node;Indicating the current capacity of the grid branch 1, a->Representing the upper limit of the current-carrying capacity of branch l;Respectively representing the start-up time and the shutdown time of an ith unit of the power transmission network, T on，min ，T off，min Respectively representing the minimum on/off time of the thermal power generating unit of the power transmission network.
Further, the morphological evolution path of the transmission and distribution network specifically comprises: the transmission and distribution network is divided into three stages according to the morphological difference of source-network-load-storage: typical characteristics of each stage are used as boundary condition input for solving a coordinated wind-solar storage planning model in the germination period, the development period and the maturation period.
Further, the fast model solving architecture based on the heterogeneous decomposition in step S5 is specifically: and decomposing the transmission and distribution collaborative planning problem into a transmission grid optimization sub-problem and a distribution network optimization sub-problem, and obtaining a system global optimal solution by utilizing iterative interaction of grid boundary quantities.
Further, the optimization flow of the model quick solution architecture based on heterogeneous decomposition is as follows:
step1: program initialization, load data import, transmission and distribution network grid structure and basic variable initialization, and iteration times ite=1;
step2: determining a typical stage of a researched transmission and distribution network and quantization characteristics thereof, and acquiring boundary conditions of an optimization program;
step3: optimizing planning layer model solution to obtain a wind-solar storage location and volume-fixing scheme of the transmission and distribution network;
step4: operating a scheduling layer model to solve, obtaining an optimal output scheme of a multi-type unit of a transmission and distribution network, and determining a full-period coupling power matrix of the transmission and distribution network;
step5: and solving the full-period electricity selling price of the power transmission network, wherein the price is characterized by utilizing the marginal electricity price of the power transmission network node based on the Lagrange multiplier, and the price comprises a marginal power generation cost item, a loss cost item and a network blocking cost item, so that a model convergence judging condition is constructed, and a program is iterated until an algorithm converges.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
1. compared with the traditional transmission and distribution collaborative optimization algorithm based on direct current power flow, the collaborative planning model established by the invention can fully consider the structural characteristics of the transmission and distribution network, ensure the solving precision and ensure the good computing efficiency and convergence capacity of the model;
2. the proposed architecture can fully account for cooperative interaction of transmission and distribution networks, and promote system uncertainty clean energy and flexible controllable resource complementary advantages;
3. compared with a traditional power grid planning model, the collaborative planning strategy provided by the invention can effectively characterize the influence of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network, and a differential optimal planning scheme under different phases of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network is formulated. Aiming at the future power grid form that the transmission and distribution network information data are increasingly tightly coupled and the clean energy and energy storage access proportion of the system is continuously improved, the method has wide application space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a solution model of a model quick solution architecture based on heterogeneous decomposition of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a T6D7D9 system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the power interaction amount of 1 node of the distribution network at each typical stage according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the development stage of the power distribution network 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the maturity stage multi-type unit output of the power distribution network 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the output of the energy storage unit at each exemplary stage of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of wind turbine output at various exemplary stages of a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a graph of photovoltaic unit output at various exemplary stages of a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method for calculating the morphological evolution of a transmission and distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a wind-solar energy storage planning model of a power transmission network by taking the optimal economical efficiency of the power transmission network and the maximum consumption of new energy into consideration of direct current power flow constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
Specifically, the objective function of the grid wind-solar storage planning model is expressed as follows:
in the formula, obj trans Representing a wind-solar energy storage collaborative planning model objective function of a power transmission network;respectively representing the power generation cost, the tidal current foldback cost, the equipment installation cost and the wind abandon and light abandon penalty of the power transmission network; c i ,b i ,a i The coefficients of a secondary term, a primary term and a constant term of the power generation cost of the thermal power generating unit of the power transmission network are respectively represented; n (N) G ,N root ,N trans Respectively representing a node set of a generator of a power transmission network, a node set of a connecting root of the generator of the power transmission network, a node set of all nodes of the power transmission network, and +.>Respectively representing the output power of the thermal power unit at the moment of the i node t and the transmission power to the power distribution network;The electricity selling price of the power transmission network at the moment of the i node t is represented;Respectively representing the depreciation coefficient of the equipment and the wind and light abandoning punishment coefficient of the power transmission network;Respectively representing wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage installation capacity of the i node of the power transmission network;The total air rejection amount and the light rejection amount of the transmission network are respectively indicated.
The grid wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model is divided into an optimization planning layer constraint condition (system construction capacity constraint) and an operation scheduling layer constraint condition (active balance constraint, new energy unit constraint, energy storage system constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint), namely:
(1) System build capacity constraints
The wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage unit set installation capacity needs to meet the constraint due to natural conditions and unit physical characteristics:
in the method, in the process of the invention,and respectively representing the upper limit of the installation capacity of the wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic unit and the energy storage unit of the i node.
(2) Active balance constraint
Considering the structural characteristics of the power transmission network, the power transmission network optimization model considers the active balance constraint of the system, and the expression is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the output of a wind turbine generator set, the output of a photovoltaic unit, the output of an energy storage unit and the magnitude of load corresponding to the system at the moment t of an i node, wherein the energy storage system can be in a charging state and a discharging state in consideration of the possible existence of the two states of charging and discharging, so that the output of the energy storage system is assumed to be negative when the energy storage system is in the charging state, the output of the energy storage system is positive when the energy storage system is in the discharging state, and the energy storage system can be in one of the charging and discharging states only in any period of time; n (N) L Representing a collection of grid branches;The net loss at the time t of the branch of the power transmission network 1 is shown.
(3) New energy unit constraint
The output force of the wind power transmission network and the photovoltaic unit needs to meet the constraint:
in the method, in the process of the invention,and respectively representing the maximum available power of the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit at the moment t of the i node of the power transmission network. The invention characterizes the output characteristics of the new energy unit by using a typical daily way, so that the maximum available power of the relevant unit meets the following constraint:
in the curve w (t),curve pv And (t) represents typical force per unit values at the moment of wind power and photovoltaic t respectively.
(4) Energy storage system constraints
The energy storage unit constraint mainly comprises a Charge and discharge power constraint, a capacity constraint and a State of Charge (SOC) constraint:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the power of the energy storage system at the moment of the i node t, < + >>Representing the construction capacity of an i-node energy storage system of a power transmission network;Representing the upper limit of the construction of the power transmission network inode energy storage system;Representing the SOC of the energy storage system at the moment of the i node t; η (eta) c Indicating the charge/discharge efficiency of the energy storage system,wherein the charge/discharge efficiencies are reciprocal;Representing the upper/lower limit of the energy storage system SOC.
(5) System safe and stable operation constraint
In order to ensure safe and stable operation of the power grid, the power grid optimization model needs to further meet the safe and stable operation constraint of the system in consideration of factors such as thermal stability, dynamic stability, capacity bearing capacity of a transformer and the like of the system, and mainly comprises node voltage constraint, branch current carrying constraint, minimum start-stop time constraint and the like, namely:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the voltage of the node of the power transmission network in the time period of the ith node t,/and the like>Respectively representing upper and lower limits of the voltage of the power transmission network node;Indicating the current capacity of the grid branch l,/-, and>representing the upper limit of the current-carrying capacity of branch l;Respectively representing the start-up time and the shutdown time of an ith unit of the power transmission network, T on，min ，T off，min Respectively representing the minimum on/off time of the thermal power generating unit of the power transmission network.
S2, taking optimal economical efficiency of the power distribution network and maximum new energy consumption as targets, and establishing a wind-solar energy storage planning model of the power distribution network by considering alternating current power flow constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint;
specifically, the objective function of the wind-solar storage planning model of the power distribution network is expressed as follows:
in the formula, obj dis Representing a wind-solar-storage collaborative planning model objective function of the power distribution network;the power distribution network electricity purchasing cost, the equipment installation cost and the abandoned wind and abandoned light punishment are respectively represented;The method and the system show the power purchasing power at the moment t of the node connected with the power transmission network, and only consider the scene that only one node in the power distribution network is connected with the power transmission network for the convenience of analysis;representing distribution network and superior transmission networkA connected node; the depreciation coefficient of the distribution network equipment is consistent with that of a transmission network, < >>The wind and light discarding coefficient of the power distribution network is represented;Respectively representing wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage installation capacity of the i node of the power transmission network;the total air rejection amount and the light rejection amount of the transmission network are respectively indicated.
And aiming at the optimization planning layer, the power distribution network constraint condition and the transmission network constraint condition are expressed in the same form. Aiming at an operation scheduling layer, the power distribution network constraint condition mainly considers power balance constraint, alternating current power flow constraint, new energy unit constraint, energy storage system constraint and system safety and stability operation constraint, and the specific expression is as follows:
(1) Power balance constraint
In the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the output of a wind turbine generator system, the output of a photovoltaic turbine generator system, the charge and discharge power of an energy storage system, the active power purchase power of an upper power transmission network and the active load power of the upper power transmission network at the moment of an i node t;Representing the active power of the branch circuit l;Respectively representing SVC reactive power and load reactive power of the power distribution network at the moment of the inode t;Respectively representing the active power and the reactive power of the branch circuit l; n (N) L (i) Representing that the power distribution network comprises all branch sets of the node i; n (N) dis Representing the total set of distribution network nodes.
(2) Ac power flow constraint
Wherein i and j respectively represent a head end node and an end node of the branch I; g l ,B l Respectively representing the conductance and susceptance values of the power distribution network branch circuit l; u (U) i,t Respectively representing the voltage amplitude at the moment of the i node t,and the phase angle of the branch I at the moment t of the power distribution network is shown.
For the power distribution network, the new energy unit constraint, the energy storage system constraint and the system safe and stable operation constraint are the same as those of the power transmission network in expression form, so that the description is omitted here. Because the thermal power unit is not considered in the power distribution network, the start-stop time constraint of the thermal power unit is not involved in the safe and stable operation constraint of the power distribution network.
S3, considering transmission and distribution network coupling interaction, and building a transmission and distribution cooperation wind-light storage planning model based on second-order cone relaxation based on the transmission and distribution network wind-light storage planning model and the distribution network wind-light storage planning model;
for the transmission and distribution network, besides the operation constraint of each subsystem, the transmission and distribution network power interaction constraint needs to be met, namely:
wherein P is t T-D Representing transmission power matrix of transmission channel and distribution network at t moment, and respectively corresponding to optimization variables of transmission networkExcellent power distribution networkVariable->Representing the upper limit of transmission power of the transmission and distribution network.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure the solvability of the model, SOCR is further introduced in view of non-convex constraints such as alternating current power flow constraints in the wind-solar-storage planning model of the power distribution network, and the alternating current power flow constraints of the power distribution network are converted into second-order cone constraints which can be directly solved by mature commercial software after being relaxed in a variable definition, constraint equivalent deformation and relaxation mode.
In summary, the method aims at optimizing the overall economy of the transmission and distribution network, considers the operation constraint of the transmission and distribution network, the operation constraint of the distribution network and the transmission and distribution coupling constraint, and constructs a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model of the transmission and distribution network, wherein the wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model has the following concrete expression form:
wherein M is trans ,M dis Representing a transmission grid aggregate and a distribution grid aggregate, respectively. Respectively representing a transmission grid constraint combination, a distribution network constraint set and a tie line constraint set.
S4, analyzing multiple driving factors of the form evolution of the transmission and distribution network, and determining a form evolution path and typical stage characteristics of the transmission and distribution network;
with the new power system concepts and the proposal of the 'carbon peak, carbon neutralization' targets, the transmission and distribution network has been rapidly developed in recent years. In the future, the power system will be significantly transformed on the source-grid-load side as compared with the conventional power system, and various roles of the conventional power system will be further transformed. At present, the planning research of the transmission and distribution network is mainly developed aiming at the current form, namely, the change of the source-load resource ratio with different types and characteristics cannot be considered, the influence of the role transition of the transmission and distribution network on the planning scheme is not analyzed, and the limitation is obvious. Therefore, development of a characteristic research of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network driven by multiple factors is needed to determine an optimal planning scheme of the power system considering the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network.
In order to facilitate the development of the embodiment analysis, the invention mainly considers three typical phases of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network, namely a germination phase, an development phase and a maturation phase. And analyzing the multi-element driving and quantifying characteristics of the typical phase of the grid morphology evolution from three dimensions of source-grid-storage respectively. Firstly, the source side form evolution is mainly reflected in energy system structure transformation, and the power system mainly used for thermal power generation is transformed into the power system mainly used for new energy, and is mainly characterized in that the system new energy duty ratio is continuously improved in each typical stage. Meanwhile, the network side morphological evolution is mainly reflected in that a power distribution network gradually transits from a traditional power distribution network to an active power distribution network, and the role positioning and the behavior characteristics of the power distribution network are fundamentally changed: the traditional power distribution network (germination period) can be simply regarded as a load node of a power transmission network, and a large-scale distributed new energy source possibly exists in the stage of an active power distribution network (development period and maturation period), so that a power system gradually tends to be flattened; in addition, unlike the traditional power distribution network, the energy data coupling between the active power distribution network and the transmission network is tighter, so the necessity of developing the cooperative planning of transmission and distribution is further revealed. Finally, the evolution of the energy storage side morphology is mainly reflected in: compared with the germination period of the power grid, the development period and the maturation period need to further consider the flexibility of energy storage and the like to adjust the influence of the resource access to the power grid; meanwhile, in consideration of the development of energy storage technology, along with the continuous promotion of the form evolution of transmission and distribution networks, the mode of energy storage access systems is gradually changed from the traditional large-scale centralized access mode to the centralized and distributed simultaneous access mode.
In summary, the invention respectively summarizes the main quantitative characteristics of each typical stage of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network as follows:
TABLE 1 characteristic comparison of three typical morphological evolutionary phases of transmission and distribution networks
It is worth noting that the transmission network tidal current foldback cost only exists in two stages of the development stage and the germination stage, and the conventional power distribution network in the germination stage does not allow tidal current foldback, so that the cost is 0.
S5, providing a model quick solving framework based on heterogeneous decomposition for reducing the calculation complexity of the model and ensuring the global optimality of model solutions.
The upper layer of the rapid solving framework based on the heterogeneous decomposition model is an optimization planning layer, and meanwhile, the installation positions and capacities of the wind power transmission and distribution network, the photovoltaic power generation and the energy storage power stations are determined, and the locating and volume-fixing results are fed back to the lower layer; and the lower layer is an operation scheduling layer, and the optimal output scheme and the interactive power of a tie line channel of the multi-type unit of the transmission and distribution network are determined. The upper layer and the lower layer realize global optimization through boundary information interaction of the transmission and distribution network, and the specific optimization flow is as follows:
step1: program initialization, load data import, transmission and distribution network grid structure and basic variable initialization, and iteration times ite=1;
step2: determining a typical stage of a researched transmission and distribution network and quantization characteristics thereof, and acquiring boundary conditions of an optimization program;
step3: optimizing planning layer model solution to obtain a wind-solar storage location and volume-fixing scheme of the transmission and distribution network;
step4: operating a scheduling layer model to solve, obtaining an optimal output scheme of a multi-type unit of a transmission and distribution network, and determining a full-period coupling power matrix of the transmission and distribution network;
step5: solving the full-period electricity selling price of the power transmission network, wherein the price can be characterized by utilizing the marginal electricity price (Locational Marginal Price, LMP) of the power transmission network node based on Lagrange multiplier, including a marginal power generation cost item, a loss cost item and a network blocking cost item, further constructing a model convergence judging condition, and iterating a program until an algorithm converges.
The specific flow chart of the algorithm is shown in fig. 1.
S6, inputting basic structural parameters and source load characteristic parameters of the transmission and distribution network, solving a transmission and distribution cooperation wind-solar storage planning model, and obtaining a global optimal planning scheme of the system.
Examples
In order to show the advantages of the invention, the T6D7D9 system shown in FIG. 2 is adopted to perform embodiment analysis aiming at a single planning scene and a transmission and distribution cooperative scene of the power distribution network under the condition of considering the form evolution of the power grid.
In order to analyze the influence of a power grid on a system wind-solar storage planning scheme in different morphological evolution stages, the invention firstly takes a power distribution network 1 as a research object to respectively solve the following system planning schemes of a germination period, an development period and a maturity period:
table 2 Power distribution network 1 wind-solar energy storage planning scheme
As can be seen from the above table, in a single power distribution network planning scenario where transmission and distribution coordination is not considered, the total cost of the system is in a U-shaped distribution, i.e. the total cost of the power distribution network is the lowest in the development period; as can be seen from fig. 3 to fig. 5, the distribution network in the germination period needs to purchase a large amount of electricity to the transmission network to meet the active balance of the system due to no distributed wind-solar units; and because the grid structure and the source load distribution of the power grid cannot fully support the access of high-proportion new energy, a large amount of wind and light discarding phenomena occur in the power distribution network in the mature period, and the economical efficiency and the environmental protection of the system are affected.
Meanwhile, the power grid in the mature period can fully utilize the transmission and distribution network connection line to send redundant electric quantity back to the transmission and distribution network so as to achieve the purposes of improving the economy of the system and promoting the safe consumption of clean energy of the power grid.
In order to further highlight the advantages of the collaborative planning of the transmission and distribution network, the invention further solves the wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model of the transmission and distribution network considering the morphological evolution, and the concrete solving result is shown as follows. It is worth mentioning that, because the electricity purchasing cost of the distribution network in the transmission and distribution collaborative scene is reflected to the output cost of the thermal power unit of the transmission network, the cost of the distribution network 1 and 2 in the transmission and distribution collaborative planning scene only considers the equipment construction cost and the abandoned wind and abandoned light punishment, and the upward electricity purchasing cost of the distribution network is not considered any more.
Table 3 wind-solar energy storage planning scheme for power transmission and distribution network with form evolution
According to the table, different from the scene of independently performing wind-solar energy storage planning on the power distribution network 1, in the scene of considering the system planning of the cooperation of transmission and distribution, the overall economy of the system is continuously improved along with the development stage of the form of the power grid, the scene of planning of cooperation of transmission and distribution can better improve the economy of the system, the redundant resources of the system are reasonably distributed, the system flexibility is fully scheduled to adjust the resources, the safe consumption of clean energy is promoted, and the global optimization of the planning scheme of the transmission and distribution network is realized.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 6-8, compared with the power grid in the sprouting period, the power grid in the development period and the power grid in the maturation period can better utilize the distributed wind power and photovoltaic units with better economical efficiency to generate power, and the purposes of promoting safe absorption of clean energy sources, stabilizing wind-solar uncertainty and stabilizing output anti-peak regulation characteristics are achieved through the construction of a large number of centralized and distributed energy storage units and the dispatching of more sufficient energy storage units. In addition, compared with the traditional power distribution network form in the germination period, the active power distribution network form taking the power flow foldback into consideration can greatly relieve the new energy consumption pressure of the power distribution network, on the premise that the active balance of the power distribution network is ensured in the load valley period, the power flow foldback mode is used for promoting the consumption of redundant electric quantity of the system, the output cost of the thermal power unit of the power transmission network is reduced, the schedulable resource cooperative efficiency of the system under the heterogeneous decomposition architecture is improved, and the full-period complementary economic benefit of the power transmission network is fully revealed.
Aiming at the wind-solar-energy-storage planning problem of a transmission and distribution network, the invention constructs a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model of the transmission and distribution network based on SOCR, provides a model quick solving framework based on heterogeneous decomposition, finally determines a wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning strategy considering the morphological evolution influence of the transmission and distribution network under the driving of multiple factors, and finally obtains the following conclusion through embodiment simulation: compared with the traditional transmission and distribution collaborative optimization algorithm based on direct current power flow, the collaborative planning model established by the invention can fully consider the structural characteristics of the transmission and distribution network, ensure the solving precision and simultaneously ensure that the model has good calculation efficiency and convergence capacity. Meanwhile, the framework provided by the invention can fully account for cooperative interaction of transmission and distribution networks, and promote system uncertainty clean energy and flexible controllable resource advantage complementation. Finally, compared with a traditional power grid planning model, the collaborative planning strategy provided by the invention can effectively characterize the influence of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network, and a differential optimal planning scheme under different phases of the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network is formulated. Aiming at the future power grid form that the transmission and distribution network information data are increasingly tightly coupled and the clean energy and energy storage access proportion of the system is continuously improved, the method has wide application space.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering the morphological evolution of the transmission and distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, establishing a wind-solar energy storage planning model of a power transmission network by taking the optimal economical efficiency of the power transmission network and the maximum consumption of new energy into consideration of direct current power flow constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint;
s2, taking optimal economical efficiency of the power distribution network and maximum new energy consumption as targets, and establishing a wind-solar energy storage planning model of the power distribution network by considering alternating current power flow constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint;
s3, considering transmission and distribution network coupling interaction, and establishing a transmission and distribution cooperation wind-light storage planning model based on second-order cone relaxation based on the transmission network wind-light storage planning model and the distribution network wind-light storage planning model;
s4, analyzing multiple driving factors of the form evolution of the transmission and distribution network, and determining a form evolution path and typical stage characteristics of the transmission and distribution network;
s5, determining a model quick solving framework based on heterogeneous decomposition;
s6, inputting basic structural parameters and source load characteristic parameters of the transmission and distribution network, taking the typical phase characteristics of the transmission and distribution network morphological evolution path determined in the step S4 as boundary condition input for solving the transmission and distribution collaborative wind-solar storage planning model, and solving the transmission and distribution collaborative wind-solar storage planning model according to a rapid solving framework of the model based on heterogeneous decomposition determined in the step S5 to obtain a global optimal planning scheme of the system.
2. The wind-solar hybrid planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution networks according to claim 1, wherein the objective function of the wind-solar hybrid planning model of the transmission network is represented as follows:
in the formula, obj trans Representing a wind-solar energy storage collaborative planning model objective function of a power transmission network;respectively representing the power generation cost, the tidal current foldback cost, the equipment installation cost and the wind abandon and light abandon penalty of the power transmission network; c i ,b i ,a i Second term and first term respectively representing power generation cost of thermal power generating unit of power transmission networkSub-term and constant term coefficients; n (N) G ,N root ,N trans Respectively representing a node set of a generator of a power transmission network, a node set of a connecting root of the generator of the power transmission network, a node set of all nodes of the power transmission network, and +.>Respectively representing the output power of the thermal power unit at the moment of the i node t and the transmission power to the power distribution network;The electricity selling price of the power transmission network at the moment of the i node t is represented; k (k) dep ,Respectively representing the depreciation coefficient of the equipment and the wind and light abandoning punishment coefficient of the power transmission network;Respectively representing wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage installation capacity of the i node of the power transmission network;The total air rejection amount and the light rejection amount of the transmission network are respectively indicated.
3. The wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution networks according to claim 2, wherein an objective function of the wind-solar-energy-storage planning model of the distribution network is represented as follows:
in the formula, obj dis Representing a wind-solar-storage collaborative planning model objective function of the power distribution network;the power distribution network electricity purchasing cost, the equipment installation cost and the abandoned wind and abandoned light punishment are respectively represented;The method and the system show the power purchasing power at the moment t of the node connected with the power transmission network, and only consider the scene that only one node in the power distribution network is connected with the power transmission network for the convenience of analysis;Representing nodes of the power distribution network connected with an upper power transmission network; the depreciation coefficient of the distribution network equipment is consistent with that of a transmission network, < >>The wind and light discarding coefficient of the power distribution network is represented;Respectively representing wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage installation capacity of the i node of the power transmission network;the total air rejection amount and the light rejection amount of the transmission network are respectively indicated.
4. A method of collaborative planning of wind and solar energy storage taking into account morphological evolution of a transmission and distribution network according to claim 3 wherein step S3 includes the steps of:
s31, aiming at a model non-convex term introduced by the alternating current power flow constraint of the power distribution network, performing model non-convex constraint conversion by utilizing second-order cone relaxation to obtain a wind-solar convex optimization model of the power distribution network;
s32, taking transmission and distribution network coupling interaction into consideration, taking the overall economy of the system and the optimal consumption of clean energy as targets, respectively taking the optimal operation constraint and the new contact constraint of the transmission and distribution network into consideration, establishing a transmission and distribution network wind and light storage collaborative planning model, wherein the optimal target of the transmission and distribution network wind and light storage collaborative planning model is the sum of the optimal targets of the transmission and light storage planning model and the distribution network wind and light storage planning model, the constraint condition is the union of the constraint conditions of the transmission and light storage planning model and the distribution network wind and light storage planning model, and the transmission and distribution network wind and light storage collaborative planning model has the expression form as follows:
5. the wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution networks according to claim 4, wherein the transmission and distribution network wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model meets system construction capacity constraint, active balance constraint, new energy unit constraint, energy storage system constraint and system safe and stable operation constraint.
6. The wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution networks according to claim 5, wherein constraints met by the wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning model of the transmission and distribution networks are specifically as follows:
(1) System build capacity constraints
The wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage unit set installation capacity needs to meet the constraint due to natural conditions and unit physical characteristics:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the upper limit of the installation capacity of the wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic unit and the energy storage unit of the i node;
(2) Active balance constraint
Considering the structural characteristics of the power transmission network, the power transmission network optimization model considers the active balance constraint of the system, and the expression is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the output of a wind turbine generator set, the output of a photovoltaic unit, the output of an energy storage unit and the magnitude of load corresponding to the system at the moment t of an i node, wherein the energy storage system can be in a charging state and a discharging state in consideration of the possible existence of the two states of charging and discharging, so that the output of the energy storage system is assumed to be negative when the energy storage system is in the charging state, the output of the energy storage system is positive when the energy storage system is in the discharging state, and the energy storage system can be in one of the charging and discharging states only in any period of time; n (N) L Representing a collection of grid branches;Representing the power loss of a branch t of a power transmission network;
(3) New energy unit constraint
The output force of the wind power transmission network and the photovoltaic unit needs to meet the constraint:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the maximum available power of the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit at the moment t of the i node of the power transmission network;
(4) Energy storage system constraints
The energy storage unit constraint mainly comprises a charge and discharge power constraint, a capacity constraint and a state of charge constraint:
in the method, in the process of the invention,respectively representing the power of the energy storage system at the moment of the i node t, < + >>Representing the construction capacity of an i-node energy storage system of a power transmission network;Representing the upper limit of the construction of the power transmission network inode energy storage system;Representing the SOC of the energy storage system at the moment of the i node t; η (eta) c Representing charge/discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, wherein the charge/discharge efficiency is reciprocal;Representing an energy storage system SOC upper/lower limit;
(5) System safe and stable operation constraint
The power transmission network optimization model needs to meet the safe and stable operation constraint of the system, and mainly comprises node voltage constraint, branch current carrying constraint, minimum start-stop time constraint and the like, namely:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the voltage of the node of the power transmission network in the time period of the ith node t,/and the like>Respectively representing upper and lower limits of the voltage of the power transmission network node;Indicating the current capacity of the grid branch l,/-, and>representing the upper limit of the current-carrying capacity of branch l;respectively representing the start-up time and the shutdown time of an ith unit of the power transmission network, T on,min ,T off,min Respectively representing the minimum on/off time of the thermal power generating unit of the power transmission network.
7. The wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering the morphological evolution of a transmission and distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that the morphological evolution path of the transmission and distribution network is specifically: the transmission and distribution network is divided into three stages according to the morphological difference of source-network-load-storage: typical characteristics of each stage are used as boundary condition input for solving a coordinated wind-solar storage planning model in the germination period, the development period and the maturation period.
8. The wind-solar-energy-storage collaborative planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution networks according to claim 1, wherein the fast model solving architecture based on heterogeneous decomposition in step S5 is specifically: and decomposing the transmission and distribution collaborative planning problem into a transmission grid optimization sub-problem and a distribution network optimization sub-problem, and obtaining a system global optimal solution by utilizing iterative interaction of grid boundary quantities.
9. The wind-solar hybrid planning method considering morphological evolution of transmission and distribution network according to claim 8, wherein the optimization flow of the model rapid solving architecture based on heterogeneous decomposition is as follows:
step1: program initialization, load data import, transmission and distribution network grid structure and basic variable initialization, and iteration times ite=1;
step2: determining a typical stage of a researched transmission and distribution network and quantization characteristics thereof, and acquiring boundary conditions of an optimization program;
step3: optimizing planning layer model solution to obtain a wind-solar storage location and volume-fixing scheme of the transmission and distribution network;
step4: operating a scheduling layer model to solve, obtaining an optimal output scheme of a multi-type unit of a transmission and distribution network, and determining a full-period coupling power matrix of the transmission and distribution network;
step5: and solving the full-period electricity selling price of the power transmission network, wherein the price is characterized by utilizing the marginal electricity price of the power transmission network node based on the Lagrange multiplier, and the price comprises a marginal power generation cost item, a loss cost item and a network blocking cost item, so that a model convergence judging condition is constructed, and a program is iterated until an algorithm converges.
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| CN117422227A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-19 | 国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司 | Transmission and distribution network double-side energy storage collaborative planning method considering source network charge storage coupling characteristic |
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| CN116797049A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-22 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司合肥供电公司 | Quantitative evaluation method for differentiated energy-saving potential of power distribution network |
| CN116797049B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-11-03 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司合肥供电公司 | Quantitative evaluation method for differentiated energy-saving potential of power distribution network |
| CN117422227A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-19 | 国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司 | Transmission and distribution network double-side energy storage collaborative planning method considering source network charge storage coupling characteristic |
| CN117422227B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-05-24 | 国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司 | Transmission and distribution network double-side energy storage collaborative planning method considering source network charge storage coupling characteristic |
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