CN116453732A - High-efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery - Google Patents
High-efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001659 ion-beam spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010921 in-depth analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-NJFSPNSNSA-N Strontium-90 Chemical compound [90Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-YPZZEJLDSA-N americium-241 Chemical compound [241Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-RNFDNDRNSA-N nickel-63 Chemical compound [63Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-NJFSPNSNSA-N promethium-147 Chemical compound [147Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000383 uranium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBWSWBQVYDBVGA-NAHFVJFTSA-N uranium-234;uranium-235;uranium-238 Chemical compound [234U].[235U].[238U] VBWSWBQVYDBVGA-NAHFVJFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
- G21H1/12—Cells using conversion of the radiation into light combined with subsequent photoelectric conversion into electric energy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Abstract
A high-efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery comprises a transparent packaging waveguide, a radioactive isotope source, a radiation-induced fluorescence crystal, a reflecting layer, an optical anti-reflection layer, a photovoltaic unit and an optical coupling layer; the upper and lower surfaces of the crystal are reflective layers, and four side surfaces are polished; the radioactive sources and the crystals are alternately distributed, and the top layer and the bottom layer are scintillation crystals; the transparent packaging waveguide is internally subjected to anti-reflection treatment, and the radiation source and the fluorescent layer are packaged to form a radiation-induced fluorescent component; the photovoltaic unit receives fluorescence emitted from the side face of the radiation-induced fluorescence component, and an optical coupling layer is loaded between the radiation-induced fluorescence component and the photovoltaic unit. The radiation sources and the scintillation crystals are alternately arranged, so that the contact area of the radiation particles and the fluorescent layer is increased, the utilization efficiency of decay particles is improved, the directional emission of photons is realized through the reflecting structure while the decay particles are effectively collected, the light power density emitted from the side surface of the radiation-induced fluorescent component is enhanced, and the conversion efficiency of the radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of miniature energy sources, in particular to a high-efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery.
Background
An isotope battery, also known as a nuclear battery, is a battery device that converts energetic particles or decay heat generated by the decay of a radioisotope source into an electrical output through a transduction component. The energy source has the unique advantages of high energy density, stable energy source, sustainable self-power supply and the like, and has a profound application prospect in the special fields of aerospace, military national defense and the like and extreme environments.
The phenomenon of radiofluorescence generated by the natural radioactive uranium sulfate potassium salt is observed in 3 months henry Libei gram le (Henri Becquerel) in 1896; the feasibility of converting radiant energy into light energy was demonstrated for the first time. In 1957, elgin-Kidde will 147 The Pm source and CdS fluorescent powder are mixed to prepare the self-luminous body, and the self-luminous body is transduced by adopting a Si photovoltaic unit, so that the radiation-induced photovoltaic effect isotope battery is prepared for the first time. The nuclear battery is a nuclear battery with an indirect energy conversion mechanism, energy-carrying particles generated by decay of a radioactive isotope source are irradiated on a fluorescent layer to excite radiation-induced fluorescent photons, and finally the radiation-induced fluorescent photons are collected by a photovoltaic unit to form electrical output.
In 2017, johnny Russo et al, university of Malland, america army laboratory, adopted 63 NiCl 2 InGaP photovoltaic unit coupled with mixed liquid of ZnS: cu and Al fluorescent powder to prepare three-dimensional couplingMode radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery (Russo J, litz M, ray W, et al a radioluminescent nuclear battery using volumetric configuration: 63 Ni solution/ZnS:Cu,Al/InGaP[J]applied Radiation and Isotopes,2017, 130:66-74.) reduces the loss of isotope source energy; in 2021, team Shang Xiao demonstrates the law of influence of the intensity of the radiation-induced fluorescence on the conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic unit (the photovoltaic unit has an incident light intensity threshold value, and when the incident light intensity is lower than the threshold value, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low), and proposes a scheme for improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of a nuclear battery by increasing the energy and activity of a source term (Jiang T, xu Z, meng C, et al in-Depth Analysis of the Internal Energy Conversion of Nuclear Batteries and Radiation Degradation of Key Materials [ J)]Energy Technology,2020,8 (12): 2000667.). The energy conversion efficiency of the current radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery is generally less than 1%, and compared with the theoretically calculated energy conversion efficiency, the energy conversion efficiency has a larger fall.
The radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery developed at present generally adopts a simple three-layer arrangement structure, namely radiation sources, fluorescent layers and photovoltaic units are arranged in sequence, and the disadvantages comprise: the source particles emit on one side, and nearly half of decay particles are not utilized; the particle size of the fluorescent powder material in the fluorescent layer is larger, and besides the absorption of the material, the fluorescent powder material also has a blocking effect on emergent photons; the photovoltaic unit only receives fluorescent photons generated by excitation of isotope sources in unit area, and the emergent optical power density is improved without adopting an optimized condensation technology, so that the photoelectric energy conversion process is hindered. Therefore, the existing radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery has serious energy loss, low transduction efficiency and weak output power, and is difficult to meet the actual electricity demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a high-efficiency radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery, which is prepared by a scintillation crystal surface micro-nano structure, realizes the directional emission of radiation-induced fluorescence photons generated in the crystal from the side surface, and enhances the output optical power density of unit area; the radioactive source and the fluorescent layer are periodically arranged, and the characteristic of random angle emergent of the isotope source decay particles is combined, so that the loss of radiant energy is effectively reduced. The method realizes the improvement of source efficiency, the intensive loading of a large amount of isotope sources and the enhancement of the power density of the radiation-induced fluorescence light, so that the prepared radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery has high transduction efficiency and high output power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery comprises a transparent packaging waveguide, a radioactive isotope source, a radiation-induced fluorescence crystal, a reflecting layer, an optical anti-reflection layer, a photovoltaic unit and an optical coupling layer;
the transparent packaging waveguide is of a hollow hexahedral structure, the optical anti-reflection layers are prepared in the four light emitting surfaces of the transparent packaging waveguide, the reflecting layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal, the radioisotope source and the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal are alternately stacked in the transparent packaging waveguide up and down to form a radiation-induced fluorescence component, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the transparent packaging waveguide are the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal with the reflecting layers; and connecting the radiation-induced fluorescence component with the photovoltaic unit through the optical coupling layer to form the radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery.
The radioisotope source has a thickness of no more than 500 μm and the decay particles are bi-directionally emitted; the radioisotope source includes a solid flake source, a liquid source, or a gel source.
The radiation-induced fluorescence crystal is a hexahedral structure scintillation crystal and is in a sheet shape.
The photon transmittance of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal is not less than 80% at the light-emitting wavelength, the length-width dimension is consistent with that of the radioactive isotope source, and the height is not more than the energy deposition depth of the radioactive isotope source decay particles in the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal.
And the four light-emitting surfaces of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal are subjected to roughness treatment, wherein the roughness treatment comprises at least one of cutting a section, coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing.
The reflecting layer is grown on the surface of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal through magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, ion beam sputtering, atomic layer deposition or molecular beam epitaxy process.
The reflecting layer has a thickness50-100 nm metal film or TiO with thickness less than 1 μm 2 /SiO 2 Multilayer dielectric reflective films of materials.
The transmittance of the transparent package waveguide is not less than 95%.
The thickness of the optical anti-reflection layer is 50 nm-100 mu m.
The quantum efficiency response curve of the photovoltaic unit covers the entire radiance induced fluorescence spectrum.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the coupling mode of the fluorescent layer and the radioactive source is adopted, so that the self-absorption of radiant energy of the source item is reduced, decay particles emitted in all directions are effectively collected, the specific surface area of the radiation-induced fluorescence reaction in unit volume is improved, the loading activity of the source item in unit volume is effectively increased, and the higher energy density of the isotope battery is realized.
2. Micro-nano processing is carried out on the surface of the scintillation crystal to prepare a metal reflecting film with the thickness of hundred nanometers and a micron-level multilayer dielectric film, so that the minimum energy absorption of radiation particles is ensured, and the directional emission of fluorescent photons is realized; and the output optical power density in unit area is greatly improved through multilayer stacking arrangement, so that the radiation-induced fluorescence intensity incident into the photovoltaic unit is higher than the incident light intensity threshold of the photovoltaic unit, and the overall transduction efficiency of the isotope battery is further improved.
3. The radioisotope source item required by the invention has wide types including solid state, liquid state and gel state, so the source item can be collected and obtained through various ways, even including nuclear waste containing radioactivity, and the like, thereby the production cost of the isotope battery is reduced fundamentally.
4. The radiation-induced fluorescence component and the photovoltaic unit are two independent components, can be split and are not interfered with each other, and the use reliability and convenience of the battery are improved; in addition, the radiation-induced fluorescence component can be independently used as a light source with long service life and high reliability.
5. The isotope battery has compact structure, tiny size, safety, reliability and stable performance; higher power output can be realized through a multi-module array integration mode, and wider application is expected in the future.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radiation-induced fluorescence crystal in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional structure of a radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery.
Fig. 5 shows the electrical output of the photovoltaic unit in two configurations.
Reference numerals: 1-a transparent encapsulation waveguide; a source of 2-radioisotope; 3-a radiation-induced fluorescence crystal; a 4-reflective layer; 5-an optical antireflective layer; a 6-photovoltaic unit; 7-an optical coupling layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear and obvious, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery of the present invention comprises a transparent package waveguide 1, a radioisotope source 2, a radiation-induced fluorescence crystal 3, a reflecting layer 4, an optical anti-reflection layer 5, a photovoltaic unit 6 and an optical coupling layer 7;
the transparent packaging waveguide 1 is of a hollow hexahedral structure, the optical anti-reflection layers 5 are prepared in the four light emitting surfaces of the transparent packaging waveguide 1, the reflecting layers 4 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal 3, the radioisotope source 2 and the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal 3 are alternately stacked in the transparent packaging waveguide 1 up and down to form a radiation-induced fluorescence component, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the transparent packaging waveguide 1 are both the reflecting layers 4 of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal 3; the radiation-induced fluorescence component is connected with the photovoltaic unit 5 through the optical coupling layer 7 to form the radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery.
Such radioisotope sources include, but are not limited to, tritium-3, nickel-63, strontium-90, promethium-147, americium-241; the radioisotope source has a thickness of no more than 500 μm and the decay particles are bi-directionally emitted; the radioisotope source adopts a solid flake source, a liquid source or a gel source.
The radiation-induced fluorescence crystal is a hexahedral structure scintillation crystal and is in a sheet shape. Specifically, the radiation-induced fluorescent crystal comprises but is not limited to scintillation crystals of materials such as YAG, ce, GAGG, ce, luAG, pr, LYSO, LSO, BGO, csI, na, csI, tl, naI, tl and the like, and fluorescent layers prepared from ZnS-based common metal and rare earth doped fluorescent materials.
The photon transmittance of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal is not less than 80% at the light-emitting wavelength, the length-width dimension is consistent with that of the radioactive isotope source, and the height is not more than the energy deposition depth of the radioactive isotope source decay particles in the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation-induced fluorescent crystal are respectively provided with a reflecting layer, and the other four light emergent side surfaces are subjected to roughness treatment, including cutting sections, rough grinding, fine grinding, polishing and the like, so that photon emergent can be enhanced.
The reflecting layer grows on the surface of the radiation-induced fluorescent crystal through magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, ion beam sputtering, atomic layer deposition or molecular beam epitaxy and other processes.
The reflecting layer is a metal film of Al, ag, etc. with a thickness of 50-100 nm, or TiO with a thickness of less than 1 μm 2 /SiO 2 Multilayer dielectric reflective films of materials.
The transmittance of the transparent packaging waveguide is not less than 95%, and the transparent packaging waveguide is made of lead-doped, boron-doped and other high-transmittance and radiation-resistant materials, such as quartz glass.
The thickness of the optical anti-reflection layer is 50 nm-100 mu m.
The quantum efficiency response curve of the photovoltaic unit covers the entire radiance-induced fluorescence spectrum, such as: gaAs, si, inP, inGaP, inGaAs, alInP, etc.
The optical coupling layer is made of optical silicone grease or high-transmission gel and the like, and is filled between the photovoltaic unit and the radiation-induced fluorescence component, so that the photon energy loss on a photon transport interface can be reduced.
Example 1
The radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery of the embodiment is prepared by the following method:
1) Selecting a flake YAG Ce scintillation crystal, polishing all six surfaces of the crystal, shielding four side surfaces of the crystal, and sputtering Ag reflecting layers on the upper and lower surfaces respectively in a magnetron sputtering mode, wherein the thickness of the Ag reflecting layers is 50nm, so that good specular reflection is formed;
2) Carrying out fine grinding treatment on the light emergent side surfaces of the four non-sputtered reflecting layers in the scintillation crystal to ensure that the surface roughness of the scintillation crystal is about 2 mu m;
3) Preparing an optical anti-reflection layer inside the transparent encapsulation waveguide by using an ion beam sputtering method;
4) Selecting a radioisotope source with the same sheet-shaped length and width as the scintillation crystal, and alternately placing the radioisotope source and the scintillation crystal in the transparent packaging waveguide, wherein the lowest layer and the uppermost layer in the transparent packaging waveguide are the scintillation crystal, and the internal space of the transparent packaging waveguide is completely filled without movable gaps;
5) Bonding and packaging the transparent packaging waveguide filled with the radioisotope source and the scintillation crystal to form a complete radiation-induced fluorescence component;
6) And attaching the InGaP photovoltaic unit to four light emitting side surfaces of the radiation-induced fluorescence component, filling optical silicone grease in the middle for fixation, and leading out electrode wires of the photovoltaic unit.
The electrode led out from the battery is connected with the electric device or the energy storage capacitor, so that the power supply or the energy storage of the device can be realized.
Comparative example 1
As shown in fig. 4, comparative example 1 is a radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery of a conventional structure, and light received by a unit area photovoltaic unit is emitted from an isotope source excitation unit area scintillation crystal unit area. The scintillation crystal (surface is not provided with a reflecting layer), the radioisotope source and the photovoltaic unit materials used for preparing the battery of comparative example 1 are the same as those of example 1, but are structurally different, and the conventional structure adopts a front light emitting mode.
According to the literature Jiang T, xu Z, meng C, et al in-Depth Analysis of the Internal Energy Conversion of Nuclear Batteries and Radiation Degradation of Key Materials [ J ]. Energy Technology,2020,8 (12): 2000667. The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unit is greatly influenced by the fluorescence emission intensity of the unit area, and the improvement of the overall transduction efficiency of the radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery is further limited. The structure provided by the invention adopts a multilayer close-packed coupling mode of the radioisotope source and the scintillation crystal, the emitting particles of the radioisotope source are excited on the large-size surface of the crystal, and the generated radiation-induced fluorescence is emitted from four small-size side surfaces through the functions of the reflecting layer and the anti-reflection layer. The reaction section of the source item particles and the crystal is increased, the loading activity of the source item is improved, decay particles emitted by the isotope source item at a 4 pi angle are effectively utilized, the utilization efficiency of the source item is enhanced, the emergent optical power density of a unit area in the radiation-induced fluorescence module is improved, and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency is realized.
Experiments test the optical power density of the radiation-induced fluorescence of the traditional structure and the high-efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery provided by the invention and the electrical output parameters of the photovoltaic unit (see table 1). Fig. 5 shows IV curves of the output of the photovoltaic unit tested under two configurations. The structure sizes of the scintillation crystals are 25mm multiplied by 2mm, and the photon incidence surface sizes of the photovoltaic units are 25mm multiplied by 25mm.
As shown in table 1, wherein the light output per unit area of the inventive structure is increased by 77.6% compared to the conventional structure; the enhancement of the radiation-induced fluorescence intensity is most directly reflected on the short-circuit current data of the photovoltaic unit, wherein the short-circuit current is increased by 110%; in addition, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the photovoltaic unit are enhanced by the higher light intensity, and finally, higher output power is realized, wherein the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unit in the traditional structure is only 5.99 percent, and the higher light input on the surface of the photovoltaic unit is realized by the structure of the invention, so that the photoelectric efficiency of the photovoltaic unit reaches 11.2 percent. The same trend in photovoltaic unit efficiency is exhibited as in the above-mentioned documents.
TABLE 1 optical and electrical performance parameters of the conventional structure and the structure output of the present invention
The foregoing and examples of implementation are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and it is not intended that the embodiments of the present disclosure be limited to these descriptions. And a plurality of simple deductions and changes can be made without departing from the concept of the invention, and the invention is regarded as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high efficiency transduction, radiation-induced fluorescent isotope battery characterized by: the device comprises a transparent packaging waveguide, a radioisotope source, a radiation-induced fluorescence crystal, a reflecting layer, an optical anti-reflection layer, a photovoltaic unit and an optical coupling layer;
the transparent packaging waveguide is of a hollow hexahedral structure, the optical anti-reflection layers are prepared in the four light emitting surfaces of the transparent packaging waveguide, the reflecting layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal, the radioisotope source and the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal are alternately stacked in the transparent packaging waveguide up and down to form a radiation-induced fluorescence component, and the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the transparent packaging waveguide are both reflecting layers of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal; and connecting the radiation-induced fluorescence component with the photovoltaic unit through the optical coupling layer to form the radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery.
2. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the radioisotope source has a thickness of no more than 500 μm and the decay particles are bi-directionally emitted; the radioisotope source includes a solid flake source, a liquid source, or a gel source.
3. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal is a hexahedral structure scintillation crystal and is in a sheet shape.
4. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the photon transmittance of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal is not less than 80% at the light-emitting wavelength, the length-width dimension is consistent with that of the radioactive isotope source, and the height is not more than the energy deposition depth of the radioactive isotope source decay particles in the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal.
5. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: and the four light-emitting surfaces of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal are subjected to roughness treatment, wherein the roughness treatment comprises at least one of cutting a section, coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing.
6. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the reflecting layer is grown on the surface of the radiation-induced fluorescence crystal through magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, ion beam sputtering, atomic layer deposition or molecular beam epitaxy process.
7. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the reflecting layer is a metal film with the thickness of 50-100 nm or TiO with the thickness of less than 1 mu m 2 /SiO 2 Multilayer dielectric reflective films of materials.
8. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the transmittance of the transparent package waveguide is not less than 95%.
9. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the thickness of the optical anti-reflection layer is 50 nm-100 mu m.
10. A high efficiency transduction radiation-induced fluorescence isotope battery in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the quantum efficiency response curve of the photovoltaic unit covers the entire radiance induced fluorescence spectrum.
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