CN116430805A - Workshop scheduling control method and device, production line and working machine - Google Patents
Workshop scheduling control method and device, production line and working machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of production lines, and provides a workshop scheduling control method and device, a production line and a working machine, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining an initial scheduling scheme based on a received target production task; simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme; determining target parameters based on simulation results, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in performance parameters of an initial scheduling scheme; determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained after optimizing the target parameters; and controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme. The production line is used for solving the technical problem of lower production efficiency of the production line in the prior art, and can effectively improve the production efficiency of the production line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production lines, in particular to a workshop scheduling control method and device, a production line and a working machine.
Background
As an important link in the production and management process, workshop scheduling has been attracting attention, and accordingly, workshop scheduling problems are also a hotspot for researchers to study.
The workshop scheduling problem is widely applied to a plurality of production lines in the mechanical manufacturing industry, such as various industries of electronics, steel and the like, and belongs to the application scene of the workshop scheduling problem.
However, in the prior art, the workshop scheduling scheme is mostly focused on academic angles, the real situation of the production line is not known deeply, and the practical problems in the production line cannot be optimized and improved pertinently, so that the production efficiency of the production line is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a workshop scheduling control method and device, a production line and an operation machine, which are used for solving the defect that the production efficiency of the production line is low because the workshop scheduling scheme in the prior art cannot carry out targeted optimization improvement on the practically existing problems in the production line, and can effectively improve the production efficiency of the production line.
The invention provides a workshop scheduling control method, which comprises the following steps:
determining an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
determining target parameters based on simulation results, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in performance parameters of an initial scheduling scheme;
Determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained after optimizing the target parameters;
and controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, the production process of the target production task is simulated based on the initial scheduling scheme, and the workshop scheduling control method comprises the following steps:
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and preset configuration information, wherein the configuration information comprises information of the target production task and station information of a production line corresponding to the target production task.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, the simulation of the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and the preset configuration information comprises the following steps:
determining a plurality of time nodes of the production process based on the initial scheduling scheme and the configuration information;
and establishing a time axis of the production process, and adding a plurality of time nodes to the time axis of the production process to obtain the simulation result.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, the target parameters are determined based on the simulation result, and the workshop scheduling control method comprises the following steps:
Based on the simulation result, determining a plurality of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
the target parameter is determined based on several performance parameters.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, the determining of the plurality of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme based on the simulation result comprises the following steps:
determining a number of production phases of the production process based on a number of the time nodes on a time axis of the production process;
a number of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme are determined based on the time spent and frequency of occurrence of a number of the production phases.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, an optimal scheduling scheme is determined based on target parameters, and the workshop scheduling control method comprises the following steps:
and optimizing the initial scheduling scheme based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions, and determining an optimized scheduling scheme.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, the initial scheduling scheme comprises a procedure sequence scheduling and an equipment selection scheduling, wherein the procedure sequence scheduling is used for determining the completion sequence of each procedure in the target production task, and the equipment selection scheduling is used for determining production equipment used by each procedure;
optimizing an initial scheduling scheme based on target parameters and preset constraint conditions, and determining an optimized scheduling scheme, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Encoding the sequence schedule of the process;
performing iterative updating on the coded sequence scheduling of the working procedure for a plurality of times based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions;
and decoding the procedure sequence schedule after iterative updating by combining the equipment selection schedule to obtain the optimized scheduling scheme.
The invention also provides a workshop scheduling control device, which comprises:
a first determining unit, configured to determine an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
the simulation unit is used for simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
the second determining unit is used for determining target parameters based on simulation results, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in the performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
the third determining unit is used for determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained by optimizing the target parameters;
and the control unit is used for controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
The invention also provides a production line, which comprises the workshop scheduling control device or the workshop scheduling control system.
The invention also provides a working machine which is produced by the production line.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes any workshop scheduling control method when executing the program.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the shop floor control methods described above.
The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which when executed by a processor implements any of the shop floor control methods described above.
According to the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention, the initial scheduling scheme before improvement can be determined based on the received target production task, the target parameter can be determined after the production process of the target production task is simulated based on the initial scheduling scheme, and then the optimal scheduling scheme can be determined, and the target parameter is the parameter to be optimized in the performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme, so that the workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention can carry out targeted optimization improvement on the initial scheduling scheme, and then can effectively improve the production efficiency when the production line is controlled to complete the target production task based on the optimal scheduling scheme.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a production line provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a shop scheduling control method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a Gantt chart of an initial scheduling scheme provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a Gantt chart of an optimized scheduling scheme provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a plant scheduling control device provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a plant scheduling control system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a plant scheduling control system according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a third schematic diagram of a plant scheduling control system provided by the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
101: and a material port.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a production line provided by the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the production line provided in this embodiment may include multiple production devices such as an automatic bending device and a leveling device, and each production device may also be provided with multiple production devices, such as an automatic bending device 1, an automatic bending device 2 and an automatic bending device 3, which all belong to the automatic bending production devices, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that each production device is provided with multiple material openings 101, the material openings 101 may be used for supplementing materials for the production devices, and the empty boxes can be used for loading materials and transporting the materials to the corresponding material openings 101 through the logistics channels during the material supplementing process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a workshop scheduling control method provided by the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a workshop scheduling control method, including:
In practice, the target production task may be an order received by a production line, the initial scheduling scheme may be a default scheduling scheme, for example, a scheme based on the work piece priority processing with the largest number of working procedures may be used, for example, the target production task may refer to producing 100 a work pieces, 80B work pieces and 100C work pieces, wherein 10 working procedures are required for producing a work piece, 15 working procedures are required for producing a B work piece, 6 working procedures are required for producing a C work piece, so that the initial scheduling scheme may be that 80B work pieces are produced first, 100 a work pieces are produced again, and 100C work pieces are produced finally.
For the initial scheduling scheme, only the number of processes required for producing each workpiece is considered, and the constraint condition is too one-sided, so that the production efficiency of the target production task is likely to be affected, for example, the same mold may be used in the process of producing the B workpiece and the process of producing the C workpiece, another mold may be used in the process of producing the a workpiece, and when the target production task is produced according to the initial scheduling scheme, the mold needs to be replaced twice, namely, the mold corresponding to the a workpiece after the B workpiece is produced and the mold corresponding to the C workpiece is replaced after the a workpiece is produced, but in practice, for the example, only one mold needs to be replaced at least, so that there is room for improvement in the initial scheduling scheme.
In practical application, the production process of the target production task can be simulated based on the initial scheduling scheme, namely, the actual production process is reproduced in a virtual mode, so that the target parameter can be determined based on the simulation result without actual production, the target parameter is the parameter to be optimized in the performance parameter of the initial scheduling scheme, the performance parameter is the parameter for evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the initial scheduling scheme, for example, the performance parameter can comprise parameters such as the number of times of replacing the mould and total finishing time, generally, the scheduling scheme with less times of replacing the mould is superior to the scheduling scheme with more times of replacing the mould, the scheduling scheme with short total finishing time is superior to the scheduling scheme with long total finishing time, based on the fact, a threshold value can be set for each performance parameter of the initial scheduling scheme in advance, the performance parameter is determined to be the target parameter when the performance parameter exceeds the corresponding threshold value, for example, the threshold value of the number of times of replacing the mould can be 10 times, if the number of times of replacing the mould of the initial scheduling scheme exceeds 10 times, the number of times of replacing the mould is determined to be the target parameter, and the performance parameter of the number of times of replacing the mould is determined to be optimized.
In implementation, the number of target parameters can be one or more, after the target parameters are determined, an optimal scheduling scheme can be determined based on the target parameters, and further, the production line can be controlled to complete target production tasks based on the optimal scheduling scheme.
In this embodiment, an initial scheduling scheme before improvement can be determined based on a received target production task, after a production process of the target production task is simulated based on the initial scheduling scheme, a target parameter can be determined, and then an optimal scheduling scheme can be determined.
In an exemplary embodiment, simulating a production process of a target production task based on an initial scheduling scheme includes:
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and preset configuration information, wherein the configuration information comprises information of the target production task and station information of a production line corresponding to the target production task.
In practical application, a digital twin model can be constructed in advance, the digital twin model comprises a logic reproduction module and a visualization module, wherein the logic reproduction module can take the actual processing flow of production line processing as a standard, comb various constraint conditions, split a physical world into a plurality of details by a digital means, and map the details to the digital world, namely simulate the production process of a target production task.
In implementation, the related information of the initial scheduling scheme and the preset configuration information can be input into a logic reproduction module, in the logic reproduction module, the production process of the target production task can be simulated based on the initial scheduling scheme and the configuration information, and in particular, in the logic reproduction module, the production process of the target production task completed by the production line under the initial scheduling scheme can be simulated. Because the configuration information can comprise the information of the target production task and the station information of the production line corresponding to the target production task, the simulation result can better reflect the real situation of the production process.
In an exemplary embodiment, the simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and the preset configuration information includes:
determining a plurality of time nodes of the production process based on the initial scheduling scheme and the configuration information;
and establishing a time axis of the production process, and adding a plurality of time nodes to the time axis of the production process to obtain the simulation result.
In implementation, a time axis may be established, or a plurality of time axes may be established, where each time axis represents a process when establishing a plurality of time axes, and for each time axis, a corresponding time node is added based on an initial scheduling scheme, and the types of the time nodes include a start processing node, a stop processing node, a start transportation node, a stop transportation node, a start mold changing node, a stop mold changing node, a start waiting node, a stop waiting node, and the like.
The processing start node may represent a process start processing material represented by the time axis, and may include information such as a type of the processed material and a selection of processing equipment.
The stop processing node may represent a process stop processing material represented by the time axis.
The start of transportation node may represent the start of transportation of the material, and the node may contain information of the kind of the transported material, the position of the start point of transportation, the position of the end point of transportation, and the like.
Stopping the transportation node may indicate stopping the transportation of the material, i.e. indicating that the material is transported to the destination.
The start of mold change node may be used to indicate the start of mold change for the production line.
The stop change node may be used to indicate that the change of the mold for the production line is completed.
The start wait node may indicate that the process represented by the time axis is paused.
The stop-wait node may indicate that the process represented by the time axis is stopped and execution is started.
The information such as the type of the processed material and the selection of the processing equipment can be determined based on the information of the target production task in the configuration information, and the information such as the position of the start point of transportation and the position of the end point of transportation can be determined based on the station information of the production line corresponding to the target production task in the configuration information.
In practical applications, only one time axis may be established, and thus, the one time axis is used to represent the completion of all the procedures of the target production task.
In implementation, after a plurality of time nodes are added on the time axis, the steps of processing, stopping processing, starting transportation, stopping transportation, starting waiting, stopping waiting and the like are represented along with time, so that the simulation of the production process of the target production task is realized, the logical reproduction of the production manufacturing of the production line can be realized, and in the embodiment, the simulation result can be more accurate by combining the information of the target production task and the station information of the production line corresponding to the target production task.
In an exemplary embodiment, determining the target parameter based on the results of the simulation includes:
based on the simulation result, determining a plurality of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
the target parameter is determined based on several performance parameters.
In the implementation, after the simulation of the initial scheduling scheme is finished, a simulation result can be obtained, further, a plurality of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme can be clearly and intuitively determined based on the simulation result, and further, target parameters can be clearly and intuitively determined.
In an exemplary embodiment, the determining, based on the results of the simulation, a number of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme includes:
determining a number of production phases of the production process based on a number of the time nodes on a time axis of the production process;
a number of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme are determined based on the time spent and frequency of occurrence of a number of the production phases.
In practical application, the simulation result may be a time axis provided by the above embodiment, and since a time node may be added to the time axis in the simulation process, a visualized gante graph may be generated based on the time axis and the time node on the time axis, in the gante graph, time may be used as a horizontal axis coordinate, each process of the initial scheduling scheme may be used as a vertical axis coordinate, and based on the gante graph, the production process of the target production task may be clearly displayed.
In practical applications, since the types of time nodes include several types, several production phases of the production process may be determined based on the several time nodes on the time axis, where the production phases may include a processing phase, a transportation phase, a waiting phase, etc., for example, the processing phase may be determined based on a start processing node and a stop processing node, the transportation phase may be determined based on a start transportation node and a stop transportation node, the mold changing phase may be determined based on a start mold changing node and a stop mold changing node, and the waiting phase may be determined based on a start waiting node and a stop waiting node.
After determining the production phase, several performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme may be determined based on the time spent and frequency of occurrence of the production phase, for example, the performance parameters may be a total completion time, so the total completion time may be determined based on the sum of the time spent of all production phases, the performance parameters may also be a number of mold changes, so the number of mold changes may be determined based on the frequency of occurrence of the mold changes.
In practical application, the target parameter may be determined based on the time and frequency of the production stage, and the determining process of the target parameter is described below taking the determined target parameter as the total completion time as an example.
In practice, whether the total completion time is the target parameter can be determined by determining whether the initial scheduling scheme has a bottleneck problem, in practical application, in the initial scheduling scheme of the target production task, the production process needs to go through a plurality of working procedures, and the completion of the target production task can be determined in all working procedures, so that the total completion time of the target production task is determined according to the completion time of the last working procedure, that is, if the time spent of the longest working procedure is greater than the time spent of other working procedures, the time spent of the longest working procedure can be determined to influence the total completion time of the target production task, based on the determination, the initial scheduling scheme can be determined to have the bottleneck problem, wherein the time spent of the longest working procedure is the bottleneck of the initial scheduling scheme, and the total completion time can be determined to be the target parameter.
Fig. 3 is a gater diagram of an initial scheduling scheme provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a gante diagram of an optimized scheduling scheme provided by the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, it can be clearly seen that the sum of the time spent in all production stages of the procedure B is the largest, that is, the time spent in the procedure B is the longest, and is T1, that is, the total completion time of the initial scheduling scheme is T1, the time spent in the procedure C is next to the procedure B and is T2, and it can be determined that the time spent in the procedure B significantly exceeds the time spent in the procedure C by T2, based on which it can be determined that the initial scheduling scheme has a bottleneck problem, wherein the procedure B is a bottleneck, and further, it can be determined that the total completion time is a target parameter, and after determining the target parameter, it can be determined that the optimal scheduling scheme is based on the target parameter.
As shown in fig. 4, the total completion time of the optimized scheduling scheme obtained after the initial scheduling scheme is optimized is T3, which is significantly shorter than the total completion time T1 of the initial scheduling scheme.
In this embodiment, a plurality of production stages of the production process may be determined based on a plurality of time nodes on a time axis of the production process, and a plurality of performance parameters may be determined based on time spent and occurrence frequencies of the plurality of production stages, so that the performance parameters may be more comprehensively and accurately determined.
In an exemplary embodiment, determining an optimal scheduling scheme based on target parameters includes:
and optimizing the initial scheduling scheme based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions, and determining an optimized scheduling scheme.
In practical applications, the constraint conditions may be rules to be adhered to in the production process of the production line, and exemplary constraint conditions may include process sequence constraint, station machine material gate occupation, empty box circulation, timely material gate replenishment, replenishment priority setting, empty box matching, mold matching, AGV transportation and the like.
Wherein the process sequence constraint refers to that for a production facility, the next process can only be performed after the currently performed process is completed.
Station machine port occupancy refers to the inability to receive new material if all ports 101 of the production facility are occupied.
Empty bin circulation refers to the fact that after the production equipment completes a current production task, materials are placed in empty bins to be transported away, and meanwhile new empty bins are transported to wait for new materials.
Timely replenishment of the material openings refers to timely transportation of materials to the empty material openings 101 if at least one empty material opening 101 exists in production equipment.
The replenishment priority setting refers to that any material can not be replenished in the replenishment process of the production equipment, but the material to be processed is replenished according to the initial scheduling scheme.
Empty box matching refers to the need to use empty boxes of proper types in the process of transporting materials by using the empty boxes.
The matching of the dies refers to that corresponding dies are needed when different materials are processed by production equipment, and if the dies are not matched, the dies need to be replaced.
AGV transportation refers to the process of transporting materials to a material rack for temporary storage, and transporting the materials from the material rack to a corresponding empty material port 101 after waiting for meeting the constraints such as timely replenishment of the material port and replenishment priority.
Illustratively, the process sequence constraints therein may be expressed as equation (1):
S jh +X ijh ×P ijh ≤C jh (1)
wherein the mold match can be expressed as formula (2):
T mi ＝P ij +T ij (2)
wherein i refers to the ith machine on the production line, j refers to the jth workpiece to be produced in the target production task, h refers to the h process of a certain workpiece, based on which S jh The start processing time of the h process of the j-th workpiece can be C jh The finishing time of the h working procedure of the j-th workpiece can be P ijh Processing time of the ith working procedure of the jth workpiece on the ith machine, P ij Can be the processing time of the jth workpiece on the ith machine, T ij The waiting time, X, required for changing the mould on the ith machine for the jth workpiece ijh Satisfy formula (3):
still referring to fig. 3, for example, after determining that the target parameter of the initial scheduling scheme is the total completion time and determining that the total completion time is longer due to the bottleneck problem, the initial scheduling scheme may be optimized for the bottleneck of the initial scheduling scheme, that is, for the process B, specifically, the time of the process B may be shortened in the optimization process, for example, the time of the process B may be shortened by means of changing the process sequence, etc., and after shortening the time of the process B, the total completion time of the initial scheduling scheme is correspondingly shortened, so that the optimized scheduling scheme may be determined, that is, the scheduling scheme obtained by changing the process sequence on the basis of the initial scheduling scheme.
In this embodiment, the initial scheduling scheme may be optimized based on the target parameter and a preset constraint condition, and since the preset constraint condition is a rule to be observed in the production process of the production line, optimizing the initial scheduling scheme based on the constraint condition may ensure the safety of the optimization process and the safety of the production process of the target production task.
In an exemplary embodiment, the constraint conditions include a base constraint and a special constraint;
the special constraints are determined based on the target production task.
In practical application, constraint conditions can be divided into basic constraint and special constraint, wherein the special constraint is constraint which can possibly generate change according to different target production tasks, the basic constraint is constraint which cannot generate change according to different target production tasks, the basic constraint can be determined based on the target production tasks, and particularly, the target production tasks can have various different production lines corresponding to different target production tasks, and based on the basic constraint, the special constraint can be determined according to the different production lines corresponding to the target production tasks.
In practice, the constraint conditions may include process sequence constraint, station machine material gate occupation, empty box circulation, timely material gate replenishment, replenishment priority setting, empty box matching, mold matching, and AGV transportation, where the basic constraint may include process sequence constraint, station machine material gate occupation, empty box circulation, and AGV transportation, and the special constraint may include material gate replenishment, replenishment priority setting, empty box matching, and mold matching, for example.
In this embodiment, considering that different constraint conditions may be corresponding to different target production tasks, the constraint conditions are divided into basic constraint and special constraint, and different special constraint is selected for different target production tasks, so that deep knowledge of the target production tasks and the real conditions of the corresponding production lines can be achieved, and the determined optimal scheduling scheme can better control the production lines to complete the target production tasks.
In an exemplary embodiment, the initial scheduling scheme includes a process sequence schedule for determining a completion sequence of each process in the target production task and an equipment selection schedule for determining production equipment used for each process;
optimizing an initial scheduling scheme based on target parameters and preset constraint conditions, and determining an optimized scheduling scheme, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
encoding the sequence schedule of the process;
performing iterative updating on the coded sequence scheduling of the working procedure for a plurality of times based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions;
and decoding the procedure sequence schedule after iterative updating by combining the equipment selection schedule to obtain the optimized scheduling scheme.
In implementation, in the process of optimizing the initial scheduling scheme, the initial scheduling scheme may be iteratively updated based on a genetic algorithm.
The genetic algorithm is a common method for searching the optimal solution, can realize self iteration, and enables a part of initial population to perform the natural selection of the superior and inferior individuals, preserve good individuals and eliminate the poor individuals by simulating the natural selection and genetic principle of the Darwin biological evolutionary theory.
The second generation non-dominant ordered genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is a common genetic algorithm, in practical application, the NSGA-II algorithm can be used, and after a certain improvement on the coding process and the decoding process of the NSGA-II algorithm, the initial scheduling scheme is iteratively updated based on the improved genetic algorithm.
In this embodiment, in the process of performing iterative updating on the initial scheduling scheme by applying the genetic algorithm, the number of iterations may be preset, and exemplary, the number of iterations may be set to 100, that is, in this embodiment, the genetic algorithm is applied to perform iterative updating on the initial scheduling scheme for 100 times.
The scheduling scheme in the prior art may also apply a genetic algorithm, but the existing genetic algorithm is usually two-segment coding, namely, the selection of a production procedure and production equipment is respectively coded, in the implementation, when the coding process is improved, the conventional two-segment coding can be improved to one-segment coding, namely, only the production procedure can be coded, and when the production equipment is decoded, the selection can be further carried out, so that the two-segment coding is changed to one-segment coding, the calculation amount in the subsequent iterative updating can be greatly reduced, the population range in the genetic algorithm can be reduced, the solution space can be reduced, and the optimal scheduling scheme can be determined more quickly.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 1, for each process, a plurality of same production devices are often arranged in a production line, during practical production, the production devices can be flexibly selected, and idle production devices can also process other materials. In this embodiment, during the encoding process, only the sequence of the working procedures may be encoded, without considering the selection of the production equipment, after the iterative updating of the initial scheduling scheme is performed, in the decoding process, considering which production equipment is selected, for example, the sequence of the working procedures of the target production task may be "121", the first working procedure of the first workpiece is performed first, then the first working procedure of the second workpiece is performed, and finally the second working procedure of the first workpiece is performed, based on this, during the encoding process, only the sequence of the working procedures represented by "121" may be encoded, during the decoding process, considering which first equipment is used by each working procedure, assuming that the first working procedure of the first workpiece and the first working procedure of the second workpiece are the same working procedure, in the production line, the equipment 1 and the equipment 2 may all complete this working procedure, in the decoding process of the first working procedure of the first workpiece may be judged whether the equipment 1 is occupied first, if the equipment 1 is not occupied, and then the first working procedure 1 is actually completed by the first working procedure of the first workpiece.
Because the larger the initial population in the genetic algorithm is, the larger the calculated amount is, in the embodiment, the number of the initial population can be effectively reduced by only coding the sequence of the working procedures, the solution space can be effectively reduced, the calculated amount is reduced, and the optimal scheduling scheme can be conveniently and quickly determined
In practice, the coding process can be further improved according to the production process on the basis of one-stage coding, specifically, the production process can be divided into two types of common processes and die changing processes based on whether die changing is needed in the production process, wherein the common processes represent that the next process can be performed without die changing after the process is completed, the die changing process represents that the next process can be performed without die changing after the process is completed, so that,
in the conventional NSGA-II algorithm decoding process, semi-effective decoding is used, and the decoding space of the semi-effective decoding is larger, so that in implementation, the semi-effective decoding can be improved to be effective decoding, and therefore, the decoding space can be further reduced, and the faster determination of the optimal scheduling scheme is facilitated.
In addition, production equipment corresponding to a later production procedure in a scheduling scheme in the prior art may have longer idle waiting time, but constraint conditions of timely replenishment of a material port exist in an actual scheduling process, so that conflicts of the actual scheduling process and the scheduling scheme are generated, production efficiency is also affected, based on the conflicts, the production equipment in the idle waiting time can determine a workpiece needing to be subjected to the corresponding procedure in a greedy searching mode, and preferentially process the workpiece, so that the production efficiency can be improved.
In this embodiment, by using an improved genetic algorithm, the procedure sequence schedule of the initial scheduling scheme is encoded first, then the initial scheduling scheme is iteratively updated for several times based on the target parameter and the preset constraint condition, and finally, after the decoding is performed by selecting the schedule by combining the device, the optimal scheduling scheme can be determined.
The shop floor control device provided by the invention is described below, and the shop floor control device described below and the shop floor control method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a shop scheduling control device provided by the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the shop scheduling control device provided in this embodiment includes:
a first determining unit 501, configured to determine an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
the simulation unit 502 is configured to simulate a production process of a target production task based on an initial scheduling scheme;
a second determining unit 503, configured to determine a target parameter based on a result of the simulation, where the target parameter is a parameter to be optimized in the performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
A third determining unit 504, configured to determine an optimal scheduling scheme based on the target parameter, where the optimal scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained by optimizing the target parameter;
the control unit 505 is configured to control the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
In an exemplary embodiment, the simulation unit 502 is specifically configured to:
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and preset configuration information, wherein the configuration information comprises information of the target production task and station information of a production line corresponding to the target production task.
In an exemplary embodiment, the simulation unit 502 is specifically configured to:
determining a plurality of time nodes of the production process based on the initial scheduling scheme and the configuration information;
and establishing a time axis of the production process, and adding a plurality of time nodes to the time axis of the production process to obtain the simulation result.
In an exemplary embodiment, the second determining unit 503 is specifically configured to:
based on the simulation result, determining a plurality of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
the target parameter is determined based on several performance parameters.
In an exemplary embodiment, the second determining unit 503 is specifically configured to:
Determining a number of production phases of the production process based on a number of the time nodes on a time axis of the production process;
a number of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme are determined based on the time spent and frequency of occurrence of a number of the production phases.
In an exemplary embodiment, the third determining unit 504 is specifically configured to:
and optimizing the initial scheduling scheme based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions, and determining an optimized scheduling scheme.
In an exemplary embodiment, the initial scheduling scheme includes a process sequence schedule for determining a completion sequence of each process in the target production task and an equipment selection schedule for determining production equipment used for each process; the third determining unit 504 is specifically configured to:
encoding the sequence schedule of the process;
performing iterative updating on the coded sequence scheduling of the working procedure for a plurality of times based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions;
and decoding the procedure sequence schedule after iterative updating by combining the equipment selection schedule to obtain the optimized scheduling scheme.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a shop scheduling control system provided by the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a plant scheduling control system according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a third schematic diagram of a plant scheduling control system according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention further provides a shop scheduling control system, where the shop scheduling control system includes:
a controller 601 for executing the shop scheduling control method according to any one of the above embodiments;
the digital twin module 602 is configured to simulate a production process of a target production task based on an initial scheduling scheme;
an operation module 603 is configured to determine an optimal scheduling scheme based on the target parameter.
The digital twin module 602 includes a logic reproduction module and a visualization module, wherein the logic reproduction module can take an actual processing flow of a production line as a specification, comb various constraint conditions, split a physical world into a plurality of rules by a digital means, map the rules into the digital world, and simulate a production process of a target production task. The visualization module can display the simulation result in the form of Gantt chart as a summarizing interface of each stage of product processing, which is self-consistent before and after, so as to describe the field production condition of the production line.
As shown in fig. 7, the controller 601 may include a factory central control 701 and a production line central control 702, where the factory central control 701 is configured to receive a target production task and send the target production task to the production line central control 702, and the production line central control 702 controls the production line to complete the target production task based on the target production task, and after the target production task is completed, the production line central control 702 sends completion information to the factory central control 701.
In implementation, the shop scheduling control system may further include a PLC module 703, a WMS module 704, and an RCS module 705, where the PLC module 703 may obtain information of each production device in the production line, including a workpiece processing state, a material port state, etc., for example, the PLC module may determine whether the material port of the production device is empty by using an RFID technology, and if the material port of the production device is empty, send a transport request to a central control of the production line; the WMS module 704 is configured to perform inventory management, and specifically, the WMS module may determine a start point and an end point of transportation before transporting the material, and send the information to the RCS module; the RCS module 705 is used to control the production line for material transport, for example, the RCS module may use RFID technology to determine the location of the material in transport. In practical applications, the PLC module 703, WMS module 704, and RCS module 705 are closely matched to accomplish the target production task.
As shown in fig. 8, the workshop scheduling control system further includes a database 801 and a data interface 802, where the database 801 has complete functions of data storage, data uploading, data downloading, data displaying, account management, rights management, and the like, and is used for integrating and managing data, and the database 801 can integrate and normalize data through sharing and management of upstream and downstream data of a production line, lay a foundation for the creation of the digital twin module 602 and the operation module 603, and serve as an information transfer station, and is responsible for returning the processing condition of a product. The database 801 includes material data, station data, production task data, and the like, where the material data includes a code of a material, a type of the material, a model of an empty box required for carrying the material, a number of materials that can be carried in the empty box, a process route required for producing the material, a processing takt time for producing the material, and the like; the station data comprise a process corresponding to each production device, the type and the number of the material openings of each production device and the like; the production task data includes data such as the kind and number of workpieces to be produced, the completion time, and the like.
In practical application, the material data and the station data are stored in the database 801 in advance, the received data of the target production task are also stored in the database 801 through the data interface 802, then the operation module 603 receives the instruction of optimizing and updating through the data interface 802, reads the material data, the station data and the data of the target production task from the database 801, the operation module 603 determines the optimized scheduling scheme, then stores the optimized scheduling scheme in the database 801, and the production line central control 702 reads the optimized scheduling scheme from the database 801 through the data interface 802 and controls the production line to complete the target production task.
The invention also provides a production line, which comprises the workshop scheduling control device of any embodiment or the workshop scheduling control system.
The invention also provides a working machine which is produced by the production line.
Fig. 9 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, as shown in fig. 9, which may include: processor 910, communication interface (Communications Interface), memory 930, and communication bus 940, wherein processor 910, communication interface 920, and memory 930 communicate with each other via communication bus 940. The processor 910 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 930 to perform a shop floor control method comprising:
Determining an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
determining target parameters based on simulation results, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in performance parameters of an initial scheduling scheme;
determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained after optimizing the target parameters;
and controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 930 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method of the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, where the computer program product includes a computer program, where the computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the workshop scheduling control method provided by the methods, where the method includes:
determining an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
determining target parameters based on simulation results, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in performance parameters of an initial scheduling scheme;
determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained after optimizing the target parameters;
and controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the shop scheduling control method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:
determining an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
Simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
determining target parameters based on simulation results, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in performance parameters of an initial scheduling scheme;
determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained after optimizing the target parameters;
and controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on such understanding, the foregoing technical solutions may be embodied essentially or in part in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the various embodiments or methods of some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shop scheduling control method, comprising:
determining an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
determining a target parameter based on the simulation result, wherein the target parameter is a parameter to be optimized in the performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameters, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained by optimizing the target parameters;
and controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
2. The shop scheduling control method according to claim 1, wherein simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme comprises:
simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and preset configuration information, wherein the configuration information comprises information of the target production task and station information of a production line corresponding to the target production task.
3. The shop scheduling control method according to claim 2, wherein simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme and preset configuration information comprises:
determining a plurality of time nodes of the production process based on the initial scheduling scheme and the configuration information;
and establishing a time axis of the production process, and adding a plurality of time nodes to the time axis of the production process to obtain the simulation result.
4. The shop scheduling control method according to claim 3, wherein said determining a target parameter based on the result of the simulation comprises:
determining a plurality of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme based on the simulation result;
The target parameter is determined based on the plurality of performance parameters.
5. The shop floor scheduling control method according to claim 4, wherein said determining a number of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme based on the results of the simulation comprises:
determining a number of production phases of the production process based on a number of the time nodes on a time axis of the production process;
a number of performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme are determined based on the time spent and frequency of occurrence of a number of the production phases.
6. The shop floor scheduling control method according to claim 1, wherein said determining an optimal scheduling scheme based on said target parameter comprises:
and optimizing the initial scheduling scheme based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions, and determining the optimized scheduling scheme.
7. The shop scheduling control method according to claim 6, wherein the initial scheduling scheme includes a process sequence schedule for determining a completion sequence of each process in a target production task and an equipment selection schedule for determining a production equipment used for each of the processes;
The optimizing the initial scheduling scheme based on the target parameter and the preset constraint condition, and determining the optimized scheduling scheme comprises the following steps:
encoding the sequence schedule of the process;
performing iterative updating on the coded sequence scheduling of the working procedure for a plurality of times based on the target parameters and preset constraint conditions;
and decoding the procedure sequence schedule after iterative updating by combining the equipment selection schedule to obtain the optimized scheduling scheme.
8. A plant scheduling control apparatus, comprising:
a first determining unit, configured to determine an initial scheduling scheme based on the received target production task;
the simulation unit is used for simulating the production process of the target production task based on the initial scheduling scheme;
the second determining unit is used for determining target parameters based on the simulation result, wherein the target parameters are parameters to be optimized in the performance parameters of the initial scheduling scheme;
the third determining unit is used for determining an optimized scheduling scheme based on the target parameter, wherein the optimized scheduling scheme is a scheduling scheme obtained by optimizing the target parameter;
And the control unit is used for controlling the production line to complete the target production task based on the optimized scheduling scheme.
9. A production line comprising the shop floor scheduling control device of claim 8.
10. A work machine produced using the line of claim 9.
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| CN117455194B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-06-11 | 无锡雪浪数制科技有限公司 | Discrete event simulation-based production scheduling method |
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