CN116481656A - Method and device for displaying hob thermodynamic diagram in real time - Google Patents
Method and device for displaying hob thermodynamic diagram in real time Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the installation position of the hob on the hob according to the hob graph; measuring the temperature value of the hob in real time by using a temperature sensor; establishing a cutter head temperature image, and labeling the measured temperature value of the hob in the cutter head temperature image according to the installation position of the hob on the cutter head; deducing adjacent temperature values of the hob according to an interpolation algorithm to obtain temperature values of all pixel points in a temperature image of the cutterhead; converting the temperature value into a color value by combining a temperature-color value conversion algorithm to obtain a hob thermodynamic diagram; and according to the obtained color values, sequentially refreshing the pixel points of the hob thermodynamic diagram to realize the real-time display of heat. According to the invention, thermodynamic diagrams are introduced in the field of tunnel construction, so that the hob thermodynamic diagrams can be refreshed in real time, the temperature information of the whole cutter head cutter can be intuitively and rapidly obtained, the states of the cutters are further analyzed and judged, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method and a device for displaying a hob thermodynamic diagram in real time, which realize the real-time display of the temperature thermodynamic diagram of a shield hob.
Background
The temperature information of the cutter is closely related to the state of the cutter, and when faults such as mud cake formation, clamping rotation, eccentric wear and the like occur to the cutter, the temperature of the cutter can be obviously changed. The current shield tunneling machine cutter information monitoring system can only acquire various temperature information of cutters one by one in a cutter information list mode, but the number of the shield tunneling machine cutters is large, the cutter temperature is acquired one by one in a cutter information list mode, the temperature information of the current cutters cannot be acquired rapidly and intuitively, the cutter temperature cannot be controlled integrally, the states of the cutters are more difficult to judge through the temperature information of the cutter of the whole cutter head, and once the cutter is subjected to faults such as mud cake formation, clamping rotation and the like and is not found in time, the tunneling efficiency of the shield tunneling machine is low, the cutters are seriously damaged, and the service life of the cutter head is prolonged.
In recent years, related researches on thermodynamic diagrams gradually appear along with the development of technology, and the thermodynamic diagrams have the advantages of quickly and intuitively reflecting the conditions of various parameters, describing the overall appearance of data and facilitating comparison among data sets, so that the thermodynamic diagrams are widely applied to various industries. The invention relates to a thermodynamic diagram generating method and a thermodynamic diagram generating system, which are used for establishing the quantity of people flow based on image recognition in the technical field of retail, further establishing a model with statistics of counter live-action images, and generating a thermodynamic diagram module so as to provide decision data of each retail area for operators. However, in the actual tunneling process of the shield machine, slurry or dregs are often wrapped on the surface of a cutter, and the temperature of a hob of the shield machine cannot be accurately calculated through an image recognition method. The application number is 201810713107.9, the invention name is a real-time display method and system of thermodynamic diagrams, the method is used in the field of computers to build a model based on statistics of website access amount, a thermodynamic diagram display module is generated, and the preference and interest distribution of a user can be obtained by analyzing the access behaviors of the user on a website, so that basis is provided for website optimization, and the value of the website is increased. However, in the actual tunneling process of the shield machine, the hob is fixedly arranged on the cutterhead and rotates along with the rotation of the cutterhead, so that the access quantity of the hob cannot be counted. Both of the above patents suffer from the disadvantages of complex modeling and difficulty in acquiring real-time data. The invention discloses a detection method for a mud cake of a cutterhead, which has the publication number of CN 114382542A, adopts a Kriging algorithm and a convolution method to carry out interpolation operation, and solves the problem of data precision, but has complicated calculation steps, extremely slow interpolation speed and 1 minute for finishing one-time updating, which is completely inconsistent with the requirement of real-time updating in engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to design a thermodynamic diagram detection method and device which are strong in practicality and high in precision and can intuitively display the hob temperature in real time in the technical field of tunnel construction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that the existing thermodynamic diagram display technology cannot carry out integral control on the temperature of a cutter and judge the state of the cutter, the invention provides the thermodynamic diagram detection method and the device which are strong in practicability, high in precision and capable of intuitively and real-timely displaying the temperature of the hob.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a hob thermodynamic diagram real-time display method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the installation position of a hob on a hob according to a hob graph;
step 2, measuring the temperature value of the hob in real time by using a temperature sensor;
step 3, a cutter head temperature image is established, and the measured temperature value of the hob is marked in the cutter head temperature image according to the installation position of the hob on the cutter head;
step 4, deducing adjacent temperature values of the hob according to an interpolation algorithm to obtain temperature values of all pixel points in a temperature image of the cutterhead;
step 5, combining actual engineering, confirming a temperature-to-color value algorithm according to a large number of tests, and converting the temperature value obtained in the step 4 into a color value to obtain a hob thermodynamic diagram;
and 6, refreshing pixel points of the hob thermodynamic diagram in sequence according to the acquired color values, so that the thermodynamic real-time display is realized.
Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged on each hob of the cutterhead, and real-time temperature values of the hob measured by the temperature sensor are respectively T1, T2, tn, TN and TN; tn is the temperature value of the nth hob, n=1-N, N is the total number of hob on the cutterhead; the cutter head temperature image is a circle with a pixel P as a diameter.
Preferably, the cutterhead map provides a hob installation radius Z and a hob installation angle theta, and the installation position of the hob is determined according to the cutterhead radius and the hob installation angle; a plane coordinate system is established by taking the center point of the cutter disc as an origin; the hob installation position is converted into coordinate points on a plane coordinate system through the installation position of the hob, the cutter disc diameter D and the pixels P:
(r1×z×cos θ, r1×z×sin θ), ratio r1=p/D; the coordinate points of the hob on the temperature image of the hob are respectively as follows: hob 1 is (x) 1 ,y 1 ) The hob 2 is (x) 2 ,y 2 ) .. hob n is (x) n ,y n ) .. hob N is (x) N ,y N )。
Preferably, in the step 4, the method for deducing the adjacent temperature value of the hob according to the difference algorithm is as follows: dividing the circle of the cutter head temperature image into M data points, wherein the pixels of each data point are 1*1, and marking the coordinate points of the mounting position of the hob or the values of the coordinate points in the adjacent positions as measured temperature values of the hob; and interpolating data points among the N hob by adopting a cubic spline interpolation method, and interpolating the rest data points by adopting an inverse proportion weight method.
Preferably, the implementation method of interpolating data points among the N hobs by the cubic spline interpolation method is as follows:
4.1 starting from hob 1, calculating the distances between hob 1 to hob 2, hob 3..hob N are d1, d 2..dz, respectively, where z = N-1; obtaining a hob nearest to the hob 1 as a hob s by the distance d1, d 2..dz, 2< = s < = N;
4.2 interpolation is carried out on the hob 1 and the hob S, if S+1 data points exist between the hob 1 and the hob S, S intervals are formed, and the S-section curves are divided; establishing a cubic spline curve equation, and sequentially solving to obtain a temperature value of each interpolation as each data point;
4.3 sequentially and circularly obtaining interpolation between two points of the hob 2 and the hob 3 by the steps 4.1-4.2; and the two hob closest to the hob only allow interpolation calculation once.
Preferably, the method for establishing a cubic spline curve equation and solving to obtain each interpolation comprises the following steps:
let each curve be S (x), let x coordinate x of data point 0 ,x 1 ,x 2 ,..x S Arranged in order of decreasing size, the value corresponding to each point is y 0 ,y 1 ,y 2 ,..y S The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The hob installation position determined by the cutterhead map determines that each section of curve S (x) meets the following three conditions of curve equation characteristics:
a. in each segment interval [ x ] i ,x i+1 ]I=0, 1, …, S-1, curve S (x) =s i (x) Are all a cubic polynomial;
b. satisfy S (x) i )＝y i ；
c. Curve S (x), derivative S '(x), second derivative S' (x) at [ x ] 0 ,x s ]The intervals are all continuous, i.e. the curve S (x) is smooth;
the curve S (x) is expressed as: s is S i (x)＝a i +b i (x-x i )+c i (x-x i ) 2 +d i (x-x i ) 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein a is i 、b i 、c i 、d i Respectively obtaining cubic spline interpolation coefficients of curve equations between adjacent hob;
conditions a and b according to the characteristics of the curve equation and curve S i (x) The continuity can be obtained:
S i (x i )＝y i
S i (x i+1 )＝y i+1 ；
S i '(x i+1 )＝S i ' +1 (x i+1 )
S″ i (x i+1 )＝S″ i+1 (x i+1 )；
the first and second derivatives of the combined curve S (x) are obtained according to the condition c:
S i (x)＝a i +b i (x-x i )+c i (x-x i ) 2 +d i (x-x i ) 3
S i '(x)＝b i +2c i (x-x i )+3d i (x-x i ) 2
S″ i (x)＝2c i +6d i (x-x i )；
let h be i ＝x i+1 -x i Representing the i-th segment interval, deducing: a, a i ＝y i 、
Then push out:
S i ' +1 (x i+1 )＝b i+1 +2c i+1 (x i+1 -x i+1 )+3d i+1 (x i+1 -x i+1 ) 2 ＝b i+1 ；
let S i (x i )＝m i The following is obtained:
it can be deduced that:
is available in the form of
Because the temperature value between the head hob and the tail hob of the simulated tertiary curve is known, namely the two ends of the curve do not need to be insertedThe value calculation can be expressed as:
the system of equations that can be solved is:
wherein n=s;
values of m0, m1, m2, & gt, mS are obtained through matrix operation, and a cubic spline interpolation coefficient a is obtained i 、b i 、c i 、d i And obtaining a cubic curve equation, and sequentially solving to obtain each interpolation temperature.
Preferably, the implementation method of the inverse proportion weighting method comprises the following steps: the final temperature value of the p1 point is jointly determined by the temperature values of the N hob known on the plane, and
wherein T is n Represents the temperature value, d, of hob n n Representing the distance from the coordinate point of hob n to the p1 th point when deriving the temperature of p1 th point, 0<n<=n; p1 is any one of the remaining data points.
Preferably, the implementation method of the temperature-to-color value algorithm in the step 5 is as follows:
1) The color gradation change is set to be the color gradation C 1 、C 2 And C 3 Color level C 1 、C 2 And C 3 The colors of the hob thermodynamic diagram are respectively red, yellow and green;
2) Setting the maximum value of the temperature value of the hob as Tmax and the minimum value as Tmin; calculating a temperature conversion factor tp=tn/(Tmax-Tmin);
3) And calculating the color value of each pixel point according to the adjacent tone scale change algorithm by using the temperature conversion factor.
Preferably, the implementation method of the adjacent tone scale variation algorithm is as follows:
any color display is composed of R, G, B, R, G, B ranges between [0,255 ];
in tone scale C u And C u+1 For example, the conversion steps are as follows:
the calculated color values R, G, B have the following values:
R＝C u .R*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .R*T p
G＝C u .G*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .G*T p
B＝C u .B*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .B*T p
wherein C is u R and C u+1 R represents the color gradation C u And C u+1 Red component of C u G and C u+1 G represents the color gradation C u And C u+1 Green component of (C) u B and C u+1 B represents the color level C u And C u+1 A blue component of (b);
and calculating the display color value of the pixel point according to the color value R, G, B by using a color value change function color.
When multi-order color display exists, color values R, G, B among all color levels are calculated in a cyclic recursion mode in sequence, and the recursion times are 3.
The device comprises a data acquisition unit and an industrial personal computer, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the industrial personal computer, a data storage module, a data processing module and a data display module are arranged on the industrial personal computer, the data storage module correspondingly stores temperature values of N hobs acquired by the data acquisition unit in a circular cutterhead temperature image taking a pixel P as a diameter according to the installation position of the hob, the circle is decomposed into small squares with each pixel being 1*1, the data processing module interpolates data points among the N hobs by using a cubic spline interpolation method, interpolates the rest data points by using an inverse proportion weight method, converts the temperature values of all the data points into color values by using a temperature conversion factor, and fills the small squares of the pixel 1*1 by using the color values to obtain the hob thermodynamic diagram; the data display module is used for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time.
Preferably, the data acquisition unit comprises a single chip microcomputer and a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are arranged in the hob barrel and on the shield tunneling machine cutterhead transmission shaft, a wireless transmission module is arranged in the temperature sensors, the wireless transmission module is connected with a wireless receiving module, the wireless receiving module is arranged on the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is connected with an industrial personal computer through an RS485 interface, and the industrial personal computer obtains a temperature value measured by the temperature sensors in real time through data analysis, namely the temperature value of the hob.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the hob temperature is obtained through the temperature sensor and is sent to the acquisition unit in a wireless mode, the acquisition unit receives sensing data of the temperature, and meanwhile, the received data are processed and forwarded to the industrial personal computer. And the industrial control software is deployed on the industrial control computer, the software acquires the hob temperature value through establishing a data model and analyzing the data, interpolates according to a cubic spline interpolation algorithm and an inverse proportion weight interpolation algorithm, and converts the temperature value into a color value according to a temperature conversion color algorithm, so that the thermodynamic diagram of the hob temperature is displayed in real time. The invention creatively introduces the thermodynamic diagram in the field of tunnel construction, can display the thermodynamic diagram in real time through a research algorithm, can refresh the thermodynamic diagram in real time through the hob thermodynamic diagram, can intuitively and rapidly acquire the temperature information of the whole cutterhead cutter, further integrally control the temperature of the cutterhead, integrally control the state information of the cutter, analyze and judge the states of all the cutters, pay attention to the temperature anomaly cutters, further timely find and remove the faults such as cutter mud cake, clamping rotation and the like, avoid the problems that the tunneling efficiency of the shield tunneling machine becomes low when the faults such as mud cake, eccentric wear, clamping rotation and the like occur to the cutter once the faults such as mud cake, eccentric wear and clamping rotation occur and the like are not found in time, and can seriously damage the cutter and reduce the service life of the cutterhead, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating data analysis according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time, comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining the installation position of the hob on the cutterhead according to a cutterhead graph, wherein the number of the hob is N.
And 2, measuring the temperature value of the hob in real time by using a temperature sensor.
The method comprises the steps that N temperature sensors are arranged on a hob barrel of a hob, an acquisition unit acquires data measured by the temperature sensors at regular time, the acquired data are forwarded to an industrial personal computer through a serial port RS485, the industrial personal computer analyzes the data through an RS485 interface to obtain real-time temperatures of all hob, and the real-time temperatures of the hob are set to be T1, T2, tn, TN and TN respectively.
And determining the installation position of the hob on the cutterhead according to the hob installation radius Z, the installation angle theta and the coordinates (Z, sin, theta) of the installation position of the hob provided by the cutterhead graph, wherein each hob has a hob barrel, and a temperature sensor is installed in the hob barrel and on a transmission shaft of the cutterhead of the shield tunneling machine. The temperature sensor is internally provided with a wireless transmission module, and data can be transmitted in a wireless mode in real time. The receiving module receives data in real time, and the receiving module is integrated on a PCB circuit board (called an acquisition unit) controlled by a singlechip. The acquisition unit is provided with an RS485 interface, and the data is analyzed according to the coding mode of FIG. 2 and then sent to the industrial personal computer in real time. The upper computer software of the industrial personal computer obtains each hob temperature value through data analysis, interpolates by a three-way method and interpolates by inverse proportion weight, converts the temperature into color and displays in real time. The hob numbers and the temperature sensor numbers are in one-to-one correspondence.
And 3, establishing a cutter head temperature image, and marking the measured temperature value of the hob in the cutter head temperature image according to the installation position of the hob on the cutter head.
(1) The cutter head is regarded as a circle, the circle with the pixel P as the diameter is used as a cutter head temperature image for storing the temperature value of the cutter head, and the diameter of the cutter head is D.
(2) A plane coordinate system is established by taking a center point of the cutter disc as an origin; and converting the installation position of the hob into coordinate points on a plane coordinate system through the installation position of the hob on the cutterhead, the diameter D of the cutterhead and the pixels P. The ratio r=p/D, and the hob can be converted into (r×z×cos θ, r×z×sin θ) at the coordinate points of the planar coordinate system, that is, hob 1 (X1, Y1), hob 2 (X2, Y2). Hob N (Xn, yn).
And 4, deducing adjacent temperature values of the hob according to a difference algorithm to obtain temperature values of all pixel points in the temperature image of the cutterhead.
Dividing the circular shape with the diameter of P pixels into M blocks, wherein each block of pixels is 1*1; the number of cutter disc hobs is N, wherein N is far smaller than M, and the rest M-N blocks are subjected to interpolation algorithm to deduce the temperature. The hob can be regarded as 1 pixel point of 1*1, because the adjacent temperature value deduced according to the interpolation algorithm has little difference compared with the temperature of the point, the hob can be regarded as a plurality of pixel points, and the pixel points do not participate in calculation during interpolation calculation, so that the data for calculating interpolation can be reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the instantaneity is increased.
In order to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the interpolation algorithm, the interpolation algorithm adopts two different interpolation algorithms, namely an algorithm A and an algorithm B, wherein the algorithm A is a cubic spline interpolation method, the algorithm B is an inverse proportion weight method, wherein the algorithm A is used for interpolation of data points among N hob, the number of the data points among N hob is set to be R, and the algorithm B is used for interpolation of the rest M-N-R data points. Spline interpolation is more accurate than the inverse proportional weighting method, but at the same time the algorithm is complex and high. In practical engineering application, spline interpolation is used for elements between adjacent hob, and inverse proportion weighting is used for the rest other points, so that the precision required by engineering can be met, the complexity of an algorithm is considered, and real-time refreshing of thermodynamic diagrams is ensured.
The specific steps of algorithm A are as follows:
4.1 starting from hob 1 (X1, Y1), distances d1, d 2..dz (where z=n-1) and distance between hob 1 to hob 2, hob 3..hob N are calculated, respectively
Wherein X, Y, xv, yv respectively represent two-point coordinates of a plane rectangular; the nearest hob to hob 1 is obtained by the distance d1, d 2..dz, and the coordinates of hob s (2 < = s < = N) are set to (Xs, ys).
4.2 interpolation between hob 1 and hob S, if there are s+1 data points between hob 1 and hob S, there will be a total of S intervals, and there will be a curve that will divide the S segment. Assuming each curve is S (x), the x coordinate of this set of data points is: x0, x1, x2, ·xs is arranged in order from small to large, with the value of y0, y1, y2, ·ys corresponding to each point. The cutter head diagram is used for determining the installation position of the hob, and each section of curve S (x) can be determined to meet the following three conditions:
a. in each segment interval [ x ] i ,x i+1 ](i=0, 1, …, S-1), curve S (x) =s i (x) Are all a cubic polynomial;
b. satisfy S (x) i )＝y i (i＝0,1,…,S-1)；
c. Curve S (x), derivative S '(x), second derivative S' (x) at [ x ] 0 ,x s ]The intervals are all continuous, i.e. the curve S (x) is smoothA kind of electronic device.
The curve S (x) can be expressed by the following formula:
S i (x)＝a i +b i (x-x i )+c i (x-x i ) 2 +d i (x-x i ) 3 (2)
wherein a is i 、b i 、c i 、d i Cubic spline interpolation coefficients of the curve equation between adjacent hob.
Conditions a and b according to the characteristics of the curve equation and curve S i (x) The continuity can be obtained:
S i (x i )＝y i
S i (x i+1 )＝y i+1 (3)
S i '(x i+1 )＝S i ' +1 (x i+1 )
S″ i (x i+1 )＝S″ i+1 (x i+1 ) (4)
the first derivative and the second derivative of the curve according to the condition c and the formula (2) can be obtained
S i (x)＝a i +b i (x-x i )+c i (x-x i ) 2 +d i (x-x i ) 3
S i '(x)＝b i +2c i (x-x i )+3d i (x-x i ) 2
S″ i (x)＝2c i +6d i (x-x i ) (5)
For convenience of description: let h be i ＝x i+1 -x i Representing the interval of the ith segment, deriving by combining the formula (2) and the formula (3)
a i ＝y i (6)
Combine (6) and (7) push out
Deducing according to formula (5)
S i ' +1 (x i+1 )＝b i+1 +2c i+1 (x i+1 -x i+1 )+3d i+1 (x i+1 -x i+1 ) 2 ＝b i+1 (9)
Derived from (4) and (9)
Set S' for convenience of description i (x i )＝m i And deriving from the combination of formulae (4) and (5):
bringing equations (11) and (12) into equation (8) can be deduced:
by bringing the formulae (11), (12), (13) into formula (10)
Since the temperature value between the first hob and the last hob of the simulated cubic curve is known, namely the two ends of the curveThe calculation without interpolation can be expressed as
The system of equations to be solved can be derived from equations (14) and (15) as: (how many equations there are divided into sections between adjacent hob, each section of curve equation is regarded as a cubic polynomial equation, where n=s)
Solving the above equation set can obtain interpolation of each segment. Values of m0, m1, m2, & gt, mS are obtained by matrix operation, and then cubic spline interpolation coefficients a are obtained by formulas (6), (13), (11), (12) i 、b i 、c i 、d i . Knowing the cubic spline interpolation coefficient a i 、b i 、c i 、d i And obtaining a cubic curve equation, and sequentially solving to obtain each interpolation temperature.
4.3, sequentially and circularly acquiring the difference value between two points of the hob 2 and the hob 3.
The remaining M-N-R data points are interpolated by an interpolation algorithm B, which comprises the following steps:
if the temperature of the point V (Xv, yv) is Tv, the influence of the point V on the point P1 (X, Y) with the distance d can be calculated according to the following formula:
tp1=tv/d, where d is the two-point coordinate distance reference formula (1) in the plane.
The final temperature value of the P1 point is jointly determined by the known N hob temperature values on the plane, and the following formula is adopted:
where Tn represents the nth temperature of the hob and dn represents the distance between the nth temperature point of the hob to the p1 st point when deriving the temperature of the p1 st point, 0<n < = N.
Interpolation is sequentially performed on the M-N-R data points by the formula (16).
And 5, combining actual engineering, confirming a temperature-to-color value algorithm according to a large number of experiments, and converting the temperature value obtained in the step 4 into a color value to obtain a hob thermodynamic diagram. The specific algorithm is as follows:
(1) Setting the color level change to C 1 (Red), C 2 (yellow) C u (orange); u can be set arbitrarily, the larger the value of u is, the better the color layering sense is, but the algorithm complexity is high at the same time, and u=3 is used in combination with engineering and practical application at this time; i.e. thermodynamic diagram colors between red, yellow, green.
(2) Setting the maximum value of the hob temperature as Tmax and the minimum value as Tmin;
(3) Any color display is composed of R, G, B, R, G, B ranges between [0,255 ];
(4) Calculating a temperature conversion factor tp=tn/(Tmax-Tmin); the temperature conversion factor of each pixel point is related to the temperature value of the point, so that the color converted by each temperature value is ensured to be changed within a designated color level range. The higher the temperature is, the more red the color is, the lower the temperature is, the more green the color is, and each temperature value can be ensured to be displayed between the red color and the green color through a conversion factor.
(5) Acquisition of adjacent level change algorithms, e.g. in level C u And C u+1 For example, the specific conversion steps are as follows:
5.1 calculating color value R, G, B put into numerical size
R＝C u .R*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .R*T p
G＝C u .G*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .G*T p
B＝C u .B*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .B*T p
Wherein C is u R and C u+1 R represents the color gradation C u And C u+1 Red component of C u G and C u+1 G represents the color gradation C u And C u+1 Green component of (C) u B and C u+1 B represents the color level C u And C u+1 Is a blue component of (b).
5.2 the display color value of the pixel is calculated from the color value R, G, B using the color value change function color. Any one color is obtained from a color value change function color.
If the multi-order colors need to be displayed, the reference step (5) sequentially circulates, recursively and reciprocally, and the recursion times are arranged and combinedThe more color levels, the more aesthetically pleasing the displayed thermodynamic diagram, but affecting software performance. The thermodynamic diagram color gradation displays three color gradations of red, yellow and green by combining practical engineering application and considering the attractiveness and the performance. Namely step (5) requires cycling +.>And twice.
The invention draws a circular digital image on an industrial personal computer by the whole cutter head, the diameter of the circle is P pixels, the circle is decomposed into small squares which are 1*1 each, different small squares are filled with different colors, and the whole circle is filled by analogy, so that a hob thermodynamic diagram is obtained. And a cubic spline interpolation method is used between two adjacent hob, the middle is divided according to a small square of 1*1 pixels in sequence, the temperature is deduced by using the cubic spline interpolation, the color is deduced by the temperature, the color value is filled in the 1*1 pixel small square of the hob thermodynamic diagram, and the total number of the divided small squares between all the adjacent hob is R. M-N-R small squares remain on the whole circle, and the temperature values of these small squares are obtained by the inverse distance weighting method, and are converted into colors by the temperature values.
And 6, refreshing M blocks of the hob thermodynamic diagram in sequence according to the acquired color values, so that the thermodynamic real-time display is realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the device for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagram in real time comprises a data acquisition unit and an industrial personal computer, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the industrial personal computer, a data storage module, a data processing module and a data display module are arranged on the industrial personal computer, the data storage module correspondingly stores temperature values of N hob acquired by the data acquisition unit in a circular cutterhead temperature image taking a pixel P as a diameter according to the hob installation position, the circle is decomposed into small squares with each pixel 1*1, the data processing module interpolates data points among the N hob by utilizing a cubic spline interpolation method, interpolates the rest data points by utilizing an inverse proportion weight method, converts the temperature value of each data point into a color value by utilizing a temperature conversion factor, and fills the small squares of the pixel 1*1 with the color value to obtain the hob thermodynamic diagram; the data display module is used for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time.
Further, the data acquisition unit comprises a single chip microcomputer and a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are arranged in the hob barrel and on the shield tunneling machine cutterhead transmission shaft, a wireless transmission module is arranged in the temperature sensors and connected with a wireless receiving module, the wireless receiving module is arranged on the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is connected with an industrial personal computer through an RS485 interface, and the industrial personal computer performs data analysis in a decoding mode corresponding to that shown in fig. 2 to obtain a temperature value measured by the temperature sensors in real time, namely, the temperature value of the hob.
Other implementation methods are the same as in embodiment 1.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagram in real time is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining the installation position of a hob on a hob according to a hob graph;
step 2, measuring the temperature value of the hob in real time by using a temperature sensor;
step 3, a cutter head temperature image is established, and the measured temperature value of the hob is marked in the cutter head temperature image according to the installation position of the hob on the cutter head;
step 4, deducing adjacent temperature values of the hob according to an interpolation algorithm to obtain temperature values of all pixel points in a temperature image of the cutterhead;
step 5, converting the temperature value obtained in the step 4 into a color value by combining a temperature-color value conversion algorithm to obtain a hob thermodynamic diagram;
and 6, refreshing pixel points of the hob thermodynamic diagram in sequence according to the acquired color values, so that the thermodynamic real-time display is realized.
2. The method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is installed on each hob of the cutterhead, and real-time temperature values of the hob measured by the temperature sensor are respectively T1, T2,..; tn is the temperature value of the nth hob, n=1-N, N is the total number of hob on the cutterhead; the cutter head temperature image is a circle with a pixel P as a diameter.
3. The method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagram in real time according to claim 2, wherein the cutterhead diagram provides a hob installation radius Z and a hob installation angle theta, and the installation position of the hob is determined according to the cutterhead radius and the hob installation angle; a plane coordinate system is established by taking the center point of the cutter disc as an origin; the hob installation position is converted into coordinate points on a plane coordinate system through the installation position of the hob, the cutter disc diameter D and the pixels P: (r1×z×cos θ, r1×z×sin θ), ratio r1=p/D; the coordinate points of the hob on the temperature image of the hob are respectively as follows: hob 1 is (x) 1 ,y 1 ) The hob 2 is (x) 2 ,y 2 ) .. hob n is (x) n ,y n ) .. hob N is (x) N ,y N )。
4. A method for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the method for deriving hob adjacent temperature values according to the difference algorithm in step 4 is as follows: dividing the circle of the cutter head temperature image into M data points, wherein the pixels of each data point are 1*1, and marking the coordinate points of the mounting position of the hob or the values of the coordinate points in the adjacent positions as measured temperature values of the hob; and interpolating data points among the N hob by adopting a cubic spline interpolation method, and interpolating the rest data points by adopting an inverse proportion weight method.
5. The method for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 4, wherein the implementation method for interpolating data points among N hob by using the cubic spline interpolation method is as follows:
4.1 starting from hob 1, calculating the distances between hob 1 to hob 2, hob 3..hob N are d1, d 2..dz, respectively, where z = N-1; obtaining a hob nearest to the hob 1 as a hob s by the distance d1, d 2..dz, 2< = s < = N;
4.2 interpolation is carried out on the hob 1 and the hob S, if S+1 data points exist between the hob 1 and the hob S, S intervals are formed, and the S-section curves are divided; establishing a cubic spline curve equation, and sequentially solving to obtain a temperature value of each interpolation as each data point;
4.3 sequentially and circularly obtaining interpolation between two points of the hob 2 and the hob 3 by the steps 4.1-4.2; and the two hob closest to the hob only allow interpolation calculation once.
6. The method for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 5, wherein the method for establishing a cubic spline curve equation and solving to obtain each interpolation is as follows:
let each curve be S (x), let x coordinate x of data point 0 ,x 1 ,x 2 ,..x S Arranged in order of decreasing size, the value corresponding to each point is y 0 ,y 1 ,y 2 ,..y S The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Determined by cutterhead mapThe hob installation position determines that each segment of curve S (x) satisfies the following three conditions of the curve equation characteristics:
a. in each segment interval [ x ] i ,x i+1 ]I=0, 1, …, S-1, curve S (x) =s i (x) Are all a cubic polynomial;
b. satisfy S (x) i )＝y i ；
c. Curve S (x), derivative S' (x), second derivative S "(x) at [ x ] 0 ,x s ]The intervals are all continuous, i.e. the curve S (x) is smooth;
the curve S (x) is expressed as: s is S i (x)＝a i +b i (x-x i )+c i (x-x i ) 2 +d i (x-x i ) 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein a is i 、b i 、c i 、d i Respectively obtaining cubic spline interpolation coefficients of curve equations between adjacent hob;
conditions a and b according to the characteristics of the curve equation and curve S i (x) The continuity can be obtained:
S i (x i )＝y i
S i (x i+1 )＝y i+1 ；
S i '(x i+1 )＝S i ' +1 (x i+1 )
S i ”(x i+1 )＝S i ” +1 (x i+1 )；
the first and second derivatives of the combined curve S (x) are obtained according to the condition c:
S i (x)＝a i +b i (x-x i )+c i (x-x i ) 2 +d i (x-x i ) 3
S i '(x)＝b i +2c i (x-x i )+3d i (x-x i ) 2
S i ”(x)＝2c i +6d i (x-x i )；
let h be i ＝x i+1 -x i Representing the i-th segment interval, deducing: a, a i ＝y i 、
Then push out:
S i ' +1 (x i+1 )＝b i+1 +2c i+1 (x i+1 -x i+1 )+3d i+1 (x i+1 -x i+1 ) 2 ＝b i+1 ；
set S i ”(x i )＝m i The following is obtained:
it can be deduced that:
is available in the form of
Since the temperature value between the first hob and the second hob of the simulated cubic curve is known, that is, the two ends of the curve do not need to be interpolated, the temperature value can be expressed as:
the system of equations that can be solved is:
wherein n=s;
values of m0, m1, m2, & gt, mS are obtained through matrix operation, and a cubic spline interpolation coefficient a is obtained i 、b i 、c i 、d i And obtaining a cubic curve equation, and sequentially solving to obtain each interpolation temperature.
7. The method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the implementation method of the inverse proportion weighting method is as follows: the final temperature value of the p1 point is jointly determined by the temperature values of the N hob known on the plane, and
wherein T is n Represents the temperature value, d, of hob n n Representing the distance from the coordinate point of hob n to the p1 th point when deriving the temperature of p1 th point, 0<n<=n; p1 is any one of the remaining data points.
8. The method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 4, wherein the implementation method of the temperature-to-color value algorithm in step 5 is as follows:
1) The color gradation change is set to be the color gradation C 1 、C 2 And C 3 Color level C 1 、C 2 And C 3 The colors of the hob thermodynamic diagram are respectively red, yellow and green;
2) Setting the maximum value of the temperature value of the hob as Tmax and the minimum value as Tmin; calculating a temperature conversion factor tp=tn/(Tmax-Tmin);
3) And calculating the color value of each pixel point according to the adjacent tone scale change algorithm by using the temperature conversion factor.
9. According to the weightsThe method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the implementation method of the adjacent color level change algorithm is as follows: for tone scale C u And C u+1 The gradation, the conversion steps are as follows:
the calculated color values R, G, B have the following values:
R＝C u .R*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .R*T p
G＝C u .G*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .G*T p
B＝C u .B*(1.0-T p )+C u+1 .B*T p
wherein C is u R and C u+1 R represents the color gradation C u And C u+1 Red component of C u G and C u+1 G represents the color gradation C u And C u+1 Green component of (C) u B and C u+1 B represents the color level C u And C u+1 A blue component of (b);
calculating to obtain a display color value of the pixel point according to the color value R, G, B by using a color value change function color. From Rgb (R, G, B);
with multi-level color display, color values R, G, B between the respective color levels are computed recursively in turn.
10. The device of the method for displaying the hob thermodynamic diagram in real time according to the claims 1-9, characterized by comprising a data acquisition unit and an industrial personal computer, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the industrial personal computer, a data storage module, a data processing module and a data display module are arranged on the industrial personal computer, the data storage module correspondingly stores the temperature values of N hob acquired by the data acquisition unit in a temperature image of a circular cutterhead with a pixel P as a diameter according to the hob installation position, decomposes the circle into small squares with each pixel 1*1, interpolates data points among the N hob by a cubic spline interpolation method, interpolates the rest data points by an inverse proportion weight method, converts the temperature values of all the data points into color values by a temperature conversion factor, fills the small squares of the pixel 1*1 by the color values, and obtains the hob thermodynamic diagram; the data display module is used for displaying hob thermodynamic diagrams in real time.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein the data acquisition unit comprises a single chip microcomputer and a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are arranged in the hob barrel and on the shield tunneling machine cutterhead transmission shaft, a wireless transmission module is arranged in each temperature sensor and connected with a wireless receiving module, the wireless receiving module is arranged on the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is connected with an industrial personal computer through an RS485 interface, and the industrial personal computer obtains a temperature value measured by the temperature sensors in real time, namely the temperature value of the hob through data analysis.
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