CN116473616A - Posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the disclosure discloses a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool, comprising: a femoral osteotomy device comprising a first cutter and a second cutter; the first cutter is provided with a first channel for the swing saw bar to move and a second channel for the second cutter to move; the first channel is a horizontal channel, the second channel is positioned above the first channel, and the extending direction and the first channel form a preset included angle; the inclined plane cutter is provided with a third channel for the swing saw bar to move; the first channel is used for cutting out the distal end face of the femur, the second channel is used for cutting out the rear end face of the femur, and the third channel is used for cutting from the rear end face of the femur to the distal end face of the femur to form an inclined plane. The technical scheme solves the problem of contraindication of anterior operation and expands the application scene of knee joint unicondylar replacement operation.

Description

Posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool.

Background

The knee joint unicondylar replacement operation is a mature operation mode at present, and the damaged bones and cartilages on the surface of the knee joint are replaced by artificial biological materials, so that the normal functions of the joint of a patient are recovered. The existing operation tools are all used for operation from the anterior (in front of the knee joint), and the anterior operation has some contraindications such as knee joint flexion contracture deformity of >15 degrees, and the posterior (in back of the knee joint) operation can loosen the joint capsule in back of the knee joint and expand the indication of knee joint unicondylar replacement. Moreover, the posterior approach can avoid this condition because the anterior incision inevitably damages the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and anterior femoral cutaneous branch, resulting in a patient's post-operative incision lateral cutaneous sensory disturbance. Therefore, a tool for adapting to a posterior operation is needed to expand the application scenario of the operation.

Disclosure of Invention

To address the problems in the related art, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool.

Specifically, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool comprises:

a femoral osteotomy device comprising a first cutter and a second cutter; the first cutter is provided with a first channel for the swing saw bar to move and a second channel for the second cutter to move; the first channel is a horizontal channel, the second channel is positioned above the first channel, and the extending direction and the first channel form a preset included angle;

the inclined plane cutter is provided with a third channel for the swing saw bar to move;

the first channel is used for cutting out the distal end face of the femur, the second channel is used for cutting out the rear end face of the femur, and the third channel is used for cutting from the rear end face of the femur to the distal end face of the femur to form an inclined plane.

Optionally, the first end surface of the second channel is an arc surface adapted to the femur, and the second end surface is a plane adapted to the second cutter.

Optionally, the second cutter comprises a milling cutter and a milling cutter control assembly;

the milling cutter enters the second channel from one side of the second end face, and the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter to be a preset distance.

Optionally, the second cutter further comprises a limiting ring, one end face of the limiting ring is attached to the second end face, and the other end face of the limiting ring is attached to the milling cutter control assembly; after the limiting ring is moved out, the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter to be the thickness of the limiting ring.

Optionally, the bevel cutter comprises a femur distal end face abutment and a femur posterior end face abutment;

wherein the third channel is arranged on the femur rear end surface fitting part.

Optionally, the first cutter and/or the bevel cutter are provided with fixing holes.

Optionally, the first cutter is provided with a support plate located below the first channel.

Optionally, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool further comprises: the tibia osteotome is provided with a fourth channel for the swing saw bar to move, and the fourth channel is used for cutting out a tibia platform surface.

Optionally, a chute is arranged at the top of the tibia osteotomy device; correspondingly, the bottom of the first cutter is provided with a sliding strip matched with the sliding groove.

Optionally, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool further includes a tibial trial, a femoral trial, and a spacer trial.

Optionally, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool further comprises a lifting assembly; the tibial osteotome is mounted on the lifting assembly.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can comprise the following beneficial effects:

the embodiment of the disclosure provides a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool, comprising: a femoral osteotomy device comprising a first cutter and a second cutter; the first cutter is provided with a first channel for the swing saw bar to move and a second channel for the second cutter to move; the first channel is a horizontal channel, the second channel is positioned above the first channel, and the extending direction and the first channel form a preset included angle; the inclined plane cutter is provided with a third channel for the swing saw bar to move; the first channel is used for cutting out the distal end face of the femur, the second channel is used for cutting out the rear end face of the femur, and the third channel is used for cutting from the rear end face of the femur to the distal end face of the femur to form an inclined plane. According to the technical scheme, the first cutter and the second cutter which are arranged on the femur osteotome are combined with the use of the inclined plane cutter, the femur rear end face, the femur distal end face and the inclined plane are cut out from the rear direction, and the three faces of the prosthesis adhesion can be arranged subsequently, so that the problem of contraindications in anterior operation is solved, and the application scene of knee joint unicondylar replacement operation is expanded.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 illustrates an assembled schematic view of a first cutter, tibial osteotomy gauge, and lifting assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 illustrates an exploded view of a first cutter, tibial osteotomy gauge, and lifting assembly, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a first cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 illustrates an isometric view of a first cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a second cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of the positional relationship of the first and second cutters prior to cutting out the posterior face of the femur in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of the positional relationship of the first and second cutters after cutting the posterior end of the femur, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a bevel cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 10 illustrates a rear view of a bevel cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 11 illustrates a perspective view of a tibial osteotomy device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 12 illustrates an elevation view of a tibial osteotomy device, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 13 illustrates a tibial trial, femoral trial, and liner trial installation relationship schematic in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 14 illustrates a schematic view of a tibial trial installation relationship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 15 shows a schematic structural view of a cushion test die according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement them. In addition, for the sake of clarity, portions irrelevant to description of the exemplary embodiments are omitted in the drawings.

Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided herein for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the words "comprise," "comprising," and the like in the description are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, it is the meaning of "including but not limited to".

In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like should be construed broadly, as they may be fixed, removable, or integral, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this disclosure will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In addition, it should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

The knee joint unicondylar replacement operation is a mature operation mode at present, and the damaged bones and cartilages on the surface of the knee joint are replaced by artificial biological materials, so that the normal functions of the joint of a patient are recovered. The existing operation tools are all used for operation from the anterior (in front of the knee joint), and the anterior operation has some contraindications such as knee joint flexion contracture deformity of >15 degrees, and the posterior (in back of the knee joint) operation can loosen the joint capsule in back of the knee joint and expand the indication of knee joint unicondylar replacement. Moreover, the posterior approach can avoid this condition because the anterior incision inevitably damages the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and anterior femoral cutaneous branch, resulting in a patient's post-operative incision lateral cutaneous sensory disturbance. Therefore, a tool for adapting to a posterior operation is needed to expand the application scenario of the operation.

The present disclosure is provided to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art discovered by the inventors.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 illustrates an assembled schematic view of a first cutter, tibial osteotomy gauge, and lifting assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 illustrates an exploded view of a first cutter, tibial osteotomy gauge, and lifting assembly, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool includes a femoral osteotomy 10, a tibial osteotomy 20, a bevel cutter 30, and a lifting assembly 40. The femoral osteotomy 10 includes a first cutter 11 and a second cutter 12. The tibia cutter 20 is mounted on the lifting assembly 40, a sliding groove 21 is formed in the top of the tibia cutter 20, correspondingly, a sliding bar 111 matched with the sliding groove 21 is arranged at the bottom of the first cutter 11, and the first cutter 21 is movably connected with the tibia cutter 20 through the matching of the sliding bar 111 and the sliding groove 21. The second cutter 12 is provided separately from the first cutter 11.

Fig. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a first cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 illustrates an isometric view of a first cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the first cutter 11 is provided with a first channel 11-a for the swing saw bar to move and a second channel 11-B for the second cutter 12 to move, the first channel 11-a is a horizontal channel, the swing saw blade is operated to cut the distal femur surface in the first channel 11-a, the second channel 11-B is positioned above the first channel 11-a, the extending direction of the second channel 11-B forms a preset included angle with the first channel 11-a, the second cutter 12 is operated to cut the rear femur surface in the second channel 11-B, thus forming a preset included angle between the rear femur surface and the distal femur surface, for example, 73 ° -77 °, then cutting from the rear femur surface to the distal femur surface through the bevel cutter 30 to form a bevel, the rear femur surface, the distal femur surface and the bevel are cut in the above manner, and the three surfaces of prosthesis can be subsequently positioned to be attached, so that the knee joint single condyle replacement operation performed in the posterior is completed.

The first cutter 11 may be provided with a support plate 112, the support plate 112 being located below the first passage 11-a. The support plate 112 may be provided to provide support to lift the femur for correction of varus or valgus deformity, resulting in better surgical results. The degree of varus and valgus of the knee varies from patient to patient and the distance to be corrected varies, so the first cutter 11 is configured to different specifications to meet the needs. The vertical distance between the support plate 112 and the first channel 11-a is the same between different specifications to ensure that the thickness of the femur cut is the same, so as to be convenient for adapting to the specifications of the prosthesis, while the height of the table top of the fixed support plate 112 is different, i.e. the vertical distance between the support plate 112 and the bottom surface of the first cutter 11 is different, and the first cutters 11 with different specifications are obtained by configuring the table tops with different heights.

One or more fixing holes 113 can be formed in the first cutter 11, and screws can be driven into the femur through the fixing holes 113, so that the first cutter 11 and the femur are fixed, displacement is avoided when the distal end face and the rear end face of the femur are cut, and flatness of the cut face is prevented from being affected. Preferably, the fixation hole 113 may be provided at the top so as to be engaged with the support plate 112 near the bottom, thereby more firmly fixing the first cutter 11 to the femur. In some cases, the fixing of the first cutter 11 may be achieved by directly using the friction force between the support plate 112 and the joint surface, without forming the fixing hole 113, and those skilled in the art may design according to practical situations, which is not limited herein.

The first end face B1 of the second channel 11-B is an arc surface adapted to the femur so as to be better fitted to the femur, and the second end face B2 is a plane adapted to the second cutter 12 so as to ensure flatness of the distal end face and the rear end face of the cut femur, which will be described later.

Fig. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a second cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of the positional relationship of the first and second cutters prior to cutting out the posterior face of the femur in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of the positional relationship of the first and second cutters after cutting the posterior end of the femur, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 6-8, the second cutter 12 includes a milling cutter 121 and a milling cutter control assembly; wherein the milling cutter 121 enters the second channel 11-B from the second end surface side, and the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter 121 to be a preset distance. Specifically, the second cutter 12 further includes a limiting ring 122, one end surface of the limiting ring 122 is attached to the second end surface, and the other end surface of the limiting ring 122 is attached to the milling cutter control assembly; after the stop collar 122 is removed, the milling cutter control assembly is used to control the distance of movement of the milling cutter 121 to the thickness of the stop collar 122.

The milling cutter control assembly includes: the milling cutter 121 is sleeved into the limiting ring 122 after extending out of the sleeve 123, the limiting ring 122 is attached to the second end face, the sleeve 123 is attached to the end face of the limiting ring 122, the relative position of the sleeve 123 and the milling cutter 121 is fixed by the fixing piece 124 after the position of the milling cutter 121 is adjusted (shown in fig. 7), the limiting ring 122 is moved out, the milling cutter 121 is operated to move until the sleeve 123 contacts with the second end face (shown in fig. 8), and the moving distance of the milling cutter 121 is controlled to be the thickness of the limiting ring 122. The corresponding lesion area is removed by the milling cutter 121, and the rear end surface of the femur is cut.

Fig. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a bevel cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 10 illustrates a rear view of a bevel cutter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the bevel cutter 30 is provided with a third channel 30-C for the swing saw bar to move, and the third channel 30-C is used for cutting from the rear end surface of the femur to the distal end surface of the femur to form a bevel. Specifically, the bevel cutter 30 includes a femur distal end surface conforming portion 31 and a femur posterior end surface conforming portion 32; wherein the third channel 30-C is disposed on the femoral posterior face abutment 32. In operation, the femur osteotome 10 is used to cut the distal femur end face and the rear femur end face, which form a preset included angle, and correspondingly, the distal femur end face attaching portion 31 and the rear femur end face attaching portion 32 are also formed into a preset included angle in design and are attached to the distal femur end face and the rear femur end face respectively, and then two post holes for accommodating the femoral prosthesis are drilled in the rear femur end face, and then the pendulum saw blade is used to operate in the third channel 30-C to cut from the rear femur end face to the distal femur end face direction to form an inclined plane. The rear end face of the femur, the distal end face of the femur and the inclined plane are cut, and the prosthesis can be arranged to be attached to the three faces subsequently, so that the knee joint unicondylar replacement operation performed in the posterior way is completed.

One or more fixing holes 33 can be formed in the bevel cutter 30, and screws can be driven into the femur through the fixing holes 33, so that the bevel cutter 30 and the femur are fixed, displacement during bevel cutting is avoided, and flatness of a cutting surface is prevented from being affected. For example, as shown in fig. 10, the fixing hole 33 may be located above the third channel 30-C or below the third channel 30-C. When the fixing hole 33 is located below the third channel 30-C, the fixing hole 33 is provided with an opening structure, and a plurality of equally spaced scores 34 are marked on the opening structure, so that after the femur rear end surface attaching part 32 attaches to the femur rear end surface, vision shielding can be avoided through the opening structure, the femur rear end surface attaching part 32 is easily adjusted to be in a centering position by means of the scores 34, and the post hole can be guaranteed to be in a proper position when the post hole is drilled later, so that the femoral prosthesis can be conveniently placed.

With continued reference to fig. 10, the bevel cutter 30 is provided with two post holes 35 respectively located on the distal femur surface engaging portion 31 and the posterior femur surface engaging portion 32 for drilling post holes in the posterior femur surface. When the bevel cutter 30 is fixed through the fixing hole 33 located above the third channel 30-C, since the cutting of the bevel does not cut the screw into the fixing hole 33, a post hole may be drilled in the posterior end of the femur after the bevel is cut. If the bevel cutter 30 is fixed through the fixing hole 33 located below the third channel 30-C, the screw is not easily excessively long, otherwise the screw is cut off when the bevel is cut, which affects the fixation of the bevel cutter 30, so that it is necessary to drill a post hole on the rear end surface of the femur in advance and then cut the bevel.

Fig. 11 illustrates a perspective view of a tibial osteotomy device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 illustrates an elevation view of a tibial osteotomy device, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 11-12, the tibial osteotomy gauge 20 is provided with a fourth channel 20-D for movement of the pendulum saw bar, the fourth channel 20-D not being a horizontal channel, but having a 5 ° retroversion to match the natural anatomy of the tibial plateau. The top of the tibia cutter 20 is provided with a plurality of guide grooves 22, the guide grooves 22 are guide channels of a reciprocating saw, the most suitable guide grooves are selected to cut in the vertical direction according to actual conditions, and then a tibia flat table surface is cut in the fourth channel 20-D through the pendulum saw blade, so that a lesion part can be removed. The tibia cutter 20 is further provided with a first through hole 23 and a second through hole 24, the first through hole 23 is a long and narrow through hole, the second through hole 24 is arranged above the first through hole 23, and the number of the second through holes 24 can be 2 or other numbers, which is not limited in the disclosure. Screws are inserted into the tibia through the first through holes 23 to realize the pre-fixation of the tibia osteotomy device 20, and after the position of the fourth through holes 20-D is adjusted, the screws are inserted into the second through holes 24 to fix the tibia osteotomy device 20, so that the tibia osteotomy device 20 is prevented from being displaced in the operation. The tibial osteotomy device 20 further includes a screw 25, and the tibial osteotomy device 20 is inserted into the lifting assembly 40 by the screw 25. The tibial osteotomy device 20 is provided with a scale mark 26 for precisely adjusting the position of the fourth passage 20-D after the tibial osteotomy device 20 is pre-fixed.

Referring to fig. 3, the lifting assembly 40 includes: an ankle clamp arm 41, an ankle clamp slide 42, an ankle clamp lifting sleeve 43, and a lifter 44. Wherein, ankle clamp arm 41 is provided with the spout structure, and the bottom surface of spout structure is provided with recess 411, and ankle clamp slide bar 42 comprises outer tube and slide bar, and the tip of outer tube is the slider structure, realizes through the cooperation with the spout structure that ankle clamp arm 41 and ankle clamp slide bar 42 can dismantle the connection, and the slide bar cup joints in the inner chamber of outer tube to with outer tube threaded connection, make the tip of slide bar support on the surface of recess 411 through rotatory slide bar, thereby fixed ankle clamp arm 41 and ankle clamp slide bar 42's relative position. The ankle lifting sleeve 43 is sleeved together by an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve of the ankle slide rod 42 can pass through the through hole and move, and the outer sleeve of the ankle slide rod 42 is fixed through a nut. The inner and outer tubes of the ankle clamp lifting sleeve 43 can be moved relative to one another to adjust the height of the tibial osteotomy device 20 mounted on the elevator 44. The inner cavity of the lifter 44 is hollow, the screw 25 of the tibial osteotomy device 20 is inserted into the inner cavity, the ascending or descending height of the tibial osteotomy device 20 can be finely adjusted by adjusting the lifter nut arranged on the lifter 44, in addition, the bottom of the lifter 44 is provided with a sliding groove structure, the top of the inner tube of the ankle clamp lifting sleeve 43 is correspondingly provided with a sliding block structure, and the position of the tibial osteotomy device 20 can be horizontally adjusted after the lifter 44 and the ankle clamp lifting sleeve 43 are assembled by the design of the sliding groove and the sliding block structure. The lift assembly 40 provided by the present disclosure provides multiple degrees of freedom distance adjustment to adjust the femoral resectoscope 10, the tibial resectoscope 20 to the optimal surgical position to enable better completion of the surgical procedure.

The application method of the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool provided by the disclosure comprises the steps of enabling legs of a patient to be in a straightened state, fixing the ankle of the patient by utilizing an ankle clamp arm, adjusting a tibial osteotome to a proper position through adjusting a lifting assembly, performing surgery from the posterior (behind the knee joint), firstly cutting a lesion part by utilizing the tibial osteotome to obtain a tibial plateau surface, then cutting the lesion part by utilizing the femoral osteotome to obtain a distal femur surface and a rear femur surface, drilling a post hole on the rear femur surface, cutting the rear femur surface from the rear femur surface to the distal femur surface by utilizing an inclined plane cutter to form an inclined plane, installing a femoral prosthesis after cutting the flat distal femur surface, the rear femur surface and the inclined plane in the above manner, installing the tibial prosthesis on the tibial plateau surface, placing a liner, and thus realizing the movement of the joint and completing the surgery.

Fig. 13 illustrates a tibial trial, femoral trial, and liner trial installation relationship schematic in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 14 illustrates a schematic view of a tibial trial installation relationship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 15 shows a schematic structural view of a cushion test die according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 13-15, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool further includes a tibial trial 50, a femoral trial 60, and a spacer trial 70. The tibia 1 is provided with the tibia trial 50, the femur 2 is provided with the femur trial 60, and after the pad trial 70 is placed between the tibia 1 and the femur 2, whether the selected tibia trial model, femur trial model and pad trial model are appropriate or not is determined by verifying whether the joint movement is normal or not. After the model is determined, the tibial trial 50, the femoral trial 60, and the spacer trial 70 are removed and the corresponding model tibial prosthesis, femoral prosthesis, and spacer are placed. Two pad grooves 51 are formed in the tibia test mold 50, two protrusions 71 are correspondingly arranged on the pad test mold 70, the size of each protrusion 71 is matched with that of each pad groove 51, and the protrusions 71 are placed in the corresponding pad grooves 51, so that the pad test mold 70 is fastened on the tibia test mold 50.

The tibia test mould 50 is also provided with a small hole 52 for temporarily fixing the tibia test mould 50, then a corresponding column hole is drilled on the tibia platform surface through a through hole arranged on the tibia test mould 50, and after the tibia test mould 50 is dismantled, a corresponding tibia prosthesis is put in, wherein the tibia prosthesis is provided with a fixing column which is matched with the size and the shape of the column hole.

Since the leg of the patient is in a straightened state in the posterior surgery, the operation space for opening the post holes on the tibial plateau is small, and the number of the post holes is usually 3 in consideration of the stability after the tibial prosthesis is inserted, in the present disclosure, two first fixing holes 53, such as a circular shape, and one second fixing hole 54, such as a long and narrow shape, are formed on the tibial trial 50, so as to drill the post holes of the corresponding shape on the tibial plateau, thereby ensuring the stability of the installation of the tibial prosthesis. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool, comprising: a femoral osteotomy device comprising a first cutter and a second cutter; the first cutter is provided with a first channel for the swing saw bar to move and a second channel for the second cutter to move; the first channel is a horizontal channel, the second channel is positioned above the first channel, and the extending direction and the first channel form a preset included angle; the inclined plane cutter is provided with a third channel for the swing saw bar to move; the first channel is used for cutting out the distal end face of the femur, the second channel is used for cutting out the rear end face of the femur, and the third channel is used for cutting from the rear end face of the femur to the distal end face of the femur to form an inclined plane. By cutting the femur rear end face, the femur distal end face and the inclined plane from the rear direction, the three faces of the prosthesis can be arranged to be attached later, the problem of contraindication of the anterior operation is solved, and the application scene of the knee joint unicondylar replacement operation is expanded.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the first end face of the second channel is an arc face matched with the femur so as to be better attached to the femur, and the second end face is a plane matched with the second cutter, so that flatness of the distal end face and the rear end face of the femur is guaranteed.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second cutter comprises a milling cutter and a milling cutter control assembly;

the milling cutter enters the second channel from one side of the second end face, and the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter to be a preset distance.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the second cutter further includes a limiting ring, one end surface of the limiting ring is attached to the second end surface, and the other end surface is attached to the milling cutter control assembly; after the limiting ring is moved out, the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter to be the thickness of the limiting ring.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the bevel cutter includes a femoral distal surface abutment and a femoral posterior surface abutment; the third channel is arranged on the joint part of the rear end face of the femur, so that the femur is cut from the rear end face of the femur to the distal end face of the femur to form an inclined plane.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the first cutter and/or the inclined surface cutter are/is provided with the fixing holes, so that the fixing holes are convenient to fix with the femur, and the flatness of the distal end surface, the rear end surface and the inclined surface of the cut femur is ensured.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cutter is provided with a support plate located below the first passage. The supporting plate can provide supporting force for lifting the femur and is used for correcting valgus deformity, so that better operation effect is brought.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool further comprises: the tibia osteotome is provided with a fourth channel for the swing saw bar to move, and the fourth channel is used for cutting out a tibia platform surface.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, a sliding groove is formed in the top of the tibia osteotomy device; correspondingly, the bottom of the first cutter is provided with a sliding strip matched with the sliding groove. Through the cooperation of draw runner and spout, realize the swing joint of first cutterbar and shin bone osteotome, shin bone osteotome can also adjust the distance of first cutterbar and femur when supporting first cutterbar, is convenient for carry out operation in suitable position.

According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool further includes a lifting assembly; the tibial osteotome is mounted on the lifting assembly. The lifting component provides multi-degree-of-freedom distance adjustment so as to adjust the femur osteotomy device and the tibia osteotomy device to the optimal operation position, thereby being capable of completing operation better.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and description of the principles of the technology being employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in this disclosure is not limited to the specific combination of features described above, but encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of features described above or their equivalents is contemplated without departing from the inventive concepts described. Such as those described above, are mutually substituted with the technical features having similar functions disclosed in the present disclosure (but not limited thereto).

Claims (10)

1. A posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool, comprising:

a femoral osteotomy device comprising a first cutter and a second cutter; the first cutter is provided with a first channel for the swing saw bar to move and a second channel for the second cutter to move; the first channel is a horizontal channel, the second channel is positioned above the first channel, and the extending direction and the first channel form a preset included angle;

the inclined plane cutter is provided with a third channel for the swing saw bar to move;

the first channel is used for cutting out the distal end face of the femur, the second channel is used for cutting out the rear end face of the femur, and the third channel is used for cutting from the rear end face of the femur to the distal end face of the femur to form an inclined plane.

2. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of claim 1, wherein the first end surface of the second channel is a curved surface adapted to fit the femur and the second end surface is a planar surface adapted to fit the second cutter.

3. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of claim 2, wherein the second cutter comprises a milling cutter and a milling cutter control assembly;

the milling cutter enters the second channel from one side of the second end face, and the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter to be a preset distance.

4. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of claim 3, wherein the second cutter further comprises a stop collar having one end face thereof engaged with the second end face and the other end face engaged with the mill control assembly; after the limiting ring is moved out, the milling cutter control assembly is used for controlling the moving distance of the milling cutter to be the thickness of the limiting ring.

5. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of any of claims 1-4, wherein the bevel cutter comprises a distal femoral surface abutment and a posterior femoral surface abutment;

wherein the third channel is arranged on the femur rear end surface fitting part.

6. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first cutter and/or the bevel cutter have fixation holes disposed thereon.

7. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first cutter is provided with a buttress plate positioned below the first channel.

8. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising: the tibia osteotome is provided with a fourth channel for the swing saw bar to move, and the fourth channel is used for cutting out a tibia platform surface.

9. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of claim 8, wherein the top of the tibial osteotomy device is provided with a chute; correspondingly, the bottom of the first cutter is provided with a sliding strip matched with the sliding groove.

10. The posterior knee unicondylar replacement surgical tool of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a tibial trial, a femoral trial, and a spacer trial.