CN116429080B - Gyroscope based on high-stability hollow microstructure optical fiber ring - Google Patents
Gyroscope based on high-stability hollow microstructure optical fiber ring Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
- G01C19/722—Details of the mechanical construction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, in particular to a gyroscope based on a high-stability hollow microstructure fiber optic ring, which comprises a light source, a circulator, a Y waveguide, a fiber optic ring, a photoelectric detector and a modulation and demodulation circuit board, wherein the fiber optic ring is formed by winding hollow microstructure fiber, the hollow microstructure fiber comprises a cladding structure body, a plurality of cladding microstructure units and honeycomb-shaped supporting units, the cladding microstructure units are uniformly distributed along the inner wall of the cladding structure body, each honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is arranged at a gap between two adjacent cladding microstructure units and the inner wall of the cladding structure body, and each honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is formed by periodically combining a plurality of supporting microstructure units. The mechanical strength and the light guide characteristic of the optical fiber provided by the application can meet the use requirement of winding the hollow core microstructure optical fiber into a ring for the optical fiber gyro, and the high stability of the optical fiber ring and the gyro is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, in particular to a gyroscope based on a high-stability hollow microstructure fiber optic ring.
Background
The interference type optical fiber gyro achieves huge commercial and military achievement and is widely applied to inertial autonomous navigation systems in the fields of sea, land, air, sky and the like. When the fiber optic gyroscope is applied and expanded to extreme environments such as rapid temperature change, large magnetic field, strong irradiation and the like, the environmental adaptability of the fiber optic gyroscope is further improved, so that the fiber optic gyroscope becomes the technical problem to be solved primarily. Under the existing fiber-optic gyroscope technical framework, the environmental sensitivity attribute of the traditional solid polarization-preserving fiber used by the fiber-optic ring becomes a material limit for further improving the environmental adaptability of the fiber-optic gyroscope.
The hollow microstructure optical fiber enables light waves to be efficiently bound in an air fiber core for transmission through the cladding microstructure, air is used as a transmission medium, the light waves are not sensitive to influences of heat, magnetism, irradiation and the like in the environment, ideal high-stability light transmission can be achieved, and the technical problem of further improving the environmental adaptability of the optical fiber gyroscope is hopefully solved. The hollow microstructure optical fiber is applied to the optical fiber gyroscope and still needs to be wound into a ring in a precise and symmetrical way, so that a hollow microstructure optical fiber ring is formed and is used as a sensing element for directly sensing the Sagnac phase shift in the gyroscope. The fiber looping process typically includes winding, sizing, and curing steps. Compared with the traditional all-solid-state optical fiber, the optical fiber with the hollow microstructure is more easily damaged by additional force fields such as torsional stress, transverse stress, bending stress, colloid shrinkage force and the like generated on the optical fiber in the looping process, and the internal microstructure is damaged, so that the light guide characteristic is affected.
Currently, there are two main types of optical fibers that are wound into optical fiber loops: the hollow photonic crystal fiber using the photonic band gap effect as a light guide mechanism has the characteristics of periodic lattice point structure, complex cladding structure and good bending performance, but has the defects of large loss, high back scattering, multimode transmission and the like (the limitation of the light guide mechanism of the fiber), and is difficult to support an interference type fiber-optic gyroscope to realize high precision; the other type is hollow anti-resonance optical fiber which takes anti-resonance reflection effect as light guiding mechanism, has the structural characteristics of uniform glass wall thickness, has extremely simple cladding structure, has the characteristics of high-quality light guiding, such as low loss, low back scattering, good single mode property and the like, but has poor mechanical strength (the large air ratio limit of the optical fiber), and has the advantages that the microstructure is easy to deform under stress, the light guiding characteristic is degraded or even fails, and the optical fiber is difficult to support to be wound into a ring to realize the interference gyro effect. In the face of the application requirement of the fiber optic gyroscope, the hollow photonic crystal fiber is limited by the light guiding mechanism, so that a fundamental breakthrough cannot be formed in the light guiding characteristic, and the mechanical strength of the hollow antiresonant fiber cannot bear the stress application caused by winding into a ring.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the technical problem of providing a gyroscope based on a high-stability hollow microstructure optical fiber ring, wherein the optical fiber ring is formed by winding a hollow microstructure optical fiber, the hollow microstructure optical fiber realizes low-loss polarization-maintaining light guide by adopting a cladding microstructure unit, and a honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is introduced between the cladding microstructure unit and a cladding structure body so as to enhance the mechanical strength of the cladding microstructure unit forming a light guide mechanism, so that the hollow microstructure optical fiber can still realize high-quality light transmission under the action of a strong field, a loss light guide channel is formed in the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit, the light transmission mode refractive index of the loss light guide channel can be matched with an expected leakage mode refractive index by adjusting the light transmission mode refractive index of the loss light guide channel, the energy of the leakage mode can be coupled into the loss light guide channel of the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit so as to be attenuated effectively, and the polarization-maintaining capacity and the mode purity of the hollow microstructure optical fiber are further improved, and the stability of the gyroscope is improved.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme:
a top based on a high-stability hollow microstructure fiber ring comprises a light source, a circulator, a Y waveguide, a fiber ring, a photoelectric detector and a modulation and demodulation circuit board, wherein the light source is connected with the input end of the circulator, the output end of the circulator is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide, two tail fibers of the Y waveguide are respectively and collinearly coupled with two tail fibers of the fiber ring through fiber collimation sealing joints, the input port of the photoelectric detector is connected with the detection port of the circulator, the output port of the detector is connected with the input port of the modulation and demodulation circuit board, the output port of the modulation and demodulation circuit board is connected with the modulation port of the Y waveguide, the fiber ring is formed by winding hollow microstructure fibers, the hollow microstructure fibers comprise a cladding microstructure body, a plurality of cladding microstructure units and honeycomb-shaped supporting units, the cladding microstructure units are uniformly distributed along the inner wall of the cladding microstructure body, gaps are reserved between the adjacent cladding microstructure units, the cladding microstructure units form a light guide air fiber core in the middle of the cladding microstructure body, each honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is arranged at the gap between the two adjacent cladding microstructure units and the inner wall of the cladding microstructure body, the honeycomb-shaped supporting units form a honeycomb-shaped microstructure unit, and the honeycomb-shaped microstructure supporting units form a plurality of hollow microstructure-channel-shaped microstructure fiber channel-shaped hollow microstructure.
Further, the honeycomb support unit ends extend to the middle of the gap between the two cladding microstructure units.
Further, the clad structure and the plurality of clad microstructure units, the honeycomb support unit are integrally drawn from quartz glass.
Preferably, the cladding microstructure units are two-round-tube or multi-round-tube nested microstructure units.
Preferably, the number of cladding microstructure elements is six.
Further, the gaps between adjacent cladding microstructure units satisfy the requirement of formula (1)
（1），
Wherein:gaps between adjacent cladding microstructure units; />The radius of the air fiber core is the radius of the air core microstructure optical fiber light guide air fiber; />The inner diameter of the cladding structure body of the hollow microstructure optical fiber; />Is the number of cladding microstructure units.
Preferably, the light source is a broadband light source.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the optical fiber ring of the gyroscope is formed by winding hollow microstructure optical fibers, honeycomb-shaped supporting units are introduced between the cladding microstructure units and the cladding structure bodies, so that the cladding structure bodies, the cladding microstructure units and the honeycomb-shaped supporting units form an integral hollow microstructure optical fiber, the mechanical strength of the cladding microstructure units forming an anti-resonant reflection light guide mechanism can be enhanced, and high-quality light transmission can be realized when the integral hollow microstructure optical fiber deforms under the action of a strong field, thereby ensuring the high stability of the optical fiber ring and the gyroscope;
2. the honeycomb supporting unit is internally provided with a loss light guide channel based on a photonic band gap effect, the refractive index of a light transmission mode of the loss light guide channel is adjusted to be matched with the refractive index of an expected leakage mode, and the excitation resonance coupling phenomenon can enable the energy of the leakage mode to be coupled into the loss light guide channel of the honeycomb supporting unit so as to be attenuated effectively, so that the polarization maintaining capacity and the mode purity of the hollow microstructure optical fiber are further improved, and the use requirements of the hollow microstructure optical fiber for the application of the fiber-optic gyroscope in winding the hollow microstructure optical fiber into a ring can be met in the aspects of the mechanical strength and the light guide characteristic of the hollow microstructure optical fiber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top structure according to the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hollow-core microstructured optical fiber of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional hollow-core microstructured optical fiber.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transverse extrusion deformation structure of a conventional hollow-core microstructured optical fiber.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the transverse extrusion deformation structure of the hollow-core microstructured optical fiber of the present application.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the gap between adjacent cladding microstructure elements of a hollow-core microstructured optical fiber of the present application.
In the figure: 1. the light source comprises a cladding structure body, a supporting microstructure unit, a cladding microstructure unit, a honeycomb supporting unit, a loss light guide channel, a light guide air fiber core, a light source, a circulator, a Y waveguide, a fiber alignment sealing joint, a fiber ring, a hollow microstructure fiber, a photoelectric detector and a modem circuit board.
Detailed Description
A gyro based on high-stability hollow microstructure fiber ring is shown in figure 1, which comprises a light source 7, a circulator 8, a Y waveguide 9, a fiber ring 11, a photoelectric detector 13 and a modulation and demodulation circuit board 14, wherein the light source is connected with the input end of the circulator, the output end of the circulator is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide, two tail fibers of the Y waveguide are respectively coupled with two tail fibers of the fiber ring in a collimation mode through a fiber collimation sealing joint 10, the input port of the photoelectric detector is connected with the detection port of the circulator, the output port of the detector is connected with the input port of the modulation and demodulation circuit board, the output port of the modulation and demodulation circuit board is connected with the modulation port of the Y waveguide, the fiber ring is wound by hollow microstructure fiber 12, the structural schematic diagram of the hollow microstructure fiber is shown in figure 2, the optical fiber comprises a cladding structure body 1, a plurality of cladding microstructure units 3 and honeycomb-shaped supporting units 4, wherein the cladding microstructure units are uniformly distributed along the inner wall of the cladding structure body, gaps are reserved between adjacent cladding microstructure units, the cladding microstructure units form a light guide air fiber core 6 in the middle of the cladding structure body, each honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is arranged at a gap between two adjacent cladding microstructure units and the inner wall of the cladding structure body and is used for enabling the cladding structure body, the cladding microstructure units and the honeycomb-shaped supporting units to form an empty core microstructure optical fiber whole, each honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is formed by periodically combining a plurality of supporting microstructure units 2, and a loss light guide channel 5 is formed among the supporting microstructure units.
As the traditional hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber is generally drawn from a single material, usually silicon dioxide, and a plurality of micron-sized cladding micro-structure units are uniformly distributed in the cladding structure, the micron-sized cladding micro-structure units are used for combining at the center of the optical fiber to form a negative-curvature high-quality light guide air fiber core, and light is completely constrained in the light guide air fiber core for high-efficiency transmission based on anti-resonant reflection effect. In addition, gaps between adjacent cladding microstructure units need to be strictly controlled, so that light is prevented from leaking out of the gaps between the cladding microstructure units.
The traditional hollow microstructure optical fiber is characterized in that no effective support exists between the cladding structural body and a plurality of micron-sized cladding microstructure units, when the cladding structural body and the micron-sized cladding microstructure units are transversely extruded as shown in the attached drawing 4, deformation is generated, fine lines in the drawing represent original positions of objects, the extrusion plate is displaced towards the optical fiber and generates extrusion force on the optical fiber, the air occupation ratio in the traditional hollow microstructure optical fiber is high, the cladding microstructure units are connected in a single-point suspension mode, so that the mechanical strength of the optical fiber structure is poor, the stress is applied to the lower cladding microstructure units to generate obvious displacement deformation, the optical fiber is stressed in the extrusion direction to shrink and deform, the interval between the cladding microstructure units at the position is reduced, even contact extrusion between the cladding microstructure units occurs, the optical fiber is far away from the cladding microstructure units in the extrusion orthogonal direction, and the interval between the optical fiber is increased. The gap control between the cladding microstructure units is strongly related to light guiding characteristics such as transmission loss, and when the cladding microstructure units are subjected to displacement deformation, light cannot be restrained in the light guiding air fiber core for transmission, so that the light guiding mechanism is disabled. The traditional hollow microstructure optical fiber is wound into a ring to face a more complex stress applying process, so that the risk of optical fiber light guide failure exists, and the application requirement of the optical fiber gyroscope cannot be met.
The optical fiber ring of the gyroscope is characterized in that a plurality of cladding microstructure units (six two-round-tube nested microstructure units are taken as an example in the application) in a hollow microstructure optical fiber wound with the optical fiber ring are used for constructing anti-resonant reflection effects to realize high-quality light guide, all the cladding microstructure units are hung on the inner wall of an optical fiber cladding sleeve in a point connection supporting mode to form a high-quality light guide air fiber core in a combined mode at the center of the optical fiber, wherein the glass wall thickness of one radial cladding microstructure unit (the horizontal microstructure unit is taken as an example in the application) is t1, the glass wall thickness of other cladding microstructure units is t2, the thickness difference t1-t2 is in the nanometer level, and the glass wall thickness of the cladding microstructure units is differentiated to form anti-cross coupling effects to introduce effective refractive index changes with polarization correlation so as to introduce high double refraction, so that two orthogonal polarization fundamental modes can be generated to realize polarization-preserving light guide effects. The honeycomb supporting units are arranged between the two adjacent cladding microstructure units and the inner wall of the cladding structure body to form an integral hollow microstructure optical fiber by the cladding microstructure units, the honeycomb supporting units and the cladding microstructure units, the mechanical strength of the cladding microstructure units forming a light guide mechanism can be enhanced, when the integral hollow microstructure optical fiber is deformed under the action of a strong field, the displacement deformation degree of the cladding microstructure units is greatly relieved, and meanwhile, the honeycomb supporting units are arranged at the gaps between the two adjacent cladding microstructure units and the inner wall of the cladding structure body, so that the high-quality light transmission in the hollow microstructure optical fiber is not influenced, and the mechanical strength and the light guide characteristic of the hollow microstructure optical fiber can meet the use requirement of the optical fiber gyro which uses the hollow microstructure optical fiber to be wound into a ring, thereby ensuring the high stability of the optical fiber ring and the gyro. A schematic diagram of the deformation of the hollow microstructured optical fiber of the present application when specifically subjected to transverse extrusion is shown in FIG. 5.
Meanwhile, the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is formed by periodically combining a plurality of supporting microstructure units, so that a photonic band gap effect can be formed, a loss light guide channel is designed in the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit, the refractive index of a light transmission mode of the loss light guide channel is adjusted to be matched with the refractive index of an expected leakage mode in a light guide air fiber core, and the resonance coupling phenomenon is excited, so that the energy of the leakage mode can be coupled into the loss light guide channel of the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit and further efficiently attenuated, and the polarization maintaining effect and the mode purity of the hollow microstructure fiber can be further improved.
The photonic band gap effect is a phenomenon that waves in a certain frequency range cannot propagate in the periodic structure, namely, the structure itself has a 'forbidden band', so that the photonic band gap effect is formed. When the refractive index of the light transmission mode of the loss light guide channel is specifically adjusted, the periodic structure sizes of a plurality of support microstructure units in the honeycomb-shaped support units are mainly adjusted, wherein the periodic structure sizes comprise the diameters and the wall thicknesses of air holes of the support microstructure units, the air holes are matched with the refractive index of the expected leakage mode in the light guide air fiber core, and the resonance coupling phenomenon is excited to enable the energy of the leakage mode to be coupled into the loss light guide channel of the honeycomb-shaped support units so as to be efficiently attenuated.
Further, the end parts of the honeycomb-shaped supporting units extend to the middle part of a gap between the two cladding microstructure units, when the whole hollow microstructure optical fiber deforms under the action of a strong field, the displacement deformation degree of the cladding microstructure units can be greatly relieved, high-quality light transmission in the hollow microstructure optical fiber can be ensured not to be influenced, and the mechanical strength and the light guide characteristic of the hollow microstructure optical fiber can meet the use requirement of the hollow microstructure optical fiber wound into a ring for the optical fiber gyro.
Furthermore, the cladding structure body, the cladding microstructure units and the honeycomb-shaped supporting units are integrally drawn from quartz glass, so that the manufacturing process is simple, and the integrity of the optical fiber is ensured.
The specific preparation process mainly comprises two parts of work, namely, firstly, manufacturing an optical fiber preform, and then drawing the preform into an optical fiber.
The capillary stacking method is a widely adopted method for preparing the quartz glass microstructure optical fiber preform, based on the hollow microstructure optical fiber end face configuration, capillaries with precise size requirements and different specifications are selected, the capillaries are stacked in a quartz sleeve according to the optical fiber end face configuration, the stacked capillary end faces jointly form the shapes required by a cladding microstructure unit and a honeycomb supporting unit, the quartz sleeve is used for generating a cladding structure, all the capillaries and the quartz sleeve are integrally formed through end face coating glue fixation treatment, and the microstructure optical fiber preform is manufactured.
After the microstructure optical fiber preform is manufactured, the process of optical fiber drawing is entered, and the method is similar to the traditional optical fiber, wherein the microstructure optical fiber preform is fixed at the top end of a drawing machine in a dust-free room and is gradually heated to about 2000 ℃. The optical fiber preform rod is heated, gradually melted and accumulated with liquid at the bottom, and is naturally hung down to form an optical fiber, and the optical fiber is matched with temperature, speed and air pressure control to be finally drawn into the hollow microstructure optical fiber meeting the size requirement. The difference with the traditional optical fiber is that in the drawing process, the inert gas pressure and drawing speed in the preform rod need to be accurately adjusted in real time to maintain the size proportion of the air hole in the optical fiber so as to obtain the micro-structure optical fiber meeting the design requirement. In addition, the coating material is applied during drawing to protect the optical fiber from moisture and abrasion.
Preferably, the cladding microstructure units are two-round-tube or multi-round-tube nested microstructure units.
Preferably, the number of cladding microstructure elements is six.
Further, the gaps between adjacent cladding microstructure units satisfy the requirement of formula (1), as shown in fig. 6:
（1），
wherein:gaps between adjacent cladding microstructure units; />The radius of the air fiber core is the radius of the air core microstructure optical fiber light guide air fiber; />The inner diameter of the cladding structure body of the hollow microstructure optical fiber; />Is the number of cladding microstructure units.
When the gap between the adjacent cladding microstructure units meets the requirement of the formula (1), the light can be prevented from leaking out of the gap between the cladding microstructure units, and the negative curvature high-quality light guide air fiber core is further ensured to be formed at the center of the optical fiber, so that the light is completely restrained in the light guide air fiber core for high-efficiency transmission based on the anti-resonance reflection effect.
Preferably, the light source is a broadband light source.
In summary, according to the gyro based on the high-stability hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber ring provided by the application, the hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber wound by the optical fiber ring introduces the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit between the cladding micro-structure unit and the cladding structure body, so that the mechanical strength of the cladding micro-structure unit forming an anti-resonant reflection light guiding mechanism is enhanced, when the whole hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber deforms under the action of a strong field, high-quality light transmission can still be realized, the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit is internally provided with the loss light guiding channel based on the photonic band gap effect, the light transmission mode refractive index of the light guiding channel is adjusted to match with the expected leakage mode refractive index, the resonance coupling phenomenon is excited, the energy of the leakage mode can be coupled into the loss light guiding channel of the honeycomb-shaped supporting unit, and further, the polarization maintaining capability and the mode purity of the hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber are further improved, and the mechanical strength and the light guiding characteristics of the hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber can meet the use requirement of the optical fiber winding ring of the optical fiber gyro using the hollow-core micro-structure optical fiber, so that the high stability of the optical fiber ring and the gyro are realized.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a top based on high stability hollow micro-structure fiber ring, its characterized in that includes light source, circulator, Y waveguide, fiber ring, photoelectric detector and modem circuit board, the light source is connected with the input of circulator, the output of circulator is connected with the input of Y waveguide, two pigtails of Y waveguide pass through fiber collimation seal joint collimation coupling with two pigtails of fiber ring respectively, photoelectric detector input port is connected with the circulator detection port, detector output port is connected with modem circuit board input port, modem circuit board output port is connected with Y waveguide modulation port, the fiber ring is by hollow micro-structure fiber coiling form, hollow micro-structure fiber includes the cladding structure body and a plurality of cladding micro-structure units, honeycomb supporting unit, a plurality of cladding micro-structure units are along cladding structure body inner wall evenly distributed, leave the clearance and a plurality of cladding micro-structure units form the leaded light air core in cladding structure body middle part, every the honeycomb supporting unit is located between two adjacent cladding micro-structure units and cladding structure body inner wall, a plurality of honeycomb supporting unit form the hollow micro-structure unit, a plurality of hollow micro-structure units form the hollow micro-structure core, a plurality of hollow micro-structure units form the hollow micro-channel form the hollow micro-structure with the hollow micro-structure unit, the hollow micro-channel forms the hollow micro-structure unit.
2. The high stability hollow core microstructured fiber optic loop based top of claim 1, wherein the ends of the honeycomb support elements extend to the middle of the gap between the two cladding microstructured elements.
3. A spinning top based on high-stability hollow-core microstructured optical fiber loop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cladding structure and the plurality of cladding microstructure elements, honeycomb-shaped supporting elements are integrally drawn from quartz glass.
4. A high stability hollow core microstructured optical fiber loop based gyroscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each cladding microstructure element is a two or more round tube nested microstructure element.
5. A spinning top based on high stability hollow core microstructured optical fiber loop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of cladding microstructure elements is six.
6. A gyro based on high stability hollow-core microstructured optical fiber loop according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gap between adjacent cladding microstructure elements satisfies the following formula;
，
wherein:gaps between adjacent cladding microstructure units;
the radius of the air fiber core is the radius of the air core microstructure optical fiber light guide air fiber;
the inner diameter of the cladding structure body of the hollow microstructure optical fiber;
is the number of cladding microstructure units.
7. The high stability hollow core microstructured fiber optic ring based top of claim 1, wherein the light source is a broadband light source.
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