CN116455674B - User identity information management method based on block chain - Google Patents
User identity information management method based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/083—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
- H04L63/0442—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply asymmetric encryption, i.e. different keys for encryption and decryption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0876—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities based on the identity of the terminal or configuration, e.g. MAC address, hardware or software configuration or device fingerprint
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/40—Network security protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Abstract
The invention provides a user identity information management method based on a blockchain, and belongs to the field of smart cities. The terminal of the Internet of things classifies according to different classification standards: the function classification divides the function classification into sensor nodes, actuator nodes, intermediate nodes, edge nodes and the like; the communication technology classification is divided into WI-FI terminals, zigBee terminals, loRa terminals, NB-loT terminals and the like; the power supply modes are classified into battery power supply terminals, solar power supply terminals, power grid power supply terminals and the like; the application scene classification divides the application scene classification into a household terminal, a medical terminal, an industrial terminal, a traffic terminal and the like, and the internet of things terminals can not finish a safe login process due to the limitation of resources in different aspects. Based on the method, the device and the system, the related services of the server can be safely accessed by the clients of different types.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of smart cities, and particularly relates to a user identity information management method based on a blockchain.
Background
The smart city is a new theory and a new mode for promoting city planning, construction, management and service intelligence by applying new generation information integration technologies such as Internet of things, cloud computing, big data, space geographic information integration and the like. Cities consist of six core systems of different types of networks, infrastructure and environments that relate to the main functions of the city: organization, business, traffic, communication, water, and energy. These systems are not sporadic but rather are linked to each other in a coordinated manner. The city itself is a macroscopic system composed of these systems.
The construction requirement of the smart city is that the application of comprehensive perception, ubiquitous Internet, ubiquitous computing and fusion is realized through the application of new generation information technologies such as the Internet of things and cloud computing represented by mobile technology. Building a smart city is a need to realize sustainable development of cities and development of information technology.
In the prior art, for security, the login process of the client access server of the smart city system is shown in fig. 1, and the principle of user name and password login is as follows:
1. the client initiates a login request to the server, and the server returns a public key;
2. the client encrypts the authentication information by using the public key and sends the authentication information to the server;
3. the server decrypts the authentication information sent by the client by using the private key, and if the authentication information is matched with the client, the login is successful, otherwise, the login fails.
The login process is a proper login method for devices with higher operation capacity such as a PC, a server or a mobile phone.
However, in the smart city field, there are a large number of terminals of the internet of things, and the terminals of the internet of things can be classified according to different classification standards, and the following common classification methods are as follows:
functional classification: according to the functions of the terminal, the terminal can be divided into a sensor node, an actuator node, an intermediate node, an edge node and the like;
classification of communication technology: according to the communication technology used by the terminal, the terminal can be divided into Wi-Fi terminal, zigBee terminal, loRa terminal, NB-IoT terminal and the like;
classifying power supply modes: according to the power supply mode of the terminal, the terminal can be divided into a battery power supply terminal, a solar power supply terminal, a power grid power supply terminal and the like;
application scene classification: the terminal may be classified into a home terminal, a medical terminal, an industrial terminal, a traffic terminal, and the like according to the application scene of the terminal.
The above-mentioned terminals of the internet of things cannot complete the secure login process shown in fig. 1 due to the limitation of resources in different aspects.
Therefore, in the smart city field, there is a need for an identity information management method that can implement differentiation for different types of clients, so as to implement that all the different types of clients can safely access the related services of the server.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for managing identity information, which can implement differentiation for different types of clients, so that the different types of clients can safely access the related services of the server, and specifically includes:
a user identity information management method based on a block chain, wherein an information system is set to be of a 3-layer structure and comprises a cloud service layer, an edge service layer and an end user layer, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing clients into two types, namely a high-resource client and a low-resource client according to the difference of computing resources of each terminal of a terminal user layer;
s2, setting identity information for the client in advance, and setting two information of a device-ID and a password by the high-resource client; when the low-resource client is connected with the edge server of the edge service layer for the first time, the connected edge server sets the following information: device-ID, server-ID, h=hash (device-ID), device-ID is a client ID, server-ID is an ID of an edge server connected to the client, function hash () may be a hash function in the prior art, the client retaining device-ID and H value; the edge server connected with the client reserves a device-ID and a hash (), and the edge server publishes the information of the device-ID and the server-ID through a blockchain;
s3, when the client logs in the application server, connection with a certain edge server is established, and a login request message is sent to the application server, wherein the login request message comprises the client type and the identity information;
s4, after receiving the login request message, the edge server judges the type of the client, if the client is a high-resource client, the edge server requests a public key from an application server of a cloud service layer, after the request is successful, the edge server sends the public key to the client, the client encrypts own identity information by using the public key and sends the identity information to the server through the edge server, the server decrypts the identity information sent by the client by using a private key, if the identity information is matched, the login is successful, otherwise, the process is failed, and the flow is ended;
s5, if the client type is a low-resource client, after receiving the device-ID and the H value, the edge server obtains a server-ID corresponding to the device-ID by inquiring the blockchain, sends an authentication request message to the edge server corresponding to the server-ID, wherein the authentication request message comprises the device-ID, the edge server receiving the authentication request message calculates h=hash (device-ID), feeds the H value back to the edge server sending the authentication request message, and if the H value is matched with the H value, the edge server sending the authentication request message informs the application server of the cloud service layer of allowing the client to log in, otherwise, the process is failed, and the process is ended.
Further, the high-resource client in step S1 includes: the system comprises a PC, a server and a mobile phone; the low-resource client is an Internet of things device with insufficient computing resources.
Furthermore, in step S2, the two information of the device-ID and the password set by the high-resource client are simultaneously mastered by the application server and the client in the cloud service layer.
Further, in step S2, the hash function hash (), the formulas set by different edge servers are different.
Further, in step S2, the hash function hash (), the formulas set by different edge servers for different low-resource clients are different.
Further, in step S3, the login request message includes two fields: the first field is a client type, the second field is client identity information, the client type can be set through a 1bit flag bit, 1 is a high resource client, 0 is a low resource client, and the client identity information is the preset identity information.
The beneficial effects brought by the invention and the prior art are as follows:
the user identity information management method based on the blockchain can realize differentiated identity information management methods for different types of clients, so that the different types of clients can safely access related services of the server.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a client secure login process in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 3-layer structure of an information system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In the smart city field, the information system is set to a 3-layer structure, and a layer of edge servers are further provided between the client and the server, as shown in fig. 2. The intelligent city information system comprises a cloud service layer, an edge service layer and an end user layer, and is interconnected and intercommunicated through the Internet. A user identity information management method based on block chain mainly comprises the following steps:
1. the clients are divided into two types according to the difference of computing resources of the clients, namely, high-resource clients (PC, server, mobile phone and other devices) and low-resource clients (Internet of things devices with insufficient computing resources).
2. Identity information is preset for the client. For the high-resource client, two pieces of information, namely a device-ID and a password, are set, and the information is simultaneously mastered by an application server and the client in the cloud service layer. When the low-resource client is connected with the edge server for the first time, the edge server sets the following information: device-ID, server-ID, h=hash (device-ID); the device-ID is a client ID, the server-ID is an ID of an edge server connected to the client, the function hash () may be a hash function, and then the client is allowed to retain the device-ID and the H value; the edge server connected to the client retains the device-ID and the hash () algorithm, and then the edge server publishes the information of the device-ID and the server-ID through the blockchain (how to publish the information through the blockchain technique belongs to the prior art, and is not described in detail).
3. When a client needs to log on to an application server, a connection with a certain edge server is first established (the edge server is not necessarily the edge server connected for the first time, and when the client has a requirement of transmitting data, a mode of selecting the edge server can be implemented by using a conventional method in the prior art, which belongs to the prior art and is not explained in detail here), and a login request message is sent to the client, where the login request message includes at least two fields: the first field is a client type and the second field is client identity information. The terminal type may be set by a 1bit flag bit, 1 being a high resource client and 0 being a low resource client. When the client is a high-resource client, the identity information is a device-ID and a password; when the client is a low resource client, the identity information is the device-ID and H value.
4. After receiving the login request message, the edge server reads the client type field, if the client type field is 1, step 5 is executed, and if the client type field is 0, step 6 is executed.
5. The edge server requests the public key from the application server, the application server sends the public key to the edge server, the edge server sends the public key to the client, the client encrypts the identity information of the client by using the public key, the client sends the public key to the server through the edge server, the server decrypts the identity information sent by the client by using the private key, the login is successful if the public key is matched, otherwise the public key is failed, and the process is ended.
6. After receiving the device-ID and the H value, the edge server obtains a server-ID corresponding to the device-ID by querying the blockchain network, sends an authentication request message to the edge server corresponding to the server-ID, wherein the message comprises the device-ID, the edge server receiving the authentication request message calculates h=hash (device-ID), feeds back the H value to the edge server sending the authentication request message, and if the H value is matched with the H value, the edge server sending the authentication request message informs the application server to allow the client to log in, otherwise, the client fails.
Specific application examples are as follows:
the client of the smart city system is provided with a PC, a power grid power supply terminal and the like, wherein the PC is a high-resource client, and the device-ID is zhcsp 1; the power supply terminal of a certain power grid is a low-resource client, and the device-ID is dianwang2.
When a PC logs in an application server, connection with a certain edge server is established firstly, a login request message is sent, the identity information of a client in the login request message is zhcsp 1 and a password, after input is completed, the edge server requests a public key to the application server, after the application server sends the public key to the edge server, the edge server sends the public key to the PC, the PC encrypts the zhcsp 1 and the password by using the public key, the PC sends the encrypted information to a server through the edge server, and the server decrypts the encrypted information sent by the PC by using a private key to obtain the ID of the client: the zhcsp 1 and the password are compared with the device-ID and the password stored in the server, if the matching is successful, the process is ended if the matching is not successful.
When a power grid power supply terminal logs in an application server, connection with a certain edge server is established firstly, a login request message is sent, client identity information in the login request message is a dianwang2 value and an H value, after the edge server receives a device-ID and the H value, the edge server obtains a server-ID corresponding to the dianwang2 by inquiring a blockchain network, an authentication request message is sent to the edge server corresponding to the server-ID, the message comprises the dianwang2, the edge server receiving the authentication request message feeds back H value to the edge server sending the authentication request message by calculating h=hash (dianwang 2), the edge server sending the authentication request message is informed of the application server to allow the client to log in by comparing H and H value if matching, and if failure occurs, the process is ended.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A user identity information management method based on block chain, wherein the information system is set to a 3-layer structure, comprising a cloud service layer, an edge service layer and an end user layer, is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing clients into two types according to the difference of computing resources of each terminal of a user layer of the terminal, wherein the high-resource clients comprise a PC, a server and a mobile phone; the low-resource client comprises Internet of things equipment with insufficient computing resources;
s2, setting identity information for the client in advance, setting two pieces of information of a device-ID and a password by the high-resource client, and simultaneously mastering the two pieces of information of the device-ID and the password set by the high-resource client by an application server and the client in a cloud service layer; when the low-resource client is connected with the edge server of the edge service layer for the first time, the connected edge server sets the following information: device-ID, server-ID, h=hash (device-ID), device-ID is client ID, server-ID is ID of edge server connected to the client, function hash () is hash function, the client retains device-ID and H value; the edge server connected with the client reserves a device-ID and a hash (), and the edge server publishes the information of the device-ID and the server-ID through a blockchain;
s3, when the client logs in the application server, connection with a certain edge server is established, and a login request message is sent to the edge server; the login request message comprises a client type and the identity information;
s4, after receiving the login request message, the edge server judges the type of the client, if the client is a high-resource client, the edge server requests a public key from an application server of a cloud service layer, after the request is successful, the edge server sends the public key to the client, the client encrypts own identity information by using the public key and sends the identity information to the server through the edge server, the server decrypts the identity information sent by the client by using a private key, if the identity information is matched, the login is successful, otherwise, the process is failed, and the flow is ended;
s5, if the client type is a low-resource client, after receiving the device-ID and the H value, the edge server obtains a server-ID corresponding to the device-ID by inquiring the blockchain, sends an authentication request message to the edge server corresponding to the server-ID, wherein the authentication request message comprises the device-ID, the edge server receiving the authentication request message calculates h=hash (device-ID), feeds the H value back to the edge server sending the authentication request message, and if the H value is matched with the H value, the edge server sending the authentication request message informs the application server of the cloud service layer of allowing the client to log in, otherwise, the process is failed, and the process is ended.
2. The blockchain-based user identity information management method of claim 1, wherein the hash function hash () in step S2 is different from formulas set by different edge servers.
3. The blockchain-based user identity information management method of claim 2, wherein the hash function hash (), in step S2, the formulas set by different edge servers for different low-resource clients are all different.
4. The blockchain-based user identity information management method of claim 1, wherein the login request message in step S3 includes two fields: the first field is a client type, the second field is client identity information, the client type is set through a 1bit flag bit, 1 is a high resource client, 0 is a low resource client, and the client identity information is preset in step S2.
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