CN116469634A - Neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, raw material composition, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, raw material composition, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 434
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 427
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 401
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 128
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000005324 grain boundary diffusion Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
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- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001117 Tb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/09—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials mixtures of metallic and non-metallic particles; metallic particles having oxide skin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a neodymium iron boron magnet material, a raw material composition, a preparation method and application. The raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises the following components: r:29.0 to 32.0 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises at least one of R1 and R2, and R1 comprises Nd, pr, dy, tb; the content of Nd is not less than 27wt percent, and the content of Pr is not more than 0.5wt percent; the R2 comprises Dy and/or Tb, and the content of the R2 is 0.1-0.8wt%; ga: less than 0.05wt%; cu:0.16 to 0.40 weight percent; b: 0.96-1.10 wt%; al: less than or equal to 0.1 weight percent. The neodymium iron boron magnet material has high heavy rare earth utilization rate, obviously improves coercive force, and can simultaneously maintain higher remanence and squareness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a neodymium iron boron magnet material, a raw material composition, a preparation method and application.
Background
The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material is used as an important rare earth functional material and is widely applied to the fields of electronics industry, electric automobiles, variable frequency air conditioners, servo motors and the like. With the development of new application fields and the severe and varied application conditions, miniaturization and high energy efficiency indexes of motors become new concerns, and in order to reduce the size of the motors as much as possible and improve the output power of the motors, magnets are required to have high energy density, namely high remanence. Meanwhile, the application in the high-temperature fields also puts higher demands on the coercivity performance of the sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet.
At present, the method for improving the coercive force of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet mainly comprises grain refinement, heavy rare earth grain boundary diffusion and grain boundary component adjustment, wherein the grain boundary component adjustment is mainly realized by adding low-melting-point elements (such as Ga/Cu/Al and the like) into a raw material formula of the neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet material so as to improve the grain boundary wettability of the magnet material and the magnetism isolating effect of the grain boundary so as to improve the coercive force of the magnet. As disclosed in Chinese patent document CN114203379A, the permanent magnet material for neodymium iron boron comprises PrNd29.5wt%, dy 2.5wt%, co 1.6wt%, cu 0.16wt%, ga 0.25wt%, al 0.30wt%, B0.95wt% and Fe for the rest, and has magnetic properties of 13.32kGs+25.6kOe, but the remanence and coercive force of the material at present cannot meet the requirements of motor magnetic flux and demagnetization in specific fields, and the remanence of neodymium iron boron is drastically reduced mainly due to the addition of Al, and Pr 2 Fe 14 The theoretical remanence of B is also lower than Nd 2 Fe 14 B. Meanwhile, ga element is a common raw material in the field of semiconductors, and has high price and large fluctuation, and has a certain influence on the price of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet.
In addition, if the content of Al, pr, gd, ho in the neodymium iron boron magnet material is reduced (to be almost none), higher remanence and lower coercivity are generated, and in order to solve the above problems, it is generally necessary to add higher content of Ga and heavy rare earth elements (such as Dy and Tb) to compensate for the reduction of coercivity, but this is more costly and is not beneficial to practical application.
Therefore, on the premise of reducing the content of Ga, al and Pr, obtaining the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material with higher comprehensive performance of coercive force and remanence is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, a raw material composition, a preparation method and application, and aims to overcome the defect that the residual magnetism and the coercive force of a magnet obtained by a formula of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material in the prior art cannot reach higher levels at the same time. The neodymium iron boron magnet material has high utilization rate of heavy rare earth, and the coercive force can be greatly improved while higher residual magnetism is maintained.
Through a great deal of experimental researches, the inventor finds that the combination of Cu and R1 elements (Nd, pr, dy, tb) with specific contents is adopted to match, low-content Ga and heavy rare earth elements (such as Dy and Tb) can be added, a better diffusion effect can be obtained, and the prepared neodymium-iron-boron magnet material can have higher remanence and coercive force at the same time, so that the practical application is facilitated.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical proposal.
The invention provides a raw material composition of a neodymium iron boron magnet material, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
r:29.0 to 32.0 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises R1 and R2, and R1 comprises at least one of Nd, pr, dy, tb; the content of Nd is not less than 27wt%, and the content of Pr is not more than 0.5wt%; the R2 comprises Dy and/or Tb, and the content of the R2 is 0.1-0.8wt%;
Ga：＜0.05wt％；
Cu：0.16wt％～0.40wt％；
B：0.96wt％～1.10wt％；
Al：≤0.1wt％；
Fe：66.0wt％～70.0wt％；
0＜RH/R＜6.9％；
RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and/or Tb;
% is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material;
the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho;
the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material and the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of R is preferably 29.3 to 31.5wt%, such as 29.42wt%, 29.5wt%, 29.55wt%, 29.6wt%, 29.9wt%, 30.2wt%, 30.5wt%, 30.8wt%, 31.02wt%, 31.1wt% or 31.5wt%, more preferably 29.8 to 30.8wt%, such as 30.22wt%, 30.61wt%, 30.45wt%, 30.51wt%, 30.48wt%, 30.4wt%, 30.41wt%, 30.43wt% or 30.2wt%, the wt% being the percentage of the mass of R to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, R1 is generally a rare earth metal for smelting.
In the present invention, R2 is generally a rare earth metal for grain boundary diffusion.
In the present invention, the content of R1 may be 29.0 to 31.5wt%, for example 29.0wt%, 29.1wt%, preferably 29.6 to 31.0wt%, for example 29.8wt%, 30.2wt%, 30.6wt%, 30.0wt% or 31.0wt%, the wt% being the percentage of the mass of R1 to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Nd is preferably 27.0 to 30.0wt%, for example 27.5wt%, 27.6wt%, 28.3wt%, 28.40wt%, 28.7wt%, 29.5wt% or 30.0wt%, more preferably 28.5 to 29.5wt%, for example 29.1wt%, 29.2wt% or 29.00wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Nd to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Pr is preferably 0.4wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.1wt% or 0.05wt%, more preferably not more than 0.3wt%, but not 0wt%, of the mass of Pr to the total mass of the raw material composition of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, preferably, the R1 further includes Dy or Tb, for example, the R1 includes Nd and Dy, or the R1 includes Nd and Tb, or the R1 includes Nd, pr and Dy.
When the R1 contains Dy, the Dy content is preferably 1.6wt% or less, but not 0, for example, 0.25wt%, 1.4wt% or 1.5wt%, more preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%, for example, 0.4wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.8wt%, 1.00wt% or 1.1wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the Dy mass to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
When the R1 contains Tb, the content of Tb is preferably 1.5wt% or less, but not 0, for example, 0.25wt%, 1.4wt% or 1.5wt%, more preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%, for example, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.9wt%, 1wt% or 1.1wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Tb to the total mass of the raw material composition of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of R2 is preferably 0.2 to 0.7wt%, for example 0.51wt%, 0.6wt% or 0.65wt%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5wt%, for example 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.41wt%, 0.42wt%, 0.45wt%, 0.43wt%, 0.4wt% or 0.48wt%, wt% being a percentage of the mass of R2 to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Ga is preferably 0 to 0.04wt%, for example, 0.0wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.02wt%, 0.03wt%, or 0.04wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Ga to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Cu is preferably 0.16 to 0.35wt%, for example 0.16wt%, 0.20wt% or 0.35wt%, more preferably 0.25 to 0.35wt%, for example 0.25wt%, 0.26wt%, 0.29wt%, 0.31wt%, 0.30wt%, 0.27wt%, 0.28wt%, 0.32wt%, 0.33wt% or 0.34wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Cu to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the mode of adding Cu preferably includes addition at the time of melting and/or addition at the time of grain boundary diffusion. When the Cu is added at the time of grain boundary diffusion, the content of Cu added at the time of grain boundary diffusion is preferably 0.03 to 0.10wt%, for example, 0.05wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of the Cu to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of B is preferably 0.97 to 1.05wt%, more preferably 0.98 to 1.02wt%, for example 0.99wt%, 1.00wt% or 1.01wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of B to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Al is preferably 0.08wt% or less, but not 0, more preferably 0.03 to 0.07wt%, for example, 0.04wt%, 0.05wt% or 0.06wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Al to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material may generally further include Co. The Co content may be 0.15 to 2.0wt%, preferably 0.30 to 0.84wt%, for example 0.30wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.66wt%, 0.76wt%, 0.69wt%, 0.68wt%, 0.72wt%, 0.75wt%, 0.78wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.84wt%, 1.50wt%, or 2.0wt%, wt% being the percentage of the mass of Co to the total mass of the raw material composition of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material may generally further include Ti. The Ti content may be 0.10 to 0.25wt%, preferably 0.17 to 0.23wt%, for example 0.18wt%, 0.19wt%, 0.20wt%, 0.21wt% or 0.22wt%, the wt% being the percentage of the mass of Ti to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Fe is preferably 66 to 69.5wt%, for example 66.72wt%, 66.22wt%, 68.32wt%, 67.67wt%, 67.48wt%, 68.24wt%, 68.19wt%, 67.5wt%, 67.52wt%, 67.19wt%, 66.69wt%, 67.32wt%, 67.33wt%, 67.26wt%, 67.71wt%, 67.42wt%, 67.21wt%, 67.63wt%, 68.0wt%, 68.5wt%, 69.0wt% or 69.5wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Fe to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the RH/R is preferably 2.0 to 6.2% by mass, for example, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.3%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.2%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0% or 6.2%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r: 29.42-31.02 wt%, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.50-30.0 wt%, the content of Dy is 0.6-1.6 wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.2-0.45 wt%; co:0.35 to 2.00 weight percent; cu:0.16 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0 to 0.04wt percent; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.1wt% and Fe: 66.22-68.32 wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.2%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.48 to 30.51 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Tb, and the Nd content is 29.2 to 29.5 weight percent; the content of Tb is 0.5-0.8wt%; the R2 comprises Dy, the Dy content is 0.48-0.51 wt%, co:0.35 to 0.78wt percent; cu:0.2 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.07wt% and Fe: 66.69-67.52 wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, the content of Dy is 1.4wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.70wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.52wt% of Gd and Ho are not contained in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, RH is 6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material;
the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.61wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for melting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.2wt%, the content of Dy is 1.0wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.41wt%; co:0.66wt%; cu:0.29wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:1.00wt%; al:0.07wt% and Fe:67.19wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.6%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:31.02 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 30.0 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 0.6 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.76wt%; cu:0.30wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:66.69wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.45wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd, pr and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, the content of Pr is 0.40wt%, and the content of Dy is 0.6wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.69wt%, cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.32wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.4%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.51 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the content of Nd is 29.5 wt.%, and the content of Tb is 0.5 wt.%; the R2 comprises Dy, and the Dy content is 0.51wt%; co:0.68wt%; cu:0.26wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.04wt% and Fe:67.33wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.48wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the content of Nd is 29.2wt% and the content of Tb is 0.80wt%; the R2 comprises Dy, and the Dy content is 0.48wt%; co:0.72wt%; cu:0.27wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.21wt%; b:1.01wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.26wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.2%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.4wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.00wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.40wt%; co:0.35wt%; cu:0.28wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.21wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.71wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.6%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.41wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.00wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.41 weight percent; co:0.75wt%; cu:0.20wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.42wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.6%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.43 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.00 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.43wt%; co:0.78wt%; cu:0.29wt%; ga:0.04wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:1.00wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.21wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.7%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.2wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.00wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.2wt%; co:0.68wt%; cu:0.26wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.63wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:1.50wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:66.72wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:2.00wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:66.22wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:29.42 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.6 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.40 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.32wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.2%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.16wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.67wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.16wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.1wt% and Fe:67.48wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material includes the following components in mass content: r:29.55wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.5wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.60wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.19wt% of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.9%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, which is prepared from the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the preparation method may be a method conventional in the art, such as a diffusion method.
In the present invention, the preparation method preferably comprises the steps of: smelting, pulverizing, forming and sintering elements except R2 in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to obtain a sintered body, and then diffusing a mixture of the sintered body and the R2 through a grain boundary; wherein the R1 element is added in a smelting step, and the R2 element is added in a grain boundary diffusion step.
Wherein, the smelting operation and conditions can be a smelting process which is conventional in the art, and elements except R2 in the raw material composition of the NdFeB magnet material are generally smelted and cast by adopting an ingot casting process and a rapid hardening sheet process to obtain alloy sheets.
Wherein the smelting temperature may be 1400-1600 ℃, preferably 1450-1550 ℃, such as 1520 ℃.
Wherein the smelting environment may be a vacuum of 0.05 Pa.
Wherein the smelting equipment is generally an intermediate frequency vacuum smelting furnace, such as an intermediate frequency vacuum induction rapid hardening melt-spinning furnace.
The milling operation and conditions may be conventional milling processes in the art, typically including hydrogen milling and/or air milling.
The hydrogen break-up process typically includes hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling treatments. The temperature of the hydrogen absorption is generally 20-200 ℃. The dehydrogenation temperature is generally 400 to 650 ℃, preferably 500 to 550 ℃. The pressure of the hydrogen absorption is generally 50 to 600kPa, preferably 300 to 500kPa.
The air-jet milling is generally carried out under conditions of 0.1 to 2MPa, preferably 0.5 to 0.7MPa (e.g., 0.6 MPa). The gas flow in the gas flow milling powder can be nitrogen, for example. The air flow milling time can be 2-4 hours (e.g. 3 hours).
Wherein the shaping operations and conditions may be conventional shaping processes in the art. Such as magnetic field shaping. The magnetic field strength of the magnetic field forming method is generally more than 1.5T.
Wherein the sintering operation and conditions may be conventional sintering processes in the art, such as vacuum sintering processes and/or inertAnd (5) an atmosphere sintering process. The vacuum sintering process or the inert atmosphere sintering process is a conventional operation in the art. When an inert atmosphere sintering process is employed, the sintering initiation stage may be performed at a vacuum level of less than 5X 10 -1 Under Pa. The inert atmosphere may be an inert gas-containing atmosphere conventional in the art, such as helium, argon.
Wherein the sintering temperature may be 1000 to 1200 ℃, preferably 1050 to 1100 ℃, e.g. 1080 ℃.
Wherein the sintering time may be 0.5 to 10 hours, preferably 3 to 6 hours, for example 6 hours.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the coating operation of R2 is also typically included prior to the grain boundary diffusion.
Wherein the operation and conditions of the grain boundary diffusion treatment may be a grain boundary diffusion process conventional in the art.
Wherein the temperature of the grain boundary diffusion may be 800 to 1000 ℃, for example 900 ℃.
Wherein, the time of the grain boundary diffusion can be 5 to 20 hours, preferably 10 to 15 hours.
After the grain boundary diffusion, a low temperature tempering treatment is also performed as is conventional in the art. The temperature of the low temperature tempering treatment is generally 460-560 ℃. The low temperature tempering time can be generally 1 to 5 hours.
Those skilled in the art know that, since rare earth elements are generally lost in the smelting and sintering processes, in order to ensure the quality of the final product, 0 to 0.3wt% of rare earth element (typically Nd element) is generally additionally added to the formulation base of the raw material composition during the smelting process, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the content of the additionally added rare earth element in the total content of the raw material composition; in addition, the content of the additional rare earth element is not included in the category of the raw material composition.
The invention also provides a neodymium-iron-boron magnet material prepared by the preparation method of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
The invention also provides a neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, which comprises the following components in mass content:
r:29.0 to 32.0 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises R1 and R2, and R1 comprises at least one of Nd, pr, dy, tb; the content of Nd is not less than 28wt%, and the content of Pr is not more than 0.5wt%; the R2 comprises Dy and/or Tb, and the content of the R2 is 0.1-0.8wt%;
Ga：＜0.05wt％；
Cu：0.16wt％～0.40wt％
B：0.96wt％～1.10wt％；
Al：≤0.1wt％；
Fe：66.0wt％～70.0wt％；
0＜RH/R<6.9％；
RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and/or Tb;
% is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material;
the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho;
the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material;
the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 And the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular area is 0.34-0.48%.
In the present invention, R1 is generally a rare earth metal for smelting.
In the present invention, R2 is generally a rare earth metal for grain boundary diffusion.
In the present invention, the heavy rare earth element in R1 is generally distributed in Nd 2 Fe l4 And B grains.
In the invention, R2 is mainly distributed in the shell layer, the two-grain crystal boundary and the crystal boundary triangular area.
In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of C and O in the grain boundary triangle is preferably 0.35 to 0.46%, more preferably 0.37 to 0.45%, 0.36 to 0.43% or 0.4 to 0.42%, for example, 0.4%, 0.38%, 0.39%, 0.44%, 0.42%, 0.40%, 0.43%, 0.38%, 0.41%, 0.37%, 0.38%, 0.36%, 0.43%, 0.42%, 0.40% or 0.39%, the ratio of the mass of C and O in the grain boundary triangle to the total mass of all elements in the grain boundary.
In the present invention, the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is preferably 2.20 to 3.10%, more preferably 2.30 to 3.00%, 2.40 to 2.90%, 2.43 to 2.88%, or 2.55 to 2.68%, for example, 2.45%, 2.54%, 2.66%, 2.58%, 2.55%, 2.68%, 2.64%, 2.43%, 2.88%, 2.71%, 2.47%, 2.50%, 2.43%, 2.45%, or 2.44%.
In the present invention, the area ratio of the two-grain boundary is preferably 2.10 to 2.80%, more preferably 2.20 to 2.70%, 2.30 to 2.60%, 2.31 to 2.78%, or 2.36 to 2.41%, for example, 2.55%, 2.49%, 2.44%, 2.46%, 2.41%, 2.36%, 2.56%, 2.52%, 2.31%, 2.78%, 2.45%, 2.43%, 2.52%, 2.56%, 2.55%, or 2.54%.
In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of C and O in the two-grain boundary is preferably 0.18 to 0.32%, more preferably 0.20 to 0.30%, 0.21 to 0.29%, 0.22 to 0.29% or 0.21 to 0.28%, for example, 0.29%, 0.24%, 0.27%, 0.25%, 0.28%, 0.21%, 0.24%, 0.28%, 0.26%, 0.22%, 0.28%, 0.29%, 0.27%, 0.28%, 0.29% or 0.27%, the ratio of the mass of C and O in the two-grain boundary to the total mass of all elements in the grain boundary.
In the invention, the heavy rare earth element in R1 is mainly distributed in Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains "can be understood as the major distribution (typically 95wt% or more) of heavy rare earth elements in R1 in Nd caused by the conventional smelting sintering process in the art 2 Fe l4 And B grains, wherein a small amount of grains are distributed at grain boundaries. "R2 is predominantly distributed in the shell" is understood to mean that R2 caused by conventional grain boundary diffusion processes in the art is predominantly distributed (typically 95wt% or more) in Nd 2 Fe l4 B the shell and grain boundaries (two grain boundaries and grain boundary triangular regions) of the grains, a small portion also diffuses into Nd 2 Fe l4 In B grains, e.g. in Nd 2 Fe l4 The outer edge of the B crystal grain.
In the present invention, the grain boundary triangular region generally means a region where three or more grain boundary phases intersect, and is distributed with a B-rich phase, a rare earth oxide, a rare earth carbide, and a void. The area ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is calculated by the ratio of the area of the grain boundary triangular area to the total area of crystal grains and grain boundaries.
In the invention, the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is subtracted from the area ratio of the grain boundary area, namely the area ratio of the grain boundary of two grains.
In the present invention, it is known to those skilled in the art that C, O element is usually present in the form of rare earth carbide and rare earth oxide in the grain boundary phase, and thus "mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region" and "mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary" correspond to the hetero-phase rare earth carbide and rare earth oxide, respectively.
Among them, rare earth oxides and rare earth carbides are mainly produced by C, O elements introduced in the preparation process. Because of the high rare earth content of the grain boundaries, C, O is generally more distributed in the grain boundaries in the magnet material and exists in the form of rare earth carbide and rare earth oxide, respectively. It should be noted that: C. the O element is introduced in a conventional manner in the art, generally, impurities are introduced or an atmosphere is introduced, specifically, for example, during the air flow grinding and pressing process, additives are introduced, and during sintering, the additives are subjected to removal treatment by heating, but a small amount of C, O element residues are unavoidable; for another example, a small amount of O element is inevitably introduced due to the atmosphere in the manufacturing process. In the invention, the C, O content in the detected neodymium iron boron magnet material product is only 1000ppm and below 1200ppm respectively, which belongs to the category of acceptable impurities conventional in the field, and therefore, the product element statistical table is not included.
In the present invention, the content of R is preferably 29.3 to 31.5wt%, such as 29.42wt%, 29.5wt%, 29.55wt%, 29.6wt%, 29.9wt%, 30.2wt%, 30.5wt%, 30.8wt%, 31.02wt%, 31.1wt% or 31.5wt%, more preferably 29.8 to 30.8wt%, such as 30.22wt%, 30.61wt%, 30.45wt%, 30.51wt%, 30.48wt%, 30.4wt%, 30.41wt%, 30.43wt% or 30.2wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of R to the total mass of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of R1 may be 29.0 to 31.5wt%, for example 29.0wt%, 29.1wt%, for example 29.8wt%, 30.2wt%, 30.6wt% or 30.0wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of R1 to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Nd is preferably 27.0 to 30.0wt%, for example 27.5wt%, 27.6wt%, 28.3wt%, 28.40wt%, 28.7wt%, 29.5wt% or 30.0wt%, more preferably 28.5 to 29.5wt%, for example 29.1wt%, 29.2wt% or 29.00wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Nd to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Pr is preferably 0.4wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.1wt% or 0.05wt%, more preferably not more than 0.3wt%, but not 0wt%, of the mass of Pr to the total mass of the raw material composition of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, preferably, the R1 further includes Dy or Tb, for example, the R1 includes Nd and Dy, or the R1 includes Nd and Tb, or the R1 includes Nd, pr and Dy.
When the R1 contains Dy, the Dy content is preferably 1.6wt% or less, but not 0, for example, 0.25wt%, 1.4wt% or 1.5wt%, more preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%, for example, 0.4wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.8wt%, 1.00wt% or 1.1wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the Dy mass to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
When the R1 contains Tb, the content of Tb is preferably 1.5wt% or less, but not 0, for example, 0.25wt%, 1.4wt% or 1.5wt%, more preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%, for example, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.8wt%, 0.9wt%, 1wt% or 1.1wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Tb to the total mass of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of R2 is preferably 0.2 to 0.7wt%, for example 0.51wt%, 0.6wt% or 0.65wt%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5wt%, for example 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.41wt%, 0.42wt%, 0.45wt%, 0.43wt%, 0.4wt% or 0.48wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of R2 to the total mass of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Ga is preferably 0 to 0.04wt%, for example, 0.0wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.02wt%, 0.03wt%, or 0.04wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Ga to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Cu is preferably 0.16 to 0.35wt%, for example 0.16wt%, 0.20wt% or 0.35wt%, more preferably 0.25 to 0.35wt%, for example 0.25wt%, 0.26wt%, 0.29wt%, 0.31wt%, 0.30wt%, 0.27wt%, 0.28wt%, 0.32wt%, 0.33wt% or 0.34wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Cu to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the mode of adding Cu preferably includes addition at the time of melting and/or addition at the time of grain boundary diffusion. When the Cu is added at the time of grain boundary diffusion, the content of the Cu added at the time of grain boundary diffusion is preferably 0.03 to 0.10wt%, for example, 0.05wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of the Cu to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of B is preferably 0.97 to 1.05wt%, more preferably 0.98 to 1.02wt%, for example 0.99wt%, 1.00wt% or 1.01wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of B to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Al is preferably 0.08wt% or less, but not 0, more preferably 0.03 to 0.07wt%, for example, 0.04wt%, 0.05wt% or 0.06wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Al to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material may generally further include Co. The Co content may be 0.15 to 2.0wt%, preferably 0.30 to 0.84wt%, for example 0.30wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.66wt%, 0.76wt%, 0.69wt%, 0.68wt%, 0.72wt%, 0.75wt%, 0.78wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.84wt%, 1.50wt%, or 2.0wt%, wt% being the percentage of the mass of Co to the total mass of the NdFeB magnet material.
In the present invention, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material may generally further include Ti. The Ti content may be 0.10 to 0.25wt%, preferably 0.17 to 0.23wt%, for example 0.18wt%, 0.19wt%, 0.20wt%, 0.21wt% or 0.22wt%, the wt% being the percentage of the mass of Ti to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the content of Fe is preferably 66 to 69.5wt%, for example 66.72wt%, 66.22wt%, 68.32wt%, 67.67wt%, 67.48wt%, 68.24wt%, 68.19wt%, 67.5wt%, 67.52wt%, 67.19wt%, 66.69wt%, 67.32wt%, 67.33wt%, 67.26wt%, 67.71wt%, 67.42wt%, 67.21wt% or 67.63wt%, 68.0wt%, 68.5wt%, 69.0wt% or 69.5wt%, the wt% being a percentage of the mass of Fe to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the RH/R is preferably 2.0 to 6.2% by mass, for example, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.3%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.2%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0% or 6.2%.
In the invention, one or more of C, N and O elements can be further included in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
When the element C is included in the NdFeB magnet material, the content of C may be 300 to 1500. Mu.g/g, preferably 400 to 1000. Mu.g/g, for example 728. Mu.g/g, 592. Mu.g/g, 672. Mu.g/g or 677. Mu.g/g, the mass ratio of the mass of the element C to the total mass of the NdFeB magnet material.
When the N element is included in the NdFeB magnet material, the content of N may be 100 to 1000. Mu.g/g, preferably 200 to 600. Mu.g/g, for example 267. Mu.g/g, 278. Mu.g/g, 349. Mu.g/g or 345. Mu.g/g, the. Mu.g/g being the mass ratio of the mass of the N element to the total mass of the NdFeB magnet material.
When the element O is included in the neodymium iron boron magnet material, the content of O may be 300 to 1600. Mu.g/g, for example 1500. Mu.g/g, preferably 400 to 1400. Mu.g/g, for example 919.6. Mu.g/g, 1022.2. Mu.g/g, 1300. Mu.g/g, 1344. Mu.g/g or 677. Mu.g/g, the. Mu.g/g being the mass ratio of the mass of the element O to the total mass of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
In the present invention, the heavy rare earth RH content of the grain boundary gradually decreases from the NdFeB magnet surface layer toward the core in the diffusion direction, and the variation value of the heavy rare earth RH content of the grain boundary from the magnet surface layer to the position 200 μm from the surface layer is less than 0.16wt%, for example, 0.14wt%, preferably less than 0.13wt%, for example, 0.13wt%, 0.11wt%, 0.12wt%, 0.10wt%, 0.08wt%, 0.06wt% or 0.04wt%, wherein the grain boundary includes the sum of both the grain boundary triangle and the two-grain boundary.
In the invention, the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer to the 200 mu m position of the core of the NdFeB magnet is defined as: and testing the average value of the RH content of the heavy rare earth of the grain boundary every 20 mu m of the area region from the surface layer of the magnet to the position with the depth of 200 mu m along the diffusion direction, wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the 10 data is the RH variation value, and the RH variation value is an absolute value.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r: 29.42-31.02 wt%, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.50-30.0 wt%, the content of Dy is 0.6-1.6 wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.2-0.45 wt%; co:0.35 to 2.00 weight percent; cu:0.16 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0 to 0.04wt percent; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.1wt% and Fe: 66.22-68.32, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B crystal grain and shell layer thereof,Adjacent to the Nd 2 Fe l4 And the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular area is 0.36-0.43%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.48 to 30.51 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the Nd content is 29.2 to 29.5 weight percent, and the Tb content is 0.5 to 0.8 weight percent; the R2 comprises Dy, the Dy content is 0.48-0.51 wt%, co:0.35 to 0.78wt percent; cu:0.2 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.07wt% and Fe: 66.69-67.52 wt%, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 And the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular area is 0.4-0.42%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r: 29.42-31.02 wt%, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.50-30.0 wt%, the content of Dy is 0.6-1.6 wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.2-0.45 wt%; co:0.35 to 2.00 weight percent; cu:0.16 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0 to 0.04wt percent; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.1wt% and Fe: 66.22-68.32, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, and the RH is the weight of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet materialThe total mass content of rare earth elements, RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 The area ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.43-2.88%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.31-2.78%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.36-0.43%; the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary of the two grains is 0.22-0.29%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.08-0.13wt%.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.48 to 30.51 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the Nd content is 29.2 to 29.5 weight percent, and the Tb content is 0.5 to 0.8 weight percent; the R2 comprises Dy, the Dy content is 0.48-0.51 wt%, co:0.35 to 0.78wt percent; cu:0.2 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.07wt% and Fe: 66.69-67.52 wt%, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 The area ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.55-2.68%; the area ratio of the two grain boundaries is 2.36-2.41%, and the grain boundary triangleThe mass ratio of C and O in the zone is 0.4-0.42%; the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary of the two grains is 0.21-0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11-0.13wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, the content of Dy is 1.4wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.70wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.52wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.45%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.55%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.40%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.29%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.61wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for melting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.2wt%, the content of Dy is 1.0wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.41wt%; co:0.66wt%; cu:0.29wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%;b:1.00wt%; al:0.07wt% and Fe:67.19wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.6%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.54%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.49%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.38%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.24%; the variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth RHR2 from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.10 weight percent.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:31.02 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 30.0 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 0.6 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.76wt%; cu:0.30wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:66.69wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area occupation ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.66%; area of the grain boundary of the two grains2.44% by weight, and the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region is 0.39%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.27%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.10wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.45wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd, pr and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, the content of Pr is 0.40wt%, and the content of Dy is 0.6wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.69wt%, cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.32wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.4%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area occupation ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.58%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.46%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.44%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.25%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.13wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.51 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the content of Nd is 29.5 wt.%, and the content of Tb is 0.5 wt.%; the R2 comprises Dy, and the Dy content is 0.51wt%; co:0.68wt%; cu:0.26wt%;ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.04wt% and Fe:67.33wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.55%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.41 percent, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.42 percent; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.48wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the content of Nd is 29.2wt% and the content of Tb is 0.80wt%; the R2 comprises Dy, and the Dy content is 0.48wt%; co:0.72wt%; cu:0.27wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.21wt%; b:1.01wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.26wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.2%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component and the total mass of the NdFeB magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.68%; the two partsThe area ratio of grain boundary is 2.36%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular area is 0.40%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.21%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.4wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.00wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.40wt%; co:0.35wt%; cu:0.28wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.21wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.71wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.6%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.64%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.56%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.43%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.24%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.13wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.41wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.00wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.41 weight percent; co:0.75wt%; cu:0.20wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.42wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.6%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.43%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.52%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.38%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.43 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.00 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.43wt%; co:0.78wt%; cu:0.29wt%; ga:0.04wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:1.00wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.21wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.7%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.88 percent; the grain boundary of the two grainsAn area ratio of 2.31%, and a mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region is 0.41%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.26%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.12wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.2wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.00wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.2wt%; co:0.68wt%; cu:0.26wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.63wt% of a neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.0%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.71%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.78%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.37%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.22%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core is 0.08wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:1.50wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%;b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:66.72wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.47%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.45%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.38%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:2.00wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:66.22wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.50 percent; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 243% of C and O in the grain boundary triangular area, wherein the mass ratio of the C to the O is 0.36%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.29%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.10wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:29.42 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.6 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.40 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.32wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.2%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.43%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.52%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.43%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.27%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer to the 200 mu m position of the core part of the NdFeB magnet material is 0.14wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.16wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.67wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component and the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.43%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.56%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.42%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.12wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.40wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.16wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.1wt% and Fe:67.48wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.45%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.55 percent, and the crystalThe mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area is 0.40%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.29%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.12wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in mass content: r:29.55wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.5wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.60wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.19wt% of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.9%, the RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, and the RH comprises Dy and Tb; % is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component to the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 A two-grain boundary of the B crystal grain and a grain boundary triangular area, wherein the area of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.44%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.54%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.39%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.27%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.12wt%.
The invention also provides an application of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material in preparing magnetic steel.
In the present invention, the magnetic steel is preferably 52UH magnetic steel or 54UH magnetic steel.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The invention has the positive progress effects that: according to the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material, through the cooperation among specific contents of various elements, the area of a grain boundary triangular region is reduced, higher compactness is obtained, so that the remanence (Br) of the magnet is improved, meanwhile, the area of a two-particle grain boundary is increased, the diffused heavy rare earth elements R2 are correspondingly and uniformly distributed on the grain boundary and a main phase shell layer, the magnetism isolating effect of the grain boundary is improved, and the coercivity (Hcj) performance of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the distribution of the element CP, C, O, co, tb, fe, dy, nd, cu of the NdFeB magnet obtained in example 1 by FE-EPMA surface scanning.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the RH change values of the grain boundary heavy rare earth at 200 μm from the surface layer to the core of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet of example 1 and comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, were selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specifications.
The components and contents (wt%) of the raw material compositions of the neodymium iron boron magnet materials in each of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
Remarks: in Table 1 "/" means that the element was not contained, i.e., the element content was 0% by weight. RH/R (%) refers to the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the feedstock composition to the total mass of all rare earth elements in the feedstock composition.
Preparation method of NdFeB magnet material in example 1
(1) Smelting and casting processes: according to the formulation shown in Table 1, the prepared raw materials except R2 were placed in a crucible of alumina, vacuum-melted in a high-frequency vacuum melting furnace under vacuum of 0.05Pa and at 1520℃and cast by introducing argon gas into a medium-frequency vacuum induction rapid-hardening melt-spinning furnace, and then alloy was quenched to obtain alloy flakes.
(2) And (3) a hydrogen crushing and pulverizing process: and vacuumizing a hydrogen breaking furnace for placing the quenched alloy at room temperature, then introducing hydrogen with the purity of 99.9% into the hydrogen breaking furnace, maintaining the pressure of the hydrogen at 90kPa, fully absorbing hydrogen, heating while vacuumizing, fully dehydrogenating, cooling, and taking out the crushed powder of the hydrogen breaking furnace. Wherein the temperature of hydrogen absorption is room temperature, and the temperature of dehydrogenation is 550 ℃.
(3) And (3) carrying out airflow grinding and pulverizing: and (3) carrying out jet milling on the hydrogen-broken and crushed powder for 3 hours under the condition that the pressure of a crushing chamber is 0.6MPa in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain fine powder.
(4) The forming process comprises the following steps: shaping the powder after passing through the air flow film in a magnetic field strength of 1.5T or more.
(5) And (3) sintering: and (3) transferring each molded body into a sintering furnace for sintering, and sintering at 1080 ℃ for 6 hours under vacuum of less than 0.5Pa to obtain a sintered body.
(6) Grain boundary diffusion process: after the surface of the sintered body is purified, R2 (Tb alloy or fluoride) is coated on the surface of the sintered body, and is diffused for 10-15 hours at 900 ℃, then cooled to room temperature, and is subjected to low-temperature tempering treatment for 1-5 hours at 460-560 ℃.
3. Component measurement: the neodymium iron boron magnet materials in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured using a high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The test results are shown in table 1 below.
The preparation processes of examples 2 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were the same as that of example 1, except that the formulation of the raw material composition was different.
Wherein R2 in the grain boundary diffusion of step (6) in examples 1 to 4, 7 to 16, and comparative examples 1 to 11 is generally an alloy, oxide or fluoride of Tb; in examples 5 to 6, R2 in the grain boundary diffusion in step (6) is an alloy, oxide or fluoride of Dy.
The final neodymium-iron-boron magnet material contains Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 Two grain boundaries and a grain boundary triangular region of the B crystal grain, wherein the heavy rare earth element in R1 is distributed in Nd 2 Fe l4 And B crystal grains, wherein R2 is mainly distributed in the shell layer, the two-grain crystal boundary and the crystal boundary triangular area.
"the heavy rare earth element in R1 is mainly distributed in Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains "can be understood as the major distribution (typically 95wt% or more) of heavy rare earth elements in R1 in Nd caused by the conventional smelting sintering process in the art 2 Fe l4 And B grains, wherein a small amount of grains are distributed at grain boundaries. "R2 is predominantly distributed in the shell" is understood to mean that R2 caused by conventional grain boundary diffusion processes in the art is predominantly distributed (typically 95wt% or more) in Nd 2 Fe l4 B the shell and grain boundaries (two grain boundaries and grain boundary triangular regions) of the grains, a small portion also diffuses into Nd 2 Fe l4 In B grains, e.g. in Nd 2 Fe l4 The outer edge of the B crystal grain.
The grain boundary triangular region generally refers to a region where three or more grain boundary phases intersect, and is distributed with a B-rich phase, a rare earth oxide, a rare earth carbide, and voids. The area ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is calculated by the ratio of the area of the grain boundary triangular area to the total area of crystal grains and grain boundaries.
The area ratio of the grain boundary is subtracted by the area ratio of the triangular area of the grain boundary, namely the area ratio of the grain boundary of two grains.
Effect example 1
The neodymium-iron-boron magnet materials prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were examined as follows:
1. magnetic performance test: the sintered magnet was subjected to magnetic property detection using a PFM-14 magnetic property measuring instrument from Hirs, UK at a temperature of 20℃to obtain data of remanence (Br), intrinsic coercivity (Hcj) and squareness (Hk/Hcj), and the test results are shown in Table 2 below.
2. FE-EPMA detection: the vertical alignment surface of the neodymium iron boron magnet material was polished and examined by a field emission electron probe microanalyzer (FE-EPMA) (JEOL, 8530F). The area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region and the two-grain boundary, the mass ratio of C, O at the two-grain boundary and the grain boundary triangular region, and the change value of RH in the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the magnet to 200 μm of the core were measured by elemental analysis of EPMA, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the distribution of the element CP, C, O, co, tb, fe, dy, nd, cu of the NdFeB magnet obtained in example 1 by FE-EPMA surface scanning.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the RH change values of the grain boundary heavy rare earth at 200 μm from the surface layer to the core of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet of example 1 and comparative example 2.
TABLE 2
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Remarks: hk/Hcj (%) indicates the squareness of the demagnetization curve, and the value of Q ranges from 0 to 1, and the closer Q is to 1, the closer the demagnetization curve is to the squareness.
The RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer to the 200 μm core of the NdFeB magnet is defined as: and testing the average value of the RH content of the heavy rare earth of the grain boundary every 20 mu m in the area region from the surface layer of the magnet to the position with the depth of 200 mu m along the diffusion direction, wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in 10 data is the RH variation value. The value is an absolute value.
Since the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region is reduced, the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary area ratio is increased, resulting in a reduction in the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region, an increase in the two-grain boundary area ratio, indicating that the R content of the two-grain boundary is also more, and a decrease in the grain boundary RH variation value from the surface layer of the magnet to the 200 μm position of the core, indicating that RH of grain boundary diffusion is more distributed in the two-grain boundary, both of which are mutually evidence.
As can be seen from table 2 above: the coercivity of the prepared neodymium-iron-boron magnet material is obviously improved compared with the coercivity of the prior art under the condition of controlling addition of a small amount of Pr, al and Cu, and the remanence and squareness are kept at higher levels.
According to the conclusion that the difference of "the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region" minus "the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary of two grains" in examples 1 to 16 is smaller than that in comparative examples 1 to 11, the decrease in the area of the grain boundary triangular region and the increase in the area of the grain boundary of two grains can be confirmed. Compared with comparative examples 1-11, the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region of the neodymium iron boron magnet material provided by the invention is reduced, so that the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is reduced, the area ratio of two grain boundaries is increased, and correspondingly, the RH of the diffusion heavy rare earth elements is uniformly distributed in the grain boundary and the main phase shell layer, the RH variation value from the surface layer of the magnet to the 200 mu m position of the core part is reduced, the grain boundary structure is optimized, and the coercive force of the magnet is further improved.
The inventor speculates that the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material provided by the invention reasonably controls the content range of elements such as total rare earth R, cu, al, pr and Ga, effectively reduces the area of a grain boundary triangular region, is beneficial to obtaining higher compactness, thereby improving the residual magnetism Br of the magnet, simultaneously increasing the area of two grain boundaries, being beneficial to improving the uniform distribution of diffusion heavy rare earth RH at the grain boundaries, improving the diffusion effect of the grain boundaries, and improving the coercivity (Hcj) performance of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material.
Claims (10)
1. The raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: r:29.0 to 32.0 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises R1 and R2, and R1 comprises at least one of Nd, pr, dy, tb; the content of Nd is not less than 27wt%, and the content of Pr is not more than 0.5wt%; the R2 comprises Dy and/or Tb, and the content of the R2 is 0.1-0.8wt%;
Ga：＜0.05wt％；
Cu：0.16wt％～0.40wt％；
B：0.96wt％～1.10wt％；
Al：≤0.1wt％；
Fe：66.0wt％～70.0wt％；
0＜RH/R＜6.9％；
RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and/or Tb;
% is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material; the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho;
the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material and the total mass of the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material.
2. The feedstock composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of R is 29.3 to 31.5wt%, preferably 29.8 to 30.8wt%;
and/or the R1 content is 29.0 to 31.5wt%, preferably 29.6 to 31.0wt%;
And/or the Nd content is 27.0-30.0 wt%, preferably 28.5-29.5 wt%;
and/or the Pr content is 0.4wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.1wt% or 0.05wt%, preferably less than or equal to 0.3wt%, but not 0;
and/or, the R1 further comprises Dy or Tb, for example, the R1 comprises Nd and Dy, or the R1 comprises Nd and Tb, or the R1 comprises Nd, pr and Dy;
when R1 contains Dy, the Dy content is 1.6wt% or less but not 0, preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%;
when said R1 contains Tb, the content of said Tb is 1.5wt% or less but not 0, preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%;
and/or the R2 content is 0.2 to 0.7wt%, preferably 0.2 to 0.5wt%;
and/or the Ga is 0-0.04 wt%;
and/or the Cu content is 0.16 to 0.35wt%, preferably 0.25 to 0.35wt%;
and/or the addition mode of the Cu comprises addition during smelting and/or addition during grain boundary diffusion, and when the Cu is added during grain boundary diffusion, the content of the Cu added during grain boundary diffusion is preferably 0.03-0.10 wt%;
and/or the content of B is 0.97 to 1.05wt%, preferably 0.98 to 1.02wt%;
And/or the Al content is 0.08wt% or less, but not 0, preferably 0.03 to 0.07wt%;
and/or the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material further comprises Co, wherein the content of Co is 0.15-2.0 wt%, preferably 0.30-0.84 wt%;
and/or the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material further comprises Ti, wherein the content of the Ti is 0.10-0.25 wt%, preferably 0.17-0.23 wt%;
and/or the content of Fe is 66-69.5wt%;
and/or the mass ratio of RH/R is 2.0-6.2%.
3. The feedstock composition according to claim 1, wherein,
the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r: 29.42-31.02 wt%, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.50-30.0 wt%, the content of Dy is 0.6-1.6 wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.2-0.45 wt%; co:0.35 to 2.00 weight percent; cu:0.16 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0 to 0.04wt percent; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.1wt% and Fe:66.22 to 68.32 weight percent, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 3.3 to 6.2 percent;
Or the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:30.48 to 30.51 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Tb, and the Nd content is 29.2 to 29.5 weight percent; the content of Tb is 0.5-0.8wt%; the R2 comprises Dy, the Dy content is 0.48-0.51 wt%, co:0.35 to 0.78wt percent; cu:0.2 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.07wt% and Fe: 66.69-67.52 wt%, the raw material composition of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%.
4. The feedstock composition according to claim 1, wherein,
the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, the content of Dy is 1.4wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.70wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.52wt% of Gd and Ho are not contained in the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and the RH/R is 6.0%;
Or the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:30.45wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd, pr and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, the content of Pr is 0.40wt%, and the content of Dy is 0.6wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.69wt%, cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.32wt% of a raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 3.4%;
or the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:30.51 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the content of Nd is 29.5 wt.%, and the content of Tb is 0.5 wt.%; the R2 comprises Dy, and the Dy content is 0.51wt%; co:0.68wt%; cu:0.26wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.04wt% and Fe:67.33wt% of a raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 3.3%;
Or the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:30.43 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.00 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.43wt%; co:0.78wt%; cu:0.29wt%; ga:0.04wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:1.00wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.21wt%, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 4.7%;
or the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:29.42 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.6 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.40 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.32wt%, wherein the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 6.2%;
Or the raw material composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: r:29.55wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.5wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.60wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.19wt% of the neodymium iron boron magnet material, wherein the raw material composition does not contain Gd and Ho, and the RH/R is 6.9%.
5. A method for preparing a neodymium iron boron magnet material, which is characterized in that the neodymium iron boron magnet material is prepared by adopting the raw material composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting, pulverizing, forming and sintering the elements except R2 in the raw material composition according to any one of claims 1-4 to obtain a sintered body, and diffusing the mixture of the sintered body and the R2 through a grain boundary;
wherein, R1 is added in a smelting step, and R2 is added in a grain boundary diffusion step.
6. A neodymium iron boron magnet material, characterized in that it is produced by the production method according to claim 5.
7. The neodymium-iron-boron magnet material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
r:29.0 to 32.0 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises R1 and R2, and R1 comprises at least one of Nd, pr, dy, tb; the content of Nd is not less than 27wt%, and the content of Pr is not more than 0.5wt%;
Ga：＜0.05wt％；
Cu：0.16wt％～0.40wt％
B：0.96wt％～1.10wt％；
Al：≤0.1wt％；
Fe：66.0wt％～70.0wt％；
0＜RH/R<6.9％；
RH is the total mass content of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium iron boron magnet material, and RH comprises Dy and/or Tb;
% is the percentage of the total mass of heavy rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of all rare earth elements in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material;
the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho;
the weight percent is the percentage of the mass of each component in the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material and the total mass of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material;
the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises Nd 2 Fe l4 B grains and their shell layer adjacent to said Nd 2 Fe l4 And the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular area is 0.34-0.48%.
8. A neodymium-iron-boron magnet material according to claim 7,
the heavy rare earth element in R1 is distributed in Nd 2 Fe l4 A B grain;
and/or, the R2 is mainly distributed in the shell layer, the two-grain crystal boundary and the crystal boundary triangular area;
And/or the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary triangular region is 0.35-0.46%, preferably 0.37-0.45%, 0.36-0.43% or 0.4-0.42%;
and/or the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular area is 2.20-3.10%, preferably 2.30-3.00%, 2.40-2.90%, 2.43-2.88% or 2.55-2.68%;
and/or the area ratio of the two grain boundaries is 2.10-2.80%, preferably 2.20-2.70%, 2.30-2.60%, 2.31-2.78% or 2.36-2.41%;
and/or the mass ratio of C and O in the two grain boundaries is 0.18-0.32%, preferably 0.20-0.30%, 0.21-0.29%, 0.22-0.29% or 0.21-0.28%;
and/or the R content is 29.3 to 31.5wt%, preferably 29.8 to 30.8wt%;
and/or the R1 content is 29.0 to 31.5wt%, preferably 29.6 to 31.0wt%;
and/or the Nd content is 27.0-30.0 wt%, preferably 28.5-29.5 wt%;
and/or the Pr content is 0.4wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.25wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.1wt% or 0.05wt%, preferably less than or equal to 0.3wt%, but not 0;
and/or, the R1 further comprises Dy or Tb, for example, the R1 comprises Nd and Dy, or the R1 comprises Nd and Tb, or the R1 comprises Nd, pr and Dy;
When R1 contains Dy, the Dy content is 1.6wt% or less but not 0, preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%;
when said R1 contains Tb, the content of said Tb is 1.5wt% or less but not 0, preferably 0.3 to 1.2wt%;
and/or the R2 content is 0.2 to 0.7wt%, preferably 0.2 to 0.5wt%;
and/or the Ga is 0-0.04 wt%;
and/or the Cu content is 0.16 to 0.35wt%, preferably 0.25 to 0.35wt%;
and/or the addition mode of the Cu comprises addition during smelting and/or addition during grain boundary diffusion, and when the Cu is added during grain boundary diffusion, the content of the Cu added during grain boundary diffusion is preferably 0.03-0.10 wt%;
and/or the content of B is 0.97 to 1.05wt%, preferably 0.98 to 1.02wt%;
and/or the Al content is 0.08wt% or less, but not 0, preferably 0.03 to 0.07wt%;
and/or the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material further comprises Co, wherein the content of the Co is 0.15-2.0 wt%, preferably 0.30-0.84 wt%;
and/or the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material further comprises Ti, wherein the content of the Ti is 0.10-0.25 wt%, preferably 0.17-0.23 wt%;
And/or the content of Fe is 66-69.5wt%;
and/or the mass ratio of RH/R is 2.0-6.2%;
and/or, the neodymium iron boron magnet material also comprises one or more of C, N and O elements;
when the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises C element, the content of C is 300-1500 mug/g, preferably 400-1000 mug/g;
when the NdFeB magnet material comprises N element, the content of N is 100-1000 mug/g, preferably 200-600 mug/g;
when the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises O element, the content of O is 300-1600 mug/g, preferably 400-1400 mug/g;
and/or the rare earth R2 content of diffusion-induced is gradually reduced from the magnet surface layer toward the core in the diffusion direction, and the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the magnet surface layer to the position 200 μm from the surface layer is less than 0.16wt%, preferably less than 0.13wt%.
9. A neodymium-iron-boron magnet material according to claim 7 or 8,
the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r: 29.42-31.02 wt%, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.50-30.0 wt%, the content of Dy is 0.6-1.6 wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.2-0.45 wt%; co:0.35 to 2.00 weight percent; cu:0.16 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0 to 0.04wt percent; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.1wt% and Fe: 66.22-68.32, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, and the mass ratio of C and O in a grain boundary triangular region is 0.36-0.43%;
Or, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:30.48 to 30.51 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the Nd content is 29.2 to 29.5 weight percent, and the Tb content is 0.5 to 0.8 weight percent; the R2 comprises Dy, the Dy content is 0.48-0.51 wt%, co:0.35 to 0.78wt percent; cu:0.2 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.07wt% and Fe:66.69 to 67.52 weight percent, wherein the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3 to 6.0 percent, and the mass ratio of C and O in a grain boundary triangular region is 0.4 to 0.42 percent;
preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r: 29.42-31.02 wt%, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.50-30.0 wt%, the content of Dy is 0.6-1.6 wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.2-0.45 wt%; co:0.35 to 2.00 weight percent; cu:0.16 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0 to 0.04wt percent; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.1wt% and Fe: 66.22-68.32%, wherein the neodymium-iron-boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3-6.0%, and the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is 2.43-2.88%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.31-2.78%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.36-0.43%; the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary of the two grains is 0.22-0.29%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.08-0.13 wt%;
Preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:30.48 to 30.51 weight percent, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the Nd content is 29.2 to 29.5 weight percent, and the Tb content is 0.5 to 0.8 weight percent; the R2 comprises Dy, the Dy content is 0.48-0.51 wt%, co:0.35 to 0.78wt percent; cu:0.2 to 0.31 weight percent; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18 to 0.21wt percent; b:0.99 to 1.00 weight percent; al:0.05 to 0.07wt% and Fe:66.69 to 67.52 weight percent, wherein the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3 to 6.0 percent, and the area ratio of a grain boundary triangular region is 2.55 to 2.68 percent; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.36-2.41%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.4-0.42%; the mass ratio of C and O in the grain boundary of the two grains is 0.21-0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11-0.13 wt%;
preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:30.22wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 28.4wt%, the content of Dy is 1.4wt%, R2 comprises Tb, and the content of Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.70wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.52wt% of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.0%, and the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is 2.45%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.55%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.40%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.29%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%;
Preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:30.45wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd, pr and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0wt%, the content of Pr is 0.40wt%, and the content of Dy is 0.6wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.69wt%, cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.18wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:67.32wt% of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.8%, and the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is 2.58%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.46%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.44%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.25%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.13wt%;
preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:30.51 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Tb, wherein the content of Nd is 29.5 wt.%, and the content of Tb is 0.5 wt.%; the R2 comprises Dy, and the Dy content is 0.51wt%; co:0.68wt%; cu:0.26wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.19wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.04wt% and Fe:67.33wt% of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 3.3%, and the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is 2.55%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.41 percent, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.42 percent; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.28%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.11wt%;
Preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:30.43 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 29.0 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.00 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.43wt%; co:0.78wt%; cu:0.29wt%; ga:0.04wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:1.00wt%; al:0.05wt% and Fe:67.21wt%, wherein the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 4.7%, and the area ratio of a grain boundary triangular region is 2.88%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.31%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.41%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.26%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.12wt%;
preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:29.42 wt.%, R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.6 wt.%, and the content of Dy is 1.40 wt.%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.42wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.32wt%, wherein the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.2%, and the area ratio of a grain boundary triangular region is 2.43%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two grains is 2.52%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.43%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.27%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the NdFeB magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.14wt%;
Preferably, the neodymium iron boron magnet material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: r:29.55wt% of a rare earth element, wherein R is a rare earth element, R comprises a rare earth metal R1 for smelting and a rare earth metal R2 for grain boundary diffusion, and R1 comprises Nd and Dy, wherein the content of Nd is 27.5wt%, and the content of Dy is 1.60wt%; the R2 comprises Tb, and the content of the Tb is 0.45wt%; co:0.7wt%; cu:0.31wt%; ga:0wt%; ti:0.20wt%; b:0.99wt%; al:0.06wt% and Fe:68.19wt% of the neodymium iron boron magnet material does not contain Gd and Ho, the RH/R is 6.9%, and the area ratio of the grain boundary triangular region is 2.44%; the area ratio of the grain boundary of the two particles is 2.54%, and the mass ratio of C and O in the triangular area of the grain boundary is 0.39%; the mass ratio of C and O in the two-grain boundary is 0.27%; the RH variation value of the grain boundary heavy rare earth from the surface layer of the neodymium iron boron magnet material to the 200 mu m position of the core part is 0.12wt%.
10. Use of a neodymium iron boron magnet material according to any of claims 6-9 for the preparation of magnetic steel, preferably 52UH magnetic steel or 54UH magnetic steel.
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