CN116435641A - Method for identifying internal temperature of energy storage battery - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种储能电池内部温度识别方法。The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a method for identifying the internal temperature of an energy storage battery.
背景技术Background technique
一个储能系统至少包括多个电池模块，每个电池模块是由诸多电池单体进行串联或并联组成的，且每个电池模块均配置有一个电池管理系统，用于采集电池模块电压、电流和温度信息，并估算电池的荷电状态(SOC，State of Charge)和寿命状态(SOH，State ofHealth)，同时对电芯的故障进行识别和诊断。其中温度信息是最能反应电池单体当前健康状态的参数，因电池单体在发生热失控时电池单体内部会发生剧烈的电化学反应，从而导致内部温度急剧升高，且当电池单体内正负极之间的隔膜溶解时，其内部正负极亦会发生短路从而产生高热，总之其表现形式均为电池的温度变化。An energy storage system includes at least a plurality of battery modules, each battery module is composed of many battery cells connected in series or in parallel, and each battery module is equipped with a battery management system for collecting battery module voltage, current and Temperature information, and estimate the state of charge (SOC, State of Charge) and life state (SOH, State of Health) of the battery, and at the same time identify and diagnose the failure of the battery cell. Among them, the temperature information is the parameter that can best reflect the current health status of the battery cell. When the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, a violent electrochemical reaction will occur inside the battery cell, resulting in a sharp rise in the internal temperature. When the separator between the positive and negative electrodes dissolves, the internal positive and negative electrodes will also be short-circuited to generate high heat. In short, the manifestation is the temperature change of the battery.
相关技术中公开了一种电池内部温度识别方法，通过采集电池外部温度，并基于电池内部温度预测模型，从而预测出电池内部温度信息，最终根据电池内部温度判断电池系统是否存在产热异常的情况。此种方法通过大量的数据模型可准确训练出电池内部温度，并根据电池内部温度准确判断电池的状态。但是电池系统是有多个电池单体聚集而成的，电池单体在充放电的过程中均会产生大量的热能，由于热辐射效应，位于中间部位的电池单体温度会远高于位于外侧的电池单体温度，因此上述方法只能识别一个电池单体的温度，其无法从系统的角度考虑电池单体的温度情况以及其他电池单体对目标电池单体的影响，且此种影响是真实存在且影响颇大无法忽视，因聚集效应产生的电池单体热变化必然影响其产热判断结果，导致对电池单体的异常发热判断准确性较差。A battery internal temperature identification method is disclosed in the related art. By collecting the external temperature of the battery and based on the internal temperature prediction model of the battery, the internal temperature information of the battery is predicted, and finally it is determined whether the battery system has abnormal heat generation according to the internal temperature of the battery. . This method can accurately train the internal temperature of the battery through a large number of data models, and accurately judge the state of the battery according to the internal temperature of the battery. However, the battery system is composed of multiple battery cells. The battery cells will generate a lot of heat during the charging and discharging process. Due to the thermal radiation effect, the temperature of the battery cells located in the middle will be much higher than that located on the outside. The temperature of the battery cell, so the above method can only identify the temperature of one battery cell, it cannot consider the temperature of the battery cell and the influence of other battery cells on the target battery cell from the perspective of the system, and this effect is It really exists and the impact is too great to be ignored. The thermal change of the battery cell due to the aggregation effect will inevitably affect the judgment result of its heat production, resulting in poor judgment accuracy of the abnormal heating of the battery cell.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种储能电池内部温度识别方法，能够提高电池单体的温度判断准确性。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for identifying the internal temperature of an energy storage battery, which can improve the accuracy of judging the temperature of a battery cell.
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一方面，提供了一种储能电池内部温度识别方法，其特征在于，包括：In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for identifying the internal temperature of an energy storage battery is provided, which is characterized in that it includes:
获取各电池包内电池单体的温度数据；Obtain the temperature data of the battery cells in each battery pack;
获取目标电池单体的所在位置；Obtain the location of the target battery cell;
判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系；Judging whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship;
如果符合预设温度关系，则判定该目标电池单体温度正常，如果不符合预设温度关系，则判定该目标电池单体温度异常。If the preset temperature relationship is met, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is normal, and if the preset temperature relationship is not met, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal.
进一步地，所述判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤包括：Further, the step of judging whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship includes:
计算相邻电池单体的平均温度；Calculate the average temperature of adjacent battery cells;
计算目标电池单体与平均温度之间的温度偏移量；Calculate the temperature offset between the target battery cell and the average temperature;
将温度偏移值与预设温度偏差进行比较，若温度偏移量在预设温度偏差内，则判定该目标电池单体温度符合预设温度关系，若温度偏移值在预设温度偏差外，则判断该目标电池单体温度不符合预设温度关系。Comparing the temperature offset value with the preset temperature deviation, if the temperature offset is within the preset temperature deviation, it is determined that the target battery cell temperature conforms to the preset temperature relationship; if the temperature offset value is outside the preset temperature deviation , it is determined that the target battery cell temperature does not meet the preset temperature relationship.
进一步地，所述获取目标电池单体的所在位置的步骤包括：Further, the step of obtaining the location of the target battery cell includes:
获取电池串并联数和模组串数；Obtain the number of battery series and parallel connections and the number of module strings;
将每个电池包的温度数据根据电池串并联数换分成单体阵列B[H,V]，H为行数，V为列数；The temperature data of each battery pack is converted into a single array B[H,V] according to the number of battery series and parallel connections, where H is the number of rows and V is the number of columns;
识别目标电池单体所在的行列数b[h,v]。Identify the number of rows and columns b[h,v] where the target battery cell is located.
进一步地，所述计算相邻电池单体的平均温度的步骤包括：Further, the step of calculating the average temperature of adjacent battery cells includes:
定位相邻电池单体：b[h-1,v-1]、b[h-1,v]、b[h-1,v+1]、b[h,v-1]、b[h,v+1]、b[h+1,v-1]、b[h+1,v]、b[h+1,v+1]，其中0<(h-1)<(h+1)<H，0<(v-1)<(v+1)<V；Locate adjacent battery cells: b[h-1,v-1], b[h-1,v], b[h-1,v+1], b[h,v-1], b[h ,v+1], b[h+1,v-1], b[h+1,v], b[h+1,v+1], where 0<(h-1)<(h+1 )<H, 0<(v-1)<(v+1)<V;
获取各相邻电池单体的温度数据；Obtain the temperature data of each adjacent battery cell;
计算相邻单体的平均温度Ave＝所有相邻电池单体温度之和/相邻单体个数。Calculate the average temperature Ave of adjacent cells = sum of temperatures of all adjacent cells/number of adjacent cells.
进一步地，所述获取各电池包内电池单体的温度数据的步骤包括：Further, the step of acquiring the temperature data of the battery cells in each battery pack includes:
汇总所有电池温度数据；Summarize all battery temperature data;
通过BMS获取下属电池包内各电池单体的温度数据。Obtain the temperature data of each battery cell in the subordinate battery pack through the BMS.
进一步地，所述储能电池内部温度识别方法还包括：Further, the method for identifying the internal temperature of the energy storage battery further includes:
若目标电池单体的所在位置为电池包外围四角，则将四角的各个电池单体进行温度比较；If the location of the target battery cell is the four corners of the battery pack, compare the temperature of each battery cell at the four corners;
若目标电池单体的温度与四角的其他电池单体的温度差值大于预设温度偏差，则判断目标电池单体温度异常。If the temperature difference between the temperature of the target battery cell and other battery cells at the four corners is greater than a preset temperature deviation, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal.
进一步地，所述判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤包括：Further, the step of judging whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship includes:
识别单个电池包分组串数，并排列成电池单体阵列；Identify the number of strings in a single battery pack group and arrange them into an array of battery cells;
以H/2和V/2为中心建立坐标轴，将电池单体阵列分成四个象限，其中H为电池单体阵列的行数，V为电池单体阵列的列数；Establish a coordinate axis centered on H/2 and V/2, and divide the battery cell array into four quadrants, where H is the number of rows of the battery cell array, and V is the number of columns of the battery cell array;
确定目标电池单体所在区域；Determine the area where the target battery cell is located;
根据所在区域确定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系是否符合预设温度关系。Determine whether the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship according to the location.
进一步地，根据所在区域确定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤包括：Further, the step of determining whether the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship according to the area includes:
以中心电池单体作为热源，定位临近热源的相邻电池单体；Using the central battery cell as a heat source, locate adjacent battery cells close to the heat source;
当相邻电池单体在第一象限时，则b[h+1,v-1]临近热源，b[h-1,v+1]远离热源；When the adjacent battery cell is in the first quadrant, b[h+1, v-1] is close to the heat source, and b[h-1, v+1] is far away from the heat source;
当相邻电池单体在第二象限时，则b[h+1,v+1]临近热源，b[h-1,v-1]远离热源；When the adjacent battery cell is in the second quadrant, b[h+1, v+1] is close to the heat source, and b[h-1, v-1] is far away from the heat source;
当相邻电池单体在第三象限时，则b[h-1,v+1]临近热源，b[h+1,v-1]远离热源；When the adjacent battery cell is in the third quadrant, b[h-1, v+1] is close to the heat source, and b[h+1, v-1] is far away from the heat source;
当相邻电池单体在第四象限时，则b[h-1,v-1]临近热源，b[h+1,v+1]远离热源；When the adjacent battery cell is in the fourth quadrant, b[h-1, v-1] is close to the heat source, and b[h+1, v+1] is far away from the heat source;
当远离热源的相邻电池单体温度<目标电池单体温度t<临近热源的相邻电池单体温度时，则判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系符合预设温度关系，否则，判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系不符合预设温度关系。When the temperature of the adjacent battery cell far from the heat source < the target battery cell temperature t < the temperature of the adjacent battery cell near the heat source, it is determined that the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell meets the preset Otherwise, it is determined that the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells does not comply with the preset temperature relationship.
进一步地，根据所在区域确定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤还包括：Further, the step of determining whether the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship according to the area also includes:
判断目标电池单体是否位于轴线上；Determine whether the target battery cell is on the axis;
若目标电池单体位于第一象限和第二象限的轴线上，则b[h+1,v]临近热源，b[h-1,v]远离热源；If the target battery cell is located on the axis of the first quadrant and the second quadrant, then b[h+1,v] is close to the heat source, and b[h-1,v] is far away from the heat source;
若目标电池单体位于第二象限和第三象限的轴线上，则b[h,v+1]临近热源，b[h,v-1]远离热源；If the target battery cell is located on the axis of the second quadrant and the third quadrant, then b[h,v+1] is close to the heat source, and b[h,v-1] is far away from the heat source;
若目标电池单体位于第三象限和第四象限的轴线上，则b[h-1,v]临近热源，b[h+1,v]远离热源；If the target battery cell is located on the axis of the third quadrant and the fourth quadrant, then b[h-1, v] is close to the heat source, and b[h+1, v] is far away from the heat source;
若目标电池单体位于第一象限和第四象限的轴线上，则b[h,v-1]临近热源，b[h,v+1]远离热源；If the target battery cell is located on the axis of the first quadrant and the fourth quadrant, then b[h, v-1] is close to the heat source, and b[h, v+1] is far away from the heat source;
当远离热源的相邻电池单体温度<目标电池单体温度t<临近热源的相邻电池单体温度时，则判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系符合预设温度关系，否则，判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系不符合预设温度关系。When the temperature of the adjacent battery cell far from the heat source < the target battery cell temperature t < the temperature of the adjacent battery cell near the heat source, it is determined that the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell meets the preset Otherwise, it is determined that the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells does not comply with the preset temperature relationship.
进一步地，所述储能电池内部温度识别方法还包括：Further, the method for identifying the internal temperature of the energy storage battery further includes:
判断位于阵列中心的电池单体温度是否超过单体温度上限值；Determine whether the battery cell temperature at the center of the array exceeds the upper limit of the cell temperature;
若未超过单体温度上限值，计算位于阵列中心的电池单体温度与位于阵列最边缘的电池单体温度之间的温度差值；If the upper limit of cell temperature is not exceeded, calculate the temperature difference between the battery cell temperature at the center of the array and the battery cell temperature at the outermost edge of the array;
判断该温度差值是否超过电池包温差预设值，如果未超过电池包温差预设值，则判断电池单体温度正常，如果超过电池包温差预设值，则判断电池单体温度异常。It is judged whether the temperature difference exceeds the preset value of the temperature difference of the battery pack. If it does not exceed the preset value of the temperature difference of the battery pack, it is judged that the temperature of the battery cell is normal. If it exceeds the preset value of the temperature difference of the battery pack, it is judged that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal.
应用本发明的技术方案，储能电池内部温度识别方法包括：获取各电池包内电池单体的温度数据；获取目标电池单体的所在位置；判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系；如果符合预设温度关系，则判定该目标电池单体温度正常，如果不符合预设温度关系，则判定该目标电池单体温度异常。该储能电池内部温度识别方法从系统的角度对电池产热异常进行判断，通过将目标电池单体与相邻电池单体进行对比，若目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的温度变化在预设温度关系范围内，则判断为正常，不再以单一的电池单体温度为故障判断依据，而是以目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的差异性为判断依据，可有效提高判断精度，避免电池单体的温度外在环境的影响下产生误判。Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the internal temperature identification method of the energy storage battery includes: obtaining the temperature data of the battery cells in each battery pack; obtaining the location of the target battery cell; judging the distance between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell Whether the temperature relationship of the target battery meets the preset temperature relationship; if it meets the preset temperature relationship, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is normal; if it does not meet the preset temperature relationship, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal. The internal temperature identification method of the energy storage battery judges the abnormal heat generation of the battery from the perspective of the system. By comparing the target battery cell with the adjacent battery cell, if the temperature change between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell If it is within the preset temperature range, it is judged to be normal. Instead of using a single battery cell temperature as the basis for fault judgment, it is based on the difference between the target battery cell and adjacent battery cells, which can effectively improve the judgment Accuracy, to avoid misjudgment of the temperature of the battery cell under the influence of the environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1示出了本发明的实施例的储能系统结构图；Fig. 1 shows the energy storage system structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2示出了本发明的一个实施例的储能电池内部温度识别方法流程图；Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for identifying the internal temperature of an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3示出了本发明的一个实施例的储能电池内部温度识别方法流程图；FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for identifying the internal temperature of an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4示出了本发明的一个实施例的储能电池内部电池单体温度变化示意图；以及Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of temperature variation of battery cells inside an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
图5示出了本发明的一个实施例的储能电池内部目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的温度分布结构示意图。Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution structure of a target battery cell and adjacent battery cells inside an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
结合参见图1至图3所示，本发明提供了一种储能电池内部温度识别方法，包括：获取各电池包内电池单体的温度数据；获取目标电池单体的所在位置；判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系；如果符合预设温度关系，则判定该目标电池单体温度正常，如果不符合预设温度关系，则判定该目标电池单体温度异常。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the present invention provides a method for identifying the internal temperature of an energy storage battery, which includes: obtaining the temperature data of the battery cells in each battery pack; obtaining the location of the target battery cell; judging the temperature of the target battery Whether the temperature relationship between the battery cell and the adjacent battery cell meets the preset temperature relationship; if it meets the preset temperature relationship, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is normal; if it does not meet the preset temperature relationship, it is determined that the target battery The monomer temperature is abnormal.
该储能电池内部温度识别方法从系统的角度对电池产热异常进行判断，通过将目标电池单体与相邻电池单体进行对比，若目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的温度变化在预设温度关系范围内，则判断为正常，不再以单一的电池单体温度为故障判断依据，而是以目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的差异性为判断依据，可有效提高判断精度，避免电池单体的温度外在环境的影响下产生误判。The internal temperature identification method of the energy storage battery judges the abnormal heat generation of the battery from the perspective of the system. By comparing the target battery cell with the adjacent battery cell, if the temperature change between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell If it is within the preset temperature range, it is judged to be normal. Instead of using a single battery cell temperature as the basis for fault judgment, it is based on the difference between the target battery cell and adjacent battery cells, which can effectively improve the judgment Accuracy, to avoid misjudgment of the temperature of the battery cell under the influence of the environment.
在本实施例中，储能电池内部温度识别方法实施所基于的储能系统包含n个电池模块，每个电池模块均由i个电池单体串并联组成，且每个电池模块均配置有一个BMS，用于采集单体电压温度等信息，并将信息传输至微网控制器，由微网控制器对信息进行处理分析。In this embodiment, the energy storage system based on which the method for identifying the internal temperature of the energy storage battery includes n battery modules, each battery module is composed of i battery cells connected in series and parallel, and each battery module is equipped with a BMS is used to collect information such as voltage and temperature of the monomer, and transmit the information to the micro-grid controller, which processes and analyzes the information.
本实施例的储能电池内部温度识别方法基于微网控制器实现，为解决电池系统内部成组的热辐射对电池单体的影响，采用将电池单体按照其实际成组方式排列，并将目标电池单体与相邻电池单体温度进行对比的方法，因目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的温度受环境的影响必然是呈线性变化，且变化趋势缓慢，因此，可以据此判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合电池单体在正常温度下的预设温度关系，如果符合预设温度关系，则能够说明目标电池单体的温度正常，如果不符合预设温度关系，则能够说明目标电池单体的温度异常，需要进行后续的维修或者更换。The internal temperature identification method of the energy storage battery in this embodiment is implemented based on the micro-grid controller. In order to solve the impact of the heat radiation in the battery system on the battery cells, the battery cells are arranged according to their actual grouping method, and the The method of comparing the temperature of the target battery cell with the adjacent battery cell, because the temperature of the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell must be linearly changed by the influence of the environment, and the change trend is slow, so it can be judged accordingly Whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship of the battery cell at normal temperature, if it meets the preset temperature relationship, it can indicate that the temperature of the target battery cell is normal, if not If the preset temperature relationship is met, it can indicate that the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal, and subsequent maintenance or replacement is required.
在判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合电池单体在正常温度下的预设温度关系时，可以存在多种判断方式，其中一种情况为，可以通过判断目标电池温度与相邻电池温度之间的温度差值来进行判断，另一种情况为，可以通过判断目标电池温度与相邻电池温度相对于热源的温度变化状况来进行判断。When judging whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship of the battery cell at normal temperature, there can be a variety of judgment methods, one of which is to judge the target battery cell The temperature difference between the battery temperature and the adjacent battery temperature can be judged. In another case, the judgment can be made by judging the temperature change of the target battery temperature and the adjacent battery temperature relative to the heat source.
在一个实施例中，所述判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤包括：计算相邻电池单体的平均温度；计算目标电池单体与平均温度之间的温度偏移量；将温度偏移值与预设温度偏差进行比较，若温度偏移量在预设温度偏差内，则判定该目标电池单体温度符合预设温度关系，若温度偏移值在预设温度偏差外，则判断该目标电池单体温度不符合预设温度关系。In one embodiment, the step of judging whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship includes: calculating the average temperature of the adjacent battery cells; The temperature offset between the average temperatures; compare the temperature offset with the preset temperature deviation, if the temperature offset is within the preset temperature deviation, it is determined that the target battery cell temperature conforms to the preset temperature relationship, if If the temperature offset value is outside the preset temperature deviation, it is determined that the target battery cell temperature does not conform to the preset temperature relationship.
在本实施例中，可以通过目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度差来判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系，一般而言，当电池单体处于正常温度范围时，相邻的电池单体之间的温度变化应该是处于线性变化关系，因此，如果相邻的电池单体之间的温度变化不符合正常电池单体温度之间的线性变化规律，发生较大幅度的起伏，就可以据此判断目标电池单体的温度存在异常。In this embodiment, whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship can be judged by the temperature difference between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells. , when the battery cell is in the normal temperature range, the temperature change between adjacent battery cells should be in a linear relationship, therefore, if the temperature change between adjacent battery cells does not conform to the normal battery cell temperature If there is a large fluctuation, it can be judged that the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal.
在一个实施例中，所述获取目标电池单体的所在位置的步骤包括：获取电池串并联数和模组串数；将每个电池包的温度数据根据电池串并联数换分成单体阵列B[H,V]，H为行数，V为列数；识别目标电池单体所在的行列数b[h,v]，其中0<h<H，0<v<V。In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the location of the target battery cell includes: obtaining the number of battery strings in parallel and the number of module strings; converting the temperature data of each battery pack into a cell array B according to the number of battery strings in parallel [H,V], H is the number of rows, V is the number of columns; identify the number of rows and columns where the target battery cell is located b[h,v], where 0<h<H, 0<v<V.
在一个实施例中，一个电池包由96各单体，而每个模组为1P16S，则此电池包由6个模组，则单体电池阵列为B[16,6]。In one embodiment, a battery pack consists of 96 cells, and each module is 1P16S, then the battery pack consists of 6 modules, and the cell array is B[16,6].
在一个实施例中，所述计算相邻电池单体的平均温度的步骤包括：定位相邻电池单体：b[h-1,v-1]、b[h-1,v]、b[h-1,v+1]、b[h,v-1]、b[h,v+1]、b[h+1,v-1]、b[h+1,v]、b[h+1,v+1]，其中0<(h-1)<(h+1)<H，0<(v-1)<(v+1)<V；获取各相邻电池单体的温度数据；计算相邻单体的平均温度Ave＝所有相邻电池单体温度之和/相邻单体个数。In one embodiment, the step of calculating the average temperature of adjacent battery cells includes: locating adjacent battery cells: b[h-1, v-1], b[h-1, v], b[ h-1,v+1], b[h,v-1], b[h,v+1], b[h+1,v-1], b[h+1,v], b[h +1,v+1], where 0<(h-1)<(h+1)<H, 0<(v-1)<(v+1)<V; get the temperature of each adjacent battery cell Data; calculate the average temperature of adjacent cells Ave = the sum of the temperatures of all adjacent battery cells / the number of adjacent cells.
以单体电池阵列为B[16,6]为例，若目标电池单体位置为b[8,3]，则相邻的电池单体分别为b[7,2]；b[7,3]；b[7,4]；b[8,2]；b[8,4]；b[9,2]；b[9,3]；b[9,4]共八个电池单体，在进行电池温度比较时，需要依次计算该目标电池单体与其他八个电池单体的平均温度之间的温度偏移值，如果温度偏移值大于预设温度偏差，则该目标电池单体的温度发生异常，如果在预设温度偏差范围内，则该目标电池单体的温度正常。Take the battery cell array as B[16,6] as an example, if the target battery cell position is b[8,3], then the adjacent battery cells are respectively b[7,2]; b[7,3] ]; b[7,4]; b[8,2]; b[8,4]; b[9,2]; b[9,3]; b[9,4] a total of eight battery cells, When comparing the battery temperature, it is necessary to sequentially calculate the temperature offset value between the target battery cell and the average temperature of the other eight battery cells. If the temperature offset value is greater than the preset temperature deviation, the target battery cell If the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal, if it is within the preset temperature deviation range, the temperature of the target battery cell is normal.
计算温度偏移值的公式为：|t–ave|<T，其中t为目标电池单体温度，ave为相邻电池单体平均温度，T为预设温度偏差。The formula for calculating the temperature offset value is: |t–ave|<T, where t is the target battery cell temperature, ave is the average temperature of adjacent battery cells, and T is the preset temperature deviation.
在一个实施例中，所述获取各电池包内电池单体的温度数据的步骤包括：汇总所有电池温度数据；通过BMS获取下属电池包内各电池单体的温度数据。In one embodiment, the step of acquiring the temperature data of the battery cells in each battery pack includes: summarizing all the battery temperature data; and acquiring the temperature data of each battery cell in the subordinate battery pack through the BMS.
在本实施例中，在通过微网控制器获取到所有的电池单体的温度数据之后，可以根据BMS获取到各个电池包内的电池单体的温度数据，然后以电池包为单位，对各个电池单体的温度进行判断。由于一个电池包内的各个电池单体所处的环境基本相同，因此将一个电池包内的电池单体放在一起进行温度比较，能够使得电池单体的温度判断处于同一环境下，可以使得电池单体的温度判断更加准确，收到外界环境的影响更小。In this embodiment, after obtaining the temperature data of all battery cells through the micro-grid controller, the temperature data of the battery cells in each battery pack can be obtained according to the BMS, and then the battery pack is used as a unit to control each The temperature of the battery cell is judged. Since the environment of each battery cell in a battery pack is basically the same, putting the battery cells in a battery pack together for temperature comparison can make the temperature judgment of the battery cells in the same environment, which can make the battery The temperature judgment of the monomer is more accurate, and it is less affected by the external environment.
在一个实施例中，所述储能电池内部温度识别方法还包括：若目标电池单体的所在位置为电池包外围四角，则将四角的各个电池单体进行温度比较；若目标电池单体的温度与四角的其他电池单体的温度差值大于预设温度偏差，则判断目标电池单体温度异常。In one embodiment, the method for identifying the internal temperature of the energy storage battery further includes: if the location of the target battery cell is at the four corners of the battery pack, then comparing the temperatures of the battery cells at the four corners; If the difference between the temperature and the temperature of other battery cells at the four corners is greater than the preset temperature deviation, it is determined that the temperature of the target battery cell is abnormal.
在本实施例中，由于位于电池包外围四角的单体电池所处的环境与其他电池单体之间存在较大差别，周围的相邻电池数量较少，难以满足电池单体温度比较的需求，而位于四交的四个电池单体所处环境和位置状况比较接近，因此可以将位于电池包外围四角的单体电池放在一起进行判断，比较相互之间的温度差值，进而据此对电池包外围四角的单体电池温度状况进行判断。如果其中某一电池单体的温度远超其他电池单体的温度，则判定该电池单体的温度异常，如果任一电池单体的温度均与其他电池单体的温度接近，则判定该电池单体的温度正常。In this embodiment, due to the large difference between the environment of the single battery located at the four corners of the battery pack and other battery cells, the number of adjacent batteries around is small, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of battery cell temperature comparison , and the environment and location of the four battery cells located in the four intersections are relatively close, so the single cells located in the four corners of the battery pack can be put together for judgment, and the temperature difference between them is compared, and then based on this Judgment is made on the temperature status of the single cells at the four corners of the battery pack. If the temperature of one of the battery cells is much higher than the temperature of other battery cells, it is judged that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal; if the temperature of any battery cell is close to the temperature of other battery cells, it is judged that the battery cell The temperature of the monomer is normal.
在一个实施例中，所述判断目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤包括：识别单个电池包分组串数，并排列成电池单体阵列；以H/2和V/2为中心建立坐标轴，将电池单体阵列分成四个象限，其中H为电池单体阵列的行数，V为电池单体阵列的列数；确定目标电池单体所在区域；根据所在区域确定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系是否符合预设温度关系。In one embodiment, the step of judging whether the temperature relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship includes: identifying the number of individual battery pack group strings, and arranging them into an array of battery cells; Establish a coordinate axis centered on H/2 and V/2, and divide the battery cell array into four quadrants, where H is the number of rows of the battery cell array, and V is the number of columns of the battery cell array; determine the target battery cell The location area: determine whether the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship according to the location area.
考虑到温度聚集的影响，即当多个电池单体集中布置时，电池在充放电的过程中均会发热，因此位于中间位置的电池单体必然温度高于外侧的电池单体温度，且温度差异大，因此可利用此现象进一步对电池单体温度进行判断，并对电池单体温度进行限制。Considering the influence of temperature aggregation, that is, when multiple battery cells are arranged together, the battery will generate heat during charging and discharging, so the temperature of the battery cells in the middle must be higher than the temperature of the outer battery cells, and the temperature The difference is large, so this phenomenon can be used to further judge the battery cell temperature and limit the battery cell temperature.
在一个实施例中，根据所在区域确定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤包括：以中心电池单体作为热源，定位临近热源的相邻电池单体；当相邻电池单体在第一象限时，则b[h+1,v-1]临近热源，b[h-1,v+1]远离热源；当相邻电池单体在第二象限时，则b[h+1,v+1]临近热源，b[h-1,v-1]远离热源；当相邻电池单体在第三象限时，则b[h-1,v+1]临近热源，b[h+1,v-1]远离热源；当相邻电池单体在第四象限时，则b[h-1,v-1]临近热源，b[h+1,v+1]远离热源；当远离热源的相邻电池单体温度<目标电池单体温度t<临近热源的相邻电池单体温度时，则判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系符合预设温度关系，否则，判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系不符合预设温度关系。In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship according to the area includes: using the central battery cell as a heat source, and locating adjacent cells adjacent to the heat source battery cell; when the adjacent battery cell is in the first quadrant, then b[h+1, v-1] is close to the heat source, and b[h-1, v+1] is far away from the heat source; when the adjacent battery cell is in In the second quadrant, b[h+1, v+1] is close to the heat source, and b[h-1, v-1] is far away from the heat source; when the adjacent battery cell is in the third quadrant, then b[h-1 ,v+1] is close to the heat source, b[h+1,v-1] is far away from the heat source; when the adjacent battery cell is in the fourth quadrant, then b[h-1,v-1] is close to the heat source, b[h +1, v+1] far away from the heat source; when the temperature of the adjacent battery cell far away from the heat source < the temperature of the target battery cell t < the temperature of the adjacent battery cell near the heat source, then determine the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell If the temperature change relationship between the cells meets the preset temperature relationship, otherwise, it is determined that the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells does not meet the preset temperature relationship.
结合参见图4和图5所示，一个电池包内的电池单体供分为九行七列，其中A54为中心电池单体，需要以A54为中心建立坐标系，其中A14至A94位于Y轴上，A51至A57位于X轴上，以此进行象限划分，A14至A54以及A54至A57所形成的区域为第一象限，A14至A54以及A51至A54所形成的区域为第二象限，A54至A94以及A51至A54所形成的区域为第三象限，A54至A94以及A54至A57所形成的区域为第四象限，在各个电池单体的温度均正常时，A54位置的电池单体温度最高，其他电池单体的温度沿着远离A54的方向是逐渐降低的。As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the battery cells in a battery pack are divided into nine rows and seven columns, in which A54 is the central battery cell, and a coordinate system needs to be established centered on A54, where A14 to A94 are located on the Y axis Above, A51 to A57 are located on the X axis to divide the quadrants. The area formed by A14 to A54 and A54 to A57 is the first quadrant, the area formed by A14 to A54 and A51 to A54 is the second quadrant, and the area formed by A54 to A54 is the second quadrant. The area formed by A94 and A51 to A54 is the third quadrant, and the area formed by A54 to A94 and A54 to A57 is the fourth quadrant. When the temperature of each battery cell is normal, the temperature of the battery cell at A54 is the highest. The temperature of other battery cells decreases gradually along the direction away from A54.
其中的A54等为电池单体的编号，对应的电池单体位置为b[5,4]，其他电池单体的编号与位置的对应关系同此。Among them, A54 and so on are the serial numbers of the battery cells, and the corresponding battery cell positions are b[5,4]. The corresponding relationship between the numbers and positions of other battery cells is the same.
当A43电池单体发生故障时，此时A43作为目标电池单体，A43电池单体位于第二象限内，应该满足当相邻电池单体在第二象限时，则b[h+1,v+1]临近热源，b[h-1,v-1]远离热源，也即A54临近热源，A32远离热源。When the A43 battery cell fails, A43 is the target battery cell at this time, and the A43 battery cell is located in the second quadrant. When the adjacent battery cell is in the second quadrant, b[h+1,v +1] is close to the heat source, b[h-1, v-1] is far away from the heat source, that is, A54 is close to the heat source, and A32 is far away from the heat source.
因此，理论上而言，A43电池单体的温度应该小于A54电池单体的温度，然后大于A32电池单体的温度，然而实际检测到的A43电池单体温度高于A54以及A32电池单体的温度，因此，并不符合上述的温度关系，也即说明A43电池单体的温度发生了异常。Therefore, in theory, the temperature of the A43 battery cell should be lower than the temperature of the A54 battery cell, and then higher than the temperature of the A32 battery cell. However, the actual detected temperature of the A43 battery cell is higher than that of the A54 and A32 battery cells. Therefore, the temperature does not conform to the above-mentioned temperature relationship, which means that the temperature of the A43 battery cell is abnormal.
在一个实施例中，根据所在区域确定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系是否符合预设温度关系的步骤还包括：判断目标电池单体是否位于轴线上；若目标电池单体位于第一象限和第二象限的轴线上，则b[h+1,v]临近热源，b[h-1,v]远离热源；若目标电池单体位于第二象限和第三象限的轴线上，则b[h,v+1]临近热源，b[h,v-1]远离热源；若目标电池单体位于第三象限和第四象限的轴线上，则b[h-1,v]临近热源，b[h+1,v]远离热源；若目标电池单体位于第一象限和第四象限的轴线上，则b[h,v-1]临近热源，b[h,v+1]远离热源；当远离热源的相邻电池单体温度<目标电池单体温度t<临近热源的相邻电池单体温度时，则判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系符合预设温度关系，否则，判定目标电池单体与相邻电池单体之间的温度变化关系不符合预设温度关系。In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the temperature change relationship between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cells conforms to the preset temperature relationship according to the location further includes: judging whether the target battery cell is located on the axis; if the target battery cell The cell is located on the axis of the first quadrant and the second quadrant, then b[h+1,v] is close to the heat source, and b[h-1,v] is far away from the heat source; if the target battery cell is located in the second quadrant and the third quadrant On the axis of , then b[h,v+1] is close to the heat source, and b[h,v-1] is far away from the heat source; if the target battery cell is located on the axis of the third quadrant and the fourth quadrant, then b[h-1 ,v] is close to the heat source, b[h+1,v] is far away from the heat source; if the target battery cell is located on the axis of the first quadrant and the fourth quadrant, then b[h,v-1] is close to the heat source, b[h, v+1] away from the heat source; when the temperature of the adjacent battery cell far away from the heat source < the temperature of the target battery cell t < the temperature of the adjacent battery cell near the heat source, then determine the distance between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell The temperature change relationship between the target battery cells and the adjacent battery cells is determined not to meet the preset temperature relationship.
在一个实施例中，所述储能电池内部温度识别方法还包括：判断位于阵列中心的电池单体温度是否超过单体温度上限值；若未超过单体温度上限值，计算位于阵列中心的电池单体温度与位于阵列最边缘的电池单体温度之间的温度差值；判断该温度差值是否超过电池包温差预设值，如果未超过电池包温差预设值，则判断电池单体温度正常，如果超过电池包温差预设值，则判断电池单体温度异常。In one embodiment, the method for identifying the internal temperature of the energy storage battery further includes: judging whether the temperature of the battery cell located in the center of the array exceeds the upper limit of the temperature of the cell; if it does not exceed the upper limit of the temperature of the cell, calculate the The temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell at the edge of the array and the temperature of the battery cell at the edge of the array; judge whether the temperature difference exceeds the preset value of the temperature difference of the battery pack, and if it does not exceed the preset value of the temperature difference of the battery pack, then judge the If the body temperature is normal, if it exceeds the preset value of the temperature difference of the battery pack, it is judged that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal.
在本实施例中，对于单体电池阵列中间位置的单体电池，其温度最高，且该电池单体的温度不得超过单体电池温度上限值，在将该电池单体与最边缘处的电池单体温度做差时，两者的差值不得超过电池包温差设定值，从而保证整个电池包内的电池单体温度能够处于正常的温度范围内。In this embodiment, the temperature of the single battery in the middle of the single battery array is the highest, and the temperature of the battery must not exceed the upper limit of the temperature of the single battery. When the temperature of the battery cells is different, the difference between the two must not exceed the set value of the temperature difference of the battery pack, so as to ensure that the temperature of the battery cells in the entire battery pack can be within the normal temperature range.
在一个实施例中，BMS采用STM32f4系列微控制器，微网控制器采用ARM-A8处理器。In one embodiment, the BMS uses an STM32f4 series microcontroller, and the micro-grid controller uses an ARM-A8 processor.
本发明具有如下有益效果：The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1)从系统的角度判断对电池单体产热异常进行判断，通过将目标电池单体与相邻电池单体进行对比，若目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的温度差异在许可范围内，则判断为正常，不在以单一的电池单体温度为故障判断依据，而是以目标电池单体与相邻电池单体的差异性为判断依据，可有效提高判断精度，避免外在环境的影响从而产生误判；1) Judging from the perspective of the system to judge the abnormal heat generation of the battery cell, by comparing the target battery cell with the adjacent battery cell, if the temperature difference between the target battery cell and the adjacent battery cell is within the allowable range , it is judged to be normal, instead of using a single battery cell temperature as the basis for fault judgment, but based on the difference between the target battery cell and adjacent battery cells, which can effectively improve the judgment accuracy and avoid the external environment. influence and thus lead to misjudgment;
2)从电池系统热辐射影响对电池产热异常进行判断，因电池系统的热辐射真实存在且影响很大，因此其内部电池单体的温度变化必然遵循热辐射温度分布，目标电池单体的温度必然低于临近热源的相邻电池单体的温度，且高于远离热源的相邻电池单体温度，因目标电池单体的温度与相邻电池单体的温度差异并不大，因此此种方法可有效限制目标电池单体的温度，提高判断的准确性，进一步通过与相邻电池单体对比的方法提高判断准确性；2) Judging the abnormal heat production of the battery from the influence of the thermal radiation of the battery system. Because the thermal radiation of the battery system exists and has a great influence, the temperature change of the internal battery cells must follow the thermal radiation temperature distribution. The temperature must be lower than the temperature of the adjacent battery cells near the heat source, and higher than the temperature of the adjacent battery cells far away from the heat source, because the temperature difference between the target battery cell and the temperature of the adjacent battery cells is not large, so this This method can effectively limit the temperature of the target battery cell, improve the accuracy of judgment, and further improve the judgment accuracy by comparing with adjacent battery cells;
3)本方法消除了外在环境电池单体产热异常判断的影响，若电池系统在大电流或高温环境下，其电池单体温度会整体上升，但并不影响本方法的判断结果，目标电池单体的温度变化规律依然适用，因此本方法的适用范围广，不受环境变化、工况变化和电池类型变化的影响。3) This method eliminates the influence of the judgment of abnormal heat production of the battery cells in the external environment. If the battery system is in a high-current or high-temperature environment, the temperature of the battery cells will rise as a whole, but it will not affect the judgment results of this method. The goal The temperature change law of the battery cell is still applicable, so this method has a wide range of application and is not affected by environmental changes, changes in working conditions, and changes in battery types.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施方式能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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