CN116425697A - Method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole - Google Patents

Method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116425697A
CN116425697A CN202310047565.4A CN202310047565A CN116425697A CN 116425697 A CN116425697 A CN 116425697A CN 202310047565 A CN202310047565 A CN 202310047565A CN 116425697 A CN116425697 A CN 116425697A
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reaction
acetylthiazole
synthesizing
furan
bromobutane
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陈祥
臧传近
宋成斌
闫培良
张雷亮
张广军
张知伟
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Tengzhou Wutong Aroma Chemicals Co ltd
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Tengzhou Wutong Aroma Chemicals Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/22Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D277/24Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 2-acetyl thiazole, which belongs to the technical field of organic chemistry and comprises the following steps: dropwise adding a furan solution of bromobutane into furan-rinsed magnesium powder under the protection of nitrogen until the magnesium powder disappears, then carrying out heat preservation and reflux for 1-3 hours at 30-50 ℃ to obtain a Grignard reagent, sequentially dropwise adding N, N-dimethylacetamide and thiazole into the Grignard reagent, stirring at a low temperature for reaction to obtain a reaction product, and separating and purifying the reaction product to obtain the 2-acetylthiazole. Compared with the existing synthesis method, the method uses furan to replace diethyl ether to participate in the synthesis of the format reaction, so that the reaction safety is greatly improved; the invention also uses N, N-dimethylacetamide as an acetylation reagent, increases the reactivity, greatly shortens the reaction time, improves the reaction yield, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole, belonging to the technical field of organic chemistry.
Background
The thiazole ring is an important five-membered aromatic heterocycle, contains nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms, has rich electrons, is easy to form hydrogen bonds, coordinates with metal ions, and has pi-pi stacking, static electricity, hydrophobic effect and other non-covalent bond interactions, and the structure endows the thiazole compound with a plurality of special properties and has wide potential application in a plurality of fields. 2-acetylthiazole is a kind of edible spice which is naturally present in cooked beef, cooked pork liver, asparagus, potato, rice and has a fragrance similar to nuts, rice and popcorn. The use of the flavor is approved in the United states (FEMA registration number 3328), and the flavor is allowed to be used for foods in the state of GB 2760-1996.
At present, the production routes of 2-acetylthiazole are mainly divided into two types: (1) direct acylation method: the method takes thiazole as a raw material and reacts with an acetylating reagent such as acetyl chloride and the like in the presence of triethylamine to prepare the 2-acetylthiazole. As early as 1984, alessandro Medici mentioned this method in its article Additions and Cycloadditions of Ketenes to 1,3-Thiazole and Its Alkyl Derivatives. However, the method cannot be popularized because of long reaction time and low reaction yield. (2) indirect acylation method: the method refers to that 2-bromothiazole is subjected to silanization and aldol condensation to obtain 2-acetyl thiazole. The traditional method has the defects of complicated operation process and high raw material consumption, so that the method is not economical although the yield is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the synthesis method of 2-acetylthiazole in the prior art and provides a method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole, which has the advantages of simple operation, short reaction time and high reaction yield.
Technical proposal
A method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole, comprising the steps of:
(1) Dropwise adding a furan solution of bromobutane into furan-rinsed magnesium powder under the protection of nitrogen until the magnesium powder disappears, and then carrying out heat preservation and reflux for 1-3 h at 30-50 ℃ to obtain a Grignard reagent;
(2) And (3) sequentially dripping N, N-dimethylacetamide and thiazole into the Grignard reagent in the step (1), stirring at a low temperature for reaction to obtain a reaction product, and separating and purifying the reaction product to obtain the 2-acetylthiazole.
In the step (1), the drop velocity of the bromobutane furan solution is 3-5 seconds per drop.
Further, in the step (1), in the furan solution of the bromobutane, the volume ratio of the bromobutane to the furan is 1:1.
In the step (1), the molar ratio of the bromobutane to the magnesium powder is (1.05-1.20): 1.
In the step (2), the molar ratio of the thiazole to the N, N-dimethylacetamide is 1 (1.1-1.5).
In the step (2), the temperature of the low-temperature stirring reaction is 0-5 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-2 h.
Further, in the step (2), the separation and purification method is as follows: extracting the organic phase, washing with distilled water, adding anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 Drying, and finally distilling under reduced pressure to collect the fraction of b.p.89-91 ℃/1.6 kPa.
The reaction equation of the synthesis method of the invention is as follows:
Figure SMS_1
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the existing synthesis method, the method for synthesizing the 2-acetylthiazole uses furan to replace diethyl ether to participate in the synthesis of the format reaction, so that the reaction safety is greatly improved; the invention also uses N, N-dimethylacetamide as an acetylation reagent, increases the reactivity, greatly shortens the reaction time, improves the reaction yield, and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole, comprising the steps of:
(1) Washing magnesium powder 0.9 and g with furan 4.2 and mL, then dropwise adding a furan solution of bromobutane (the mass of bromobutane is 5.4g, the volume ratio of bromobutane to furan is 1:1) into the magnesium powder under the protection of nitrogen until the magnesium powder disappears, increasing the dropwise acceleration to 40 ℃ per drop, and carrying out heat preservation and reflux for 2 hours to obtain a Grignard reagent;
(2) Dropwise adding 0.37g of N, N-dimethylacetamide and 0.3g of thiazole into the Grignard reagent in the step (1) in sequence, stirring and reacting for 1h at 5 ℃ to obtain a reaction product, extracting an organic phase in the reaction product, washing with distilled water, and then adding anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 Drying and finally distilling under reduced pressure, and collecting fractions of b.p.89-91 ℃/1.6 kPa to obtain 0.42g of 2-acetylthiazole.
In this example, the reaction yield was 94% and the purity of the product 2-acetylthiazole was 99%.
Comparative example 1
Direct acylation process to prepare 2-acetylthiazole: adding 0.3g thiazole and 30 mL benzene solution into a reaction bottle with a stirrer and a dropping funnel, adding 0.51 mL acetyl chloride under stirring, stirring for 30 min, slowly dropping 2.94 mL triethylamine to 2h, stirring 2 d, and then using saturated NaHCO 3 Washing with aqueous solution, extracting with benzene solution, separating oil layer, and using anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 And (5) drying. After filtering off the drying agent, the solution was moved to a reduced pressure. Then taking 100 mL diethyl ether, dripping 1 mL ammonia solution (about 40%) into the mixture, reacting for 20 min, adding proper diethyl ether, and using saturated NaHCO 3 Washing the reaction with aqueous solution, separating oil layer, and using anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 Drying, the solvent layer was removed under vacuum to give 50% mg of 2-acetylthiazole in 78% reaction yield.
Comparative example 2
The indirect acylation method for preparing the 2-acetyl thiazole comprises the following steps:
1) Adding 27L hot water, 5.6 kg sulfur vein and 15 kg of 40% chloroacetaldehyde solution into a reaction kettle, refluxing for 2h under stirring, cooling, adding 20% sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and separating out 2-aminothiazole crystals; then diethyl ether is added to dissolve the mixture, and the mixture is separatedThe ether layer is taken out, washed by distilled water and added with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 Drying, steaming and distilling to recover diethyl ether to obtain crude product; recrystallizing the crude product by ethanol to obtain yellow crystal 2-aminothiazole with the melting point of 92-93 ℃.
2) 120g of 2-aminothiazole is weighed and placed in a reaction bottle, phosphoric acid 400 mL (the content is 85%) is added, stirring is carried out to dissolve and cool the mixture to-10 to 0 ℃, 80 mL concentrated nitric acid is dripped into the reaction bottle for about 20 to 30 min, then 20g sodium nitrite is dissolved in 150 mL distilled water solution to be slowly dripped into the reaction bottle, 3 min is needed, stirring is continued for 30 min after the adding, and the reddish brown diazonium salt solution and sodium bromide solution (200 g NaBr is dissolved in 250 mL distilled water) are respectively and slowly dripped into copper sulfate aqueous solution (200 g CuSO) at the same speed by using a dripping funnel 4 •5H 2 O is dissolved in 600 mL distilled water) for bromination reaction, maintained at 0-10 ℃, dropwise added with about 1h, reacted after the addition of 2h, then heated and stirred overnight to lead N to be 2 Removing, cooling, adding 750 mL of 33% NaOH solution for neutralization, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6-7, then steaming the solution with water vapor to obtain an aqueous solution containing 2-bromothiazole, separating, extracting and steaming the aqueous solution, and adding 250 g of K 2 CO 3 Drying, and collecting b.p. 71-73 ℃/2.4 kPa flash distillation, obtaining 128.6 g with the yield of 73.5%.
3) Dropwise adding diethyl ether solution of 2-bromothiazole (25 g of 2-bromothiazole dissolved in 200 mL diethyl ether) into butyl lithium solution (140 mL,0.16 mol) about 0.5 h, stirring for 30 min after adding, reacting at low temperature, dropwise adding diethyl ether solution of ethyl acetate (25 g ethyl acetate dissolved in 50 mL diethyl ether) into the above solution, stirring for 1h after adding, extracting organic phase, washing with distilled water, adding anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 Drying, and then distilling under reduced pressure to collect the fraction of b.p. 89-91 ℃/1.6 kPa to obtain the 2-acetylthiazole with the purity of 17.76 and g being 92 percent.

Claims (7)

1. A method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole, comprising the steps of:
(1) Dropwise adding a furan solution of bromobutane into furan-rinsed magnesium powder under the protection of nitrogen until the magnesium powder disappears, and then carrying out heat preservation and reflux for 1-3 h at 30-50 ℃ to obtain a Grignard reagent;
(2) And (3) sequentially dripping N, N-dimethylacetamide and thiazole into the Grignard reagent in the step (1), stirring at a low temperature for reaction to obtain a reaction product, and separating and purifying the reaction product to obtain the 2-acetylthiazole.
2. The method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the drop velocity of the furan solution of bromobutane is 3 to 5 seconds per drop.
3. The method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the volume ratio of bromobutane to furan in the furan solution of bromobutane is 1:1.
4. The method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the molar ratio of the bromobutane to the magnesium powder is (1.05-1.20): 1.
5. The method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the molar ratio of thiazole to N, N-dimethylacetamide is 1 (1.1-1.5).
6. The method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the low-temperature stirring reaction is 0-5 ℃ and the reaction time is 0.5-2 h.
7. The method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the step (2), the method for separation and purification is: extracting the organic phase, washing with distilled water, adding anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 Drying, and finally distilling under reduced pressure to collect the fraction of b.p.89-91 ℃/1.6 kPa.
CN202310047565.4A 2023-01-31 2023-01-31 Method for synthesizing 2-acetylthiazole Pending CN116425697A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117209446A (en) * 2023-09-15 2023-12-12 济南悟通生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing 2-acetylthiazole by micro-channel method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117209446A (en) * 2023-09-15 2023-12-12 济南悟通生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing 2-acetylthiazole by micro-channel method
CN117209446B (en) * 2023-09-15 2024-05-10 济南悟通生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing 2-acetylthiazole by micro-channel method

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