CN116432841A - Optimal coloring parameter determination method and system for metal laser coloring - Google Patents
Optimal coloring parameter determination method and system for metal laser coloring Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for determining optimal coloring parameters of metal laser coloring. The method comprises the steps of marking a color rectangular coordinate system on a metal sheet through a laser, wherein an X axis of the color rectangular coordinate system is scanning speed, a Y axis is average power, filling and coloring each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system according to a parameter setting method of the color rectangular coordinate system, continuously increasing line spacing of the laser, filling and coloring other metal sheets until laser of the laser cannot enable the surface of the metal sheet to generate stable color, stopping when the line spacing is the maximum line spacing, determining the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as an optimal parameter metal sheet, and determining optimal coloring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet. The invention uses the optimal coloring parameters to perform coloring, and solves the problem of low nanosecond laser coloring efficiency in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser marking, in particular to a method and a system for determining optimal marking parameters of metal laser marking.
Background
Metal coloration techniques are widely used and important. In the traditional coloring method, the metal surface is colored by printing, emulsion coating, chemical treatment and other methods, but the traditional methods generally have the problems of additional material adding, environmental pollution, difficult precise regulation and control and the like.
Along with the development of laser technology, the laser marking technology is gradually applied to metal surface coloring, and the laser coloring technology has the advantages of high processing precision, accurate positioning, bright color, complex pattern shape, low process flow hard loss and the like. Compared with picosecond and femtosecond laser coloring technologies, the nanosecond laser coloring technology has the advantages of higher coloring efficiency and more mature technology.
However, in the prior art, the nanosecond laser coloring technology is not mature to the extent that the technology can be applied on a large scale, and the biggest reason is that the nanosecond laser coloring technology is lower in efficiency than the traditional coloring method, because the sources of the current color parameters are more random and accidentally found, but in fact, the same color can be colored by different parameters, and all parameters of the same color cannot be found only by random and accidental finding, and the parameters of the same color are different in color efficiency due to different laser scanning speeds and different line pitches. Therefore, a parameter determination method capable of obtaining all the coloring parameters of the same color is needed, so that the efficiency of nanosecond laser coloring is maximized by using the optimal coloring parameters for coloring.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for determining optimal coloring parameters of metal laser coloring, which are used for solving the problem of low nanosecond laser coloring efficiency in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
an optimal coloring parameter determining method for metal laser coloring, comprising the following steps:
marking a rectangular color coordinate system on the metal sheet through a laser; the X axis of the rectangular coordinate system of the color is the scanning speed, and the Y axis is the average power;
filling and coloring each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system according to the parameter setting method of the color rectangular coordinate system;
continuously increasing the line spacing of the laser, filling and coloring other metal sheets until the laser of the laser can not lead the surface of the metal sheet to generate stable color, wherein the line spacing is the maximum line spacing;
determining the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as an optimal parameter metal sheet;
and determining the optimal coloring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet.
Optionally, determining the optimal coloring parameter based on the optimal parameter metal sheet specifically includes:
determining a coordinate point parameter corresponding to the maximum scanning speed required by the same color on the optimal parameter metal sheet as a coloring color optimal parameter of the current color;
summarizing the color optimal parameters of all colors to obtain the optimal color parameters.
Optionally, before the laser is used for marking the rectangular coordinate system of the color on the metal sheet, the method further comprises:
all metal sheets were polished and alcohol wiped against the surfaces of all metal sheets.
Optionally, before the laser is used for marking the rectangular coordinate system of the color on the metal sheet, the method further comprises:
focusing the laser and adjusting the defocus amount to 0;
the laser frequency, laser pulse and spot diameter of the laser were fixed, and the line spacing of the laser was set to 0.001mm.
Optionally, the laser is a fiber laser.
Optionally, when each basic cell in the rectangular color coordinate system is filled and colored, the scanning speed ranges from 10mm/min to 240mm/min, 8mm/min is taken as a minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed, and the scanning speed is increased by the minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed along the X-axis direction from the origin of the rectangular color coordinate system until the scanning speed is 240mm/min;
the average power ranges from 0.4w to 12w, the average power is increased by the average power minimum increase unit along the Y-axis direction from the origin of the color rectangular coordinate system by taking 0.4w as the average power minimum increase unit until the average power is 12w.
Alternatively, the line pitch is increased with 0.001mm as the line pitch minimum increasing unit.
The invention also provides a system for determining the optimal coloring parameters of metal laser coloring, which comprises the following steps:
the color rectangular coordinate system determining module is used for marking a color rectangular coordinate system on the metal sheet through a laser; the X axis of the rectangular coordinate system of the color is the scanning speed, and the Y axis is the average power;
the coloring module is used for filling and coloring each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system according to the parameter setting method of the color rectangular coordinate system;
the maximum line interval determining module is used for continuously increasing the line interval of the laser and filling and coloring other metal sheets until the laser of the laser can not lead the surface of the metal sheet to generate stable color, and the line interval is the maximum line interval;
the optimal parameter metal sheet determining module is used for determining the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as an optimal parameter metal sheet;
and the optimal coloring parameter determining module is used for determining optimal coloring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet.
Optionally, the optimal coloring parameter determining module specifically includes:
the coloring color optimal parameter determining unit is used for determining coordinate point parameters corresponding to the maximum scanning speed required by the same color on the optimal parameter metal sheet as the coloring color optimal parameters of the current color;
and the summarizing unit is used for summarizing the color optimal parameters of all colors to obtain the optimal color parameters.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the method and the system for determining the optimal coloring parameters of the metal laser coloring, the laser is used for coloring the metal sheet with the rectangular color coordinate system, each basic cell of the rectangular color coordinate system is filled and colored by increasing the line spacing, the scanning speed and the average power until stable colors cannot be generated on the surface of the metal sheet, the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing is determined as the optimal parameter metal sheet, the optimal coloring parameters of all colors are obtained on the optimal parameter metal sheet, and the coloring energy is increased by utilizing the optimal coloring parameters.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining an optimal metal laser coloring parameter according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular color coordinate system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a finished colored 304 stainless steel sheet according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparison of the purple coloring parameters according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention using optimal color parameters to complete color;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a system for determining an optimal metal laser scoring parameter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for determining optimal coloring parameters of metal laser coloring, wherein a laser is used for coloring a color rectangular coordinate system on a metal sheet, and each basic cell of the color rectangular coordinate system is filled and colored to obtain the optimal coloring parameters, so that the nanosecond laser coloring efficiency is improved.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for determining optimal parameters of metal laser coloring includes:
step 101: marking a rectangular color coordinate system on the metal sheet through a laser; the X-axis of the rectangular color coordinate system is the scanning speed, and the Y-axis is the average power. The laser is a fiber laser. The metal sheet and the metal of the same material to be colored.
Step 102: and filling and coloring each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system according to the parameter setting method of the color rectangular coordinate system.
Further, when filling and coloring each basic cell in the rectangular color coordinate system, the scanning speed ranges from 10mm/min to 240mm/min, 8mm/min is taken as the minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed, and the scanning speed is increased from the origin of the rectangular color coordinate system along the X-axis direction by the minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed until the scanning speed is 240mm/min.
The average power ranges from 0.4w to 12w, and the average power is increased by the average power minimum increase unit from the origin of the rectangular color coordinate system along the Y-axis direction with the average power minimum increase unit taken as the average power minimum increase unit of 0.4w until the average power is 12w.
Step 103: and continuously increasing the line spacing of the laser, filling and coloring other metal sheets until the laser of the laser can not generate stable color on the surface of the metal sheet, wherein the line spacing is the maximum line spacing. The line pitch is increased by 0.001mm as the line pitch minimum increase unit.
The principle of increasing line spacing is that since energy density is closely related to laser coloring, the energy density formula is:
wherein E is the energy density, d 0 Is the diameter of the light spot, P avg Is the average power, d is the line spacing, V sc Is the scanning speed.
According to the energy density formula, when the line spacing is too large, the energy density is reduced, resulting in failure of the laser to break down the metal surface. Therefore, when the line spacing is too large to cause the energy density to be too low and not enough to generate stable color, the increase of the line spacing should be stopped and the coloring of the metal sheet should be ended, and the line spacing is the maximum line spacing.
Step 104: and determining the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as the metal sheet with the optimal parameter.
Step 105: and determining the optimal coloring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet.
Further, the coordinate point parameter corresponding to the maximum scanning speed required by the same color on the optimal parameter metal sheet is determined as the coloring color optimal parameter of the current color. Summarizing the optimal color parameters of all colors to obtain the optimal color parameters.
When the rectangular color coordinate system of the metal sheet is filled according to the parameter setting, a very obvious color change rule appears on the rectangular color coordinate system, namely, when the average power of the parameter of the same color is low, the scanning speed is increased along with the increase of the average power, but the rule has a critical value, namely, when the average power is larger than a certain value, the scanning speed required by the same color can wander at a certain value and can not continue to be increased along with the increase of the average power.
Further, before step 101, the method further includes:
all metal sheets were polished and alcohol wiped against the surfaces of all metal sheets.
The laser is focused, and the defocus amount is adjusted to 0.
The laser frequency, laser pulse and spot diameter of the laser were fixed, and the line spacing of the laser was set to 0.001mm.
Example two
A 304 stainless steel sheet having a size of 100mm×100mm×1.5mm was selected, the surface of the 304 stainless steel sheet was polished to a mirror-surface state, and alcohol wiping was performed on the surface of the 304 stainless steel sheet. Focusing the optical fiber laser, adjusting the defocus amount to 0, fixing the laser frequency, the laser pulse and the spot diameter in the optical fiber laser control software, and setting the line interval of the optical fiber laser to 0.001mm.
As shown in FIG. 2, the 304 stainless steel sheet is marked with a rectangular coordinate system of color, the abscissa V sc The scanning speed of the fiber laser, the ordinate P avg The fiber laser is divided into grids for the average power of the fiber laser and the rectangular color coordinate system, and each unit cell is 2mm multiplied by 2mm. A total of 30 columns of cells parallel to the Y-axis direction and a total of 28 rows of cells parallel to the X-axis direction.
Filling and coloring each basic cell by a progressive coloring method. The average power of the fixed laser is 0.4w, the scanning speed starts to scan from 10mm/min, and the scanning speed is gradually increased to 240mm/min by the minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed, so that the 1 st row coloring is finished. And increasing the average power to 0.8w by using the minimum increasing unit of the average power of 0.4w, starting running at the scanning speed of 10mm/min by using the average power of 0.8w of the fixed laser, and gradually increasing the scanning speed to 240mm/min by using the minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed of 8mm/min to finish the line 2 coloring. And gradually increasing the average power of the fiber laser to 12w, filling and coloring 28 rows of unit cells of the 304 stainless steel sheet, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the 304 stainless steel sheet after coloring. And continuously increasing the line spacing of the optical fiber laser by taking 0.001mm as the minimum increasing unit of the line spacing, filling and coloring other 304 stainless steel sheets until the laser of the optical fiber laser can not lead the surface of the 304 stainless steel sheet to generate stable color, and stopping, wherein the line spacing is the maximum line spacing. And determining the 304 stainless steel sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as the metal sheet with the optimal parameter.
As shown in fig. 4, the maximum scanning parameter value corresponding to purple is selected from the optimal parameter metal sheet, recorded and stored, the laser frequency is 200KHz, the pulse width is 100ns, the line spacing is 0.010mm, the scanning speed is 152mm/min, and the average power is 4.8w, which is the current optimal parameter of the coloring color of purple. The optimal parameter of the color of the purple color is compared with other color parameters of the purple color, and according to the comparison, the optimal parameter of the color of the purple color can be obviously found to be more than one time faster than the other color parameters of the purple color.
Summarizing the optimal parameters of the coloring colors of all colors to obtain optimal coloring parameters, and completing metal laser coloring of the patterns by using the optimal coloring parameters. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the completion of a scoring using optimal scoring parameters.
Example III
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention further provides a system for determining an optimal metal laser coloring parameter, which includes:
a color rectangular coordinate system determining module 201, configured to mark a color rectangular coordinate system on a metal sheet by using a laser; the X-axis of the rectangular color coordinate system is the scanning speed, and the Y-axis is the average power.
The coloring module 202 is configured to fill and color each basic cell in the rectangular color coordinate system according to the parameter setting method of the rectangular color coordinate system.
And the maximum line interval determining module 203 is configured to continuously increase the line interval of the laser, fill and color other metal sheets until the laser of the laser can not generate stable color on the surface of the metal sheet, and at this time, the line interval is the maximum line interval.
And the optimal parameter metal sheet determining module 204 is configured to determine a metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as an optimal parameter metal sheet.
The optimal coloring parameter determining module 205 is configured to determine an optimal coloring parameter based on the optimal parameter metal sheet.
The optimal color parameter determination module 205 includes:
and the coloring color optimal parameter determining unit is used for determining coordinate point parameters corresponding to the maximum scanning speed required by the same color on the optimal parameter metal sheet as the coloring color optimal parameters of the current color.
And the summarizing unit is used for summarizing the color-coloring optimal parameters of all colors to obtain the optimal color-coloring parameters.
According to the method and the system for determining the optimal coloring parameters of the metal laser coloring, the laser is used for coloring the metal sheet with the rectangular color coordinate system, each basic cell of the rectangular color coordinate system is filled and colored by increasing the line spacing, the scanning speed and the average power until stable colors cannot be generated on the surface of the metal sheet, the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing is determined as the optimal parameter metal sheet, the optimal coloring parameters of all colors are obtained on the optimal parameter metal sheet, and the coloring energy is increased by utilizing the optimal coloring parameters. Different from the prior random discovery of the color parameters, the method can intuitively, comprehensively and scientifically discover the optimal color parameters of the nanosecond laser, and can maximally improve the color efficiency of the nanosecond laser after integrating the optimal color parameters.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for determining the optimal coloring parameters of the metal laser coloring is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
marking a rectangular color coordinate system on the metal sheet through a laser; the X axis of the rectangular coordinate system of the color is the scanning speed, and the Y axis is the average power;
filling and coloring each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system according to the parameter setting method of the color rectangular coordinate system;
continuously increasing the line spacing of the laser, filling and coloring other metal sheets until the laser of the laser can not lead the surface of the metal sheet to generate stable color, wherein the line spacing is the maximum line spacing;
determining the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as an optimal parameter metal sheet;
and determining the optimal coloring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet.
2. The method for determining optimal scoring parameters according to claim 1, wherein determining optimal scoring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet comprises:
determining a coordinate point parameter corresponding to the maximum scanning speed required by the same color on the optimal parameter metal sheet as a coloring color optimal parameter of the current color;
summarizing the color optimal parameters of all colors to obtain the optimal color parameters.
3. The method of determining optimal color parameters according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to the coloring of the metal sheet by the laser:
all metal sheets were polished and alcohol wiped against the surfaces of all metal sheets.
4. The method of determining optimal color parameters according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to the coloring of the metal sheet by the laser:
focusing the laser and adjusting the defocus amount to 0;
the laser frequency, laser pulse and spot diameter of the laser were fixed, and the line spacing of the laser was set to 0.001mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser is a fiber laser.
6. The optimal coloring parameter determining method according to claim 1, wherein when each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system is filled and colored, the scanning speed ranges from 10mm/min to 240mm/min, 8mm/min is taken as a minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed, and the scanning speed is increased from the origin of the color rectangular coordinate system along the X-axis direction by the minimum increasing unit of the scanning speed until the scanning speed is 240mm/min;
the average power ranges from 0.4w to 12w, the average power is increased by the average power minimum increase unit along the Y-axis direction from the origin of the color rectangular coordinate system by taking 0.4w as the average power minimum increase unit until the average power is 12w.
7. The optimum coloring parameter determining method according to claim 1, wherein the line pitch is increased with 0.001mm as a line pitch minimum increase unit.
8. An optimal scoring parameter determination system for metal laser scoring, comprising:
the color rectangular coordinate system determining module is used for marking a color rectangular coordinate system on the metal sheet through a laser; the X axis of the rectangular coordinate system of the color is the scanning speed, and the Y axis is the average power;
the coloring module is used for filling and coloring each basic cell in the color rectangular coordinate system according to the parameter setting method of the color rectangular coordinate system;
the maximum line interval determining module is used for continuously increasing the line interval of the laser and filling and coloring other metal sheets until the laser of the laser can not lead the surface of the metal sheet to generate stable color, and the line interval is the maximum line interval;
the optimal parameter metal sheet determining module is used for determining the metal sheet corresponding to the maximum line spacing as an optimal parameter metal sheet;
and the optimal coloring parameter determining module is used for determining optimal coloring parameters based on the optimal parameter metal sheet.
9. The optimal scoring parameter determination system of claim 8, wherein the optimal scoring parameter determination module specifically comprises:
the coloring color optimal parameter determining unit is used for determining coordinate point parameters corresponding to the maximum scanning speed required by the same color on the optimal parameter metal sheet as the coloring color optimal parameters of the current color;
and the summarizing unit is used for summarizing the color optimal parameters of all colors to obtain the optimal color parameters.
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