CN116471824A - Metal mesh grid structure for electromagnetic shielding optical window - Google Patents
Metal mesh grid structure for electromagnetic shielding optical window Download PDFInfo
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- CN116471824A CN116471824A CN202310425876.XA CN202310425876A CN116471824A CN 116471824 A CN116471824 A CN 116471824A CN 202310425876 A CN202310425876 A CN 202310425876A CN 116471824 A CN116471824 A CN 116471824A
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- metal
- metal grid
- outer circle
- grid
- grid structure
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium neon Chemical compound [He].[Ne] CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/4266—Diffraction theory; Mathematical models
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal grid structure for an electromagnetic shielding optical window, which comprises at least one metal grid unit, wherein the metal grid unit comprises a metal outer circle and a plurality of small closed-loop structures positioned in the metal outer circle, and each small closed-loop structure is formed by splicing a part of the metal outer circle and two metal arcs positioned in the metal outer circle. The invention can effectively improve the cut-off frequency of the grid, thereby improving the shielding efficiency of the grid in a required wave band; the shielding ratio of the metal is less influenced, and the higher optical transmittance can be considered; the diffraction pattern generated after the incident light passes through the mesh can be effectively homogenized, namely, the high-order diffraction energy can be uniformly dispersed around the central light spot, the imaging contrast is improved, the influence of the concentration of the diffraction energy on imaging is reduced, and the imaging quality is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic shielding of optical windows, in particular to a metal mesh structure for shielding an optical window by using an electromagnetic shielding device.
Background
Aerospace vehicles generally operate in complex electromagnetic environments, the surfaces of which can be coated with wave absorbing materials or the like to reduce external electromagnetic wave interference, and for transparent optical windows, pods or the like, which need to shield external electromagnetic waves while maintaining high optical transmittance, and which require that the covers on the optical windows do not interfere with the imaging of the detector. Metal grid structures are proposed in this application context, which are intended to provide electromagnetic shielding (microwave band) and to give a compromise between high optical transmission (depending on the mesh area ratio) and at the same time reduce diffraction effects that interfere with camera imaging.
The common square grid is in a cross shape due to the square grid shape, so that the energy after diffraction is too high in order to influence the imaging quality. The mesh grid with the common circular ring structure has poor effect in the aspects of high electromagnetic shielding, high optical transmittance and uniform diffraction energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low optical transmittance and uneven diffraction distribution of a metal grid in the prior art, the invention provides a metal grid structure for an electromagnetic shielding optical window.
The technical problems of the invention are solved by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a metal mesh grid structure for electromagnetic shielding optical window, includes at least one metal mesh grid unit, metal mesh grid unit includes the metal excircle and is located a plurality of small-size closed loop structures in the metal excircle, every small-size closed loop structure by a part of metal excircle and be located two metal pitch arc concatenation forms in the metal excircle.
In some embodiments, the interconnection point between the metal arcs is located at the center of the metal outer circle.
In some embodiments, the metal arc is a half arc having a radius that is 1/2 of the radius of the metal outer circle.
In some embodiments, the openings of each semicircle are oriented uniformly.
In some embodiments, each semicircle bisects the area within the metal outer circle.
In some embodiments, the metal grid cell has four or more of the metal arcs, forming four or more of the small closed loop structures within the metal outer circle.
In some embodiments, the device comprises a plurality of metal grid units arranged in an array, and adjacent metal grid units are interconnected in a manner of tangential metal excircles.
In some embodiments, the plurality of metal grid cells are arranged in a two-dimensional array with aligned lateral and longitudinal directions between adjacent cells.
In some embodiments, the plurality of metal grid cells are arranged in a two-dimensional array that is laterally aligned but longitudinally offset between adjacent cells.
In some embodiments, each metal grid cell is arranged in a form rotated to the same angle, or at least two metal grid cells are arranged in a form rotated to different angles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a high-shielding high-transmittance metal grid structure with uniform diffraction distribution, wherein a metal grid unit comprises a metal excircle and a plurality of small closed-loop structures in the metal excircle, so that the equivalent period of the grid is reduced, the cutoff frequency of the grid can be effectively improved, the shielding efficiency of the grid in a required wave band is improved, and the electromagnetic shielding capacity of the metal grid is improved; meanwhile, the small closed-loop structure is used as a part of the grid unit, a structure with small line width and small period can be adopted, the influence on the shielding ratio of metal is small, and higher optical transmittance can be considered; the small closed-loop structure in the metal excircle can effectively homogenize diffraction patterns generated after incident light passes through meshes, namely, high-order diffraction energy can be uniformly dispersed around a central light spot, imaging contrast is improved, influence of diffraction energy concentration on imaging is reduced, and imaging quality is greatly improved. Each small closed-loop structure is formed by splicing a part of the metal excircle and two metal arcs positioned in the metal excircle, so that the metal coverage area is reduced, and the optical transmittance is improved. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention optimizes the foregoing by introducing a plurality of closed loop structures within the ring, each of the closed loop structures comprising a semicircular arc and a portion of the outer circle. The metal grid units can flexibly rotate and arrange, the structural size can be flexibly adjusted, and different application requirements can be met; has higher environmental durability. The invention can be widely applied to imaging scenes in complex electromagnetic wave environments, such as a photoelectric detection system protection cabin of an aerospace vehicle.
Other advantages of embodiments of the present invention are further described below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metal grid cell in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a C4-structured metal grid structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a C6-structured metal grid structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a single small closed loop structure in a metal grid cell in an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals are as follows:
1-metal grid unit, 11-metal excircle and 12-metal arc line.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings in conjunction with the preferred embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the terms of left, right, upper, lower, top, bottom, etc. are merely relative terms, or refer to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
According to scalar diffraction theory, when incident light passes through the openings of the grids, diffraction patterns are generated, and the traditional square grids are cross-shaped due to the square grid shape, so that diffracted energy is concentrated, imaging quality is greatly reduced, namely, the high-order diffraction energy is too high so as to influence the imaging quality. The circular grid can better disperse the high-order diffraction energy to the periphery of the central light spot uniformly, so that the imaging contrast is improved. The common mesh grid with the circular ring structure has low optical transmittance due to the large metal coverage area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a metal grid structure formed by a metal excircle and a metal arc line, which can be used for shielding an optical window by electromagnetic; according to the waveguide theory, the cut-off frequency of the grid can be effectively improved by introducing a small closed-loop structure into the metal grid unit structure, so that the shielding efficiency of the grid in a required wave band is improved; meanwhile, the small closed-loop structure is used as a part of the metal grid unit, a structure with small line width and small period can be adopted, the blocking ratio influence on the metal grid is small, and the high optical transmittance can be considered; according to electromagnetic shielding theory, the metal grid can effectively shield interference of external electromagnetic waves to the detector, meanwhile, the openings of the metal grid can ensure that higher light energy passes through, and different from other materials used for high shielding and high transmittance, such as graphene, ITO (indium tin oxide) and the like, the metal grid has higher environmental durability and wide application scenes.
In addition, by adopting the circular or arc curve based on the small closed-loop structure as the component part of the metal grid unit, the diffraction pattern generated after the incident light passes through the mesh can be effectively homogenized, namely, the diffraction energy is uniformly distributed around the central point light spot, the imaging contrast is improved, the interference of the concentration of the diffraction energy on imaging is reduced, and the imaging quality is greatly improved.
The metal grid structure can be obtained by carrying out specific arrangement on the metal grid units, can be used in the field requiring high shielding, high transmission and high imaging quality, and can flexibly adjust parameters such as structural arrangement mode, period, line width, metal thickness and the like so as to meet different practical application requirements; has higher environmental durability. The invention can be widely applied to imaging scenes in complex electromagnetic wave environments, such as a photoelectric detection system protection cabin of an aerospace vehicle.
The specific description is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a metal grid structure with high shielding and high transmission and uniform diffraction distribution, as shown in fig. 1, the metal grid structure of the embodiment of the invention comprises at least one metal grid unit 1, the metal grid unit 1 comprises a metal outer circle 11 and a plurality of small closed-loop structures positioned in the metal outer circle, the small closed-loop structures are petal-shaped, each small closed-loop structure is formed by splicing a part of the metal outer circle 11 and two metal arcs 12 positioned in the metal outer circle 11, and a connecting loop is arranged between the small closed-loop structures. The small closed-loop structure is introduced into the metal mesh unit 1, so that a small waveguide is formed, and according to the waveguide theory, a connected loop is arranged between the closed-loop structures, the cut-off frequency of the metal mesh structure can be effectively improved by the small closed-loop structure, and the improvement of the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of a specific wave band of the metal mesh structure is facilitated under the condition that the transmissivity is not affected.
Wherein the interconnection point between the metal arcs is positioned at the center of the metal excircle; the metal arc line is a semicircle, and the radius of the metal arc line is 1/2 of the radius of the metal excircle; the opening orientations of the semicircular arcs are consistent; the metal grid unit has four or more metal arcs, and four or more small closed-loop structures are formed in the metal outer circle.
The metal arc is preferably a semicircular arc, so that the diffraction pattern generated after the incident light passes through the mesh can be effectively homogenized, namely, the high-order diffraction energy can be uniformly dispersed around the central light spot, the imaging contrast is improved, the influence of the concentration of the diffraction energy on imaging is reduced, and the imaging quality is greatly improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the design of the metal grid units with the plurality of small closed-loop structures is realized by the mode in the metal excircle, the metal blocking ratio of the metal grid units can be reduced by adopting reasonable small line width, the metal covering area is reduced, the shielding efficiency of the metal grid structure is greatly improved under the condition that the optical transmittance is not obviously influenced, the shielding of the closed-loop structure to incident light is reduced to the greatest extent, and the higher optical transmittance is kept, namely the characteristics of high shielding and high transmittance are obtained; the diffraction energy generated by the meshes can be effectively homogenized, and the imaging quality is improved.
The metal grid structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of metal grid units which are arranged in an array, and the adjacent metal grid units are interconnected in a metal excircle tangent mode.
The following are two metal mesh cell arrangements:
(1) The plurality of metal grid cells are arranged in a two-dimensional array with aligned lateral and longitudinal directions between adjacent cells, as shown in fig. 2.
(2) The plurality of metal grid cells are arranged in a two-dimensional array with lateral alignment but longitudinal offset between adjacent cells, as shown in fig. 3.
In other different embodiments, each metal grid cell in the metal grid structure is arranged in a form rotated to the same angle, or at least two metal grid cells are arranged in a form rotated to different angles.
The specific metal grid cell arrangement is described as follows:
the metal grid structure can be obtained by carrying out specific arrangement on the metal grid units, such as a C4 structure, a C6 structure and the like; the metal grid units can be directly arrayed to obtain a metal grid structure with a C4 structure shown in figure 2; the scheme of ring tangent can also be adopted to obtain a metal grid structure with a C6 structure shown in figure 3, and the metal loops among the metal grid units are required to be ensured to be connected. The metal grid units can be rotated, and the metal grid units with different angles are spliced to obtain a metal grid structure, so that diffraction energy can be further homogenized, and interference of the diffraction energy on imaging is reduced. Key parameters such as the period, the line width, the metal thickness and the like of the grid can be flexibly adjusted, and different application requirements are met.
The arrangement mode, period, line width, metal thickness and other key parameters of the metal grid units can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, and different shielding efficiency, transmittance and diffraction energy distribution can be obtained. When the metal grid unit structures are arranged, the directions of the small closed-loop structures in the metal grid unit structures are different by rotating the metal grid unit structures, so that the disorder of the whole metal grid structure is enhanced, diffraction energy is further homogenized, and imaging quality is improved.
The metal grid structure with high shielding and high transmission and uniform diffraction distribution in one specific embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the metal grid structure comprises at least one metal grid unit, wherein the metal grid unit comprises a metal outer circle and a plurality of small closed-loop structures positioned in the metal outer circle, and each small closed-loop structure is formed by splicing a part of the metal outer circle and two metal arcs positioned in the metal outer circle. By introducing four semi-circles into the ring, the metal coverage area is effectively reduced, the optical transmittance is improved, the equivalent period of the mesh is reduced, and the electromagnetic shielding capability of the metal mesh is further improved. The metal grid units can flexibly rotate and arrange, the structural size can be flexibly adjusted, and different application requirements can be met; has higher environmental durability. The metal grid structure can be widely applied to scenes for imaging in complex electromagnetic wave environments, such as a photoelectric detection system protection cabin, an optical window and the like of an aerospace vehicle.
Fig. 4 shows a metal outer circle 11 of the metal grid unit 1 and a plurality of small closed-loop structures positioned in the metal outer circle 11, wherein each small closed-loop structure is formed by splicing a part of the metal outer circle 11 and two metal arcs 12 positioned in the metal outer circle 11, and an interconnection point between the metal arcs 12 is positioned at the center of the metal outer circle 11; the metal arc line 12 is a semicircle, and the radius r and the grid period g of the metal arc line 12 satisfy the following relation:
where r represents the radius of the semicircle.
Comparative example:
compared with the method for directly using various complete circles to carry out metal grid structure design, the method has the advantages that a section of circular curve of the metal excircle is spliced with an internal metal arc to obtain a unit structure design of a small closed-loop structure, and the obtained effect is better.
Test results show that the shielding efficiency of the metal mesh grid structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is higher than 24dB and is up to 32.1dB at most aiming at the microwave shielding efficiency of 12-18 GHz.
In addition, compared with a common square grid structure, the shielding efficiency of the metal grid structure is about 8dB higher than that of the metal grid structure under the same period and line width conditions. The inventors have tested the diffraction distribution patterns of the metal grid structure and the common square grid structure by using a helium-neon laser, and have found through comparison that the highest normalized diffraction energy of the metal grid structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is reduced by 33% compared with that of the conventional square grid structure, so that the diffraction energy distribution is successfully homogenized, and the problem of diffraction energy concentration of the square grid is remarkably solved.
The foregoing examples are provided for illustration only, wherein the curvature of the grid cell lines, the arrangement of the grids, and the key parameters including period, line width, metal thickness, etc. may be varied, and any equivalent transformation or modification performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several equivalent substitutions and obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the same should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The metal grid structure for the electromagnetic shielding optical window is characterized by comprising at least one metal grid unit, wherein the metal grid unit comprises a metal outer circle and a plurality of small closed-loop structures positioned in the metal outer circle, and each small closed-loop structure is formed by splicing a part of the metal outer circle and two metal arcs positioned in the metal outer circle.
2. The metal grid structure according to claim 1, wherein the interconnection point between the metal arcs is located at the center of the metal outer circle.
3. The metal grid structure according to claim 2, wherein the metal arc is a semicircle with a radius of 1/2 of the radius of the metal outer circle.
4. A metal grid structure according to claim 3 wherein the openings of each semicircle are oriented uniformly.
5. The metal mesh grid structure according to claim 4, wherein each semicircle is equally divided into areas within the metal outer circle.
6. The metal grid structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal grid unit has four or more of the metal arcs, and four or more of the small closed-loop structures are formed in the metal outer circle.
7. A metal grid structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprising a plurality of metal grid cells arranged in an array, adjacent metal grid cells being interconnected in such a way that the metal excircles are tangential.
8. The metal grid structure according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of metal grid cells are arranged in a two-dimensional array aligned both laterally and longitudinally between adjacent cells.
9. The metal grid structure according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of metal grid cells are arranged in a two-dimensional array of laterally aligned but longitudinally offset cells.
10. A metal grid structure according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein each metal grid unit is arranged in a form rotated to the same angle, or at least two metal grid units are arranged in a form rotated to different angles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310425876.XA CN116471824A (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Metal mesh grid structure for electromagnetic shielding optical window |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310425876.XA CN116471824A (en) | 2023-04-20 | 2023-04-20 | Metal mesh grid structure for electromagnetic shielding optical window |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103763907A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic shielding optical window based on two-dimensional orthogonally-distributed tangent circular ring and internally-tangent sub circular ring array |
| CN103813702A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double layer staggered orthogonal tangent circular ring and internally tangent sub-circular ring array electromagnetic shielding light window |
| WO2015120738A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic shielding optical window based on array of rings and sub-rings having triangular and orthogonal mixed distribution |
| CN110545653A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | metal mesh and electromagnetic shielding optical window |
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2023
- 2023-04-20 CN CN202310425876.XA patent/CN116471824A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103763907A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-04-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic shielding optical window based on two-dimensional orthogonally-distributed tangent circular ring and internally-tangent sub circular ring array |
| CN103813702A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double layer staggered orthogonal tangent circular ring and internally tangent sub-circular ring array electromagnetic shielding light window |
| WO2015120738A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetic shielding optical window based on array of rings and sub-rings having triangular and orthogonal mixed distribution |
| CN110545653A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | metal mesh and electromagnetic shielding optical window |
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