CN116478357A - DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing terminal isocyanate groups, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing terminal isocyanate groups, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- DWSWCPPGLRSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinin-6-ium 6-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[P+](=O)OC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 DWSWCPPGLRSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100064157 Drosophila melanogaster drpr gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005935 nucleophilic addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001757 thermogravimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3878—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
- C08G18/388—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to carbon and/or to hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing terminal isocyanate groups and preparation method and application thereof, relates to the field of phosphorus-containing reactive flame retardants, and in particular relates to DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing terminal isocyanate groups and preparation method and application thereof. The method aims to solve the problems of poor thermal stability, easy migration and precipitation and poor compatibility with materials of the prior TPU phosphorus-containing flame retardant. The preparation method of the flame retardant comprises the following steps: 1. adding DOPO-HQ and toluene diisocyanate into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for reaction, cooling to room temperature, and crushing a product to obtain an intermediate; 2. and (3) adding the intermediate into an internal mixer for reaction, and crushing to obtain the flame retardant. The molecular structure of the synthetic flame retardant contains P-C, P-O and terminal isocyanate groups, and the flame retardant has a structure similar to that of a TPU matrix. The flame retardant has good water resistance, good compatibility and difficult migration and precipitation. The flame retardant of the invention is used for flame retarding thermoplastic polyurethane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of phosphorus-containing reactive flame retardants, in particular to a DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing an isocyanate group, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPU) are used as an elastomeric material between plastics and rubber. Because of the advantages of excellent mechanical properties, good wear resistance, medium resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and the like, the TPU material is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electric wires and cables, building materials and the like. But TPU materials are flammable and produce large amounts of droplets and smoke during combustion, limiting their use in most applications. Therefore, the necessary flame retardant modification is required during the application process.
In recent years, halogen-based flame retardants, which have relatively high flame retardant efficiency, generate a large amount of dense smoke and corrosive toxic gases upon thermal cracking or combustion, such as: polybrominated dibenzofurans, dioxins, and the like, some halogen-containing flame retardants have been disabled based on environmental and sustainable development requirements, making current development of green halogen-free environmental flame retardants increasingly demanding.
Among them, the organic phosphorus flame retardant is considered as one of important products capable of replacing halogen flame retardants due to the advantages of low smoke, no toxicity and the like, and has great development prospect. At present, the phosphorus flame retardant commonly used for TPU mainly comprises aryl phosphate (BDP, RDP, TPP and the like), polyphosphate (APP, MPP and the like) and alkyl hypophosphite, and the phosphorus flame retardant has the series problems of low heat stability, low flame retardant efficiency, easiness in migration and precipitation, poor compatibility with polymers, obvious reduction of mechanical properties of materials, difficult processing and the like in the process of flame retardant TPU, so that the application of flame retardant TPU materials in certain special fields is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor thermal stability, easiness in migration and precipitation and poor compatibility with materials of the conventional TPU phosphorus-containing flame retardant, and provides a DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing an isocyanate group, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The DOPO group reactive flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group has the structural formula:
wherein n is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30.
The synthesis method of the DOPO group reaction type flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group comprises the following steps:
step one: vacuumizing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, blowing high-purity nitrogen, adding DOPO-HQ and Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene lining into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, putting the hydrothermal reaction kettle into a high-temperature drying oven, reacting for 1-3 hours at 130-170 ℃, then raising the temperature to 180-200 ℃, reacting for 1-3 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out a product in the reaction kettle, and crushing to obtain an intermediate;
the DOPO-HQ is 10- (2, 5-dihydroxyphenyl) -10-hydrogen-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide;
step two: and (3) adding the intermediate obtained in the step (I) into an internal mixer, respectively reacting for 1-3 hours at 180-185 ℃, 190-195 ℃ and 200-205 ℃, and after the reaction is finished, crushing to obtain yellow solid powder, namely the flame retardant.
Further, the molar ratio of DOPO-HQ to toluene diisocyanate in the first step is 1 (1.05-1.1).
The DOPO group reactive flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group is used for flame retardance of thermoplastic polyurethane.
Further, the addition amount of the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant is 22-26 wt% of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention synthesizes the DOPO group reactive flame retardant containing P-C, P-O and terminal isocyanate groups in the molecular structure, the flame retardant has a structure similar to that of a TPU matrix, and can be chemically crosslinked with a TPU molecular chain in the processing process, so that the TPU composite material has excellent mechanical, water and weather resistance while the TPU flame retardant performance is endowed. The product is light yellow powder, and the yield is more than 98%. Thermal gravimetric analysis tests show that the DRFR flame retardant has an initial decomposition temperature of 270 ℃ and a char formation amount of more than 25% at 800 ℃, and the flame retardant DRFR has excellent thermal stability and char formation performance.
The DOPO-based reactive flame retardant disclosed by the invention has high synthesis yield and good application prospect. Because the reactive flame retardant has a similar structure with the TPU, has good compatibility with the polymer matrix, and is also connected with the chain segment of the TPU through chemical bonds, the reactive flame retardant has better compatibility in materials and is not easy to migrate and separate out, and the problems of poor water resistance, low thermal stability, larger influence on the mechanical properties of the materials and the like of the traditional phosphorus flame retardant are solved. When the flame retardant is used for flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane, when the addition amount of the flame retardant is 26wt%, the limiting oxygen index of the thermoplastic polyurethane is increased from 19.0% to 27.6%, the vertical burning test reaches the UL-94V-0 level, in addition, the introduction of the flame retardant effectively improves the mechanical property of the TPU composite material, and after the water-resistant test, the TPU composite material still maintains the original flame retardant property, so that the flame retardant TPU composite material with excellent comprehensive properties is prepared.
Compared with the prior phosphorus flame retardant, the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant has the advantages that no solvent is introduced in the synthesis process, no catalyst is needed, the post-treatment is simple and convenient, no pollution is caused to the environment, and the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant is an environment-friendly reaction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a thermogravimetric analysis of the flame retardant synthesized in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of the intermediate product obtained in step one of example 1;
FIG. 3 is an infrared spectrum of reactant DOPO-HQ and product flame retardant DRFR in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flame retardant DRFR that is the synthetic product of example 1 13 C NMR spectrum;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flame retardant DRFR of the synthetic product of example 1 1 H NMR spectrum.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the structural formula of the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group in the embodiment is as follows:
wherein n is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30.
The second embodiment is as follows: the method for synthesizing the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group comprises the following steps:
step one: vacuumizing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, blowing high-purity nitrogen, adding DOPO-HQ and Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene lining into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, putting the hydrothermal reaction kettle into a high-temperature drying oven, reacting for 1-3 hours at 130-170 ℃, then raising the temperature to 180-200 ℃, reacting for 1-3 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out a product in the reaction kettle, and crushing to obtain an intermediate;
the DOPO-HQ is 10- (2, 5-dihydroxyphenyl) -10-hydrogen-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide;
step two: and (3) adding the intermediate obtained in the step (I) into an internal mixer, respectively reacting for 1-3 hours at 180-185 ℃, 190-195 ℃ and 200-205 ℃, and after the reaction is finished, crushing to obtain yellow solid powder, namely the flame retardant.
According to the invention, DOPO and Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) containing P-O, P-C bond are used as starting materials, and macromolecule reactive flame retardant (DRFR) containing terminal isocyanate groups is prepared by regulating and controlling the proportion of DOPO and TDI, and is applied to flame retardance of TPU. In the processing process, nucleophilic addition reaction can occur between the flame retardant and the molecular chain of the TPU, so that the problems of low thermal stability, easiness in migration and precipitation, poor compatibility, difficult processing and the like of the traditional phosphorus-containing flame retardant applied to the TPU material are solved. The flame retardant DRPR has good comprehensive performance in a TPU matrix and has good industrialization prospect.
In the second step of the embodiment, the intermediate is heated and reacted in an internal mixer in sequence, which is favorable for the gradual addition reaction.
And a third specific embodiment: in step one of this embodiment, the molar ratio of DOPO-HQ to toluene diisocyanate is 1 (1.05-1.1). Other steps and parameters are the same as in the second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: in the first step of this embodiment, the reaction is carried out for 1 hour at 150℃and then the temperature is raised to 180℃for 1 hour. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the second or third embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: in the first embodiment, the vacuum is pumped into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and then high-purity nitrogen is blown in for 3-5 times. Other steps and parameters are the same as those of the second to fourth embodiments.
Specific embodiment six: in the first embodiment, the total volume of the reaction raw materials is less than 80% of the volume of the inner container of the polytetrafluoroethylene lining. Other steps and parameters are the same as in the second embodiment.
Seventh embodiment: the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing a terminal isocyanate group of the present embodiment is used for flame retardance of thermoplastic polyurethane.
Eighth embodiment: the addition amount of the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant in the embodiment is 22-26 wt% of the thermoplastic polyurethane. The other is the same as in the fifth embodiment.
The following examples of the present invention are described in detail, and are provided by taking the technical scheme of the present invention as a premise, and the detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
the synthetic method of the DOPO group reaction type flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group comprises the following steps:
step one: synthesis of intermediate prepolymers
And (3) vacuumizing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, then blowing high-purity nitrogen, and repeating the process for 5 times to ensure that the anaerobic and anhydrous conditions are achieved in the reaction device. 24.82g (0.075 mol) DOPO-HQ and 14.66g (0.0825 mol) TDI were added to the Teflon liner to ensure that the total volume of the addition was less than 80% of the liner volume, and the reaction materials were thoroughly mixed with a glass rod to allow the reaction mixture to be a white paste. Ensuring the correct position of the lower gasket of the kettle body (the bulge is downward), then putting a polytetrafluoroethylene lining and an upper gasket, screwing the kettle cover, and screwing the hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle. Finally, the hydrothermal synthesis reaction kettle is placed in a high-temperature oven, and after the reaction is carried out for 1h in the oven at 150 ℃, the reaction is continued for 1h at 180 ℃. And after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out a product in the reaction kettle, and crushing the taken product by a crusher to obtain an intermediate, wherein the intermediate is light yellow solid powder. The intermediate yield was 98%. The synthetic route for the intermediates is shown below.
Step two: synthesis of DOPO-based reactive flame retardant
The synthesized 11g of intermediate powder is reacted in an internal mixer for 3 hours under the following reaction conditions: firstly, reacting for 1h at 180 ℃, then reacting for 1h at 190 ℃, finally reacting for 1h at 200 ℃, and taking out a final product, namely a flame retardant (DRFR) after uniform and sufficient reaction. The product was a yellow solid with a yield of 98%. The product is crushed by a crusher, the melting range is 205-213 ℃, and the synthetic route of the product is shown as follows.
Thermogravimetric analysis of synthetic flame retardants
The thermogravimetric analysis curve of the flame retardant synthesized in this example is shown in fig. 1, wherein curve a in fig. 1 represents DTG curve and curve b represents TG curve. As can be seen from fig. 1, the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the flame retardant DRFR is 270.5 ℃, which indicates that the flame retardant has good thermal stability and can meet the processing temperature requirements of most high polymer materials such as thermoplastic polyurethane materials. The carbon residue of the flame retardant DRFR reaches 25.23wt% at 800 ℃, which shows that the flame retardant DRFR has good char formation performance, which is beneficial to the improvement of the flame retardant performance of the thermoplastic polyurethane material.
Characterization of (II) intermediates and synthetic products
The infrared spectrum of the intermediate product obtained in step one of this example is shown in fig. 2. 3000-3500 cm -1 The bulge is due to the incomplete reaction of-OH and-NCO, and the occurrence of broad peak due to hydrogen bond association, 2268cm -1 Is an asymmetric stretching vibration peak of typical-NCO, 926cm -1 The vibration absorption peak of P-O-Ar was 1198cm -1 Is P=O absorption peak 1475cm -1 The vibration absorption peak of P-Ar is shown, which indicates that the polymerization degree of the intermediate product can be further improved.
The infrared spectra of the reactants DOPO-HQ and the product flame retardant DRFR of this example are shown in FIG. 3. As seen from the infrared spectrum of DOPO-HQ as the reaction raw material in FIG. 3, 3406cm -1 at-OH characteristic peak and 3011cm -1 The position is a telescopic vibration peak of-C-H on the benzene ring, and the typical characteristic peak of the benzene ring is 1595cm -1 、1495cm -1 、1450cm -1 At which the vibration absorption peak of-P-O-Ar was 923cm -1 And 1184cm -1 . After the reaction by DOPO-HQ and TDI, the reaction product DRFR infrared spectrum is 3406cm -1 The absorption peak at 1739cm was clearly disappeared -1 An expansion vibration peak of ester bond appears at the position, which indicates that the phenolic hydroxyl is completely reacted; and at 2263cm -1 There appears a stretching vibration peak of isocyanate group (-n=c=o), indicating retention of isocyanate group at the terminal of DRFR.
The product of this example was DRFR 13 The C NMR spectrum is shown in FIG. 4, and the peak at 16.7ppm is assigned to-CH in the product structure 3 Peaks at 115.3ppm, 118.6ppm and 130.3ppm are chemical shifts of methyl meta-and ortho-positions on the benzene ring in the TDI structure, peaks at 121.2ppm, 122.1ppm, 125.0ppm, 126.9ppm, 136.1ppm and 151.3ppm are chemical shifts on the benzene ring in the DOPO structure, and peaks at 150.1ppm and 127.7ppm are chemical shifts of C atoms of the urethane group and isocyanate group, respectively.
The product of this example was DRFR 1 The H NMR spectrum is shown in FIG. 5, in which it can be seen that the peaks at 1.9ppm and 2.2ppm are the terminal TDI and the TDI-CH in the repeat mer 3 Since the TDI reactant has two structures of toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate and toluene-2, 6-diisocyanate, the peaks at 6.6ppm to 8.2ppm and the peaks at 9.2ppm to 10.2ppm are relatively heterogeneous, respectively the chemical shift of H atom on benzene ring in DOPO-HQ and the chemical shift of H atom in carbamate structure.
And combining the analysis results of the infrared spectrum, the carbon nuclear magnetic spectrum and the hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum, and confirming the chemical structure of the final synthesized product.
(III) Performance of the synthetic product DRFR flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane Material
(1) Preparation of sample strips
Drying the synthetic product DRFR and Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), uniformly mixing the synthetic product DRFR and Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) by a high-speed stirrer according to a certain mass ratio (the addition amount of the flame retardant DRFR is 22wt percent, 24wt percent and 26wt percent respectively), and then carrying out melt blending by a torque rheometer for 15min, wherein the heating temperature of each zone is 180 ℃, 180 ℃ and the rotating speed is 60r/min. After being uniformly mixed in the cavity, the materials are placed on a flat vulcanizing machine, hot-press molding is carried out at 180 ℃ and 10MPa, and then standard sample strips are cut for performance test.
(2) Characterization of TPU composite material water resistance, flame retardance and mechanical property
The thermoplastic polyurethane composites were characterized for flame retardant performance by Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) and vertical burn (UL-94) tests, the test results are shown in Table 1. Pure TPU, which is very flammable under atmospheric conditions, has an LOI value of only 19.0% and generates a large number of hot droplets during combustion, no rating in the UL-94 test. When the flame retardant DRFR was added in an amount of 26wt%, the LOI value of the TPU/DRFR composite increased to 27.6%, while the composite passed the UL-94V-0 rating in the vertical burn test. After 168 hours of water resistance test in a constant-temperature water bath at 80 ℃, the TPU/DRFR still maintains the original flame retardant property due to the chemical bond connection effect between the flame retardant and the polymer molecular chain, and the TPU/DRFR shows excellent water resistance and flame retardance. The mechanical property test of the TPU/DRFR composite material in Table 2 shows that compared with the mechanical property reduction of the TPU composite material caused by the introduction of the traditional phosphorus flame retardant, the introduction of the DRFR effectively improves the tensile property of the TPU, and has important significance for the application of the TPU composite material.
TABLE 1 oxygen index and vertical Combustion test data for flame retardant TPU
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of TPU/flame retardant System
Compared with the traditional phosphorus flame retardant, the synthetic DOPO-based reactive flame retardant DRFR can realize waterproof flame retardance of the TPU composite material, and mainly depends on the chemical structure and the composition of the composite material: 1) The P-C bond in the molecular structure is decomposed to generate P.and PO.during combustion, so that high-activity H.O.and HO.generated by the polymer during combustion can be captured, and the quenching effect is exerted in a gas phase; 2) P-O bond in DRFR molecular structure can produce phosphoric acid compound in combustion process, thus catalyzing carbonization of composite material, effectively playing a role of blocking in condensed phase, thus enabling the flame retardant to play a role of flame retardation synergy in gas phase and condensed phase simultaneously in material combustion process; 3) The DRFR and the TPU have similar structures, and can react with polymer molecular chains in the processing process due to the existence of the terminal isocyanate groups, so that the water resistance and flame retardance of the TPU are improved. Therefore, the flame retardant can be used for flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane and simultaneously, the TPU composite material can obtain excellent mechanical property and water resistance.
Claims (8)
1. The DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate groups is characterized by having the structural formula:
wherein n is more than or equal to 10 and less than 30.
2. A process for the preparation of DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing terminal isocyanate groups according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
step one: vacuumizing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, blowing high-purity nitrogen, adding DOPO-HQ and toluene diisocyanate into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene lining into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, putting the hydrothermal reaction kettle into a high-temperature drying oven, reacting for 1-3 hours at 130-170 ℃, then raising the temperature to 180-200 ℃, reacting for 1-3 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out a product in the reaction kettle, and crushing to obtain an intermediate;
step two: and (3) adding the intermediate obtained in the step (I) into an internal mixer, respectively reacting for 1-3 hours at 180-185 ℃, 190-195 ℃ and 200-205 ℃, and after the reaction is finished, crushing to obtain yellow solid powder, namely the flame retardant.
3. The process for producing a DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing a terminal isocyanate group according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of DOPO-HQ to toluene diisocyanate in the step one is 1 (1.05-1.1).
4. A process for preparing a DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing terminal isocyanate groups according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in step one, the reaction is carried out for 1 hour at 150 ℃ and then the temperature is raised to 180 ℃ and then for 1 hour.
5. The method for preparing a DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing a terminal isocyanate group according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the step one is repeated 3 to 5 times by blowing high-purity nitrogen gas after evacuating the polytetrafluoroethylene lining.
6. The method for preparing a DOPO-based reactive flame retardant containing a terminal isocyanate group according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the total volume of the reaction raw materials in the step one is less than 80% of the inner container volume of the polytetrafluoroethylene lining.
7. The DOPO group reactive flame retardant containing the terminal isocyanate group is applied to flame retardance of thermoplastic polyurethane.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that the DOPO-based reactive flame retardant is added in an amount of 22% to 26% by weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
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| CN117264484A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-12-22 | 国网四川电力送变电建设有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating with low surface energy, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117511244A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏大自然智能家居有限公司 | Fireproof composite wooden floor and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117264484A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-12-22 | 国网四川电力送变电建设有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating with low surface energy, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117511244A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏大自然智能家居有限公司 | Fireproof composite wooden floor and preparation method thereof |
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