CN116413139A - Clamp fatigue stress testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for testing the fatigue stress of a fixture. Step 1: Prepare for testing: extract the collet to be tested, then clamp the shaft in the collet, and then clamp the collet in the collet in the testing device In the pneumatic clamping seat, a plurality of collets are clamped by the collet pneumatic clamping seat. The invention relates to the technical field of fixture testing. This fixture fatigue stress test method fixes multiple collets at one time, and then performs push and pull tests at the same time, and after the test is completed, it can be quickly exchanged for different test content, easy to operate and easy to use. The test effect is good, only need to manually load the collet.

Description

A kind of fixture fatigue stress test method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fixture testing, in particular to a fixture fatigue stress testing method.

Background technique

Fixtures replace manual work. In actual use, due to the particularity of the workpiece, the fixtures are also very different; how to ensure the reliability of the fixtures needs to be considered urgently to reduce the risk in actual production; collets need to be repaired after production. Fatigue stress test is used to detect the product quality of the collet, but the existing testing equipment is fixed and then applied external pressure to simulate various working environments when the collet is tested, which is inconvenient to operate and easily leads to errors.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fixture fatigue stress testing method, which solves the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for testing fixture fatigue stress, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Prepare for inspection: extract the collet to be tested, then clamp the shaft in the collet, and then clamp the collet in the collet pneumatic clamping seat in the testing equipment, and put multiple collets together The collet is clamped by the pneumatic clamping seat of the collet, and the collet is fixed, and then the hydraulic lever is activated to drive the upper pressing table to slide down on the detection table, and the pneumatic clamping seat of the connecting shaft is driven to move downward to clamp the connecting shaft. fixed;

Step 2: Carry out detection. At this time, start the driving cylinder to drive the receiving plate to move, and the receiving plate drives the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame to move towards the direction of the collet. At this time, the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame The guide slope on the surface contacts the collet, driven by the rotating rod, the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame rotate and stretch the tension spring to move, driving the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame to open and accept The plate continues to move forward, and then the surface of the collet clamping groove fits with the surface of the collet, and at this time the tension spring loses the force and relaxes to drive the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame to move on the rotating rod, and the collet At this time, the detection sensor is attached to the surface of the collet to collect the internal stress data, and then retract the driving cylinder to drive the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame to retract;

Step 3. Fatigue test: Start the motor to drive the collet pneumatic clamping seat to rotate, drive the collet and the drive shaft to rotate, and then rotate through the upper connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat to perform fatigue testing. During the test, the external air source is used to The inflatable chamber supplies air, drives the air push plate to slide in the inner cavity of the inflatable chamber, drives the ejector rod to move outward, and the ejector rod drives the reset spring to stretch, and the push block and the pull block contact the surface of the drive shaft to Forces in different directions are applied to the surface of the drive shaft. There are three push blocks and three pull blocks. After the detection is completed, repeat step 2 to detect again through the detection sensor and collect stress data;

Step 4. Check again: the air in the inflatable cavity is pumped away through an external air source, and a negative pressure is formed inside at this time. Under the tension of the return spring, the ejector rod is driven back into the rotating end, and then the rotating end drives the push block and pull Rotate the position of the block, apply the pulling force of the pulling block to the connecting shaft that has been touched by the pushing block, and apply the force of the pushing block to the connecting shaft that has been pulled by the pulling block, and then repeat step 2 to detect through the detection sensor and collect stress data.

As a further solution of the present invention: the top of the testing platform is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod, the top of the hydraulic rod piston rod is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper pressing platform, and the top of the testing platform is rotatably connected with a collet pneumatically driven by a motor. As for the clamping seat, the bottom of the upper pressing table is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat.

As a further solution of the present invention: in step 1, when the collet is fixed, the collet to be detected is extracted, and then the shaft is clamped in the collet, and then the collet is clamped in the collet pneumatic clamp in the detection device In the holding seat, multiple collets are clamped by the collet pneumatic clamping seat to fix the collets.

As a further solution of the present invention: when fixing the connecting shaft in step 2, start the hydraulic lever to drive the upper pressing table to slide downward on the detection platform, drive the connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat to move downward to clamp the connecting shaft, and complete the fixation .

As a further solution of the present invention: when performing the first detection in step 2, start the driving cylinder to drive the receiving plate to move, and the receiving plate drives the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame to move towards the direction of the collet. At this time, the first clamping The guide slopes on the surface of the holder and the second holder are in contact with the collet, and driven by the rotating rod, the first holder and the second holder rotate and stretch the tension spring to drive the first holder and the second holder. The second clamping frame is opened, the receiving plate continues to move forward, and then the surface of the clamping groove of the collet fits the surface of the collet. At this time, the tension spring loses the force and relaxes to drive the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame Movement on the turning rod holds the collet in place.

As a further solution of the present invention: during the first collection in step 2, the detection sensor is pasted on the surface of the collet to collect the internal stress data, and then retract the driving cylinder to drive the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame to retract.

As a further solution of the present invention: when external pressure is applied in step 3, start the motor to drive the collet pneumatic clamping seat to rotate, drive the collet and the drive shaft to rotate, and then rotate the pneumatic clamping seat through the upper connecting shaft to perform a fatigue test. During the test, air is supplied to the inflatable cavity through an external air source, which drives the air push plate to slide in the inner cavity of the inflatable cavity, drives the ejector rod to move outward, and the ejector rod drives the reset spring to stretch, and the pushing block and the pulling block interact with each other. The surfaces of the drive shaft are in contact with each other, and forces in different directions are applied to the surface of the drive shaft. There are three push blocks and three pull blocks.

As a further solution of the present invention: when the detection sensor is driven to reset in step 1 to step 3, the gas in the inflatable chamber is sucked away by an external air source, at this time, a negative pressure is formed inside, and the push rod is driven to retract the rotating end under the tension of the reset spring Then turn the rotating end to drive the push block and the pull block to rotate the position, apply the pull force of the pull block to the connecting shaft abutted by the push block, and apply the force of the push block to the connection shaft pulled by the pull block.

The detection equipment includes a detection platform, the top of the detection platform is fixedly connected with a support column, and an upper pressure platform is slidably connected around the support column, and the top of the detection platform is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod, and the piston rod of the hydraulic rod The top end is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper pressing table, the top of the detection table is rotatably connected with a collet pneumatic clamping seat driven by a motor, and the bottom of the upper pressing table is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat, the detection The surface of the inner cavity of the table is rotatably connected with a rotating end, the inner cavity of the rotating end is provided with an inflatable cavity, the inner cavity of the inflatable cavity is slidably connected with an air push plate, and one side of the air push plate is fixedly connected with a push rod, One end of the push rod penetrates and extends to the outside of the detection platform, the inner cavity of the rotating end is provided with a through groove that is movably connected with the surface of the push rod, and the inner cavity of the push rod located in the through groove is fixedly connected with a guide plate, so The surface of the guide plate is slidably connected with the inner cavity of the through groove, and the surface of the ejector rod located in the inner cavity of the through groove is sleeved with a return spring, one end of the return spring abuts against the surface of the guide plate, and the return spring The other end abuts against the inner cavity of the through groove, and one end of the ejector rod is threadedly connected with a push block and a pull block respectively through a thread groove, and the surfaces of the push block and the pull block abut against the surface of the shaft respectively, and the cylinder There are a plurality of pneumatic clamping seats, and they are set in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the ejector rods. The surface of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a driving cylinder, and one end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder is fixedly connected with a receiving plate. The top of the plate is fixedly connected with a rotating rod, and the surface of the rotating rod is respectively connected with a first clamping frame and a second clamping frame. There is a collet clamping groove, one end of the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame are provided with a guide slope, and the surfaces of the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame are fixedly connected with detection sensors, One end of the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame are fixedly connected with a connecting frame, and the opposite sides of the two connecting frames are fixedly connected with a tension spring.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, multiple collets are fixed at one time, and then the push and pull tests are performed at the same time, and after the test is completed, they can be quickly exchanged to perform different test contents. The operation is simple and convenient to use, and the test effect is good. Just manually load the collet.

2. In the present invention, the collet can be quickly clamped by setting the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame during detection, and the sensor can be closely attached to the surface of the collet for data collection, installation and disassembly It is convenient and can be adjusted adaptively.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the structure of the rotating end of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first clamping frame and the second clamping frame of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Detection platform; 2. Pneumatic clamping seat of collet; 3. Pressure rod; 4. Support column; 5. Upper pressing table; 6. Pneumatic clamping seat of connecting shaft; Groove; 9, guide plate; 10, return spring; 11, thread groove; 12, push block; 13, pull block; 14, driving cylinder; 18. Collet clamping groove; 19. Detection sensor; 20. Second clamping frame; 21. Guide slope; 22. Connecting frame; 23. Extension spring; 24. Inflatable chamber; 25. Air push plate.

Detailed ways

In order to further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

Please refer to Figures 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for testing fixture fatigue stress, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Prepare for testing: extract the collet to be tested, then clamp the shaft in the collet, then clamp the collet in the collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 in the testing equipment, and place multiple collets Both are clamped by the collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 to fix the collet, and then start the hydraulic rod 3 to drive the upper pressing table 5 to slide downward on the detection table 1, and drive the connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat 6 to move downward to connect the The shaft is clamped to complete the fixation;

Step 2, carry out detection, at this time start the drive cylinder 14 to drive the receiving plate 15 to move, the receiving plate 15 drives the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 to move towards the direction of the collet, at this time the first clamping frame 17 The guide slope 21 on the surface of the second clamping frame 20 abuts against the collet, driven by the rotating rod 16, the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 rotate and stretch the tension spring 23 to move, driving the first clamping frame The holding frame 17 and the second holding frame 20 are opened, and the receiving plate 15 continues to move forward, and then the surface of the collet holding groove 18 is attached to the surface of the collet, and at this moment, the tension spring 23 loses the stress and relaxes to drive the first The clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 move on the rotating rod 16 to clamp the collet. At this time, the detection sensor 19 is attached to the surface of the collet to collect the internal stress data, and then retract the driving cylinder 14. Drive the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 to retract;

Step 3. Fatigue test: start the motor to drive the collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 to rotate, drive the collet and the drive shaft to rotate, and then rotate through the upper connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat 6 to perform fatigue testing. The source supplies air to the inflatable cavity 24, drives the air push plate 25 to slide in the inner cavity of the inflatable cavity 24, drives the ejector rod 7 to move outward, and the ejector rod 7 drives the return spring 10 to stretch and move, through the push block 12 and the pull block 13 abuts against the surface of the drive shaft, and exerts forces in different directions on the surface of the drive shaft. There are three push blocks 12 and three pull blocks 13. After the detection is completed, repeat step 2 to detect again through the detection sensor 19, corresponding to force data collection;

Step 4, check again: the gas in the inflatable cavity 24 is pumped away through an external air source, and a negative pressure is formed inside at this time. Rotate position of block 12 and pull block 13, apply the pulling force of pull block 13 to the connecting shaft abutted by push block 12, apply the force of push block 12 to the connecting shaft pulled by pull block 13, and then repeat step 2 to pass the detection sensor 19 Perform testing and collect stress data.

The top of the detection table 1 is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod 3, the top of the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 3 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper pressing table 5, and the top of the detection table 1 is rotatably connected with a collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 driven by a motor. The bottom of the press table 5 is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat 6 .

When fixing the collet in step 1, extract the collet to be detected, then clamp the shaft in the collet, then clamp the collet in the collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 in the testing device, and place multiple Each collet is clamped by the collet pneumatic clamping seat 2, and the collet is fixed.

When fixing the connecting shaft in step 2, start the hydraulic rod 3 to drive the upper pressing table 5 to slide downward on the detection table 1, and drive the connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat 6 to move downward to clamp the connecting shaft to complete the fixation.

When the first detection is carried out in step 2, start the drive cylinder 14 to drive the receiving plate 15 to move, and the receiving plate 15 drives the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 to move towards the direction of the collet. At this time, the first clamping frame 17 and the guide slope 21 on the surface of the second clamping frame 20 abut against the collet, driven by the rotating rod 16, the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 rotate the tension spring 23 to move, driving the first The clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 are opened, the receiving plate 15 continues to move forward, and then the surface of the collet clamping groove 18 is attached to the surface of the collet, and at this time, the tension spring 23 loses the tension and relaxes to drive the first A clamping frame 17 and a second clamping frame 20 move on the rotating rod 16 to clamp the collet.

Step 2: During the first collection, the detection sensor 19 is pasted on the surface of the collet to collect the internal stress data, and then retract the driving cylinder 14 to drive the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 to retract.

When external pressure is applied in step 3, start the motor to drive the collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 to rotate, drive the collet and the drive shaft to rotate, and then rotate through the upper connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat 6 to perform fatigue testing. The air source supplies air to the inflatable chamber 24, drives the air push plate 25 to slide in the inner cavity of the inflatable chamber 24, drives the ejector rod 7 to move outward, and the ejector rod 7 drives the return spring 10 to stretch, and the pushing block 12 and pull The blocks 13 abut against the surface of the drive shaft, and exert forces in different directions on the surface of the drive shaft. There are three push blocks 12 and three pull blocks 13 .

In step 1 to step 3, when the detection sensor 19 is driven to reset, the gas in the inflatable chamber 24 is sucked away by an external air source. At this time, a negative pressure is formed inside. Rotating the rotating end drives the push block 12 and the pull block 13 to rotate their positions, and applies the pulling force of the pull block 13 to the connecting shaft abutted by the push block 12 , and applies the force of the push block 12 to the connecting shaft pulled by the pull block 13 .

The detection equipment includes a detection platform 1, the top of the detection platform 1 is fixedly connected with a support column 4, and the surrounding of the support column 4 is slidably connected with an upper pressure platform 5, and the top of the detection platform 1 is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod 3, and the hydraulic rod 3 is a piston rod. The top is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper pressing table 5, the top of the testing table 1 is rotatably connected with a collet pneumatic clamping seat 2 driven by a motor, and the bottom of the upper pressing table 5 is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat 6, the testing table The surface of the inner cavity of 1 is rotatably connected with a rotating end, and the inner cavity of the rotating end is provided with an inflatable cavity 24, and the inner cavity of the inflatable cavity 24 is slidably connected with an air push plate 25, and one side of the air push plate 25 is fixedly connected with a push rod 7. One end of the rod 7 runs through and extends to the outside of the detection table 1, and the inner cavity of the rotating end is provided with a through groove 8 that is movably connected with the surface of the ejector rod 7, and the inner cavity of the ejector rod 7 located in the through groove 8 is fixedly connected with a guide plate 9, guiding The surface of the plate 9 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the through groove 8, and the push rod 7 is located at the surface of the inner cavity of the through groove 8 and is provided with a return spring 10. One end of the return spring 10 abuts against the surface of the guide plate 9, and the back spring 10 The other end abuts against the inner cavity of the through groove 8, and one end of the ejector rod 7 is threadedly connected with a push block 12 and a pull block 13 through a thread groove 11, and the surfaces of the push block 12 and the pull block 13 abut against the surface of the shaft respectively, There are multiple collet pneumatic clamping seats 2, which are set in one-to-one correspondence with the position of the ejector rod 7. The surface of the hydraulic rod 3 is fixedly connected with a driving cylinder 14, and one end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder 14 is fixedly connected with a receiving plate 15. The top of receiving plate 15 is fixedly connected with rotating rod 16, and the surface of rotating rod 16 is connected with the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 respectively, and the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 are opposite to each other. One side is all provided with the collet clamping groove 18, and one end of the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 is all provided with guide slope 21, and the surface of the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 are uniform A detection sensor 19 is fixedly connected, a connecting frame 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the first clamping frame 17 and the second clamping frame 20 , and a tension spring 23 is fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two connecting frames 22 .

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art , without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, when the technical content disclosed above can be used to make some changes or be modified into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but as long as it does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, the technical content of the present invention In essence, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing detection: the collet is fixed through a detection table (1) of detection equipment, and then the connecting shaft is fixed;

step two, detecting, namely clamping the collet chuck for the first time, then collecting for the first time, and then driving the detection sensor to reset;

step three, fatigue test: applying external pressure to the collet chuck, repeating the second step, detecting through the detection sensor (19), collecting stress data, and then driving the detection sensor to reset;

fourth, detecting again: and (3) driving the detection sensor to reset, and then repeating the steps to detect through the detection sensor (19) and collect stress data.

2. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: the top fixedly connected with hydraulic rod (3) of detecting platform (1), the top of hydraulic rod (3) piston rod and the bottom fixed connection of last platform (5), the top of detecting platform (1) rotates and is connected with pneumatic grip slipper (2) of collet chuck through motor drive, the bottom of going up platform (5) rotates and is connected with connecting axle pneumatic grip slipper (6).

3. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the collet to be detected is extracted when the collet is fixed, then the shaft is clamped in the collet, then the collet is clamped in the collet pneumatic clamping seat (2) in the detection equipment, and a plurality of collets are all clamped through the collet pneumatic clamping seat (2) to fix the collet.

4. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, when the connecting shaft is fixed, the hydraulic rod (3) is started to drive the upper pressing table (5) to slide downwards on the detection table (1), and the connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat (6) is driven to move downwards to clamp the connecting shaft, so that the fixing is completed.

5. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, when the first detection is carried out, the driving cylinder (14) is started to drive the bearing plate (15) to move, the bearing plate (15) drives the first clamping frame (17) and the second clamping frame (20) to move towards the direction of the collet chuck, at the moment, the guide inclined planes (21) on the surfaces of the first clamping frame (17) and the second clamping frame (20) are abutted with the collet chuck, under the driving of the rotating rod (16), the first clamping frame (17) and the second clamping frame (20) rotate to stretch the tension spring (23) to move, the first clamping frame (17) and the second clamping frame (20) are driven to open, the bearing plate (15) continues to move forwards, then the surfaces of the collet chuck clamping grooves (18) are attached to the surfaces of the collet chuck, and at the moment, the tension spring (23) loses stress relaxation to drive the first clamping frame (17) and the second clamping frame (20) to move on the rotating rod (16) to clamp the collet chuck.

6. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: and secondly, attaching a detection sensor (19) to the surface of the collet chuck during first collection, collecting internal stress data, and then retracting the driving cylinder (14) to drive the first clamping frame (17) and the second clamping frame (20) to retract.

7. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, when external pressure is applied, the starting motor drives the collet chuck pneumatic clamping seat (2) to rotate, the collet chuck and the driving shaft are driven to rotate, then the connecting shaft pneumatic clamping seat (6) above is driven to rotate, fatigue test is carried out, when the fatigue test is carried out, the external air source is used for supplying air to the inflation cavity (24), the air pushing plate (25) is driven to slide in the inner cavity of the inflation cavity (24), the ejector rod (7) is driven to move outwards, the ejector rod (7) drives the reset spring (10) to move in a stretching mode, the push block (12) and the pull block (13) are in contact with the surface of the driving shaft, stress in different directions is applied to the surface of the driving shaft, and the push block (12) and the pull block (13) are all provided with three.

8. The method for testing fatigue stress of a clamp according to claim 1, wherein: and step one to step three, when the detection sensor (19) is driven to reset, the air in the air filling cavity (24) is pumped away through an external air source, negative pressure is formed inside the air filling cavity, the ejector rod (7) is driven to retract into the rotating end under the tension of the reset spring (10), then the rotating end is rotated to drive the rotating positions of the push block (12) and the pull block (13), the pull force of the pull block (13) is applied to the connecting shaft abutted by the push block (12), and the force of the push block (12) is applied to the connecting shaft pulled by the pull block (13).

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