Method for releasing and dismantling steel strand stay cable in middle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable-stayed bridge maintenance, in particular to a method for dismantling a steel strand inhaul cable of a large-span cable-stayed bridge, dismantling an old outer sleeve and an old anchor and installing a new cable.
Background
Since the 21 st century, the construction industry of China developed at a high speed, and bridges were widely constructed as important traffic facilities. The cable-stayed bridge is an important bridge type, can realize the span of a larger span, and is thus constructed in a large quantity. However, during the operation of the cable-stayed bridge, the damage such as PE sleeve rupture, serious steel strand corrosion, cable rupture and the like can occur under the action of long-term load and external environment adverse factors of the stay cable to endanger the safety of the bridge.
The steel strand inhaul cable system has the advantages of single hanging cable, tensioning, multiple protection advantages, miniaturized construction machines and the like, and is widely applied to inhaul cables of cable-stayed bridges, external prestressed bundles, suspenders and tie bars, such as a Wuhan two-seven bridge, a Yibin Nanxi Yangjiang bridge, a Tuhu Yangjiang two bridge and the like. Through years of application, the related technology of the steel strand inhaul cable has greatly advanced, but the research on the aspects of steel strand inhaul cable dismantling, steel strand inhaul cable replacement technology and the like is still lacking in China at present.
The construction of the steel strand stay cable is the reverse of the original installation construction. The first step of replacement is to remove the current cable force of the steel strand first, and the elastic elongation delta L of the steel strand under the current cable force is required to be removed when the cable force is removed. During original cable construction, it is necessary to ensure that the back of the anchor has enough length L1, and L1 is greater than DeltaL by a certain length in consideration of tool connection during steel strand replacement. This is an important technical measure concerning whether the steel strand can be replaced conveniently or not later. However, when in practical construction, operators are convenient to operate, the reserved length of the steel strand is not cut according to requirements, the reserved length of the steel strand is cut into a step shape, the reserved length Li of the upper layer of steel strand is smaller than the normal reserved length L1, and even shorter than the elastic elongation delta L under the tensile force of the steel strand, so that the steel strand is difficult to replace in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for releasing and dismantling a steel strand stay cable in the middle, which aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art that the old steel strand is not long enough, the safety risk of operation in a high-altitude tower is high, the construction difficulty is high, the economic applicability is low and the like in the replacement construction of the steel strand stay cable of a large-span cable-stayed bridge.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a method for releasing and dismantling the middle of a steel strand stay cable is characterized in that a method for releasing Zhang Cachu steel strands one by one is adopted to realize cable force releasing of the whole bundle of stay cables.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dismantling an old outer sleeve at a bridge deck, and installing two sets of clamping devices up and down at the bridge deck on a steel strand to be dismantled, wherein the two sets of clamping devices divide the steel strand to be dismantled into an upper section L1, a middle section L2 and a lower section L3;
s2, using tool steel strands to correspondingly penetrate through the two clamping devices and anchor by using clamping pieces, and ensuring that at least one tool steel strand is arranged on the left side and the right side of each steel wire to be dismantled;
s3, synchronously tensioning two tool steel strands of any set of clamping devices by using a jack, anchoring the other set of clamping devices firmly, gradually loosening the middle section L2 of the steel strand to be removed between the two clamping devices by graded tensioning, and cutting the steel strand to be removed by selecting a proper position in the length of the middle section L2 after the cable force of the middle section L2 is loosened;
s4, after cutting of the middle section L2 steel strands of the two clamping devices is completed, 2 jacks return oil, the steel strands to be removed at the upper section L1 and the lower section L3 outside the clamping devices are gradually loosened, cutting ends of the upper section L1 and the lower section L3 are lifted by using a crane, an anchor at the end of a inhaul cable tower and an anchor clamping piece at the end of a beam are removed, and the crane is used for respectively hanging an upper section steel strand rope body and a lower section steel strand rope body;
s5, repeating the steps S1-S4, and removing the steel strands one by one or group by group until all the steel strands of the whole bundle of inhaul cable are removed one by one.
Preferably, the method further comprises: s6, removing the old anchor at the beam end through the automobile crane, and removing the old anchor at the tower end through the winch.
Preferably, the method further comprises: s7, firstly installing a new cable tower end anchor and a beam end anchor, and installing the whole new cable by adopting a method of tensioning and anchoring the steel strands one by one.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the clamping device is provided with at least 3 through axial tapered holes, and comprises at least 1 open tapered hole and at least 2 closed tapered holes, wherein the top surface of the open tapered hole is provided with a through axial notch, and the 2 closed tapered holes are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the open tapered hole; a group of conical clamping pieces are respectively arranged in the 3 conical holes, and the outer wall taper of the conical clamping pieces is consistent with the inner wall taper of the conical holes.
Preferably, the step S1 includes:
s11, sleeving the middle open type conical holes of the 2 bridge deck clamping devices on a steel strand to be dismantled along a notch part, adjusting the angle and the position of the open type anchor block, ensuring that the notch direction is upward, the macroporous direction of the conical hole of one clamping device is upward, the macroporous direction of the conical hole of the other clamping device is downward, and the steel strand is positioned at the center of the conical hole;
s12, the two clamping devices divide the 1 steel strand to be disassembled into an upper section L1, a middle section L2 and a lower section L3.
Preferably, the step S2 includes:
and adjusting the space relative positions of the two clamping devices to ensure that 3 conical anchor holes of the two clamping devices are positioned on 3 parallel lines, wherein the middle opening type conical hole is used for sleeving a steel strand to be dismantled, the left and right sealing conical holes are used for installing tool steel strands, and then a group of conical clamping pieces are respectively installed in the 3 conical holes to compress.
Preferably, the step S3 includes:
s31, synchronously grading and tensioning tool steel strands by using a jack, adopting double-index control of cable force and elongation, and eliminating elastic elongation delta L2 of the middle section L2 of the stay cable to be disassembled by tensioning the tool steel strands at two sides, so as to realize unloading of the cable force of the middle section L2 of the steel strand to be disassembled, and completing cutting of the old steel strand after tensioning to L2;
the determination of the tensioning force needs to consider the original free length between the tensioning work anchors and the stress loss during the connection of the connectors.
Preferably, in step S5, the steel strands are removed one by one in the order of the upper layer to the lower layer.
Preferably, the step S6 further includes cleaning residual mortar in the saddle wire dividing pipe.
Step S7, installing a new inhaul cable, namely firstly installing a tower end anchor and a beam end anchor, and finishing HDPE sleeve on site welding; the first steel strand is penetrated out of the beam end anchorage device and passes through the HDPE sleeve; hoisting the HDPE sleeve and the end part of the steel strand to the tower end for anchoring and mounting through a tower top portal; installing clamping pieces at two ends of a first steel strand, and tensioning to a design value; other steel strand wires are installed and pass through circulation traction system, carry out steel strand wires and pull installation
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
(1) Because the length remained by the steel strand at the anchoring end is generally difficult to meet the length required by tensioning during the later cable replacement after the steel strand is tensioned, anchored and grouted in the installation and construction process of the steel strand stay cable. The method utilizes two clamping devices to release the cable force of the steel strand to be disassembled in the clamping range, can be carried out at any position on the cable body, and is not limited by the residual length of the steel strand at the anchoring end of the original inhaul cable;
(2) The invention can control the maximum stretching force by independently setting the distance between the two clamping devices under the condition of ensuring the stress safety of the original structure, thereby reducing the stretching construction difficulty and risk;
(3) According to the invention, under the condition of ensuring the stress safety of the original structure, 2 tool steel strands are used for replacing the local steel strand inhaul cable to be dismantled, so that the old cable is cut, and the technical problem that the steel strand inhaul cable filled with epoxy mortar in the anti-skid device cannot be replaced is solved;
(4) The method adopts a method of locally releasing Zhang Cachu steel strands one by one to realize the cable force releasing of the whole bundle of inhaul cables, and large-scale tensioning and releasing equipment is not needed, so that the construction space is saved, and the construction cost is also saved;
(5) The invention changes the traditional tower end expanding and dismantling method, greatly reduces the risk of high-altitude operation, has simple and convenient operation, small manual operation intensity, high work efficiency, fast construction progress, safety and reliability and convenient standardized construction.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a clamping device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping device 1-1 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the stay cable removed by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of the construction monolith of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B of the construction block of fig. 3.
In the accompanying drawings:
1-a clamping device; 101-an open anchor block; 102—an open-ended tapered bore; 103-closing the tapered hole; 104—a notch; 105—a tapered clip; 106-clamping device A;107—a clamping device B; 2-tool steel strand; 3, removing the steel strand; 301-upper segment L1;302—middle section L2; 303-lower section L3;4, jack; 5-P type anchor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted in particular that: the technical solutions and technical features provided in the sections including the following description in the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention referred to in the following description are typically only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the implementation, and the implementation process is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-5, the invention provides a method for releasing and dismantling a middle of a steel strand stay cable, which adopts a method for releasing Zhang Cachu steel strands one by one to realize cable force releasing of the whole bundle of stay cables.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, opening a section and removing an old outer sleeve at a bridge deck, and installing two sets of clamping devices 1 up and down at the bridge deck on a steel strand 3 to be removed, wherein an open conical hole 102 is adopted as a middle hole of an anchor plate and is connected with the steel strand 3 to be removed, and the two sets of clamping devices 1 divide the 1 steel strand to be removed into an upper section L1, a middle section L2302 and a lower section L3 303;
s2, arranging 3-hole anchor plates of the upper clamping device 1 and the lower clamping device 1 at a certain distance, correspondingly penetrating through left holes and right holes of the two clamping devices 1 by using two tool steel strands 2, and anchoring by using clamping pieces;
s3, synchronously tensioning two tool steel strands 2 of any set of clamping devices 1 by using 2 jacks 4, anchoring the other set of clamping devices 1 firmly by using a P-type anchor 5, gradually loosening a middle section L2302 of the steel strand 3 to be dismantled between the two clamping devices 1 by graded tensioning, and cutting the steel strand 3 to be dismantled by selecting a proper position in the length of the middle section L2302 after the cable force of the steel strand of the middle section L2302 is loosened;
s4, after cutting the steel strands in the middle section L2302 of the two clamping devices 1, returning oil by 2 jacks, gradually loosening the steel strands 3 to be removed from the upper section L1 and the lower section L3 except the clamping devices 1, lifting the cutting ends of the upper section L1 and the lower section L3 303 by using a crane, removing an anchor at the tower end of a inhaul cable and an anchor clamping piece at the beam end, and respectively lifting the upper section and the lower section of steel strand rope by the crane;
s5, repeating the steps S1-S4, and removing the steel strands one by one until all the steel strands of the whole bundle of inhaul cable are removed one by one.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: further comprises: s6, removing the old anchor at the beam end through the automobile crane, and removing the old anchor at the tower end through the winch.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: further comprises: s7, firstly installing a new cable tower end anchor and a beam end anchor, and installing the whole new cable by adopting a method of tensioning and anchoring the steel strands one by one.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: further comprises: the clamping device 1 is provided with 3 through axial tapered holes, and comprises 1 open tapered hole 102 and 2 closed tapered holes 103, wherein the top surface of the open tapered hole 102 is provided with a through axial notch 104,2 closed tapered holes 103 which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the open tapered hole 102; a group of conical clamping pieces 105 are respectively arranged in the 3 conical holes, and the outer wall taper of the conical clamping pieces 105 is consistent with the inner wall taper of the conical holes. The clamping device 1 is not limited to only being provided with 1 open type taper trousers 102, and two groups of clamping devices 1 can simultaneously replace a plurality of steel strands to be removed, when the plurality of steel strands need to be removed, a plurality of groups of taper holes are arranged on the clamping device 1 according to the positions of the steel wires to be removed, and each group of taper holes is provided with 1 open type taper hole 102 and 2 closed taper holes 103.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: the step S1 includes:
s11, sleeving the middle opening type taper holes 102 of the 2 bridge deck clamping devices 1 on a steel strand to be dismantled along the notch 104, adjusting the angle and the position of the opening type anchor block 101, ensuring that the direction of the notch 104 is upward (measures can be taken to temporarily seal the notch 104 in addition), wherein the direction of the large hole of the taper hole of one clamping device A106 is upward, the direction of the large hole of the taper hole of the other clamping device B107 is downward, and the steel strand is positioned in the center of the taper hole; installing the conical clamping piece 105 for compaction, and ensuring that the clamping force generated by the conical clamping piece is not smaller than the cable force of the steel strand;
s12, the two clamping devices 1 divide 1 steel strand to be disassembled into an upper section L1, a middle section L2302 and a lower section L3 303, wherein the distance L2 between the two clamping devices 1 is not too long, otherwise, the tensile force required for eliminating the elastic elongation delta L2 of the middle section L2302 of the inhaul cable to be disassembled is increased, and the safe operation is not facilitated;
the technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: the step S2 includes:
the spatial relative positions of the upper clamping device A106 and the lower clamping device B107 are adjusted so that the 3 conical anchor holes of the two clamping devices 1 are all positioned on 3 parallel lines, wherein the middle opening type conical hole 102 is used for sleeving a steel strand to be dismantled, the left and right closing type conical holes 103 are used for installing tool steel strands 2, and then a group of conical clamping pieces 105 are respectively installed in the 3 conical holes to be pressed.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: the step S3 includes:
s31, synchronously grading and tensioning tool steel strands 2 by using a jack 4, and adopting double-index control of cable force and elongation, wherein the purpose is to eliminate elastic elongation delta L2 of a middle section L2302 of a cable to be disassembled by tensioning the tool steel strands 2 at two sides, realize unloading of cable force of the middle section L2302 of the cable to be disassembled, and complete cutting of the old steel strands after tensioning to L2 is loosened;
the method comprises the steps of determining tensioning force, wherein the original free length between tensioning work anchors and stress loss during connector connection are considered, and the tensioning force is increased by overstretching; meanwhile, the bridge deck is monitored, and the bridge deck at the beam end of the inhaul cable is prevented from being deformed too much.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: in step S5, the steel strands are removed one by one in the order from the upper layer to the lower layer.
The technical scheme can also comprise the following technical details so as to better realize the technical effects: step S6 further comprises the step of cleaning residual mortar in the cable saddle wire dividing pipe.
Step S7, installing a new inhaul cable, namely firstly installing a tower end anchor and a beam end anchor, and finishing HDPE sleeve on site welding; the first steel strand is penetrated out of the beam end anchorage device and passes through the HDPE sleeve; hoisting the HDPE sleeve and the end part of the steel strand to the tower end for anchoring and mounting through a tower top portal; installing clamping pieces at two ends of a first steel strand, and tensioning to a design value; and other steel strands are installed through a circulating traction system, and steel strand traction installation is performed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention is suited, and further modifications may be readily made by one skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not to be limited to the particular details and examples shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof.