CN116478207A - Preparation method of glufosinate-ammonium - Google Patents

Preparation method of glufosinate-ammonium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116478207A
CN116478207A CN202310389331.8A CN202310389331A CN116478207A CN 116478207 A CN116478207 A CN 116478207A CN 202310389331 A CN202310389331 A CN 202310389331A CN 116478207 A CN116478207 A CN 116478207A
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Prior art keywords
formula
compound
alkyl
cycloalkyl
glufosinate
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汤文杰
吴承骏
李南
唐显重
许开开
许健杰
毛春晖
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YONGNONG BIOSCIENCES CO Ltd
Ningxia Yongnong Biological Science Co ltd
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YONGNONG BIOSCIENCES CO Ltd
Ningxia Yongnong Biological Science Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310389331.8A priority Critical patent/CN116478207A/en
Publication of CN116478207A publication Critical patent/CN116478207A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2024/087288 priority patent/WO2024213059A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/30Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/301Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a preparation method of glufosinate. Specifically, it relates to a process for preparing glufosinate-ammonium represented by formula (I) or a salt, enantiomer or a mixture of enantiomers in any proportion thereof, which comprises reacting a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (III) and hydrolyzing the reaction product to obtain a compound of formula (I). According to the method, the substrate has higher reactivity, so that the construction condition of the P-C bond is milder, the reaction temperature is lower, racemization of the L-configuration at high temperature can be reduced, and the maintenance of the L-configuration during preparation of the L-glufosinate is improved.

Description

Preparation method of glufosinate-ammonium
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of pesticide herbicides, in particular to a preparation method of glufosinate-ammonium.
Background
Glufosinate has the chemical name 4- [ hydroxy (methyl) phosphono ] -DL-homoalanine, which was developed and produced by helson corporation, germany. The herbicide is a glutamine synthesis inhibitor and a nonselective contact herbicide, and has the action mechanism of inhibiting glutamine synthetase activity in plants, so that glutamine synthesis is blocked, nitrogen metabolism is disturbed, ammonium ions are accumulated, thereby interfering with metabolism of the plants and leading the plants to die.
The glufosinate-ammonium molecule contains a chiral carbon and has two different configurations, namely L-glufosinate-ammonium and D-glufosinate-ammonium, wherein only L-isomer has herbicidal activity and is easy to decompose in soil, the glufosinate-ammonium molecule has low toxicity to human beings and animals, the environmental pressure can be greatly reduced, and the activity and the control effect on resistant weeds are better than those of common glufosinate-ammonium.
With the remarkable problems of paraquat inhibition and glyphosate resistance, the global glufosinate resistance gene is further widely introduced into tens of crops such as rice, wheat, corn, beet, tobacco, soybean, cotton, potato, tomato, rape and sugarcane, and the like, so that the substitution process of glufosinate for the other two is accelerated by the factors. Although most of the glufosinate commercial products sold on the market at present are racemates thereof, with technical innovation and progress, the L-glufosinate enters the mainstream market to be impossible.
The existing method for preparing chiral pure L-glufosinate mainly comprises a chemical method and a biological method. Wherein the chemical method comprises a chemical resolution method and a chemical synthesis method.
The chemical resolution method is to resolve racemic D, L-glufosinate or derivatives thereof synthesized by an external chemical method through chiral resolution reagents, thereby preparing optically pure L-glufosinate. Patent specification publication No. WO1995023805A1 discloses a method for obtaining single [ L ] -or [ D ] -homoalanin-4-yl- (methyl) phosphonic acid and salts thereof by resolution of one of the diastereoisomeric salts by salifying with a chiral base such as quinine and cinchonine and the like. The method needs to use expensive chiral resolution reagent, has lower yield and has no obvious industrialization advantage.
The preparation of L-glufosinate by chemical synthesis can be further subdivided into: adopts an asymmetric synthesis method and a total synthesis method which takes L-amino acid obtained by natural or fermentation as a raw material. The latter has more direct and simple synthetic route and good ee value maintenance than other methods because it does not need to construct chiral centers of amino acid structures, and is getting more and more attention from related enterprises and research institutions at home and abroad.
The patent specification with publication number US5442088A discloses a method for obtaining L-glufosinate-ammonium hydrochloride by using L-homoserine lactone or derivatives thereof as raw materials, performing ring-opening chlorination, esterification, condensation with methyl phosphite diester, and finally hydrolyzing and refining.
The multistep reaction process unit is convenient to operate, but the activity of the chlorinated substrate of the Arbuzov reaction raw material is lower, the Arbuzov reaction can be performed at a higher temperature, meanwhile, the chlorinated alkane byproduct further reacts with methyl phosphite diester at a high temperature to increase the unit consumption, and in addition, the L-type ee value is reduced to a certain extent due to racemization of part of raw materials or products.
Patent specification publication No. CN113490671B discloses: amino protected or unprotected halogenated homoserine ester is taken as a raw material, condensed with methyl phosphonite monochloro ester to obtain an intermediate, and then hydrolyzed to obtain the L-glufosinate.
The method takes homoserine as a raw material, and synthesizes the homoserine through multi-step reactions such as cyclization, chlorination, esterification, protecting group protection and the like, and the reaction steps are long.
In recent years, along with the problems of paraquat inhibition and glyphosate resistance, the demand of glufosinate is continuously increased, so that the development of the glufosinate synthesis method which has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, higher yield, lower cost and simple operation has extremely important significance for herbicide use reduction and synergy.
Disclosure of Invention
For the sake of brevity, the "compound of formula (N) (e.g., compound of formula (II)" described hereinafter may also encompass any optical isomer, geometric isomer, tautomer or mixture of isomers, or agriculturally acceptable salt of the compound of formula (N).
The term "optical isomer" means that when a compound has one or more chiral centers, each chiral center may exist in either the R configuration or the S configuration, and thus the various isomers constituted are optical isomers. Optical isomers include all diastereoisomers, enantiomers, meso, racemates or mixtures thereof. For example, the optical isomers may be separated by chiral chromatography columns or by chiral synthesis.
The term "geometric isomer" means that when a double bond is present in a compound, the compound may exist as cis, trans, E and Z isomers. Geometric isomers include cis, trans, E, Z, or mixtures thereof.
The term "tautomer" refers to an isomer that results from the rapid movement of an atom in a molecule at two positions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that: tautomers can be transformed into each other, and in a certain state, an equilibrium state may be reached and coexist.
Unless otherwise indicated, references herein to "a compound of formula (N) (e.g., a compound of formula (II)", also encompass isotopically-labeled compounds wherein any one of the atoms in the compound is replaced by an isotopically-substituted atom thereof. That is, the present invention includes all agriculturally acceptable isotopically-labeled compounds of formula (N) wherein one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having the same atomic number but a different atomic mass or mass number than those typically found in nature.
Suitable for inclusion in the compounds of the inventionExamples of isotopes of (2) include isotopes of hydrogen, such as 2 H (D) and 3 isotopes of H (T), carbon, such as 11 C、 13 C and C 14 Isotopes of C, chlorine, such as 37 Isotopes of Cl, fluorine, such as 18 Isotopes of F, iodine, such as 123 I and 125 isotopes of I, nitrogen, such as 13 N and 15 isotopes of N, oxygen, such as 15 O、 17 O and 18 isotopes of O, and sulfur, such as 35 S。
Isotopically-labeled compounds of formula (N) can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by using an appropriate isotopically-labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent previously used in a manner analogous to those described in the examples and preparations attached herein.
The compounds of formula (N) may be present in the form of agriculturally acceptable salts, for example, acid addition salts and/or base addition salts of the compounds of formula (N). As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, "agriculturally acceptable salts" include acid addition salts or base addition salts that may occur within the compounds of formula (N).
Agriculturally acceptable salts of the compound of formula (N) include acid addition salts and base addition salts thereof. Suitable acid addition salts are formed from acids that form non-toxic salts. Examples include, but are not limited to: acetate, adipate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bicarbonate/carbonate, bisulfate/sulfate, borate, camphorsulfonate, citrate, cyclohexylamine sulfonate, ethanedisulfonate, formate, fumarate, glucoheptonate, gluconate, glucuronate, hexafluorophosphate, 2- (4-hydroxybenzyl) benzoate, hydrochloride/chloride, hydrobromide/bromide, hydroiodide/iodide, 2-isethionate, lactate, malate, maleate, malonate, methanesulfonate, methylsulfate, napthalate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, orotate, oxalate, palmitate, phosphate/hydrogen phosphate/dihydrogen phosphate, pyroglutamate, glucarate, stearate, salicylate, tannate, tartrate, tosylate and trifluoroacetate. Suitable base addition salts are formed from bases which form non-toxic salts. Examples include, but are not limited to: ammonium salts, aluminum, arginine, calcium, choline, diethylamine, diethanolamine, glycine, lysine, magnesium, meglumine, ethanolamine, potassium, sodium, lithium, tromethamine and zinc salts. Semi-salts of acids and bases, such as hemisulfate and hemicalcium salts, may also be formed. Methods for preparing agriculturally acceptable salts of the compounds described herein are known to those skilled in the art.
Certain compounds of the invention may exist in unsolvated forms as well as solvated forms, including hydrated forms. In general, the compounds of formula (N), whether in solvated form or unsolvated form, are encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
Certain compounds of the present invention may exist in different crystalline or amorphous forms, and, regardless of the form in which they exist, the compounds of formula (N) are included within the scope of the present invention.
To avoid ambiguity, definitions are given below for terms used herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms used herein have the following meanings.
As used herein, the term "substituted" means that one or more (preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3) hydrogen atoms in the group are independently replaced by a corresponding number of substituents.
As used herein, the term "independently" means that when the number of substituents exceeds one, the substituents may be the same or different.
As used herein, the term "optional" or "optionally" means that the event described may or may not occur. For example, a group "optionally substituted" means: the group may be unsubstituted or substituted.
As used herein, the term "heteroatom" represents oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), or S (O) m (wherein m may be 0, 1 or 2, i.e., sulfur atom S, or sulfoxide group SO, or sulfonyl group S (O) 2 )。
As used hereinThe term "alkyl" when used herein refers to saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, including straight and branched chains. In some embodiments, the alkyl group has, for example, 1 to 6 or 1 to 3 carbon atoms. For example, the term "C 1 -C 6 Alkyl "refers to a straight or branched chain radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The term "C 1 -C 6 Alkyl "includes the term" C "in its definition 1-6 Alkyl "," C 1 -C 3 Alkyl "and" C 1 -C 4 An alkyl group. Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, (R) -2-methylbutyl, (S) -2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2, 3-dimethylpropyl, 2, 3-dimethylbutyl, hexyl, and the like.
As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl "refers to cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 6 ring-forming carbon atoms. For example, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
As used herein, the term "n-membered heterocycloalkyl" refers to cycloalkyl having m ring-forming carbon atoms and (n-m) ring-forming heteroatoms selected from at least one of N, O and S. For example, ternary to hexacyclic heterocycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, oxetane, thietane, azetidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene, pyrrolidine, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrothiopyran, piperidine, morpholine, piperazine.
As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 10 Aryl "means aryl having an aromatic ring containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably phenyl.
As used herein, the term "n-membered heteroaryl" refers to a heteroaryl group having m carbon atoms forming an aromatic ring and (n-m) heteroatoms forming an aromatic ring, said heteroatoms being selected from at least one of N, O and S. For example, five to ten membered heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrazine, pyrazole, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, pyridine.
As used herein, the term "haloalkyl" means having oneAn alkyl group of one or more halogen substituents (up to perhaloalkyl, i.e., each hydrogen atom of the alkyl group is replaced with a halogen atom). For example, the term "C 1 -C 6 Haloalkyl "means C having one or more halo substituents 1 -C 6 An alkyl group (up to perhaloalkyl, i.e., each hydrogen atom of the alkyl group is replaced with a halogen atom). As another example, the term "C 1 Haloalkyl "refers to a methyl group having 1, 2 or 3 halogen substituents. Examples of haloalkyl groups include: CF (compact flash) 3 、C 2 F 5 、CHF 2 、CH 2 F、CH 2 CF 3 、CH 2 Cl, and the like.
In this context, a range of numbers relating to the number of substituents, the number of carbon atoms, and the number of ring atoms represents a list of all integers within the range, and the range is merely a simplified representation. For example: "1-4 substituents" means 1, 2,3 or 4 substituents; "3-8 carbon atoms" means 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms. Accordingly, a range of numbers relating to the number of substituents, the number of carbon atoms, the number of ring atoms also encompasses any one of its subranges, and each subrange is also considered disclosed herein.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a process for preparing glufosinate-ammonium represented by formula (I) or a salt, enantiomer or a mixture of enantiomers in any proportion thereof, comprising the steps of:
1) Reacting a compound of formula (II) or a salt, enantiomer or mixture of enantiomers thereof in any proportion with a compound of formula (III),
and
2) Hydrolyzing the reaction product of step 1) to obtain a compound of formula (I),
wherein,,
x is halogen;
y is-OR 3 or-N (R) 4 )(R 5 );
Z is hydrogen or an amino protecting group;
R 1 and R is 2 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 1 And R is 2 Together with the N atom to which it is attached, form a three-to six-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution;
R 3 and R is 6 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 7 And R is 8 Together with the N atom to which it is attached, form a three-to six-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 HaloalkanesRadical, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution;
R 4 and R is 5 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 4 And R is 5 Together with the N atom to which it is attached, form a three-to six-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution; and is also provided with
* For identifying chiral carbon atoms.
As used herein, "amino protecting group" refers to a protecting group that is applied to an amino group prior to reaction when the multifunctional organic compound is reacted in order to avoid the amino group from being affected by the reaction only at the desired group, and may be selected from a variety of amino protecting groups known in the art, and it is within the ability of one skilled in the art to adjust and select according to actual needs. In one embodiment of the present invention, the amino protecting group may be selected from one or more of the following: -C (O) R 7 、-C(O)OR 8 、-CH 2 R 9 and-SO 2 R 10 Wherein R is 7 、R 8 、R 9 And R is 10 Each independently selected from C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five to ten membered heteroaryl. Preferably, the amino protecting group may be ethoxycarbonyl.
According to the invention, the compounds of formula (I) may exist in the form of a single enantiomer, for example, in one embodiment of the invention, the compounds of formula (I) may be pure L-glufosinate or D-glufosinate. In addition, the compounds of formula (I) may also be present in the form of mixtures of enantiomers, and the enantiomers may each be present in any proportion in the mixtures of enantiomers, for example, in one embodiment of the invention, mixtures of enantiomers of formula (I) in any proportion comprise 0.1:99.9 to 99.9:0.1L-glufosinate and D-glufosinate. However, since only L-glufosinate is active, the L-enantiomer of the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention may also preferably be present in greater proportions in enantiomeric mixtures, e.g., in one embodiment, mixtures of enantiomers of compounds of formula (I) in any ratio comprise 50:50 to 99.9:0.1 (e.g., 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, 95:5 or 99:1, etc.) of L-glufosinate and D-glufosinate.
As a preferred embodiment of the compound of formula (II) and of the amino protecting group, R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 And R is 10 Can each be independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl, preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl. Additionally, in a preferred embodiment, as used herein, halogen may be selected from fluorine, chlorine or bromine; c (C) 1 -C 6 The alkyl group may be selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl; c (C) 2 -C 6 Alkenyl groups may be selected from ethenyl, propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl or isobutenyl; c (C) 2 -C 6 Alkynyl groups may be selected from ethynyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl or 2-butynyl; c (C) 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl groups may be selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl; the ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl group may be selected from at least one of N, O and SCyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl on a heteroatom; c (C) 6 -C 10 Aryl may be selected from phenyl or naphthyl; and/or five to ten membered heteroaryl groups may be selected from pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl, thiazolyl or pyridyl.
As an alternative to the compounds of formula (II), R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 And R is 6 Or may be each independently selected from-Si (R) 14 )(R 15 )(R 16 ) Wherein R is 14 、R 15 And R is 16 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five to ten membered heteroaryl, wherein the C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution.
Further, the preparation method of the first aspect of the present invention may further comprise a step of preparing the compound of formula (III). In one embodiment of the present invention, the compound of formula (III) may be prepared from a compound comprising formula (IV) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A compound of formula (V) and a compound of formula (VII); compounds of formula (VI), formula (VII) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Or a compound of formula (VI), a compound of formula (VII) and a compound of formula (VIII),
wherein R is 1 、R 2 、R 6 And X is as previously defined.
In the step of preparing the compound of formula (III) as described above, the compound of formula (IV-VIII) used may be added as an initial reactant to the reaction system or may be further obtained by in situ reaction of other compounds. For example, the compound of formula (IV) may be obtained from the in situ reaction of a compound of formula (VI) with a compound of formula (VII); alternatively, the compound of formula (V) may be obtained by in situ reaction of a compound of formula (VI) with a compound of formula (VIII). Further, in the above-described various steps for producing the compound of formula (III), the order of addition of the respective raw materials is not limited at all, i.e., the respective raw materials may be added to the reaction system in any order.
According to the present invention, the step of preparing the compound of formula (III) as described above may preferably be performed in the presence of an acid-binding agent. In particular, the acid binding agent may be selected from NR 11 R 12 R 13 Wherein R is 11 、R 12 And R is 13 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 11 、R 12 And R is 13 Any two of which together with the N atom to which they are attached form a ternary to hexa-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution. It is notable that, since the compounds of the formula (VII) correspond to the abovementioned formula of the acid-binding agent, i.e.also to the requirements as acid-binding agent, in the case where the compounds of the formula (VII) have already been added to the reaction system, an excess amount can preferably be addedThe compounds of formula (VII) act as acid-binding agents present in the reaction. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid-binding agent may be selected from at least one of the compounds of formula (VII), ammonia, triethylamine, morpholine and piperidine in excess. In addition, the amounts of the respective reactants used in the reaction and the reaction conditions may be adjusted according to the actual needs and the knowledge of those skilled in the art. In one embodiment of the invention, the molar ratio of the composition to the acid-binding agent may be 1:0.01-5, preferably 1:0.1-1.5.
Further, step 1) may be performed in the absence of a solvent or an organic solvent. In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic solvent is selected from an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (e.g., benzene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, isopropylbenzene, diisopropylbenzene, halogenated benzene or dihalobenzene), an alkane solvent (e.g., N-hexane, cyclohexane, N-heptane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane), a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent (e.g., dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform or carbon tetrachloride), an ether solvent (e.g., tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methylcyclopentyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dioxane or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), an ester solvent (e.g., ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate or butyl acetate), an amide solvent (e.g., N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, N-methylpyrrolidone or 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone) or a sulfur-containing solvent (e.g., dimethylsulfoxide or sulfolane), preferably, the organic solvent is selected from at least one of toluene and chlorobenzene. In another embodiment of the invention, the reaction of step 1) may be carried out at a temperature of-10-130 ℃ (e.g., -5 ℃,0 ℃, 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 40 ℃, 60 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 120 ℃, etc.) for 1-25 hours (e.g., 2h, 4h, 6h, 12h, 18h, 24h, etc.).
In addition, for step 2), the hydrolysis may be carried out directly under neutral conditions, i.e. the hydrolysis reaction may be carried out directly in the presence of water. In addition, the hydrolysis may also preferably be carried out in the presence of an acid or a base. More specifically, the acid may be selected from at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid, and acetic acid, preferably hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid; the base may be selected from alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates or hydroxycarbonates, ammonia, organic bases, organic amines, preferably sodium hydroxide or triethylamine. In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrolysis may be performed at a temperature of, for example, 30 to 140 ℃ (e.g., 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, etc.), preferably 60 to 110 ℃.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a composition comprising a compound of formula (IV) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A compound of formula (V) and a compound of formula (VII); compounds of formula (VI), formula (VII) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Or a compound of formula (VI), a compound of formula (VII) and a compound of formula (VIII),
wherein R is 1 、R 2 、R 6 And X is as previously defined.
In a third aspect, the present application provides the use of the composition of the second aspect for the preparation of glufosinate-ammonium represented by formula (I) or a salt, enantiomer or mixture of enantiomers in any proportion thereof
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the definitions and preferences described in one aspect of the present application apply equally to other aspects. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the various aspects of the present application may be combined in various ways without departing from the subject matter and concepts of the application, and such combinations are also included within the scope of the application.
According to research, compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the substrate has higher reactivity, so that the construction condition of the P-C bond is milder, the reaction temperature can be reduced by 30-70 ℃ compared with the former, and racemization of the L-configuration at high temperature can be reduced when the L-glufosinate is prepared, thereby improving the purity of the L-configuration of the product; and
2. the raw materials can be prepared and used in situ, and the synthesis and rectification purification procedures of methyl phosphodiester are omitted. Meanwhile, the preparation of the raw materials is simple and convenient, the parameter selection space is large and the fault tolerance rate is high when the phosphorus dichloride and the amine are selected to react.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples; but these examples do not limit the scope of the invention. All reactants used in each example were obtained commercially unless otherwise stated; the instruments and equipment used in the synthesis experiments and the product analysis and detection are all conventional instruments and equipment commonly used in organic synthesis.
Example 1: synthesis of L-glufosinate hydrochloride (I-1)
1) Synthesis of Compound (III-1)
Diethylamine (72.70 g,0.994mol,2.0 eq.) was added to 406.7g of toluene, cooled to-5 to 5 ℃ under nitrogen protection, methyl phosphorus dichloride (58.1 g,0.497mol,1.0 eq.) was started to be added dropwise while maintaining the system temperature at-5 to 5 ℃, and after the addition, an absolute ethanol solution (62.21 g) of diethylamine (38.17 g,0.522mol,1.05 eq.) was continuously added dropwise, the reaction was continued for 0.5 hours with heat preservation to give compound (III-1), and the salt was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was directly used for the next reaction.
m/z(ESI)164.13([M+1] + ,100%); 31 P NMR(33MHz)δ:135.25ppm。
2) Synthesis of Compound (I-1)
Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound (II-1) (112.21 g, 0.470 mol,0.95 eq.) is added into the filtrate of the compound (III-1), and the temperature is slowly raised to 85-90 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours under heat preservation.
Adding 435.8g of 30% hydrochloric acid into the feed liquid, standing for layering, heating the water phase to 90-95 ℃ for reflux reaction. After the reaction is finished, the solution is distilled and desolventized under reduced pressure until the solution is dried, 435.8g of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is heated and refluxed, cooled and crystallized, and the white solid is obtained after suction filtration and drying, namely 84.4g of the target product (I-1), the yield is 80.5%, the content is 98.0%, and the ee value is 97.0%.
m/z(ESI)182.07([M+1] + ,100%);
31 P NMR(243MHz,D 2 O)δ:53.67;
1 H NMR(600MHz,D 2 O)δ:4.10(t,J=6.1Hz,1H),2.25-2.05(m,2H),1.99-1.75(m,2H),1.47(d,J=14.1Hz,3H);
13 C NMR(151MHz,D 2 O)δ:171.29,52.96(d,J=16.6Hz),25.25(d,J=93.0Hz),22.72(d,J=2.6Hz),13.61(d,J=92.5Hz)。
Example 2: synthesis of L-glufosinate hydrochloride (I-1)
1) Synthesis of Compound (III-2)
Aniline (88.90 g,0.95 mol,2.0 eq.) is added to 390.6g toluene, cooled to-5 ℃ under nitrogen protection, methyl phosphorus dichloride (55.8 g,0.477mol,1.0 eq.) is added dropwise while maintaining the system temperature at-5 ℃, aniline (46.67 g,0.501mol,1.05 eq.) is continuously added dropwise after the dropwise addition of absolute ethanol solution (69.76 g), the reaction is continued for 0.5 hours under heat preservation to obtain compound (III-2), salt is removed by filtration, and the filtrate is directly used for the next reaction.
m/z(ESI)184.10([M+1] + ,100%); 31 P NMR(33MHz)δ:112.50ppm。
2) Synthesis of Compound (I-1)
Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound (II-2) (77.47 g, 0.4638 mol,0.98 eq.) is added into the filtrate of the compound (III-2), and the temperature is slowly raised to 85-90 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours under heat preservation.
Adding 418.5g of 30% hydrochloric acid into the feed liquid, standing for layering, heating the water phase to 90-95 ℃ for reflux reaction. After the reaction is finished, the mixture is distilled under reduced pressure, desolventized and dried, 418.5g of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is heated, refluxed, cooled, crystallized, filtered and dried to obtain a white solid, namely 79.1g of the target product (I-1), the yield is 75.5%, the content is 97.1%, and the ee value is 96.6%.
Example 3: synthesis of L-glufosinate hydrochloride (I-1)
1) Synthesis of Compound (III-3)
N-methylaniline (103.58 g,0.967mol,2.0 eq.) is added into 395.5g toluene, cooled to-5 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, methyl phosphorus dichloride (56.5 g,0.483mol,1.0 eq.) is added dropwise while maintaining the system temperature at-5 ℃, after that, an absolute ethanol solution (77.76 g) of N-methylaniline (54.38 g,0.507mol,1.05 eq.) is continuously added dropwise, the reaction is kept for 0.5 hours, the compound (III-3) is obtained, and the salt is removed by filtration, and the filtrate is directly used for the next reaction.
m/z(ESI)198.13([M+1] + ,100%); 31 P NMR(33MHz)δ:133.28ppm。
2) Synthesis of Compound (I-1)
Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound (II-2) (76.04 g,0.459mol,0.95 eq.) is added into the filtrate of the compound (III-3), and the temperature is slowly raised to 85-90 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours.
Adding 423.8g of 30% hydrochloric acid into the feed liquid, standing for layering, heating the water phase to 90-95 ℃ for reflux reaction. After the reaction is finished, the mixture is distilled under reduced pressure, desolventized and dried, 423.8g of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is heated, refluxed, cooled, crystallized, filtered and dried to obtain white solid, namely 87.1g of the target product (I-1), the yield is 85.5%, the content is 98.1%, and the ee value is 97.2%.
Example 4: synthesis of L-glufosinate hydrochloride (I-1)
1) Synthesis of Compound (III-3)
N-methylaniline (104.86 g,0.979mol,2.0 eq.) is added into 400.4g toluene, cooled to-5 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, methyl phosphorus dichloride (57.2 g, 0.4819 mol,1.0 eq.) is added dropwise while maintaining the system temperature at-5 ℃, after the dropwise addition, an absolute ethanol solution (78.19 g) of N-methylaniline (54.53 g,0.509mol,1.04 eq.) is continuously added dropwise, the reaction is kept for 0.5 hour, the compound (III-3) is obtained, and the salt is removed by filtration, and the filtrate is directly used for the next reaction.
2) Synthesis of Compound (I-1)
Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound (1I-3) (93.93 g, 0.460 mol,0.95 eq.) is added into the filtrate of the compound (III-3), and the temperature is slowly raised to 85-90 ℃ for heat preservation reaction for 12h.
Adding 429.0g of 30% hydrochloric acid into the feed liquid, standing for layering, heating the water phase to 90-95 ℃ for reflux reaction. After the reaction is finished, the solution is decompressed, distilled and desolventized to dryness, 429.0g of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is heated, refluxed, cooled, crystallized, filtered and dried to obtain a white solid, namely 91.3g of the target product (I-1), the yield is 88.5%, the content is 98.0%, and the ee value is 97.1%.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A process for preparing glufosinate-ammonium represented by formula (I) or a salt, enantiomer or a mixture of enantiomers in any proportion thereof, comprising the steps of:
1) Reacting a compound of formula (II) or a salt, enantiomer or mixture of enantiomers thereof in any proportion with a compound of formula (III),
and
2) Hydrolyzing the reaction product of step 1) to obtain a compound of formula (I),
wherein,,
x is halogen;
y is-OR 3 or-N (R) 4 )(R 5 );
Z is hydrogen or an amino protecting group;
R 1 and R is 2 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl、C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 1 And R is 2 Together with the N atom to which it is attached, form a three-to six-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution;
R 3 and R is 6 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five to ten membered heteroaryl, wherein the C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution;
R 4 and R is 5 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 4 And R is 5 Together with the N atom to which it is attached, form a three-to six-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution; and is also provided with
* For identifying chiral carbon atoms.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amino protecting group is selected from one or more of the following: -C (O) R 7 、-C(O)OR 8 、-CH 2 R 9 and-SO 2 R 10 Wherein R is 7 、R 8 、R 9 And R is 10 Each independently selected from C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five to ten membered heteroaryl, preferably ethoxycarbonyl.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the enantiomer of glufosinate is L-glufosinate or D-glufosinate, and/or the mixture of any ratio of enantiomers of glufosinate comprises 0.1:99.9 to 99.9: 0.1L-glufosinate and D-glufosinate, preferably 50:50 to 99.9: 0.1L-glufosinate and D-glufosinate.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
halogen is selected from fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
C 1 -C 6 alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl;
C 2 -C 6 alkenyl is selected from ethenyl, propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl or isobutenyl;
C 2 -C 6 alkynyl is selected from ethynyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl or 2-butynyl;
C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl;
the three-to six-membered heterocycloalkyl is selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl containing at least one heteroatom in N, O and S;
C 6 -C 10 aryl is selected from phenyl or naphthyl; and/or
The five-membered to ten-membered heteroaryl is selected from pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, furyl, thienyl, thiazolyl or pyridyl.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 、R 5 、R 6 、R 7 、R 8 、R 9 And R is 10 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl, preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (III) is prepared from a composition comprising: compounds of formula (IV) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A compound of formula (V) and a compound of formula (VII); compounds of formula (VI), formula (VII) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Or a compound of formula (VI), a compound of formula (VII) and a compound of formula (VIII),
wherein R is 1 、R 2 、R 6 And X is as defined in claim 1.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an acid-binding agent, preferably selected from NR 11 R 12 R 13 Wherein R is 11 、R 12 And R is 13 Each independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl, or R 11 、R 12 And R is 13 Any two of which together with the N atom to which they are attached form a ternary to hexa-membered heterocycloalkyl, wherein said C 1 -C 6 Alkyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 Alkynyl, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl, ternary to six membered heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 Aryl or five-to ten-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with halogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, cyano, amino, nitro, C 1 -C 3 Alkyl, C 1 -C 3 Haloalkyl, C 1 -C 3 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 6 Cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl substitution; and/or the molar ratio of the composition to the acid-binding agent is 1:0.01-5, preferably 1:0.1-1.5.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein for step 1), the reaction is carried out in the absence of a solvent or an organic solvent, preferably the organic solvent is selected from at least one of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, an alkane solvent, a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, an ether solvent, an ester solvent, an amide solvent and a sulfur-containing solvent, preferably at least one of toluene and chlorobenzene; more preferably, the reaction is carried out at a temperature of-10 to 130 ℃, preferably 30 to 95 ℃ for 1 to 25 hours; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
for step 2), the hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of an acid or base, preferably at least one acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid and acetic acid, preferably hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid; and/or the base is selected from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates or hydroxycarbonates, ammonia, organic bases or organic amines, preferably sodium hydroxide or triethylamine; more preferably, the hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 30-140 ℃, preferably 60-110 ℃ for 0.5-36 hours.
9. A composition comprising: compounds of formula (IV) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A compound of formula (V) and a compound of formula (VII); compounds of formula (VI), formula (VII) and HOR 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Or a compound of formula (VI), a compound of formula (VII) and a compound of formula (VIII),
wherein R is 1 、R 2 、R 6 And X is as defined in claim 1.
10. Use of the composition according to claim 9 for preparing glufosinate-ammonium represented by formula (I) or its salts, enantiomers or mixtures of enantiomers in any ratio
Wherein R is 1 、R 2 、R 6 X and X are as defined in claim 1.
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