CN116427506A - Negative pressure air sac type intelligent water-saving toilet - Google Patents
Negative pressure air sac type intelligent water-saving toilet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116427506A CN116427506A CN202310437833.3A CN202310437833A CN116427506A CN 116427506 A CN116427506 A CN 116427506A CN 202310437833 A CN202310437833 A CN 202310437833A CN 116427506 A CN116427506 A CN 116427506A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sewage
- cavity
- pipe
- elastic membrane
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000004712 air sac Anatomy 0.000 title description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 206010059410 Faecaluria Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D1/00—Water flushing devices with cisterns ; Setting up a range of flushing devices or water-closets; Combinations of several flushing devices
- E03D1/24—Low-level flushing systems
- E03D1/26—Bowl with flushing cistern mounted on the rearwardly extending end of the bowl
- E03D1/263—Bowl with flushing cistern mounted on the rearwardly extending end of the bowl provided with a bell or tube siphon
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
- E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
- E03D11/10—Bowls with closure elements provided between bottom or outlet and the outlet pipe; Bowls with pivotally supported inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
- E03D5/02—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor
- E03D5/022—Operating automatically
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
- E03D9/16—Water pressure regulating means in flushing pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool, which comprises a closestool seat body with a sewage collecting groove at the bottom, wherein a water inlet pipe with a flushing valve is arranged on the closestool seat body, a sewage draining pipe with a draining valve is arranged at the outlet end of the closestool seat body, and the negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool further comprises: the suction tank is provided with an elastic membrane positioned in the inner cavity of the suction tank, a sewage draining cavity and a gas cavity are respectively arranged inside and outside the elastic membrane, the sewage draining cavity is respectively connected with a sewage pipe and a sewage pipe, a discharge valve is arranged on the sewage pipe, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the gas cavity; the air pressure adjusting assembly comprises a buffer tank, an inflator pump and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, wherein an A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the air cavity, a P port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the buffer tank, and an R port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the emptying pipe; and a control unit. The invention is beneficial to saving water resources, reducing carbon emission and reducing the water content of the excrement and urine, and has important significance for reducing the excrement and urine treatment cost, improving the living environment and realizing the recycling of the excrement and urine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of municipal drainage engineering, in particular to a negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool.
Background
With the progress of technology, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and the flush toilet is also developed towards diversity. According to the working principle, toilets are classified into direct flushing type and siphon type. The direct flushing type water closet utilizes the thrust of water to flush dirt, has high water consumption, causes larger water resource waste and is gradually eliminated. Most of the common water closets in the life at present are siphonic. Siphon type toilets utilize the siphon principle to form suction through an S-shaped bend to expel the fecal urine in the toilet. The water efficiency class of the toilet is divided into 3 levels by the national standard of water efficiency limit value and water efficiency class of the toilet (GB 25502-2017), wherein the average water consumption of the toilet of level 1 is less than or equal to 4.0, and the total flushing water consumption is less than or equal to 5.0; the average water consumption of the level 2 toilet bowl is less than or equal to 5.0, and the total water consumption is less than or equal to 6.0; the average water consumption of the level 3 toilet bowl is less than or equal to 6.4, and the total water consumption is less than or equal to 8.0. The water efficiency grade of the siphon type water closet is more than 1 grade and 2 grades, and the average water consumption is about 4.5L. However, even in the case of the class 1 water-efficient siphon toilet, there is a phenomenon that water and feces are mixed, resulting in an increase in sewage treatment cost, and being unfavorable for recycling of nutrient N, P and the like in the feces and urine. In addition, in the sewage treatment process of the closestool, a large amount of carbon dioxide, methane and other room gases can be discharged into the atmosphere, so that carbon emission is increased, and the environment is not improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool which can save water resources, reduce the water content of excrement and urine and reduce the excrement and urine treatment cost, and the technical scheme can be adopted as follows:
the invention relates to a negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool, which comprises a closestool seat body, wherein the bottom of the closestool seat body is provided with a sewage collecting tank, a water inlet pipe for injecting water into the sewage collecting tank is arranged on the closestool seat body, a flushing valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe, a drain pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the sewage collecting tank, a drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe, and the intelligent water-saving closestool further comprises:
the suction tank is provided with an elastic membrane positioned in the inner cavity of the suction tank, the inner side of the elastic membrane is a sewage cavity, the outer side of the elastic membrane is a gas cavity, the inlet end of the sewage cavity is communicated with the outlet end of a sewage pipe, the outlet end of the sewage cavity is connected with the sewage pipe, the sewage pipe is provided with a discharge valve, and the gas cavity is internally provided with a pressure sensor;
the air pressure adjusting assembly comprises a buffer tank, an inflator pump and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, wherein the buffer tank is communicated with the inflator pump, an A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the air cavity, a P port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the buffer tank, and an R port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the emptying pipe;
the control unit comprises a controller, wherein the control output end of the controller is electrically connected with the control input end of the flushing valve, the control input end of the drain valve and the control input end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve respectively, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the controller.
The suction tank is of a columnar structure, the elastic membrane is of an annular structure, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the elastic membrane are respectively connected with the inner wall of the suction tank in a sealing manner.
The elastic membrane is a rubber membrane and is connected with the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge of the suction tank.
The elastic membrane is of a spherical structure arranged in the suction tank, and the sewage drain pipe and the sewage pipe penetrate through the shell of the suction tank and extend into the inner cavity of the elastic membrane.
And a pressure gauge is arranged on the buffer tank.
The negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the contraction performance of the elastic membrane can be fully utilized, negative pressure is formed in the sewage cavity by adjusting air pressure to rapidly suck fecaluria and other fecaluria, then the air cavity is inflated to expand and deform the elastic membrane so as to discharge the fecaluria, the noise in the whole process is low, the flushing effect is good, the water quantity required by flushing each time can be obviously reduced, the water resource is favorably saved, the carbon emission is reduced, the water content of the fecaluria is reduced, the treatment cost of the fecaluria is reduced, the living environment is improved, and the important significance is realized in recycling the fecaluria.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the main advantages that:
1. good flushing and discharging effects. The rubber has good elastic performance, negative pressure suction and positive pressure evacuation in the processes of shrinkage rebound and expansion deformation, and has good flushing and washing effects. And negative pressure is absorbed from outside to inside, so that odor can not diffuse into the air.
2. Saving water resources. The flushing effect mainly depends on the action of negative pressure, and only a small amount of water is needed to flush residues, so that the consumption of tap water can be reduced, and water is saved.
3. Is favorable for recycling the excrement and urine. The water content of the excrement is reduced due to the small water consumption, and the high-concentration excrement water is recycled.
4. No noise and energy saving. Compared with a vacuum closestool, the vacuum closestool has low flushing noise and is convenient to popularize and use in residential buildings, office buildings and other living and working places.
5. The air charging and discharging medium is clean air, is not mixed with odor, and the tail gas can be directly discharged into the air through the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve.
6. The device has the advantages of few constituent units, simple structure and convenient operation and maintenance. Because the negative source is a power source, the pipeline installation trend can be adjusted randomly along with the structure, and the installation is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the working state of the toilet bowl according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a second schematic view of the working state of the toilet according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the operational state of the toilet according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments and specific working procedures of the present invention are given by implementing the present embodiment on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving toilet bowl comprises a toilet bowl seat body, wherein a sewage collecting tank 11 is arranged at the bottom of the toilet bowl seat body, a water inlet pipe 12 for injecting water into the sewage collecting tank 11 is arranged on the toilet bowl seat body, a flushing valve 13 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 12, a sewage draining pipe 14 is arranged at the outlet end of the sewage collecting tank 11, and a draining valve 15 is arranged on the sewage draining pipe 14.
In order to achieve the purpose of negative pressure suction, the negative pressure air bag type intelligent water-saving closestool also comprises a suction tank 21, a gas adjusting component and a control unit.
The suction tank 21 is provided with an elastic membrane 22 positioned in the inner cavity of the suction tank 21, a sewage cavity 23 is arranged on the inner side of the elastic membrane 22, a gas cavity 24 is arranged on the outer side of the elastic membrane 21, the inlet end of the sewage cavity 23 is communicated with the outlet end of the sewage pipe 14, the outlet end of the sewage cavity 23 is connected with a sewage pipe 25, a discharge valve 26 is arranged on the sewage pipe 25, and a pressure sensor 27 is arranged in the gas cavity 24 and used for monitoring the expansion deformation degree of the elastic membrane 22.
In the embodiment, the suction tank 21 has a columnar structure, the elastic membrane 22 is a rubber membrane with a ring-shaped structure, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the elastic membrane 22 are respectively connected with the inner wall of the suction tank 21 in a sealing way; further, elastic films 22 are sealingly installed at upper and lower bottom edges of the suction tank 21. At this time, the drain pipe 14 is connected to the upper bottom surface of the suction tank 21, and the sewage pipe 25 is connected to the lower bottom surface of the suction tank 21.
The suction cup 21 and the elastic membrane 22 and the connection structure of the two may take other forms. For example, the suction tank 21 is still in a columnar structure, the elastic membrane 22 is in a spherical structure at any position in the suction tank 21, the elastic membrane 22 is internally provided with a gas cavity 24, and the inner cavity of the suction tank 21 outside the elastic membrane 22 is provided with a sewage draining cavity 23. At this time, the sewage drain pipe 14 and the sewage pipe 25 need to extend through the housing of the suction tank 21 into the inner cavity of the elastic membrane 22.
The air pressure adjusting assembly comprises a buffer tank 31, an inflator pump 32 and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33, wherein the buffer tank 31 is provided with a pressure gauge 21 and is communicated with the inflator pump 32, an A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33 is communicated with the air cavity 24, a P port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33 is communicated with the buffer tank 31, and an R port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33 is communicated with an emptying pipe 34.
The control unit includes a controller 4, wherein a control output end of the controller 4 is electrically connected with a control input end of the flushing valve 13, a control input end of the drain valve 15, a control input end of the drain valve 26, and a control input end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33, respectively, and a signal output end of the pressure sensor 27 is electrically connected with a signal input end of the controller 4. The controller 4 controls the inflation time of the buffer tank 31 through the pressure signal in the gas cavity 24 fed back by the pressure sensor 27, thereby controlling the expansion deformation degree of the elastic membrane 22 and the negative pressure intensity formed in the gas cavity 24 during shrinkage rebound, and further controlling the dirt sucking effect.
When in operation, the controller 4 controls the corresponding electric elements to switch on or off the corresponding air channel and water channel, thereby realizing each action process, and the specific working steps are as follows:
(1) after the last flushing process is finished, the elastic membrane 22 is in an expanded state, and all valves are in a closed state;
(2) when the toilet is to be flushed, firstly, a toilet seat sensor sends out a signal;
(3) the controller 4 outputs a valve opening instruction of the drain valve 15 and an electric signal, the coil of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33 is electrified, the output port A is communicated with the exhaust port R, gas in the gas cavity 24 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 34, the elastic membrane 22 contracts and rebounds, at the moment, the internal pressure of the sewage cavity 23 becomes smaller due to the volume increase, and dirt in the dirt collecting tank 11 is pumped into the sewage cavity 23 under the action of negative pressure;
(4) when the dirt is discharged into the dirt discharging cavity 23, the flushing valve 13 is opened, a small amount of water is injected to clean residues, and the dirt collecting tank 11 forms a water seal;
(5) the controller 4 then outputs a valve closing command of the drain valve 15 and the flushing valve 12, and closes the drain valve 15 and the flushing valve 12;
(6) the controller 4 outputs an instruction to open the inflator 32, an instruction to open the discharge valve 26, and an electrical signal to stop outputting. After the coil of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33 is powered off, the air inlet P and the output port A are communicated, compressed air in the buffer tank 31 enters the gas cavity 22 through the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 33, and the elastic membrane 22 expands and closes to squeeze excrement into the sewage pipe 25 under the action of the compressed air;
(7) when the pressure value reaches a certain level, the controller 4 outputs a valve closing instruction of the discharge valve 26 to wait for the next flushing.
The operation start time and the duration time of each component can be adjusted and set. Factors influencing the flushing and emptying effect include the expansion degree of the elastic membrane 22, wherein the expansion degree of the elastic membrane 22 (the air inlet time of the buffer tank 31) directly influences the negative pressure intensity formed when the elastic membrane 22 rebounds, and further influences the speed of extracting the excrement.
The invention utilizes the good elasticity of the rubber membrane, forms negative pressure inside the rubber membrane by shrinkage and rebound to rapidly suck fecaluria and other dirt, and makes the rubber membrane expand and deform to discharge the dirt under the action of inflation. The flushing effect mainly depends on the effect of pressure, and only a small amount of water is needed to flush residues to form a water seal. The water-saving toilet has the advantages that the water quantity required by flushing each time is obviously reduced while the good flushing and emptying effects of the toilet are ensured, the water resource is saved, the water content in the excrement is further reduced, the recovery of high-concentration excrement water and the recycling of the excrement are facilitated, the noise is low, and the water-saving toilet has good popularization significance in places such as residential buildings, office buildings and the like.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a negative pressure gasbag formula intelligence water conservation closestool, includes the closestool pedestal, closestool pedestal bottom is the dirt collecting tank, be provided with on the closestool pedestal to the inlet tube of dirt collecting tank water injection, be provided with the wash valve on the inlet tube, the exit end of dirt collecting tank is provided with the blow off pipe, be provided with the drain valve on the blow off pipe, its characterized in that still includes:
the suction tank is provided with an elastic membrane positioned in the inner cavity of the suction tank, the inner side of the elastic membrane is a sewage cavity, the outer side of the elastic membrane is a gas cavity, the inlet end of the sewage cavity is communicated with the outlet end of a sewage pipe, the outlet end of the sewage cavity is connected with the sewage pipe, the sewage pipe is provided with a discharge valve, and the gas cavity is internally provided with a pressure sensor;
the air pressure adjusting assembly comprises a buffer tank, an inflator pump and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, wherein the buffer tank is communicated with the inflator pump, an A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the air cavity, a P port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the buffer tank, and an R port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the emptying pipe;
the control unit comprises a controller, wherein the control output end of the controller is electrically connected with the control input end of the flushing valve, the control input end of the drain valve and the control input end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve respectively, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the controller.
2. The negative pressure air bag type intelligent water saving toilet according to claim 1, wherein: the suction tank is of a columnar structure, the elastic membrane is of an annular structure, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the elastic membrane are respectively connected with the inner wall of the suction tank in a sealing manner.
3. The negative pressure air bag type intelligent water saving toilet according to claim 2, wherein: the elastic membrane is a rubber membrane and is connected with the upper bottom edge and the lower bottom edge of the suction tank.
4. The negative pressure air bag type intelligent water saving toilet according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic membrane is of a spherical structure arranged in the suction tank, and the sewage drain pipe and the sewage pipe penetrate through the shell of the suction tank and extend into the inner cavity of the elastic membrane.
5. The negative pressure air bag type intelligent water saving toilet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and a pressure gauge is arranged on the buffer tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310437833.3A CN116427506A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Negative pressure air sac type intelligent water-saving toilet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310437833.3A CN116427506A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Negative pressure air sac type intelligent water-saving toilet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116427506A true CN116427506A (en) | 2023-07-14 |
Family
ID=87094230
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310437833.3A Pending CN116427506A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Negative pressure air sac type intelligent water-saving toilet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116427506A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-04-23 CN CN202310437833.3A patent/CN116427506A/en active Pending
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