CN116477815B - Domestic sewage treatment method - Google Patents
Domestic sewage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116477815B CN116477815B CN202310745835.9A CN202310745835A CN116477815B CN 116477815 B CN116477815 B CN 116477815B CN 202310745835 A CN202310745835 A CN 202310745835A CN 116477815 B CN116477815 B CN 116477815B
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- water
- stirring
- quartz sand
- domestic sewage
- deionized water
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940101006 anhydrous sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RZFBEFUNINJXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium ethyl xanthate Chemical compound [Na+].CCOC([S-])=S RZFBEFUNINJXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021649 silver-doped titanium dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/38—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method of domestic sewage, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprises the following steps: anaerobic fermentation is carried out on black water to generate biogas, biogas residue and waste liquid, pretreated gray water and waste liquid are injected into a sedimentation tank, firstly, composite flocculant is added into the sedimentation tank, quartz sand components are added after stirring, and supernatant fluid is filtered by a sand filter to obtain first-stage treated waste water; the invention aims at treating black water in domestic sewage to produce marsh gas and marsh slag for people to produce life, flocculating and settling by composite flocculant and quartz sand component to remove macromolecular pollutant in water, and finally treating by the integrated device to obtain water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a domestic sewage treatment method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of social economy and urban treatment, on one hand, water consumption is continuously increased, water resources are increasingly scarce, on the other hand, domestic sewage discharge is increasingly increased, environmental pollution is serious, especially rural domestic sewage is not properly treated, and at present, the treatment mode of rural domestic sewage is generally carried out in a mode of mixing and collecting to a sewage treatment plant (station) for treatment, however, the treatment mode has the following problems: (1) Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of sewage other than toilet sewage in rural domestic sewage 5 ) Low, difficult to carry out biochemical treatment, resulting in high treatment cost and low efficiency; (2) The toilet sewage in rural domestic sewage consists of excrement and urine, contains a plurality of organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus elements, adopts a biological treatment technology, and most of organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts in the sewage are assimilated and absorbed by water treatment microorganisms, and the microorganisms are converted into sludge into solid wastewater after death, so that the waste of the nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts is caused; for the above reasons, it is necessary to provide a new domestic sewage treatment method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment method of domestic sewage, which solves the problems that the existing domestic sewage treatment effect is poor and the recycling utilization cannot be realized.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a domestic sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, regulating the pH value of black water to 6.5-7.5, then injecting the black water into a methane tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate methane, biogas residue and waste liquid, using the methane as combustible gas energy, using the biogas residue as fertilizer, and collecting the waste liquid to obtain black water waste liquid;
filtering the grey water through a grid to remove household garbage, obtaining pretreated grey water, injecting pretreated grey water and black water waste liquid into a sedimentation tank, firstly adding a composite flocculant into the sedimentation tank, stirring for 1min at the rotating speed of 100-150r/min, adding quartz sand components, continuously stirring for 10-20min, settling for 30-60min, filtering supernatant with a quartz sand filter with the particle size of 0.3mm and the particle size of 10cm, obtaining primary treated wastewater, drying the sediment, and carrying out outward;
thirdly, transporting the first-stage treatment wastewater to a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device, adding a composite photocatalyst into the device to react for 2-2.5 hours, then adjusting the pH value to 9.5-10, and finally performing anaerobic and aerobic treatment under the condition of illumination to remove nitrite and ammonia nitrogen in the first-stage treatment wastewater so as to obtain the dischargeable water.
Further, anaerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the dissolved oxygen is controlled at 0.2-0.5mg/L, the temperature is 35-45 ℃ and the time is 5-8 days.
Further, the dosage of the composite flocculant is 40-50mg/L, and the dosage of the quartz sand component is 10-20mg/L.
Further, the quartz sand component is prepared by the following steps:
adding acrylamide, modified quartz sand, methylene bisacrylamide and deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30min under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 60 ℃, adding potassium persulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfite, stirring for reaction for 6-8h, cooling, filtering, washing a filter cake with deionized water, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain quartz sand components, wherein the dosage ratio of the acrylamide, the modified quartz sand, the methylene bisacrylamide, the deionized water, the potassium persulfate and the anhydrous sodium sulfite is 2g:3-5g:0.1-0.5g:40-60mL:0.075g: and 0.075g, and preparing quartz sand grafted polyacrylamide, namely a quartz sand component, by taking modified quartz sand as a main material through a polymerization reaction.
Further, the modified quartz sand is prepared by the following steps:
soaking quartz sand in a nitric acid solution for 24 hours, washing and drying to obtain pretreated quartz sand, mixing a silane coupling agent KH-570, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, stirring at 25 ℃ for 40 minutes to obtain a treatment liquid, placing the pretreated quartz sand in a mixer, dropwise adding the treatment liquid while stirring at 50-60 ℃, after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat, stirring for 1-2 hours, and drying at 110 ℃ to obtain modified quartz sand; the dosage of the silane coupling agent KH-570 is 1.5-3% of the mass of the pretreated quartz sand, and the volume ratio of the silane coupling agent KH-570, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water is 15:65-75:10-20, wherein the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 1mol/L, the particle size of the quartz sand is 65-95 microns, impurities in the quartz sand are pretreated by the nitric acid solution, and then unsaturated double bonds are introduced into the surface of the pretreated quartz sand, so that the modified quartz sand with reactivity is obtained, and a foundation is laid for subsequent chemical grafting.
Further, the dosage of the composite photocatalyst is 1-2% of the weight of the primary treatment wastewater.
Further, the composite photocatalyst is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, deionized water, nitric acid and silver nitrate solution into a flask, stirring at 25 ℃ for 5min, adding active carbon, stirring for 10-20min, dropwise adding butyl titanate ethanol solution, stirring for 2h after the dropwise adding is finished, standing for 12h, drying in a baking oven at 80 ℃, and calcining at 500 ℃ for 2h in a tubular furnace to obtain a photocatalytic substrate;
s2, mixing a silane coupling agent KH-560, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, adding formic acid to adjust the pH to 3-4, adding a photocatalytic matrix, stirring at 50-60 ℃ for reaction for 3-4 hours, filtering after the reaction is finished, and washing and drying a filter cake to obtain an intermediate product;
s3, mixing deionized water, 1, 4-dioxane and hyperbranched polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10-20min at 85 ℃, adding an intermediate product, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 25-30h, filtering after the reaction is finished, and washing and drying a filter cake to obtain the composite photocatalyst.
In order to solve the problems of low catalytic efficiency and difficult recovery of the existing photocatalyst, the invention takes active carbon as a carrier to prepare a silver-doped titanium dioxide photocatalytic substrate, then utilizes a coupling agent KH-560 to introduce epoxy groups on the surface of the photocatalytic substrate, and utilizes ring-opening reaction between the epoxy groups and amino groups to introduce hyperbranched polyethyleneimine to obtain the composite photocatalyst.
Further, in the step S1, the dosage ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol, deionized water, nitric acid, silver nitrate solution, active carbon and butyl titanate ethanol solution is 6-6.5mL:6-6.5mL:1.2-1.5mL:0.2mL:0.1g:40mL, the mass fraction of the silver nitrate solution is 1%, and the volume ratio of tetrabutyl titanate to absolute ethyl alcohol in the butyl titanate ethanol solution is 1:3, the mass fraction of nitric acid is 65%.
Further, in the step S2, the dosage ratio of the silane coupling agent KH-560, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the deionized water and the photocatalytic matrix is 1-2g:30-40mL:10-20mL:8-10g.
Further, in the step S3, the dosage ratio of deionized water, 1, 4-dioxane, hyperbranched polyethyleneimine and intermediate product is 14mL:17-20mL:3-4g:1-2g.
Further, the black water is toilet sewage collected through a pipeline.
Further, grey water is a domestic miscellaneous drain collected through a pipeline.
Further, pH adjusting agents for adjusting pH include, but are not limited to, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
Further, the composite flocculant is prepared from cationic polyacrylamide, polymeric ferric sulfate and sodium polyethyleneimine xanthate according to the mass ratio of 1:2-3: 1-2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a treatment method of domestic sewage, which is characterized in that black water in the domestic sewage is treated pertinently from the source, biogas residue and waste liquid are produced through anaerobic fermentation, wherein the biogas and the biogas residue can be used for life and production of people, the waste liquid and pretreated gray water are injected into a sedimentation tank together, and flocculating sedimentation is carried out through a composite flocculant and quartz sand components to remove pollutants such as macromolecules in the water body, and finally the pollutants are treated by utilizing a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device, so that the discharged water is obtained.
2. In the domestic sewage treatment method, the rapid sedimentation of pollutants in a sedimentation tank water body is realized through the cooperation of the composite flocculant and the quartz sand component, on one hand, the pollutants in the water body can form flocs through the actions of electric neutralization, high polymer chain adsorption bridging and the like, on the other hand, the quartz sand component can serve as crystal nuclei of the flocs through the cooperation of the quartz sand component, namely, the heterogeneous nucleation principle is utilized, the number of kernels of flocculation reaction is increased to induce the formation of more flocs, and on the other hand, the quartz sand component has lower charge density and larger surface area, and can adsorb the pollutants and the flocs through the sedimentation net capturing action, so that the flocs are flocculated and grow to form the flocs with compact structure, and the sedimentation of the flocs is accelerated.
3. According to the domestic sewage treatment method, the composite photocatalyst is loaded in the photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device to realize comprehensive treatment of the primary treatment wastewater, wherein the photocatalysis component of the composite photocatalyst is silver-doped titanium dioxide, silver nano particles can effectively capture valence electrons, reduce recombination of electron holes and improve the catalysis effect of the titanium dioxide, the photocatalysis component is loaded on the surface of active carbon, the active carbon is used as a carrier material to overcome the problem that nano materials are easy to lose and difficult to recycle, and on the other hand, the properties of the active carbon are combined, and pollutants in the wastewater are removed through physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, oxidation, catalytic oxidation, reduction and other performances, in addition, hyperbranched polyethyleneimine on the surface of the composite photocatalyst contains rich amino groups, the pollutants can be enriched through hydrogen bond and chelation, the photocatalysis efficiency is improved, organic pollutants can be encapsulated in the inner holes of the active carbon, and the purification effect is further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a quartz sand component, which is prepared by the following steps:
adding 2kg of acrylamide, 3kg of modified quartz sand, 0.1kg of methylene bisacrylamide and 40L of deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30min under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 60 ℃, adding 75g of potassium persulfate and 75g of anhydrous sodium sulfite, stirring for reaction for 6h, cooling, filtering, washing a filter cake with deionized water, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain a quartz sand component.
The modified quartz sand is prepared by the following steps:
10kg of quartz sand (particle size of 65-95 μm) is soaked in 100L of nitric acid solution with concentration of 1mol/L for 24 hours, then washed until washing liquid is neutral, dried at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated quartz sand, 0.15kg of silane coupling agent KH-570, 0.65L of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.1L of deionized water are mixed, stirring is carried out for 40 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain treatment liquid, the pretreated quartz sand is placed in a mixer, the treatment liquid is dropwise added under 50 ℃ while stirring, and after the dropwise addition, the mixture is heated and stirred for 1 hour and dried at 110 ℃ to obtain the modified quartz sand.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a quartz sand component, which is prepared by the following steps:
adding 2kg of acrylamide, 5kg of modified quartz sand, 0.5kg of methylene bisacrylamide and 60L of deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30min under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 60 ℃, adding 75g of potassium persulfate and 75g of anhydrous sodium sulfite, stirring for reaction for 8h, cooling, filtering, washing a filter cake with deionized water, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain a quartz sand component.
The modified quartz sand is prepared by the following steps:
10kg of quartz sand (particle size of 65-95 μm) is soaked in 100L of nitric acid solution with concentration of 1mol/L for 24 hours, then washed until washing liquid is neutral, dried at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated quartz sand, 0.3kg of silane coupling agent KH-570, 1.5L of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.4L of deionized water are mixed, stirring is carried out for 40 minutes at 25 ℃ to obtain treatment liquid, the pretreated quartz sand is placed in a mixer, the treatment liquid is dropwise added under 60 ℃ while stirring, and after the dropwise addition, the mixture is subjected to heat preservation and stirring for 2 hours, and dried at 110 ℃ to obtain the modified quartz sand.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a composite photocatalyst, which is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding 6mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 6mL of deionized water, 1.2mL of nitric acid (65 wt%) and 0.2mL of silver nitrate solution into a flask, stirring at 25 ℃ for 5min, adding 0.1g of activated carbon, stirring for 10min, dropwise adding a solution consisting of 10mL of butyl titanate and 30mL of absolute ethyl alcohol at the speed of 2mL/min, stirring for 2h after the dropwise addition, standing for 12h, drying in an oven at 80 ℃ and calcining at 500 ℃ for 2h in a tubular furnace to obtain a photocatalytic substrate, and the activated carbon: coconut shell activated carbon with the particle size of 200-300 meshes and Li-yang Nanshan activated carbon Co., ltd;
s2, mixing 1g of silane coupling agent KH-560, 30mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 10mL of deionized water, adding formic acid to adjust the pH to 3, adding 8g of photocatalytic matrix, stirring at 50 ℃ for reaction for 3 hours, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing and drying a filter cake to obtain an intermediate product;
s3, mixing 14mL of deionized water, 17mL of 1, 4-dioxane and 3g of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10min at 85 ℃, adding 1g of intermediate product, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 25h, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing and drying a filter cake, and obtaining the composite photocatalyst, wherein the number average molecular weight of the hyperbranched polyethyleneimine is 8000.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a composite photocatalyst, which is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding 6.5mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, 6.5mL of deionized water, 1.5mL of nitric acid (65 wt%) and 0.2mL of silver nitrate solution into a flask, stirring at 25 ℃ for 5min, adding 0.1g of activated carbon, stirring for 20min, dropwise adding a solution consisting of 10mL of butyl titanate and 30mL of absolute ethyl alcohol at the speed of 2mL/min, stirring for 2h after the dropwise addition, standing for 12h, drying in a baking oven at 80 ℃ and calcining for 2h at 500 ℃ in a tubular furnace to obtain a photocatalytic substrate, wherein the photocatalytic substrate is prepared by the following steps: coconut shell activated carbon with the particle size of 200-300 meshes and Li-yang Nanshan activated carbon Co., ltd;
s2, mixing 2g of silane coupling agent KH-560, 40mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 20mL of deionized water, adding formic acid to adjust the pH to 4, adding 10g of photocatalytic matrix, stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing and drying a filter cake to obtain an intermediate product;
s3, mixing 14mL of deionized water, 20mL of 1, 4-dioxane and 4g of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine, stirring for 20min at 85 ℃, adding 2g of intermediate product, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30h, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing and drying a filter cake, and obtaining the composite photocatalyst, wherein the number average molecular weight of the hyperbranched polyethyleneimine is 8000.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a composite photocatalyst, which is the photocatalytic substrate obtained in step S1 in example 3.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a composite photocatalyst, which is the photocatalytic substrate obtained in step S2 in example 3.
Example 5
A domestic sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, regulating the pH of black water to 6.5, then injecting the black water into a methane tank for anaerobic fermentation, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 0.2mg/L, controlling the temperature at 35 ℃ for 8 days, generating methane, methane slag and waste liquid, using the methane as combustible gas energy, using the methane slag as fertilizer, and collecting the waste liquid to obtain black water waste liquid;
secondly, filtering the grey water through a grid to remove household garbage, obtaining pretreated grey water, injecting pretreated grey water and black water waste liquid into a sedimentation tank, firstly adding a composite flocculant into the sedimentation tank, stirring for 1min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, adding the quartz sand component of the example 1, continuously stirring for 10min, settling for 60min, drying the sediment, and carrying out outward, filtering the supernatant by using a quartz sand filter with the particle size of 0.3mm and the thickness of 10cm, thereby obtaining first-stage treatment wastewater, wherein the dosage of the composite flocculant is 40mg/L, and the dosage of the quartz sand component is 10mg/L;
and thirdly, transporting the first-stage treated wastewater to a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device, adding the compound photocatalyst of the embodiment 3 into the device, reacting for 2 hours with the amount of the compound photocatalyst being 1% of the weight of the first-stage treated wastewater, adjusting the pH value to be 9.5, and finally performing anaerobic and aerobic treatment under the condition of illumination to remove nitrite and ammonia nitrogen in the first-stage treated wastewater so as to obtain the dischargeable water.
Wherein, black water is toilet sewage collected by a pipeline, grey water is domestic miscellaneous drainage collected by a pipeline, a pH regulator for regulating the pH value is sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, and the composite flocculant is prepared from cationic polyacrylamide, polymeric ferric sulfate and polyethyleneimine sodium xanthate according to the mass ratio of 1:2: 1.
Example 6
A domestic sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, regulating the pH value of black water to 7, then injecting the black water into a methane tank for anaerobic fermentation, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 0.4mg/L, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ for 6 days, generating methane, methane slag and waste liquid, using the methane as combustible gas energy, using the methane slag as fertilizer, and collecting the waste liquid to obtain black water waste liquid;
secondly, filtering the grey water through a grid to remove household garbage, obtaining pretreated grey water, injecting pretreated grey water and black water waste liquid into a sedimentation tank, firstly adding a composite flocculant into the sedimentation tank, stirring for 1min at the rotating speed of 120r/min, adding the quartz sand component of the example 2, continuously stirring for 15min, settling for 40min, drying the sediment, and carrying out outward, filtering the supernatant by using a quartz sand filter with the particle size of 0.3mm and the thickness of 10cm, thereby obtaining primary treatment wastewater, wherein the dosage of the composite flocculant is 45mg/L, and the dosage of the quartz sand component is 15mg/L;
and thirdly, transporting the first-stage treated wastewater to a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device, adding the compound photocatalyst of the embodiment 3 into the device, reacting for 2.3 hours with the amount of the compound photocatalyst being 1.5 percent of the weight of the first-stage treated wastewater, adjusting the pH value to 9.8, and finally performing anaerobic and aerobic treatment under the condition of illumination to remove nitrite and ammonia nitrogen in the first-stage treated wastewater so as to obtain the dischargeable water.
Wherein, black water is toilet sewage collected by a pipeline, grey water is domestic miscellaneous drainage collected by a pipeline, a pH regulator for regulating the pH value is sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, and the composite flocculant is prepared from cationic polyacrylamide, polymeric ferric sulfate and polyethyleneimine sodium xanthate according to the mass ratio of 1:3: 1.
Example 7
A domestic sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
firstly, regulating the pH of black water to 7.5, then injecting the black water into a methane tank for anaerobic fermentation, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 0.5mg/L, controlling the temperature at 45 ℃ for 8 days, generating methane, methane slag and waste liquid, using the methane as combustible gas energy, using the methane slag as fertilizer, and collecting the waste liquid to obtain black water waste liquid;
secondly, filtering the grey water through a grid to remove household garbage, obtaining pretreated grey water, injecting pretreated grey water and black water waste liquid into a sedimentation tank, firstly adding a composite flocculant into the sedimentation tank, stirring for 1min at the rotating speed of 150r/min, adding the quartz sand component of the example 2, continuously stirring for 20min, settling for 60min, drying the sediment, and carrying out outward, filtering the supernatant by using a quartz sand filter with the particle size of 0.3mm and the thickness of 10cm, thereby obtaining primary treatment wastewater, wherein the dosage of the composite flocculant is 50mg/L, and the dosage of the quartz sand component is 20mg/L;
and thirdly, transporting the first-stage treated wastewater to a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device, adding the compound photocatalyst of the embodiment 4 into the device, reacting for 2.5 hours, adjusting the pH value to 10, and finally performing anaerobic and aerobic treatment under the condition of illumination to remove nitrite and ammonia nitrogen in the first-stage treated wastewater to obtain the dischargeable water.
Wherein, black water is toilet sewage collected by a pipeline, grey water is domestic miscellaneous drainage collected by a pipeline, a pH regulator for regulating the pH value is sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, and the composite flocculant is prepared from cationic polyacrylamide, polymeric ferric sulfate and polyethyleneimine sodium xanthate according to the mass ratio of 1:3: 2.
Comparative example 3
On the basis of example 5, the quartz sand component in the sedimentation tank of example 5 is removed, and the rest raw materials and the preparation process are the same as those of example 5.
Comparative example 4
Based on example 5, the composite photocatalyst in example 5 was replaced with the material in comparative example 1, and the rest of the raw materials and the preparation process were the same as in example 5.
Comparative example 5
Based on example 5, the composite photocatalyst in example 5 was replaced with the material in comparative example 2, and the rest of the raw materials and the preparation process were the same as in example 5.
The treatment cycle of the domestic sewage of a village in the long-time sandy city of Hunan province was 6 months, no water sample for inflow and no water sample for outflow were collected for each month, and the water samples were continuously collected for 6 months, the COD concentration in the black water for inflow was 650mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was 230mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration was 20mg/L, the COD concentration of the grey water was 80mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration was 10mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration was 15mg/L, and the water quality average index for outflow was measured, and the results were shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
。
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative examples 3 to 5, the COD concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration content of the effluent obtained by the domestic sewage treatment method of examples 5 to 7 are low, the water quality is good, compared with comparative example 3, the difference is that the flocculation sedimentation efficiency is poor due to the fact that the quartz sand component is not used in the flocculation process of example 5, the final effluent quality is poor, compared with comparative example 4 and comparative example 5, the difference is that the efficiency of photocatalysis, adsorption and the like is low due to the fact that the composite photocatalyst is different, and in conclusion, the domestic sewage treatment method of the invention is simple and efficient, and can realize resource reutilization.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The domestic sewage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, regulating the pH value of black water to 6.5-7.5, then injecting the black water into a methane tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate methane, biogas residues and waste liquid, and collecting the waste liquid to obtain black water waste liquid;
secondly, filtering the gray water through a grid to obtain pretreated gray water, injecting the pretreated gray water and black water waste liquid into a sedimentation tank, firstly adding a composite flocculant into the sedimentation tank, stirring for 1min, adding a quartz sand component, continuously stirring for 10-20min, settling for 30-60min, filtering the supernatant with a sand filter to obtain primary treatment wastewater, and carrying out outward after the sediment is dried;
thirdly, transporting the first-stage treated wastewater to a photoelectrocatalysis oxidation integrated device, adding a composite photocatalyst into the device, reacting for 2-2.5 hours, then adjusting the pH value to 9.5-10, and finally carrying out anaerobic and aerobic treatment under the condition of illumination to obtain the dischargeable water;
the quartz sand component is prepared by the following steps:
adding acrylamide, modified quartz sand, methylene bisacrylamide and deionized water into a reaction kettle, stirring under the protection of nitrogen, heating to 60 ℃, adding potassium persulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfite, and stirring for reaction for 6-8 hours to obtain a quartz sand component;
the modified quartz sand is prepared by the following steps:
mixing a silane coupling agent KH-570, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, stirring at 25 ℃ for 40min to obtain a treatment liquid, placing pretreated quartz sand into a mixer, dropwise adding the treatment liquid while stirring at 50-60 ℃, after the dropwise adding is finished, keeping the temperature, stirring for 1-2h, and drying at 110 ℃ to obtain modified quartz sand;
the composite photocatalyst is prepared by the following steps:
s1, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, deionized water, nitric acid and silver nitrate solution into a flask, stirring at 25 ℃ for 5min, adding active carbon, stirring for 10-20min, dropwise adding butyl titanate ethanol solution, stirring for 2h after the dropwise adding is finished, standing for 12h, drying in a baking oven at 80 ℃, and calcining at 500 ℃ for 2h in a tubular furnace to obtain a photocatalytic substrate;
s2, mixing a silane coupling agent KH-560, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, adjusting the pH to 3-4, adding a photocatalytic matrix, and stirring at 50-60 ℃ for reaction for 3-4 hours to obtain an intermediate product;
s3, mixing deionized water, 1, 4-dioxane and hyperbranched polyethyleneimine, stirring for 10-20min at 85 ℃, adding an intermediate product, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 25-30h to obtain the composite photocatalyst.
2. The method for treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the composite flocculant is 40-50mg/L and the amount of the quartz sand component is 10-20mg/L.
3. The method for treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the amount of acrylamide, modified quartz sand, methylenebisacrylamide, deionized water, potassium persulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfite is 2g:3-5g:0.1-0.5g:40-60mL:0.075g:0.075g.
4. The method for treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the silane coupling agent KH-570 is 1.5-3% of the mass of the pretreated quartz sand.
5. The method for treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the composite photocatalyst is 1-2% by weight of the primary treated wastewater.
6. A method of treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the black water is toilet sewage collected through a pipeline.
7. A method of treating domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the grey water is a miscellaneous domestic drain collected via a pipeline.
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