CN116486991A - Method for controlling activity of radionuclide - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an activity control method of radionuclide, which belongs to the technical field of nuclear medicine, and comprises the following steps: determining the type, dose and pre-injection and post-injection activities of the radionuclide for patient treatment according to the patient's radiation demand data, measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide, and comparing with a first predetermined activity; injecting a metered amount of the patient therapeutic radionuclide into the patient via the syringe if the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity; if the actual activity does not match the first predetermined activity, adjusting the activity of the radionuclide until the actual activity meets the requirement; in the radionuclide injection process, the vital sign of a patient and the distribution condition of the radionuclide are monitored in real time, and the injection speed and time are adjusted according to the judgment of a doctor; after the radionuclide injection is finished, the detection activity of the radionuclide in the patient is measured again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear medicine, and particularly relates to an activity control method of radionuclides.
Background
The radionuclide is a radioactive atomic nucleus and can emit alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays and the like, and a certain biological effect is generated on tissues and organs of a human body. Radionuclides have a wide range of medical applications, such as in diagnosis, therapy, prophylaxis, etc. The radionuclide therapy is to target and convey the radionuclide or its label to the pathological tissue or cell, or the pathological tissue and cell can take in the radioactive drug actively, make the radionuclide concentrate in a large amount in the pathological part, the irradiation dose is mainly concentrated in focus, utilize Y or beta rays emitted by nuclide decay to produce the biological effect of ionizing radiation, act on biomacromolecule such as nucleic acid and protein directly or indirectly, make its chemical bond break, lead to its molecular structure and functional change, play a role in inhibiting or killing pathological cell, achieve the goal of treatment. In general, normal nuclear pathologic cells are different in sensitivity to nuclides, and the greater the cell division activity, the greater the capability of concentrating radionuclides, the more sensitive to radiation, and the greater the radiation damage. While the rays destroy or inhibit the pathological tissues, the damage to normal tissues is slight.
However, the use of radionuclides also presents certain risks and difficulties, mainly expressed in the following aspects:
1) The activity of radionuclides is difficult to control accurately. Because radionuclides are unstable and decay over time, their activity is continuously decreasing. Meanwhile, the activity of the radionuclide is changed due to the fact that the radionuclide is possibly influenced by various factors in the production, transportation, storage, use and the like. Thus, when radionuclides are used, the actual activity needs to be measured and compared to a predetermined activity to determine if it is satisfactory.
2) The distribution of radionuclides is difficult to control accurately. Since the distribution of radionuclides in the human body is affected by various factors such as blood circulation, tissue metabolism, organ function, etc., the distribution is not uniform but exhibits a certain deviation and variation. This results in a certain difference between the dose of the radionuclide to the target tissue or organ and the dose to the non-target tissue or organ. Thus, when radionuclides are used, their distribution in the body needs to be monitored and compared to a predetermined distribution to determine if it is satisfactory.
3) Individual differences and disease responses of radionuclides to patients are difficult to predict. The tolerance and response to the same radionuclide are different because the body surface area, weight, age, sex, disease condition and other factors of each patient are different. This results in a certain difference between the therapeutic effect and side effects of the same radionuclide on different patients. Thus, when using radionuclides, it is necessary to determine the appropriate type and activity of the radionuclide according to the individual differences and conditions of the patient, and adjust the injection rate and time as needed.
Currently, in the treatment process of a patient by a nuclear medicine medical staff, the activity requirement of the radionuclide is often judged only through experience, and the accurate management of the activity requirement of the radionuclide cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a radionuclide activity control method, which solves the technical problems that in the treatment process of a patient by a nuclear medical staff, the activity requirement of the radionuclide is often judged only through experience, and the accurate management of the radionuclide activity requirement cannot be realized.
The invention is realized in the following way:
the invention provides a radionuclide activity control method, which comprises the following steps:
s10, determining the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity and the post-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment according to the radioactive demand data of the patient, wherein the radioactive demand data at least comprise weight, age, sex, disease type and treatment target, the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment is recorded as a first preset activity, and the post-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment is recorded as a second preset activity;
s20, measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide and comparing the actual activity with a first preset activity; injecting a dose of the patient therapeutic radionuclide into the patient via the syringe if the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity; if the actual activity does not match the first predetermined activity, adjusting the activity of the radionuclide until the actual activity meets the requirement;
s30, in the radionuclide injection process, monitoring vital signs of a patient and distribution conditions of radionuclides in real time, and adjusting injection speed and time according to judgment of doctors;
s40, measuring the detection activity of the radionuclide in the patient again after the radionuclide injection is finished, and comparing the detection activity with a second preset activity; ending the treatment if the detected activity matches the second predetermined activity; if the detected activity does not correspond to the second predetermined activity, corresponding measures are taken to eliminate unwanted or radionuclides or to supplement the injected radionuclides in the patient.
Based on the technical scheme, the activity control method of the radionuclide can be further improved as follows:
the step of determining the type, the dose and the activity before injection of the radionuclide according to the radiation demand data of the patient specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a radionuclide therapy data set comprising a plurality of historically effective therapy regimens, wherein each historical therapy regimen comprises historical patient radiation demand data, the type, dose and pre-injection activity of the radionuclide used in the therapy;
and 2, matching the radiation demand data of the patient with the radiation demand data of the historical patient in each historical treatment scheme in the radionuclide therapy data set to obtain a historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree, and taking the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide in the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree as the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient therapy.
Wherein, the step of measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide specifically comprises:
a gamma detector, a multi-channel analyzer and a computing terminal are adopted, wherein the gamma detector is used for receiving gamma rays emitted by radionuclides and converting the gamma rays into electric signals; the multi-channel analyzer is used for carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the electric signals output by the gamma detector to obtain gamma ray counts of different energy sections; the computing terminal is used for processing and displaying the energy spectrum data output by the multi-channel analyzer and computing the actual activity of the radionuclide.
Further, the formula for determining whether the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity is:
XF 1= |h1-H1' |/H1', wherein XF1 is the coincidence of the actual activity with the first predetermined activity, H1 represents the actual activity, H1' represents the first predetermined activity, and if XF1<0.2, it represents that the actual activity coincides with the first predetermined activity; otherwise, the actual activity is not consistent with the first preset activity;
the formula for judging whether the detection activity and the second preset activity are in phase is as follows:
XF 2= |h2-H2' |/H2', wherein XF2 is the coincidence of the detection activity with the second predetermined activity, H2 represents the detection activity, H2' represents the second predetermined activity, and if XF2<0.2, it represents the coincidence of the detection activity with the second predetermined activity; otherwise, it indicates that the detected activity does not match the second predetermined activity.
Wherein the step of injecting a dose of the radionuclide for patient treatment into the patient by means of the injector further comprises a step of radionuclide loss dose compensation, comprising:
acquiring a syringe adherence radionuclide database comprising a plurality of historical metadata, each historical metadata comprising a syringe model, a radionuclide class, a dose, and a radionuclide adherence amount;
according to the current type of the injector, the type and the dosage of the radioactive nuclide, searching historical metadata with highest matching degree in the injector adhering radioactive nuclide database, and taking the adhering quantity of the radioactive nuclide in the historical metadata as a compensation dosage;
the sum of the dose of the patient therapeutic radionuclide and the compensation dose is taken as the injection dose.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned improvement scheme are: because some radionuclides are often adhered to the inner wall of the injector, the radionuclides cannot enter the patient, so that the radionuclides injected into the patient have smaller dosage than the due injection dosage, and the treatment effect under the condition of the activity course is reduced due to the reduction of the dosage, the step of compensating the loss dosage of the radionuclides is arranged, and the technical problem that the dosage of the radionuclides injected into the patient is smaller than the due injection dosage is solved.
In the step of searching the history metadata with highest matching degree in the injector adhering radionuclide database, the method for calculating the matching degree comprises the following specific steps:
selecting a data set, of which the type of the injector and the type of the radionuclide are the same as the type of the current injector, in the historical metadata as a screening data set of the historical metadata;
and selecting the historical metadata with the closest radionuclide dosage to the dosage of the radionuclide for patient treatment in the screening data set as the historical metadata with the highest matching degree.
Further, the step of collecting historical metadata in the injector-adhered radionuclide database includes:
collecting the type and the dosage of an injector in the radionuclide injection process;
after the injection is finished, the injection needle of the injector is vertically downwards placed, the piston of the injector is pulled to the highest position, and the injector is kept stand for 10 seconds;
shooting the injector by adopting a high-definition camera and rotating the injector by 360 degrees to obtain a plurality of injector orthogonal images;
splicing the plurality of syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image;
carrying out pretreatment of graying, edge detection and denoising on the injector unfolding image to obtain a first image;
detecting the liquid drop contours on the first image by adopting an image segmentation algorithm to obtain first all liquid drop contours;
and calculating the first total drop outline by using a pre-trained radionuclide adhesion amount model to obtain the total drop volume, wherein the total drop volume is used as radionuclide adhesion amount.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned improvement scheme are: because the radionuclide adheres to the inner wall of the injector, and the radioactivity of the radionuclide has a certain influence on the human body, the injector can be used for rapidly disposing the radionuclide after shooting by directly adopting a high-definition camera to shoot and performing model calculation on a shot image to obtain the total volume of liquid drops, so that the exposure time of the radionuclide is prevented from being overlong.
Further, the steps of establishing and training the radionuclide adhesion amount model specifically comprise:
building a training data set;
building a neural network model: establishing a radionuclide adhesion model prototype by adopting a neural network model;
model training: and training the radionuclide adhesion model prototype by using the training data set to obtain the radionuclide adhesion model.
Further, the step of building a training database specifically includes:
multiple groups of experiments were performed, wherein the experiments used m syringes of the same type and one 50ml graduated cylinder;
50ml of distilled water is injected into the measuring cylinder;
sucking n milliliters of distilled water from the measuring cylinder by using each experimental syringe, and re-injecting the sucked distilled water into the measuring cylinder;
pulling the injected experimental syringe piston to the highest position, and standing for 10 seconds;
shooting the experimental injector by using a high-definition camera, and rotating the experimental injector by 360 degrees to obtain a plurality of orthogonal images of the experimental injector:
splicing a plurality of experimental syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image;
performing pretreatment of graying, edge detection and denoising on the developed image of the experimental injector to obtain a second image;
detecting the liquid drop contours on the second image by adopting an image segmentation algorithm to obtain second all liquid drop contours;
after each injector completes the steps of sucking and re-injecting into the measuring cylinder, taking the volume of distilled water in the current measuring cylinder as the residual distilled water volume;
the average adhesion volume was calculated as follows:
nl= (50-remaining distilled water volume)/m;
a training dataset was created in which the training input was the second full drop profile for each experimental syringe and the training output was the average adhesion volume.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned improvement scheme are: because radionuclides have radioactivity, distilled water is used for experiments instead of radionuclides, so that the result similar to the adhesion volume of the radioactive nucleic acid can be obtained, and the occurrence of radioactivity in the experimental process is avoided.
Further, the step of matching the radiation requirement data of the patient with the radiation requirement data of the historical patient in each historical treatment scheme in the radionuclide treatment data set to obtain the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree specifically includes:
the radiation requirement data of the patient is recorded as a first vector x1= [ body weight, age, sex, disease species, treatment objective ]; recording historical patient radiation demand data in each historical treatment regimen in the radionuclide therapy dataset as a second vector x2= [ body weight, age, sex, disease species, treatment objective ];
calculating the similarity of the first vector and the second vector by adopting cosine similarity;
and taking the historical treatment scheme corresponding to the second vector with the highest similarity as the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree.
Further, the radionuclides also include radiopharmaceuticals for use in nuclear medicine therapies.
Compared with the prior art, the radionuclide activity control method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by constructing a radionuclide therapy data set, a mode of matching the radionuclide therapy data set according to the radionuclide therapy data of the patient with the historical patient radiotherapy demand data in each historical therapy scheme in the radionuclide therapy data set can be utilized to obtain a historical therapy scheme with highest matching degree, and then the activity requirement of the radionuclide needed by the patient therapy is obtained; the method solves the technical problems that in the treatment process of a patient by nuclear medicine medical staff, the activity requirement of the radionuclide is often judged only through experience, and the accurate management of the activity requirement of the radionuclide cannot be realized.
2. Because some radionuclides are often adhered to the inner wall of the injector, the radionuclides cannot enter the patient, so that the radionuclides injected into the patient have smaller dosage than the due injection dosage, and the treatment effect under the condition that the activity is met is reduced due to the reduction of the dosage, the step of compensating the loss dosage of the radionuclides is arranged, and the technical problem that the dosage of the radionuclides injected into the patient is smaller than the due injection dosage is solved. The high-definition camera is directly adopted for shooting, and the total volume of the liquid drops is obtained by performing model calculation on the shot image, so that the injector of the radionuclide can be rapidly processed after shooting, and the radionuclide exposure time is prevented from being overlong. Meanwhile, in consideration of the radioactive influence, distilled water is adopted to replace radionuclide to perform experiments, so that the result similar to the adhesion volume of radioactive nucleic acid can be obtained, and the radiation in the experimental process is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the activity of a radionuclide according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for controlling the activity of a radionuclide, which comprises the following steps:
s10, determining the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity and the post-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment according to the radiation demand data of the patient, wherein the radiation demand data at least comprise the weight, the age, the sex, the disease species and the treatment target, the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment is marked as a first preset activity, and the post-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment is marked as a second preset activity;
s20, measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide and comparing the actual activity with a first preset activity; injecting a dose of the patient therapeutic radionuclide into the patient via the syringe if the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity; if the actual activity does not match the first predetermined activity, adjusting the activity of the radionuclide until the actual activity meets the requirement;
s30, in the radionuclide injection process, monitoring vital signs of a patient and distribution conditions of radionuclides in real time, and adjusting injection speed and time according to judgment of doctors;
s40, measuring the detection activity of the radionuclide in the patient again after the radionuclide injection is finished, and comparing the detection activity with a second preset activity; ending the treatment if the detected activity matches the second predetermined activity; if the detected activity does not correspond to the second predetermined activity, corresponding measures are taken to eliminate unwanted or radionuclides or to supplement the injected radionuclides in the patient.
In the radionuclide injection process, the vital sign of a patient and the distribution condition of the radionuclide are monitored in real time, and the steps of adjusting the injection speed and time are carried out according to the judgment of doctors, specifically comprising the following steps:
substep 1.1: before injection, presetting a reasonable injection speed and time range according to factors such as age, sex, weight, height, illness state and the like of a patient;
substep 1.2: before injection, a vital sign monitor is worn on a patient, and can measure parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and the like of the patient in real time and transmit data to a control console;
substep 1.3: before injection, a radionuclide distribution monitor is arranged on a patient, and can measure the distribution situation of the radionuclide in the patient in real time and transmit data to a console;
substep 1.4: in the injection process, the control console calculates the dosage index of the patient in real time according to the data of the vital sign monitor and the radionuclide distribution monitor, such as effective dosage, absorbed dosage, equivalent dosage and the like, and compares the dosage index with a preset target dosage;
substep 1.5: in the injection process, if the control console finds that the dosage index of the patient deviates from the target dosage too much or vital signs are abnormal, the injection speed and time can be automatically or manually adjusted through an adjusting valve, so that the dosage index of the patient approaches the target dosage and the vital signs are ensured to be stable;
substep 1.6: after the injection is completed, the console records the patient's final dose indicator and vital sign data and generates an injection report.
In addition, after injection, corresponding care and observation are given according to the illness state of patients and the property of radionuclides, such as water supplementing, nutrition, electrolyte and the like, so that complications such as dehydration, infection, bleeding and the like are prevented;
specifically, the method comprises the following substeps:
substep 2.1: after injection, determining the isolation time and mode of a patient according to the type and half-life of the radionuclide, such as using lead plates, lead glass and other isolation materials, so as to avoid unnecessary radiation pollution to surrounding personnel and environment;
substep 2.2: after injection, corresponding medication, such as antibiotics, analgesics, sedatives, etc., are administered according to the symptoms and responses of the patient, relieving discomfort and pain of the patient;
substep 2.3: after injection, proper amounts of water, nutrition, electrolyte and the like are given to supplement according to physique and metabolism of patients, so that excretion and metabolism of radionuclides are promoted, and residence time and dosage of radionuclides in the body are reduced;
substep 2.4: after injection, periodically detecting the vital signs and the distribution of the radionuclides of the patient, observing the recovery condition and the treatment or diagnosis effect of the patient, such as using an instrument device such as a blood analyzer, a urine analyzer, a scanner and the like, and recording the data;
substep 2.5: after injection, appropriate psychological coaching and comfort are given to the patient according to psychological states and mood changes of the patient, such as using music, video, games and the like, so as to relieve anxiety, fear, depression and the like of the patient and enhance the confidence and enthusiasm of the patient.
In the above technical solution, the step of determining the type, the dose and the activity before injection of the radionuclide according to the radiation demand data of the patient specifically includes:
step 1, constructing a radionuclide therapy data set comprising a plurality of historically effective therapy regimens, wherein each historical therapy regimen comprises historical patient radiation demand data, the type, dose and pre-injection activity of the radionuclide used in the therapy;
and 2, matching the radiation demand data of the patient with the radiation demand data of the historical patient in each historical treatment scheme in the radionuclide therapy data set to obtain a historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree, and taking the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide in the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree as the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment.
In the above technical solution, the step of measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide specifically includes:
a gamma detector, a multi-channel analyzer and a computing terminal are adopted, wherein the gamma detector is used for receiving gamma rays emitted by radionuclides and converting the gamma rays into electric signals; the multi-channel analyzer is used for carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the electric signals output by the gamma detector to obtain gamma ray counts of different energy sections; the computing terminal is used for processing and displaying the energy spectrum data output by the multi-channel analyzer and computing the actual activity of the radionuclide.
Further, in the above technical solution, the formula for determining whether the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity is:
XF 1= |h1-H1' |/H1', wherein XF1 is the coincidence of the actual activity with the first predetermined activity, H1 represents the actual activity, H1' represents the first predetermined activity, and if XF1<0.2, it represents that the actual activity coincides with the first predetermined activity; otherwise, the actual activity is not consistent with the first preset activity;
the formula for judging whether the detected activity accords with the second preset activity is as follows:
XF 2= |h2-H2' |/H2', wherein XF2 is the coincidence of the detection activity with the second predetermined activity, H2 represents the detection activity, H2' represents the second predetermined activity, and if XF2<0.2, it represents the coincidence of the detection activity with the second predetermined activity; otherwise, it indicates that the detected activity does not match the second predetermined activity.
Wherein in the above technical solution, the step of injecting the dose of the radionuclide for patient treatment into the patient's body by means of the injector further comprises the step of radionuclide loss dose compensation, comprising:
acquiring a syringe adhering radionuclide database, wherein the syringe adhering radionuclide database comprises a plurality of historical metadata, and each historical metadata comprises a syringe model, a radionuclide type, a dose and a radionuclide adhering amount;
according to the current type of the injector, the type and the dosage of the radioactive nuclide, searching historical metadata with highest matching degree in an injector adhering radioactive nuclide database, and taking the adhering quantity of the radioactive nuclide in the historical metadata as a compensation dosage;
the sum of the dose of the patient therapeutic radionuclide and the compensation dose is taken as the injection dose.
Further, in the above technical solution, the step of collecting historical metadata in the radionuclide database attached to the injector includes:
collecting the type and the dosage of an injector in the radionuclide injection process;
after the injection is finished, the injection needle of the injector is vertically downwards placed, the piston of the injector is pulled to the highest position, and the injector is kept stand for 10 seconds;
shooting the injector by adopting a high-definition camera and rotating the injector by 360 degrees to obtain a plurality of injector orthogonal images;
splicing the plurality of syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image;
carrying out pretreatment of graying, edge detection and denoising on the injector unfolding image to obtain a first image;
detecting the liquid drop contours on the first image by adopting an image segmentation algorithm to obtain first all liquid drop contours;
and calculating the outline of the first whole liquid drop by using a pre-trained radionuclide adhesion amount model to obtain the total volume of the liquid drop, wherein the total volume of the liquid drop is used as radionuclide adhesion amount.
The image stitching method is disclosed in chinese invention patent publication No. CN110211076B (CN 201910383804.7 image stitching method, image stitching apparatus and readable storage medium), chinese invention patent publication No. CN106991645B (CN 201710176990.8 image stitching method and apparatus), chinese invention patent publication No. CN104966270B (CN 201510368125.4 a multi-image stitching method), and chinese invention patent publication No. CN108648145B (CN 201810402399.4 image stitching method and apparatus); in the scheme of the invention, the image stitching method mentioned in the invention can be used, or the image stitching method provided by OpenCV can be used for stitching a plurality of syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image.
Further, in the above technical solution, the steps of establishing and training the radionuclide adhesion amount model specifically include:
building a training data set;
building a neural network model: establishing a radionuclide adhesion model prototype by adopting a neural network model;
model training: and training the radionuclide adhesion model prototype by using the training data set to obtain the radionuclide adhesion model.
Further, in the above technical solution, the step of establishing the training database specifically includes:
multiple groups of experiments were performed, wherein the experiments used m syringes of the same type and one 50ml graduated cylinder;
50ml of distilled water is injected into the measuring cylinder;
sucking n milliliters of distilled water from the measuring cylinder by using each experimental syringe, and re-injecting the sucked distilled water into the measuring cylinder;
pulling the injected experimental syringe piston to the highest position, and standing for 10 seconds;
shooting the experimental injector by using a high-definition camera, and rotating the experimental injector by 360 degrees to obtain a plurality of orthogonal images of the experimental injector;
splicing a plurality of experimental syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image;
carrying out pretreatment of graying, edge detection and denoising on the developed image of the experimental injector to obtain a second image;
detecting the liquid drop contours on the second image by adopting an image segmentation algorithm to obtain second all liquid drop contours;
after each injector completes the steps of sucking and re-injecting into the measuring cylinder, taking the volume of distilled water in the current measuring cylinder as the residual distilled water volume;
the average adhesion volume was calculated as follows:
nl= (50-remaining distilled water volume)/m;
a training dataset was created in which the training input was the second full drop profile for each experimental syringe and the training output was the average adhesion volume.
Typically, m > 50; the value of n is a sequence value, including an interval value of 1 to the maximum volume of the injector; preferably, m=100.
Further, in the above technical solution, the step of matching the radiation demand data of the patient with the radiation demand data of the historical patient in each historical treatment solution in the radionuclide treatment data set to obtain the historical treatment solution with the highest matching degree specifically includes:
the radiation requirement data of the patient is recorded as a first vector x1= [ body weight, age, sex, disease species, treatment objective ]; the historical patient radiation demand data in each historical treatment regimen in the radionuclide therapy dataset is noted as a second vector x2= [ body weight, age, sex, disease species, treatment objective ];
calculating the similarity of the first vector and the second vector by adopting cosine similarity;
and taking the historical treatment scheme corresponding to the second vector with the highest similarity as the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree.
Further, in the above technical solution, the radionuclide further comprises a radiopharmaceutical for use in nuclear medicine therapy.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of controlling the activity of a radionuclide, comprising the steps of:
s10, determining the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity and the post-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment according to the radiation demand data of the patient, wherein the radiation demand data at least comprise weight, age, sex, disease type and treatment target, the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment is recorded as a first preset activity, and the post-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient treatment is recorded as a second preset activity;
s20, measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide and comparing the actual activity with a first preset activity; injecting a dose of the patient therapeutic radionuclide into the patient via the syringe if the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity; if the actual activity does not match the first predetermined activity, adjusting the activity of the radionuclide until the actual activity meets the requirement;
s30, in the radionuclide injection process, monitoring vital signs of a patient and distribution conditions of radionuclides in real time, and adjusting injection speed and time according to judgment of doctors;
s40, measuring the detection activity of the radionuclide in the patient again after the radionuclide injection is finished, and comparing the detection activity with a second preset activity; ending the treatment if the detected activity matches the second predetermined activity; if the detected activity does not correspond to the second predetermined activity, corresponding measures are taken to eliminate unwanted or radionuclides or to supplement the injected radionuclides in the patient.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the type, dose and pre-injection activity of the radionuclide based on the patient's radiation demand data comprises:
step 1, constructing a radionuclide therapy data set comprising a plurality of historically effective therapy regimens, wherein each historical therapy regimen comprises historical patient radiation demand data, the type, dose and pre-injection activity of the radionuclide used in the therapy;
and 2, matching the radiation demand data of the patient with the radiation demand data of the historical patient in each historical treatment scheme in the radionuclide therapy data set to obtain a historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree, and taking the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide in the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree as the type, the dose and the pre-injection activity of the radionuclide for patient therapy.
3. The method according to claim l, wherein the step of measuring the actual activity of the radionuclide is:
a gamma detector, a multi-channel analyzer and a computing terminal are adopted, wherein the gamma detector is used for receiving gamma rays emitted by radionuclides and converting the gamma rays into electric signals; the multi-channel analyzer is used for carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the electric signals output by the gamma detector to obtain gamma ray counts of different energy sections; the computing terminal is used for processing and displaying the energy spectrum data output by the multi-channel analyzer and computing the actual activity of the radionuclide.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the formula for determining whether the actual activity matches the first predetermined activity is:
XF 1= |h1-H1' |/H1', wherein XF1 is the coincidence of the actual activity with the first predetermined activity, H1 represents the actual activity, H1' represents the first predetermined activity, and if XF1<0.2, it represents the coincidence of the actual activity with the first predetermined activity; otherwise, the actual activity is not consistent with the first preset activity;
the formula for judging whether the detected activity accords with the second preset activity is as follows:
XF 2= |h2-H2' |/H2', wherein XF2 is the coincidence of the detection activity with the second predetermined activity, H2 represents the detection activity, H2' represents the second predetermined activity, and if XF2<0.2, it represents the coincidence of the detection activity with the second predetermined activity; otherwise, it indicates that the detected activity does not match the second predetermined activity.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the dose of the radionuclide into the patient via the syringe further comprises the step of radionuclide loss dose compensation, comprising:
acquiring a syringe adherence radionuclide database comprising a plurality of historical metadata, each historical metadata comprising a syringe model, a radionuclide class, a dose, and a radionuclide adherence amount;
according to the current type of the injector, the type and the dosage of the radioactive nuclide, searching historical metadata with highest matching degree in the injector adhering radioactive nuclide database, and taking the adhering quantity of the radioactive nuclide in the historical metadata as a compensation dosage;
the sum of the dose of the patient therapeutic radionuclide and the compensation dose is taken as the injection dose.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of collecting historical metadata from the injector-adhered radionuclide database comprises:
collecting the type and the dosage of an injector in the radionuclide injection process;
after the injection is finished, the injection needle of the injector is vertically downwards placed, the piston of the injector is pulled to the highest position, and the injector is kept stand for 10 seconds;
shooting the injector by adopting a high-definition camera and rotating the injector by 360 degrees to obtain a plurality of injector orthogonal images;
splicing the plurality of syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image;
carrying out pretreatment of graying, edge detection and denoising on the injector unfolding image to obtain a first image;
detecting the liquid drop contours on the first image by adopting an image segmentation algorithm to obtain first all liquid drop contours;
and calculating the first total drop outline by using a pre-trained radionuclide adhesion amount model to obtain the total drop volume, wherein the total drop volume is used as radionuclide adhesion amount.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the steps of establishing and training the radionuclide adhesion model specifically comprise:
building a training data set;
building a neural network model: establishing a radionuclide adhesion model prototype by adopting a neural network model;
model training: and training the radionuclide adhesion model prototype by using the training data set to obtain the radionuclide adhesion model.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of creating a training database comprises:
multiple groups of experiments were performed, wherein the experiments used m syringes of the same type and one 50ml graduated cylinder;
50ml of distilled water is injected into the measuring cylinder;
sucking n milliliters of distilled water from the measuring cylinder by using each experimental syringe, and re-injecting the sucked distilled water into the measuring cylinder;
pulling the injected experimental syringe piston to the highest position, and standing for 10 seconds;
shooting the experimental injector by using a high-definition camera, and rotating the experimental injector by 360 degrees to obtain a plurality of orthogonal images of the experimental injector;
splicing a plurality of experimental syringe orthogonal images into a syringe unfolding image;
performing pretreatment of graying, edge detection and denoising on the developed image of the experimental injector to obtain a second image;
detecting the liquid drop contours on the second image by adopting an image segmentation algorithm to obtain second all liquid drop contours;
after each injector completes the steps of sucking and re-injecting into the measuring cylinder, taking the volume of distilled water in the current measuring cylinder as the residual distilled water volume;
the average adhesion volume was calculated as follows:
nl= (50-remaining distilled water volume)/m;
a training dataset was created in which the training input was the second full drop profile for each experimental syringe and the training output was the average adhesion volume.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of matching the patient's radiation demand data with the historical patient radiation demand data in each of the historical treatment protocols in the radionuclide therapy dataset to obtain a historical treatment protocol with the highest matching degree comprises:
the radiation requirement data of the patient is recorded as a first vector x1= [ body weight, age, sex, disease species, treatment objective ]; recording historical patient radiation demand data in each historical treatment regimen in the radionuclide therapy dataset as a second vector x2= [ body weight, age, sex, disease species, treatment objective ];
calculating the similarity of the first vector and the second vector by adopting cosine similarity;
and taking the historical treatment scheme corresponding to the second vector with the highest similarity as the historical treatment scheme with the highest matching degree.
10. A method of activity control of a radionuclide according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that the radionuclide further comprises a radiopharmaceutical for use in nuclear medicine therapy.
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