CN116443904A - Method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time - Google Patents

Method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116443904A
CN116443904A CN202310432998.1A CN202310432998A CN116443904A CN 116443904 A CN116443904 A CN 116443904A CN 202310432998 A CN202310432998 A CN 202310432998A CN 116443904 A CN116443904 A CN 116443904A
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fly ash
aluminum hydroxide
normal pressure
low temperature
sintering
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张珊珊
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/04Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
    • C01F7/06Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals or waste-like raw materials with alkali hydroxide, e.g. leaching of bauxite according to the Bayer process
    • C01F7/0693Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals or waste-like raw materials with alkali hydroxide, e.g. leaching of bauxite according to the Bayer process from waste-like raw materials, e.g. fly ash or Bayer calcination dust
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/04Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
    • C01F7/14Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
    • C01F7/141Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by neutralisation with an acidic agent
    • C01F7/142Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by neutralisation with an acidic agent with carbon dioxide

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which comprises the following steps: batching, sintering and desilication; wherein the raw materials of the ingredients are prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.36-0.48:0.13-0.18 of fly ash, quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal products. The method provided by the invention not only reduces the dosage of quicklime and the cost of raw materials, but also can realize the conversion of sodium aluminate at a lower sintering temperature, thereby greatly reducing the sintering cost, and the obtained sintered clinker can realize desilication at normal temperature and normal pressure and reduce the production cost. The invention realizes the utilization of the renewable resources of the fly ash, protects the environment, changes waste into valuable, effectively solves the current situation that the fly ash cannot be recycled or the recycling cost is high, and reduces the production cost of the aluminum hydroxide.

Description

Method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of development and utilization of fly ash, in particular to a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time.
Background
Fly ash is the main solid waste produced after coal combustion, and the main components of the fly ash are oxides of aluminum, silicon, iron and the like. A large amount of fly ash is discharged from the thermal power plant every year, and the long-term accumulation of the fly ash has the following harm: the method occupies a large amount of land resources, and harmful elements in the fly ash can permeate into soil and surrounding water under the action of rainwater, so that serious pollution is caused to the soil and the water environment; fly ash dust can pollute the surrounding large-scale sites and air in windy weather. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reduction, harmlessness and recycling of fly ash.
Industry of aluminium hydroxideThe production method mainly adopts the Bayer process. The main processes of the bayer process are: and (3) reacting alkali with alumina to generate soluble sodium aluminate, stirring and decomposing the cooled sodium aluminate solution, and filtering and separating to obtain an aluminum hydroxide product. The Bayer process is carried out by adopting an aluminum-silicon ratio (Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ) High grade aluminum ore more than 7, and raw materials need to be desilicated under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure before sintering, so that the production cost is high and the resource waste is large.
Therefore, the method for extracting the aluminum hydroxide by taking the fly ash as the raw material has important significance for recycling resources and protecting the ecological environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which not only solves the recycling of the fly ash, but also greatly reduces the production cost of the aluminum hydroxide, plays a great role in promoting resource recycling and protecting environment, effectively relieves import dependence on imported bauxite, and protects foreign exchange reserve alloy.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for one-time extraction of aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure, the method comprising the steps of: batching, sintering and desilication; wherein the raw materials of the ingredients are prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.36-0.48:0.13-0.18 of fly ash, quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal products.
The research shows that in the process of proportioning, coal is added to play a role in supporting combustion, so that the balling and sintering are uniform, and the raw material combination reaction is facilitated. The applicant further optimizes the amount of each material in the batching step, and discovers that under the condition of ensuring the recovery rate of aluminum under the mass ratio, the sintering temperature is more favorably reduced, the low-temperature sintering is realized, and the sintering cost is reduced.
In some preferred embodiments, the coal is coal or gangue. The coal is preferably gangue, which is beneficial to further reducing the production cost.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of fly ash, quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue is 1:1:0.44:0.15.
in some preferred embodiments, the sintering is performed at atmospheric pressure, with a sintering temperature of 750-1030 ℃. If the rotary kiln is adopted for sintering, the sintering time is 20min-2h, and if the vertical kiln is adopted for sintering, the sintering time is 2-4h.
In some preferred embodiments, the desilication specifically comprises: cooling the sintered clinker, adding 70-100 ℃ water, stirring, standing for precipitation, collecting an upper liquid phase, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the upper liquid phase for carbonization, filtering, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, filtering again, and drying to obtain the aluminum hydroxide. Wherein the main components of the clinker are sodium aluminate and red mud, and the upper liquid phase is an aqueous solution mainly containing sodium aluminate.
In some preferred embodiments, prior to the step of sintering, the method further comprises: adding water into the mixture after the ingredients, and stirring to prepare balls.
In some preferred embodiments, the water is used in an amount of 2-10% by mass of the mixture; the diameter of the ball is 4-10 cm. The size of the prepared pellets has obvious influence on the recovery rate of aluminum, the pellets are too large to burn thoroughly, the combination is insufficient, the size is too small, aluminum and red mud form silica slag together, the dissolution rate is low, and research and development find that the recovery rate of aluminum can be obviously improved within the size range.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the method provided by the invention not only reduces the dosage of quicklime and the cost of raw materials, but also can realize the conversion of sodium aluminate at a lower sintering temperature, thereby greatly reducing the sintering cost, and the obtained sintered clinker can realize desilication at normal temperature and normal pressure and reduce the production cost.
The invention realizes the utilization of the renewable resources of the fly ash, protects the environment, changes waste into valuable, effectively solves the current situation that the fly ash cannot be recycled or the recycling cost is high, and reduces the production cost of the aluminum hydroxide.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are described in the literature in this field or are carried out in accordance with the product specifications. The reagents or equipment used were conventional products available for purchase by regular vendors without the manufacturer's attention.
In the following examples: the fly ash is from the waste of the power plant, the content of aluminum oxide is 35% -55%, and the content of silicon dioxide is 45% -55%; the coal gangue is from Shanxi and inner Mongolia.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which comprises the following steps:
ball milling is carried out on quick lime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue respectively to obtain powder with the grain diameter of about 200 meshes;
mixing fly ash with ball-milled quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue according to a mass ratio of 1:1:0.44:0.15, mixing evenly, adding 5% of water into the obtained mixture, and stirring to prepare pellets with the diameter of 4-10 cm to obtain raw materials;
sending the obtained raw materials into a rotary kiln, and sintering for 20min at 780 ℃ to obtain clinker;
cooling the obtained clinker to room temperature, adding 70-80 ℃ water, stirring, precipitating, separating supernatant sodium aluminate solution, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the supernatant for carbonization, then entering a filter press to collect solid phase, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, removing sodium carbonate in the solid phase, entering the filter press again, drying, and bagging the obtained aluminum hydroxide after the water reaches the industrial standard. The recovery of aluminum was detected to be 93%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which comprises the following steps:
ball milling is carried out on quick lime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue respectively to obtain powder with the grain diameter of about 200 meshes;
mixing fly ash with ball-milled quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue according to the mass ratio of 0.9:1:0.38:0.18, mixing evenly, adding 8% of water into the obtained mixture, and stirring to prepare pellets with the diameter of 4-10 cm to obtain raw materials;
sending the obtained raw materials into a rotary kiln, and sintering at 850 ℃ for 40min to obtain clinker;
cooling the obtained clinker to room temperature, adding 70-80 ℃ water, stirring, precipitating, separating supernatant sodium aluminate solution, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the supernatant for carbonization, then entering a filter press to collect solid phase, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, removing sodium carbonate in the solid phase, entering the filter press again, drying, and bagging the obtained aluminum hydroxide after the water reaches the industrial standard. The recovery of aluminum was 89% as detected.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which comprises the following steps:
ball milling is carried out on quick lime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue respectively to obtain powder with the grain diameter of about 200 meshes;
mixing fly ash with ball-milled quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue according to a mass ratio of 1:1.1:0.42:0.13, evenly mixing, adding 8% of water into the obtained mixture, and stirring to prepare pellets with the diameter of 4-10 cm to obtain raw materials;
sending the obtained raw materials into a rotary kiln, and sintering for 1h at 780 ℃ to obtain clinker;
cooling the obtained clinker to room temperature, adding 70-80 ℃ water, stirring, precipitating, separating supernatant sodium aluminate solution, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the supernatant for carbonization, then entering a filter press to collect solid phase, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, removing sodium carbonate in the solid phase, entering the filter press again, drying, and bagging the obtained aluminum hydroxide after the water reaches the industrial standard. The recovery of aluminum was found to be 87%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which comprises the following steps:
ball milling is carried out on quick lime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue respectively to obtain powder with the grain diameter of about 200 meshes;
mixing fly ash with ball-milled quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue according to a mass ratio of 1:1:0.36:0.18, mixing evenly, adding 10% of water into the obtained mixture, and stirring to prepare pellets with the diameter of 4-10 cm to obtain raw materials;
sending the obtained raw materials into a vertical kiln, and sintering for 2.5 hours at 825 ℃ to obtain clinker;
cooling the obtained clinker to room temperature, adding 70-100 ℃ water, stirring, precipitating, separating supernatant sodium aluminate solution, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the supernatant for carbonization, then entering a filter press to collect solid phase, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, removing sodium carbonate in the solid phase, entering the filter press again, drying, and bagging the obtained aluminum hydroxide after the water reaches the industrial standard. The recovery of aluminum was detected to be 90%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which comprises the following steps:
ball milling is carried out on quick lime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue respectively to obtain powder with the grain diameter of about 200 meshes;
mixing fly ash with ball-milled quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue according to a mass ratio of 1:0.9:0.48:0.15, evenly mixing, adding 6% of water into the obtained mixture, and stirring to prepare pellets with the diameter of 4-10 cm to obtain raw materials;
sending the obtained raw materials into a vertical kiln, and sintering for 2 hours at 930 ℃ to obtain clinker;
cooling the obtained clinker to room temperature, adding 75-85 ℃ water, stirring, precipitating, separating supernatant sodium aluminate solution, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the supernatant for carbonization, then entering a filter press to collect solid phase, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, removing sodium carbonate in the solid phase, entering the filter press again, drying, and bagging the obtained aluminum hydroxide after the water reaches the industrial standard. The recovery of aluminum was 88% as measured.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method of extracting aluminum hydroxide:
ball milling the quicklime to obtain powder with the particle size of about 200 meshes;
mixing fly ash and the ball-milled quicklime according to a mass ratio of 1:2, mixing evenly, adding 6% of water into the obtained mixture, and stirring to prepare pellets with the diameter of 4-10 cm to obtain raw materials;
sending the obtained raw materials into a rotary kiln, and sintering for 2 hours at 750 ℃ to obtain clinker;
cooling the obtained clinker to room temperature, adding 70-80 ℃ water, stirring, precipitating, separating supernatant sodium aluminate solution, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the supernatant for carbonization, then entering a filter press to collect solid phase, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, removing sodium carbonate in the solid phase, entering the filter press again, drying, and bagging the obtained aluminum hydroxide after the water reaches the industrial standard. The recovery of aluminum was found to be 87%.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. A method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at a low temperature and normal pressure at one time, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: batching, sintering and desilication; wherein the raw materials of the ingredients are prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.36-0.48:0.13-0.18 of fly ash, quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal products.
2. The method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at one time under low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the coal is coal or gangue.
3. The method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from coal ash at one time under low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the coal ash to the quicklime to the sodium carbonate to the coal gangue is 1:1:0.44:0.15.
4. the method for one-time extraction of aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the sintering is performed at normal pressure and the sintering temperature is 750-1030 ℃.
5. The method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at one time at low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the desilication specifically comprises:
cooling the sintered clinker, adding 70-100 ℃ water, stirring, standing for precipitation, collecting an upper liquid phase, adding aluminum hydroxide seed crystals into the upper liquid phase for carbonization, filtering, dispersing the obtained solid phase in water, filtering again, and drying to obtain the aluminum hydroxide.
6. The method for one-time extraction of aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein before the step of sintering, the method further comprises: adding water into the mixture after the ingredients, and stirring to prepare balls.
7. The method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at one time under low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 6, wherein the water is used in an amount of 2-10% of the mass of the mixture; the diameter of the ball is 4-10 cm.
8. The method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at one time under low temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the quicklime, sodium carbonate and coal gangue is 180-220 meshes.
CN202310432998.1A 2023-04-20 2023-04-20 Method for extracting aluminum hydroxide from fly ash at low temperature and normal pressure at one time Pending CN116443904A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102107895A (en) * 2010-12-22 2011-06-29 昊青薪材(北京)技术有限公司 Improved soda lime sintering method for processing aluminum-containing raw material
CN103145160A (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-06-12 大唐国际发电股份有限公司高铝煤炭资源开发利用研发中心 Method for producing alumina by using high-alumina fly ash
CN104803402A (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-29 神华集团有限责任公司 Method for separation and utilization of fly ash aluminum-silicon, and tobermorite and silicon oxide obtained through method
CN109516484A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-26 王博 A method of aluminium oxide is produced with carbide slurry flyash and coal gangue sintering method
CN110482582A (en) * 2019-08-19 2019-11-22 太原理工大学 Method that is a kind of while extracting aluminium oxide in flyash and red mud
CN113800544A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-17 内蒙古茂燊科技有限公司 Method and system for preparing high-whiteness and high-purity aluminum hydroxide by utilizing solid waste

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102107895A (en) * 2010-12-22 2011-06-29 昊青薪材(北京)技术有限公司 Improved soda lime sintering method for processing aluminum-containing raw material
CN103145160A (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-06-12 大唐国际发电股份有限公司高铝煤炭资源开发利用研发中心 Method for producing alumina by using high-alumina fly ash
CN104803402A (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-29 神华集团有限责任公司 Method for separation and utilization of fly ash aluminum-silicon, and tobermorite and silicon oxide obtained through method
CN109516484A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-26 王博 A method of aluminium oxide is produced with carbide slurry flyash and coal gangue sintering method
CN110482582A (en) * 2019-08-19 2019-11-22 太原理工大学 Method that is a kind of while extracting aluminium oxide in flyash and red mud
CN113800544A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-17 内蒙古茂燊科技有限公司 Method and system for preparing high-whiteness and high-purity aluminum hydroxide by utilizing solid waste

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