Produce the method for high purity m-pentadiene by petroleum cracking ethylene by-product C 5 fraction
Technical field
The present invention relates to C 5 fraction, produce the method for C 5 dienes such as m-pentadiene by extracting rectifying by the petroleum cracking ethylene by-product.
Background technology
The a considerable amount of C 5 fractions of by-product are rich in diolefins such as isoprene, cyclopentadiene and m-pentadiene in the process of petroleum cracking system ethene in the C 5 fraction.These diolefin chemical property are active, are the valuable sources of chemical utilization.With the difference on hydrocarbon cracking raw material, cracking severity and the separation degree, diolefin content can be different in the C 5 fraction, total but content between 40-60%.Therefore, separate and utilize C 5 fraction for the economic benefit that improves ethylene unit, the comprehensive utilization petroleum resources have far reaching significance.
The compound that C 5 fraction is close by more than 20 kinds of boiling points, easily form azeotrope is to each other again formed, and therefrom isolating the C 5 diene that purity meets application requiring has higher difficulty, more employing in the prior art be extraction fractional distillation.Selective solvent commonly used has dimethyl formamide (DMF) and acetonitrile, and two some representative commercial runs have been produced thus, disclosed as patent J63101338, J74019245, J74039644, US3510405, US3535260, wherein the DMF method is because the DMF solvent is good to the selectivity of C 5 diene, solubleness is big, be easy to separate with carbon five, low and the little plurality of advantages of toxicity of corrodibility and as if more people accept, as Chinese patent 96116289.9 introduced be exactly a kind of comparatively ideal be the method for solvent extraction rectifying separation C 5 fraction with DMF.
Existing DMF method is separated C 5 fraction and is generally comprised following process:
The material carbon 5 distillate is through hot dimerization reaction and therefrom isolate dicyclopentadiene and other heavy component; With DMF is that solvent carries out extracting rectifying in the presence of stopper, and solvent is by a stripping tower recycling use; Material carries out rectifying, therefrom isolates to contain m-pentadiene and other heavy component; With DMF is solvent further extracting rectifying in the presence of stopper, and solvent is by the stripping tower recycling use; Material obtains highly purified isoprene product after a lightness-removing column carries out rectifying.
Since in three kinds of C 5 dienes the isoprene market development early and be widely used, so general C 5 fraction separation process scheme is only separated utilization isoprene wherein.Along with petrochemical complex, the particularly development of Speciality Petrochemicals, the applied research of m-pentadiene and dicyclopentadiene is also quite successful, its market requirement increases day by day, and therefore the technology of exploitation obtains m-pentadiene and dicyclopentadiene product with removing the further rectifying separation of heavy component material in the flow process in recent years.
In traditional separating technology, m-pentadiene tower product by the extraction of tower bottoms phase, contains plurality of impurities such as dicyclopentadiene, stopper and other polymkeric substance in the product in rectifying, and color and luster is darker.Because the purity of product is not high enough, just can't use in some Application Areas.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the method for being produced C 5 dienes such as m-pentadiene by the C 5 fraction of petroleum cracking ethylene by-product by extracting rectifying is improved, make the m-pentadiene product that finally obtains have higher purity, have the ground defective to overcome prior art.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind ofly produce the method for m-pentadiene by extracting and separating, comprise following process by petroleum cracking ethylene by-product C 5 fraction:
1) the material carbon 5 distillate carries out hot dimerization reaction, make that most of cyclopentadiene dimerization becomes dicyclopentadiene in the C 5 fraction, temperature of reaction is 60~150 ℃, and reaction pressure is 0.5~1.5MPa, and reactant removes dicyclopentadiene and other heavy component through fractionation by distillation then;
2) process 1) material that obtains is that solvent carries out extracting rectifying with the dimethyl formamide in the presence of stopper, the tower internal pressure of extractive distillation column is 0.1~0.3MPa, tower still temperature is 100~140 ℃, reflux ratio is 2~10, and the tower still of extractive distillation column obtains being rich in the solvent material of m-pentadiene and isoprene;
3) process 2) material that obtains separates carbon five and solvent by stripping, and solvent returns the extracting rectifying process and recycles, and cat head obtains carbon five materials;
4) process 3) carbon five materials that obtain carry out rectifying separation in the presence of stopper, the tower internal pressure of rectifying tower is 0.02~0.4MPa, and tower still temperature is 50~100 ℃, and reflux ratio is 10~50, cat head obtains being rich in the material of isoprene, and the tower still obtains being rich in the material of m-pentadiene;
5) process 4) material that obtains being rich in m-pentadiene carries out rectifying separation and removes wherein heavy constituent in the presence of stopper, and the tower internal pressure of rectifying tower is 0.02~0.20MPa, and tower still temperature is 80~130 ℃, and reflux ratio is 1~5;
6) process 5) material that obtains carries out rectifying separation and removes wherein light constituent in the presence of stopper, the tower internal pressure of rectifying tower is 0.02~0.20MPa, tower still temperature is 50~100 ℃, reflux ratio is 20~100, and required m-pentadiene product is by the vapour phase discharging of tower still side line and obtain after condensation.
Said process 4) material that obtains being rich in isoprene can carry out extracting rectifying and the remove light component second time in the presence of stopper, obtains highly purified isoprene product.
In the above-described whole technological process, the stopper that exists the extracting rectifying process of solvent to be adopted in the system can be ONP, oil of mirbane, furfural, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, thanomin or Sodium Nitrite; Do not exist the stopper that each rectifying adopted of solvent can be ONP, tert-butyl catechol, diethyl azanol, the acid of dihydroxyl dihydro cinnamon in the system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that heavy component impurity is few in the m-pentadiene product, improved the color and luster of product greatly.In addition, the stable operation of lightness-removing column, it is little to fluctuate, and has so just improved the yield of m-pentadiene simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the process flow diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
[embodiment]
Shown in accompanying drawing 1, the material carbon 5 distillate at first enters hot dipolymer reactor 1 and carries out hot dimerization reaction, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 80~110 ℃, and reaction pressure is controlled at 1.0~1.5Mpa.Reactant enters weight-removing column 2 with separation removal dicyclopentadiene and other heavy constituent, i.e. tower still material W1.The stage number of weight-removing column is 30~50, and opening for feed is between the 15th~20 block of column plate.Its processing parameter is: tower internal pressure 0.05~0.15MPa, and tower still temperature is 60~150 ℃, reflux ratio is 1~4.
The cat head material and the solvent of weight-removing column enter extractive distillation column 3, carry out extracting rectifying in the presence of the stopper Sodium Nitrite.The stage number of extractive distillation column is 90~140, and opening for feed is between the 50th~60 block of column plate.Its processing parameter is: tower internal pressure 0.1~0.3MPa, and tower still temperature is 100~140 ℃, reflux ratio is 2~10.
Extracting rectifying Tata still material enters stripping tower 4, obtains reclaiming solvent by the tower still, and cat head obtains carbon five materials, and solvent returns extractive distillation column and recycles.The stripping tower stage number is 30~50, and opening for feed is between the 20th~25 block of column plate.Its processing parameter is: tower internal pressure 0.01~0.04MPa, and tower still temperature is 155~170 ℃, reflux ratio is 1~3.
Stripping tower cat head material enters separating rectification tower 5, obtains being rich in the material W2 of m-pentadiene by the tower still, and cat head obtains being rich in the material W3 of isoprene.Separating rectification tower 5 stage number are 120~160, and opening for feed is between the 50th~60 block of column plate.Its processing parameter is: tower internal pressure 0.02~0.4MPa, and tower still temperature is 50~100 ℃, and reflux ratio is 10~50, and stopper is the diethyl azanol.
Owing to also contain the part m-pentadiene among the tower still material W1 of weight-removing column 2, in order to be made full use of, weight-removing column tower still material W1 and separating rectification tower 5 tower still material W2 enter in the lump and take off heavy rectifying tower 6 to remove wherein heavy component such as carbon six and a small amount of dicyclopentadiene.Taking off heavy rectifying tower 6 stage number is 20~30, and opening for feed is between the 10th~20 block of column plate.Its processing parameter is: tower internal pressure 0.1~0.20MPa, and tower still temperature is 80~130 ℃, and reflux ratio is 1~5, and stopper is the diethyl azanol.
Take off heavy rectifying tower 6 cat head materials and enter and take off light rectifying tower 7, remove wherein light component through rectifying separation, required m-pentadiene product is by the vapour phase discharging of tower still side line and obtain after condensation.The stage number of taking off light rectifying tower 7 is 70~100, and opening for feed is between the 30th~50 block of column plate, and discharge port is between the 1st~10 block of column plate.Its processing parameter is: tower internal pressure 0.02~0.20MPa, and tower still temperature is 50~100 ℃, and reflux ratio is 20~100, and stopper is the diethyl azanol.
The overhead product W3 that is obtained by separating rectification tower 5, i.e. chemical grade isoprene product removes wherein cyclopentadiene and alkynes through the second other extractive distillation column and lightness-removing column again, can obtain highly purified polymerization grade isoprene product.
The main material of each operational tower is formed in the flow process:
1, the C 5 fraction raw material is formed (wt.%):
Water 0.00
Total carbon 4 4.52
Iso-pentane 1.98
3-methyl butene-1 4.75
2 Skellysolve As 2.15
Amylene-1 4.26
2-methyl butene-1 4.66
Anti-amylene-2 0.00
Along amylene-2 0.00
Pentadiene-1,4 8.13
2-methyl butene-2 3.17
Pentamethylene 0.90
Isoprene 22.16
Cyclopentenes 3.56
Crotonylene 0.56
Anti-pentadiene-1,3 11.54
Along pentadiene-1,3 6.12
Cyclopentadiene 9.13
Pentyne-1 0.00
Pseudoallyl acetylene 0.08
2-methylpentane 0.00
Hexene-1 2.14
Benzene 2.18
Dicyclopentadiene 9.45
Dimethyl formamide 0.00
Burnt matter 0.00
Dipolymer 0.46
2, weight-removing column 2 tower stills are formed (wt.%):
Water 0.00
Total carbon 4 0.00
Iso-pentane 0.00
3-methyl butene-1 0.00
Skellysolve A 0.00
Amylene-1 0.00
2-methyl butene-1 0.00
Anti-amylene-2 0.00
Along amylene-2 0.00
Pentadiene-1,4 0.09
2-methyl butene-2 0.89
Pentamethylene 1.43
Isoprene 0.00
Cyclopentenes 2.18
Crotonylene 0.00
Anti-pentadiene-1,3 3.25
Along pentadiene-1,3 3.06
Cyclopentadiene 0.83
Pentyne-1 0.00
Pseudoallyl acetylene 0.00
2-methylpentane 0.00
Hexene-1 6.74
Benzene 13.14
Dicyclopentadiene 59.22
Dimethyl formamide 0.00
Burnt matter 0.00
Dipolymer 8.53
3, separating rectification tower 5 tower stills are formed (wt.%):
Water 0.00
Total carbon 4 0.00
Iso-pentane 0.00
3-methyl butene-1 0.00
Skellysolve A 0.00
Amylene-1 0.00
2-methyl butene-1 0.00
Anti-amylene-2 0.00
Along amylene-2 0.00
Pentadiene-1,4 0.00
2-methyl butene-2 0.00
Pentamethylene 3.24
Isoprene 0.16
Cyclopentenes 16.51
Crotonylene 0.00
Anti-pentadiene-1,3 44.70
Along pentadiene-1,3 24.07
Cyclopentadiene 1.27
Pentyne-1 0.00
Pseudoallyl acetylene 0.00
2-methylpentane 0.00
Hexene-1 2.98
Benzene 0.21
Dicyclopentadiene 6.14
Dimethyl formamide 0.00
Burnt matter 0.00
Dipolymer 0.72
4, take off heavy rectifying tower 6 cats head and form (wt.%):
Water 0.00
Total carbon 4 0.30
Iso-pentane 0.11
3-methyl butene-1 0.38
Skellysolve A 0.01
Amylene-1 0.17
2-methyl butene-1 0.08
Anti-amylene-2 0.00
Along amylene-2 0.00
Pentadiene-1,4 0.31
2-methyl butene-2 1.23
Pentamethylene 3.39
Isoprene 0.73
Cyclopentenes 16.66
Crotonylene 0.00
Anti-pentadiene-1,3 46.08
Along pentadiene-1,3 25.57
Cyclopentadiene 2.55
Pentyne-1 0.00
Pseudoallyl acetylene 0.00
2-methylpentane 0.00
Hexene-1 1.41
Benzene 0.25
Dicyclopentadiene 0.00
Dimethyl formamide 0.00
Burnt matter 0.00
Dipolymer 0.77
5, take off light rectifying tower 7 tower still side lines and form (wt.%):
Water 0.00
Total carbon 4 0.00
Iso-pentane 0.00
3-methyl butene-1 0.00
Skellysolve A 0.00
Amylene-1 0.00
2-methyl butene-1 0.00
Anti-amylene-2 0.00
Along amylene-2 0.00
Pentadiene-1,4 0.00
2-methyl butene-2 0.00
Pentamethylene 2.26
Isoprene 0.00
Cyclopentenes 17.33
Crotonylene 0.00
Anti-pentadiene-1,3 47.81
Along pentadiene-1,3 23.93
Cyclopentadiene 0.11
Pentyne-1 0.00
Pseudoallyl acetylene 0.00
2-methylpentane 0.78
Hexene-1 6.36
Benzene 0.73
Dicyclopentadiene 0.14
Dimethyl formamide 0.00
Burnt matter 0.03
Dipolymer 0.52
6, take off light rectifying tower 7 tower stills and form (wt.%):
Water 0.00
Total carbon 0.00
Iso-pentane 0.00
3-methyl butene-1 0.00
Skellysolve A 0.00
Amylene-1 0.00
2-methyl butene-1 0.00
Anti-amylene-2 0.00
Along amylene-2 0.00
Pentadiene-1,4 0.00
2-methyl butene-2 0.00
Pentamethylene 2.17
Isoprene 0.00
Cyclopentenes 14.94
Crotonylene 0.00
Anti-pentadiene-1,3 39.49
Along pentadiene-1,3 20.99
Cyclopentadiene 0.07
Pentyne-1 0.00
Pseudoallyl acetylene 0.00
2-methylpentane 0.67
Hexene-1 9.25
Benzene 1.99
Dicyclopentadiene 9.02
Dimethyl formamide 0.00
Burnt matter 0.29
Dipolymer 1.11
M-pentadiene product quality indicator and yield see Table 1.
[comparative example]
Take off heavy rectifying tower 6 cat head materials and enter and take off light rectifying tower 7, remove wherein light component through rectifying separation, required m-pentadiene product is obtained by the discharging of tower bottoms phase, all the other same embodiment.M-pentadiene product quality indicator and yield see Table 1.
Table 1.
| Comparative example | Embodiment |
M-pentadiene (%) | 68.80 | 75.44 |
CPD+DCPD(%) | 1.97 | 0.46 |
CPD (%) | 0.97 | 0.35 |
DCPD (%) | 1.00 | 0.13 |
Yield (%) | 61.54 | 70.01 |