CN116441527A - High-temperature oxidation resistant composite high-entropy alloy powder and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature oxidation resistant composite high-entropy alloy powder and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116441527A CN116441527A CN202310175730.4A CN202310175730A CN116441527A CN 116441527 A CN116441527 A CN 116441527A CN 202310175730 A CN202310175730 A CN 202310175730A CN 116441527 A CN116441527 A CN 116441527A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001106 transmission high energy electron diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature oxidation resistant composite high-entropy alloy powder and application thereof, wherein 99 to 99.9wt.% of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and 0.1 to 1.0wt.% of titanium powder are fused by a ball milling technology, so that the titanium powder is fully dissolved into the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder to form AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder; and then sintering the composite high-entropy alloy powder on the surface of the Q235 steel block body through a spark plasma sintering technology to form a high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating. According to the invention, alCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder is sintered on the surface of a centrifugal fan impeller by adopting a discharge plasma sintering technology to form a layer of high-temperature oxidation resistant coating, so that a high-temperature maintenance resistant coating can be formed in a short time, titanium elements are not segregated, are confined in AlCoCrFeNi crystals in the cooling process, and Al and Gr in Ti substitute alloy react with O in an oxygen-containing high-temperature environment, so that a compact passivation layer is formed on the surface of a substrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature oxidation resistant coatings, and particularly relates to high-temperature oxidation resistant composite metal powder and application thereof, wherein the high-temperature oxidation resistant composite metal powder is particularly applied to the surface of an impeller substrate of a centrifugal fan.
Background
When the centrifugal fan impeller is continuously in service for a long time in a high-temperature environment, the surface is severely oxidized under the action of water vapor in the air, and the service atmosphere of the centrifugal fan usually contains gases such as HCl, NO3 and the like, so that an oxide layer on the surface of the centrifugal fan impeller can rapidly fall off in an acid mist environment for a long time under the erosion of the acid mist, so that the core base material is exposed, and the operation is long, and finally, the edge size of the impeller is insufficient to cause failure.
The preparation of the coating on the surface of the impeller of the centrifugal fan is a protective measure with low cost and remarkable effect, however, the method for brushing the organic coating which is conventionally adopted at present has a plurality of defects, such as low binding force between the coating and the substrate material, poor high temperature resistance of the organic coating and the like. In view of the high temperature oxidation that is the primary problem leading to failure of centrifugal fan impellers, there is a strong need for a coating that is suitable for use on the surface of centrifugal fan impellers that resists high temperature oxidation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide high-temperature oxidation resistant composite metal powder, which can be sintered on the surface of a centrifugal fan impeller by a discharge plasma sintering technology to form a high-temperature oxidation resistant coating.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the composite high-entropy alloy powder resistant to high-temperature oxidation comprises AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and titanium powder, wherein the granularity of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 15-45 mu m, and the components of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder comprise 19% of Al, 20% of Fe, 21% of Co, 21.5% of Cr and 18.5% of Ni; the granularity of the titanium powder is 200-1000 nm, and the purity is more than 99.95%;
99 to 99.9 weight percent of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of titanium powder are fused by ball milling technology, so that the titanium powder is fully dissolved into the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder to form AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder; wherein the ball milling rotating speed is 350-500 rpm, the ball milling time is 30-60 h, and argon protective atmosphere is injected in the ball milling process.
Principle of high temperature oxidation prevention: the titanium powder is used as a reaction atom in AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy, can be segregated from AlCoCrFeNi crystal to a grain boundary at first under an oxygen-containing high-temperature environment, then diffuses and migrates along the grain boundary to the surface of a coating, and replaces aluminum and chromium in the alloy to react with oxygen, so that a compact passivation layer is generated on the surface of a substrate, and the high-temperature oxidation protection of the substrate is formed.
The invention also provides a high-temperature oxidation preventing coating for the surface of the centrifugal fan impeller substrate, which comprises the step of sintering AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder on the surface of the Q235 steel block body through a spark plasma sintering technology to form the high-temperature oxidation preventing coating.
According to the invention, alCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder is sintered on the surface of a centrifugal fan impeller by adopting a discharge plasma sintering technology to form a layer of high-temperature oxidation resistant coating, so that a high-temperature maintenance resistant coating can be formed in a short time, titanium elements are not segregated, are confined in AlCoCrFeNi crystals in the cooling process, and Al and Gr in Ti substitute alloy react with O in an oxygen-containing high-temperature environment, so that a compact passivation layer is formed on the surface of a substrate.
Further, the preparation of the high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Polishing and cleaning the surface of the Q235 steel block, and putting the Q235 steel block into a graphite die;
(2) Uniformly scattering AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder on the surface of the Q235 steel block, wherein the thickness of the AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder is 0.5-2 mm;
(3) Setting parameters of spark plasma sintering, sintering pressure of 40-80 MPa, sintering temperature of 900-1300 ℃, heat preservation time of 3-10 min, and cooling along with the furnace.
The invention adopts ball milling technology to fully dissolve a small amount of Ti element into AlFeCoNiCr alloy powder, and then sintering and forming are carried out; the content of Ti element is extremely studied, effective reaction atomic effect can be formed only by doping a trace amount of Ti, excessive Ti doping can cause excessive Ti to occupy AlFeCoNiCr alloy grain boundary, an effective Ti migration path can not be formed in a high-temperature environment, and supersaturation of Ti in the grain boundary can inhibit diffusion migration of Ti.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the oxidation performance of AlCoCrFeNi-Ti coatings of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the bond strength of AlCoCrFeNi-Ti coatings of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microscopic schematic view of the high temperature oxidation resistance of the AlCoCrFeNi-Ti coating of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The composite high-entropy alloy powder resistant to high-temperature oxidation comprises AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and titanium powder, wherein the granularity of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 15-45 mu m, and the components of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder comprise 19% of Al, 20% of Fe, 21% of Co, 21.5% of Cr and 18.5% of Ni; the granularity of the titanium powder is 200-1000 nm, and the purity is more than 99.95%;
99 to 99.9 weight percent of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of titanium powder are fused by ball milling technology, so that the titanium powder is fully dissolved into the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder to form AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder; wherein the ball milling rotating speed is 350-500 rpm, the ball milling time is 30-60 h, and argon protective atmosphere is injected in the ball milling process.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-temperature oxidation preventing coating for the surface of a centrifugal fan impeller substrate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a rigid body material for preparing a centrifugal fan impeller, specifically a Q235 steel block, polishing the surface of the Q235 steel block by adopting sand paper with more than 1200 meshes to ensure that the surface of the Q235 steel block has certain roughness, so that a coating is convenient to combine, and then adopting ultrasonic cleaning to remove dust and oil stains on the surface of the Q235 steel block; and (3) placing the polished and cleaned Q235 steel block into a graphite die of a sintering furnace.
(2) Uniformly scattering AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder on the surface of the Q235 steel block, wherein the thickness of the AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder is 0.5-2 mm; the AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder is prepared by the method and the proportion of the method in example 1.
(3) Setting parameters of spark plasma sintering, sintering pressure of 40-80 MPa, sintering temperature of 900-1300 ℃, heat preservation time of 3-10 min, and cooling along with the furnace.
Through isothermal oxidation tests, preparing coatings with titanium powder percentage content of 0wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 0.4wt.%, 0.6wt.%, and 0.8wt.%, respectively, evaluating high-temperature oxidation performance of each coating, and drawing an oxidation kinetics curve by oxidation treatment at 800 ℃ for 60 hours, wherein as shown in fig. 1, the oxidation weight gain of the coating shows parabolic increase with the increase of oxidation time, reaches the highest at 10 hours, and then is obviously slowed down due to the formation of an oxidation film; the AlCoCrFeNi+0.2Ti has the best oxidation resistance, which shows the positive effect of doping a small amount of titanium, and further adding titanium can reduce the oxidation resistance. According to the slope calculated in fig. 1b, the dense oxide film formed on the surface of the alcocrfeni+0.2ti coating prevents the oxide from diffusing to deeper regions and ensures good high temperature oxidation resistance.
The adhesion of the coating was evaluated by pull-out test, and the bonding strength was measured 3 times, as shown in fig. 2, and the doping of titanium element significantly improved the adhesion of the coating.
Oxidation performance microstructure of a coating prepared with 0.2wt.% titanium powder, as shown in fig. 3, oxidation treatment at 800 ℃ for 15 hours, the separation of the active element Ti resulted in internal oxidation and precipitation of TiO2 along the grain boundaries of the coating, and the diffusion path of oxygen was formed due to the very high vacancy defect concentration of TiO2 and the diffusion rate of oxygen. Fig. 3 (a) shows a low magnification TEM image of the diffusion path with the top surface facing the scale gas interface. High resolution TEM images of rectangular areas (b) and (c) highlighted in (a), and (c) and (e) correspond to the respective FFT and SAED patterns of areas in (b) and (d), respectively.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification and substitution based on the technical scheme and the inventive concept provided by the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-temperature oxidation resistant composite high-entropy alloy powder is characterized in that: the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder comprises AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and titanium powder, wherein the granularity of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder is 15-45 mu m, and the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder comprises 19% of Al, 20% of Fe, 21% of Co, 21.5% of Cr and 18.5% of Ni in proportion; the granularity of the titanium powder is 200-1000 nm, and the purity is more than 99.95%;
99 to 99.9 weight percent of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder and 0.1 to 1.0 weight percent of titanium powder are fused by ball milling technology, so that the titanium powder is fully dissolved into the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy powder to form AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder; wherein the ball milling rotating speed is 350-500 rpm, the ball milling time is 30-60 h, and argon protective atmosphere is injected in the ball milling process.
2. A centrifugal fan impeller substrate surface high temperature oxidation prevention coating is characterized in that: the AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder in claim 1 is sintered on the surface of a Q235 steel block body by a spark plasma sintering technology to form a high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating.
3. The centrifugal fan impeller substrate surface high temperature oxidation resistant coating according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation of the high-temperature oxidation resistant coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Polishing and cleaning the surface of the Q235 steel block, and putting the Q235 steel block into a graphite die;
(2) Uniformly scattering AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder on the surface of the Q235 steel block, wherein the thickness of the AlCoCrFeNi+Ti composite high-entropy alloy powder is 0.5-2 mm;
(3) Setting parameters of spark plasma sintering, sintering pressure of 40-80 MPa, sintering temperature of 900-1300 ℃, heat preservation time of 3-10 min, and cooling along with the furnace.
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