CN116409952A - Preparation process of modified corncob aggregate and lightweight concrete material thereof - Google Patents
Preparation process of modified corncob aggregate and lightweight concrete material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116409952A CN116409952A CN202310019273.XA CN202310019273A CN116409952A CN 116409952 A CN116409952 A CN 116409952A CN 202310019273 A CN202310019273 A CN 202310019273A CN 116409952 A CN116409952 A CN 116409952A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012792 lyophilization process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 22
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 19
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/12—Multiple coating or impregnating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of modified corncob aggregate and a lightweight concrete material thereof. The process comprises the following steps: (1) And adding the corncob coarse aggregate into water for soaking, and then fishing out for freeze-drying treatment to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate A. (2) And (3) placing the corncob coarse aggregate A into a saturated solution containing calcium ions for soaking, and then fishing out and drying to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate B. (3) And (3) soaking the obtained corncob coarse aggregate B in a saturated solution containing carbonate ions, and then fishing out and drying to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate C. (4) Placing the corncob coarse aggregate C into emulsified asphalt for soaking; then taking out, spraying cement powder on the surface of the product, and drying in vacuum after the completion of the process. According to the invention, the modified corncob is used as aggregate of the concrete material, so that the strength of the concrete is improved, the density of the modified corncob is reduced to a certain extent compared with that of a common concrete material, and the modified corncob is beneficial to promoting the further application of the corncob in the concrete material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light concrete preparation, in particular to a preparation process of modified corncob aggregate and a light concrete material thereof.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The agricultural solid waste is taken as an important renewable resource, and has huge resource utilization potential and value. The efficient utilization of the ecological agent is beneficial to ecological environment protection, can generate huge economic benefit and promotes the development of circulating agriculture. The corn cob is a core shaft after corn cob threshing processing, is used as common agricultural solid waste, and has the advantages of abundant sources, easy acquisition and low cost. The corncob by-products produced annually are about 0.7 hundred million tons, roughly estimated at 1/4 of the corncob yield by weight. The corncob is difficult to be efficiently utilized, most corncobs are used as fuel and feed or are directly subjected to landfill treatment, and the small parts of corncobs are used for extracting cellulose, lignin or culturing edible fungi and the like, so that the ecological environment is polluted, and the agricultural resource is greatly wasted.
Compared with natural sand and stone resources, the corncob as the raw material of the building material has the characteristics of lighter weight, more pores, contribution to reducing the dry density of the building material and the like, but has great influence on the mechanical properties. For example, patent document No. 201911330013.4 discloses a technology for developing a novel green building material and a product thereof by cooperatively treating corncob and construction waste, which has a rich raw material and a low cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. Patent document No. 202111575506.1 discloses a recycled concrete mine filling material made of corncob, in which recycled sand and corncob are used in a large amount, and a method for producing the same. However, although the concrete material directly added with the corncob reduces the density of the concrete, the problem that the mechanical properties such as strength and the like are generally low is brought, and the strength of the concrete is an important index for measuring the performance of the concrete, so that the application of the corncob in the concrete material is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation process of modified corncob aggregate and a lightweight concrete material thereof, which not only improves the strength of concrete by taking modified corncob as aggregate, but also reduces the density compared with common concrete materials, thereby being beneficial to promoting the further application of the corncob in the concrete materials. In order to achieve the above object, specifically, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
Firstly, the invention discloses a preparation process of modified corncob aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding the corncob coarse aggregate into water for fully soaking, then fishing out and drying, and carrying out freeze-drying treatment after the completion. Repeating the above operation again to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate A.
(2) And (3) placing the corncob coarse aggregate A into a saturated solution containing calcium ions for full soaking, then fishing out, drying, and drying to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate B.
(3) And (3) placing the obtained corncob coarse aggregate B into a saturated solution containing carbonate ions for fully soaking, and then fishing out, drying and drying. Repeating the steps (2) to (3) to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate C.
(4) And placing the corncob coarse aggregate C into emulsified asphalt for fully soaking. And then taking out, spraying cement powder on the surface of the modified corncob coarse aggregate, and carrying out vacuum drying after the cement powder is finished, thus obtaining the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
Further, in the step (1), the grain size of the corncob coarse aggregate is between 10 and 25 mm.
Further, in the step (1), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate to water is 1g: 80-150 ml, wherein the soaking time is 45-60 min, so that the corn cob coarse aggregate component absorbs water to expand.
Further, in step (1), the lyophilization process includes: freezing the corncob coarse aggregate after drying control to-30 to-45 ℃ for 1.5 to 2 hours, and vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10Pa for 20 to 30 minutes. The expansion of the pores of the corncob coarse aggregate is realized by carrying out freeze-drying treatment on the corncob coarse aggregate after the swelling.
Further, in the step (1), the repetition time is 2-3 times, so as to better realize the expansion of the corncob coarse aggregate pores.
Further, in the step (2), the saturated solution containing calcium ions includes at least one of a calcium chloride solution, a calcium nitrate solution, a calcium acetate solution, and the like.
Further, in the step (2), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate a to the solution containing calcium ions is 1g: 100-200 ml, wherein the soaking time is 40-60 min.
Further, in the step (3), the saturated solution containing carbonate ions includes at least one of a sodium carbonate solution, a potassium carbonate solution, an ammonium carbonate solution, and the like.
Further, in the step (3), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate B to the saturated solution containing carbonate ions is 1g: 150-300 ml, wherein the soaking time is 30-45 min.
Further, in the steps (2) and (3), the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the drying time is 50-70 min.
Further, in the step (3), the repetition time is 3-5 times, so that the generated calcium carbonate can be better utilized to improve the pore strength of the corncob coarse aggregate.
Further, in the step (4), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate C to the emulsified asphalt is 1g: 130-200 ml, wherein the soaking time is 30-40 min. Preferably, ultrasonic vibration treatment is performed in the soaking process so as to accelerate the emulsified asphalt to enter the corncob coarse aggregate C.
Further, in the step (4), the water content of the emulsified asphalt is 40-50%.
Further, in the step (4), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate C to the cement powder is 1g:0.2g to 0.35g. Preferably, the cement powder is of the same kind as the cement base material.
Further, in the step (4), the temperature of the vacuum drying is 120-150 ℃ and the time is 30-50 min so as to rapidly remove the moisture in the emulsified asphalt absorbed by the corncob coarse aggregate C, so that on one hand, the asphalt is solidified and cement powder particles are fixed, and on the other hand, hydration of the cement powder on the surface of the corncob coarse aggregate C is inhibited.
Secondly, the invention discloses a lightweight concrete material, which comprises the following raw materials: 400-460 parts of cement base material, 1143-1311 parts of modified corncob coarse aggregate prepared by the method, 560-644 parts of fine aggregate, 30-50 parts of wood powder, 1.5-2 parts of fiber, 1.3-1.7 parts of water reducer and 192-207 parts of water.
Further, the fine aggregate includes any one of natural sand, artificial sand, and the like. Optionally, the fine aggregate has a particle size of between 1 and 4 mm.
Further, the wood flour is a particulate matter formed by pulverizing waste wood products, lumber, and the like. Optionally, the grain size of the wood powder is 0.5-1.5 mm.
Further, the fibers include any one of carbon fibers, polypropylene fiber glass fibers, and the like. Optionally, the length of the fibers is between 10 and 20 mm.
Further, the water reducing agent comprises any one of a polycarboxylate water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent, an aliphatic water reducing agent and the like. Optionally, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is between 20 and 25 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the corncob has the characteristics of high porosity, low strength and the like, so that the mechanical property is insufficient when the common corncob material is directly used as concrete aggregate, the cement hydration of the surface of the corncob is insufficient due to the characteristic of strong water absorption of the corncob, and the mechanical property of the concrete is seriously insufficient due to poor interfacial compatibility between the corncob and a concrete matrix. Therefore, the corn cob freeze-drying device firstly utilizes the characteristic of high water absorbability of the corn cob to absorb water for freeze-drying treatment, and utilizes the characteristic that the volume of water is increased by condensing into ice to expand the pores of the corn cob, so that the closed or semi-closed pores of the corn cob can be opened conveniently. On the basis, the corn cob is used for absorbing calcium ions, and the corn cob is dried and then placed in a saturated solution containing the calcium ions, so that the main purpose is that: the method has the advantages that moisture can be removed after drying, calcium ions are reserved in the pores of the corncob, when the dried corncob enters the saturated solution containing carbonate ions, the solution can be quickly absorbed, so that calcium carbonate is formed to be filled in the corncob, the problem that calcium carbonate is easy to lose due to the fact that the calcium carbonate is difficult to diffuse out of the pores of the corncob, and the calcium carbonate is easy to soak in the saturated solution containing the calcium ions and the saturated solution containing the carbonate ions repeatedly is effectively avoided. By repeating the above-described modification process a plurality of times, and because the corncob has been reamed before, the compactness and strength of the corncob can be effectively increased.
Furthermore, the corncob subjected to the modification treatment is firstly dried and then is treated by emulsified asphalt, and the reason is that: drying is carried out firstly to remove water in the corncob, so that the volume of the corncob is contracted, calcium carbonate filled in the pores is compacted, and the volume stability and strength of the corncob are improved. After the corncob is immersed in the emulsified asphalt, the emulsified asphalt permeates into the pores of the corncob and the calcium carbonate is further compacted, and when the emulsified asphalt in the dried corncob is solidified, the calcium carbonate and the calcium carbonate are more firmly bonded to form a whole, so that the strength of the corncob is improved, and the asphalt also has certain toughness, so that the obtained corncob aggregate has good compressive resistance and crack resistance. In addition, due to the solidification and shrinkage of the asphalt, the corncob aggregate is compacted further, and the volume stability, strength and compactness of the corncob aggregate are improved.
In addition, the water absorption of the corn aggregate subjected to the emulsified asphalt modification treatment is obviously reduced, and the problems of reduced concrete strength and poor cracking resistance caused by insufficient cement hydration at the surface of the corn cob due to strong water absorption are well solved. In addition, the invention also sprays cement powder on the surface of the corn cob soaked by the emulsified asphalt and then carries out vacuum drying, and the main functions are as follows: after the emulsified asphalt is soaked, the surface of the corncob is provided with the emulsified asphalt, and after the emulsified asphalt is sprayed, the mixture formed by the emulsified asphalt and the emulsified asphalt is coated on the surface of the corncob, and then the emulsified asphalt is quickly solidified by vacuum drying, and the water is removed to prevent hydration of the cement powder, so that after the corncob materials enter the cement base material, the cement powder on the surface of the corncob materials and the cement base material are synchronously hydrated, the interfacial compatibility and the binding force between the corncob aggregates and the cement base material are enhanced, and the strength of the concrete is effectively improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the corncob aggregates used in the following examples.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the test effect for testing compressive strength prepared in the following example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the test effect for testing flexural strength prepared in example 1 below.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, which do not address the specific conditions in the examples below, are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The reagents or materials used in the present invention may be purchased in conventional manners, and unless otherwise indicated, they may be used in conventional manners in the art or according to the product specifications. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention. The preferred methods and materials described herein are illustrative only.
In the following examples, the emulsified asphalt is a product produced by Guangzhou Dele building materials Co., ltd, and the water content is between 40 and 50%.
In the following examples, the corncob is obtained from rural farmers in urban and sunny areas of Qingdao city, and the aggregate is crushed by an agricultural crusher to form corncob coarse aggregate, as shown in fig. 1.
Example 1
1. A preparation process of modified corncob aggregate comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening out corncob coarse aggregate with the particle size of 10-15 mm, and mixing the corncob coarse aggregate with water according to the weight ratio of 1g: mixing 120ml, soaking for 50min, and stirring once every 10 min. And fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate after the soaking is finished, and drying for 5min. Then, freeze-drying treatment (freezing to-40 ℃ C. For 1.5 hours, and then vacuum-pumping to a vacuum degree of 5Pa for 25 min) was performed. And after the completion, soaking the obtained corncob again, and then lyophilizing, wherein the specific operation is the same as that above, and finally, the corncob coarse aggregate is subjected to total lyophilization for three times to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate A.
(2) The saturated solution of the corncob coarse aggregate A and calcium chloride is prepared according to the following weight ratio of 1g:160ml of the mixture is soaked for 45min, and stirred and turned once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the corn cob coarse aggregate B, drying for 5min, and then drying for 60min at 85 ℃ to obtain the corn cob coarse aggregate B.
(3) Mixing the corncob coarse aggregate B with a saturated solution of sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio of 1g:200ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 40min, and stirred and turned once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the materials, drying for 5min, and then drying at 85 ℃ for 60min. Repeating the steps (2) to (3) for five times to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate C.
(4) The corncob coarse aggregate C and emulsified asphalt (water content 48%) were mixed according to 1g: mixing at a ratio of 150ml, soaking for 35min, and stirring once every 5min. Fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate C after the soaking is finished, and mixing 1g of the corncob coarse aggregate C with cement powder: 0.25g of ordinary Portland cement powder (42.5 g) was sprayed onto the cob coarse aggregate C while vibrating and tumbling it. And after the completion, vacuum drying the obtained corncob coarse aggregate C at 130 ℃ for 40min to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
2. The preparation of the lightweight concrete material comprises the following steps:
(1) The following raw materials were prepared: 42.5 ordinary Portland cement 440 weight portions, modified corncob coarse aggregate 1254 weight portions prepared in the embodiment, river sand 616 weight portions with the grain diameter of 1-4 mm, wood powder 41 weight portions with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0 mm, polypropylene fiber 1.7 weight portions with the length of 10-20 mm, polycarboxylate water reducer (water reducing rate 25%) 1.5 weight portions and water 200 weight portions.
(2) And (3) placing the raw materials except water in the raw materials in a stirrer to stir for 5min so as to uniformly mix the raw materials, and then adding the water to stir for 5min to obtain the light concrete material.
The lightweight concrete material prepared in this example was poured into a mold to prepare a test piece (as shown in fig. 2 and 3), and various performance indexes thereof were tested. The results show that: 28d compressive strength 7.51MPa, 28d flexural strength 2.82MPa, dry density 1307kg/m 3 。
Example 2
1. A preparation process of modified corncob aggregate comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening corncob coarse aggregate with the particle size of 20-25 mm, mixing the corncob coarse aggregate with water according to the weight ratio of 1g: mixing at a ratio of 150ml, soaking for 60min, and stirring once every 10 min. And fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate after the soaking is finished, and drying for 5min. Then, freeze-drying treatment (freezing to-45 ℃ C. For 1.5 hours, and then vacuum-pumping to a vacuum degree of 5Pa for 30 minutes) was performed. And after the completion, soaking the obtained corncob again, and then lyophilizing, wherein the specific operation is the same as that above, and finally, the corncob coarse aggregate is subjected to total lyophilization for three times to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate A.
(2) The saturated solution of the corncob coarse aggregate A and calcium acetate is prepared according to the following weight ratio of 1g:200ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 60 minutes, and stirred and turned once every 10 minutes. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the corn cob coarse aggregate B, drying for 5min, and then drying at 90 ℃ for 70min.
(3) Mixing the corncob coarse aggregate B with a saturated solution of sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio of 1g:300ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 45min, and stirred and turned once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the materials, drying for 5min, and then drying at 90 ℃ for 70min. Repeating the steps (2) to (3) four times in total to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate C.
(4) The corncob coarse aggregate C and emulsified asphalt (water content 50%) are mixed according to 1g:200ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 35min, and stirred and turned once every 5min. Fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate C after the soaking is finished, and mixing 1g of the corncob coarse aggregate C with cement powder: 0.35g of ordinary Portland cement powder (42.5 g) was sprayed onto the cob coarse aggregate C while vibrating and tumbling it. And after the completion, vacuum drying the obtained corncob coarse aggregate C for 30min at 150 ℃ to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
2. The preparation of the lightweight concrete material comprises the following steps:
(1) The following raw materials were prepared: 42.5 ordinary Portland cement 400 weight portions, modified corncob coarse aggregate 1143 weight portions prepared in the embodiment, river sand 560 weight portions with the grain size of 1-4 mm, wood powder 30 weight portions with the grain size of 0.5-1.0 mm, glass fiber 1.5 weight portions with the length of 10-20 mm, polycarboxylate water reducer (water reducing rate 25%) 1.3 weight portions, and water 192 weight portions.
(2) And (3) placing the raw materials except water in the raw materials in a stirrer to stir for 5min so as to uniformly mix the raw materials, and then adding the water to stir for 5min to obtain the light concrete material.
The lightweight concrete materials prepared in this example were poured into a mold to prepare test pieces, and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 6.73MPa, 28d flexural strength 2.16MPa, dry density 1334kg/m 3 。
Example 3
1. A preparation process of modified corncob aggregate comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening out corncob coarse aggregate with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and mixing the corncob coarse aggregate with water according to the weight ratio of 1g:80ml of the mixture is soaked for 45min, and stirred and turned once every 10 min. And fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate after the soaking is finished, and drying for 5min. Then, freeze-drying treatment (freezing to-30 ℃ C. For 2 hours, and then vacuum-pumping to a vacuum degree of 10Pa for 30 minutes) was performed. And after the completion, soaking the obtained corncob again, and then lyophilizing, wherein the specific operation is the same as that above, and finally, the corncob coarse aggregate is subjected to lyophilization for two times in total to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate A.
(2) The saturated solution of the corncob coarse aggregate A and ammonium carbonate is prepared according to the following weight ratio of 1g: mixing at a ratio of 100ml, soaking for 40min, and stirring once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the corn cob coarse aggregate B, drying for 5min, and then drying for 50min at 80 ℃ to obtain the corn cob coarse aggregate B.
(3) Mixing the corncob coarse aggregate B with a saturated solution of sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio of 1g: mixing at a ratio of 150ml, soaking for 30min, and stirring once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the materials, drying for 5min, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 50min. Repeating the steps (2) to (3) for three times to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate C.
(4) The corncob coarse aggregate C and emulsified asphalt (water content 40%) are mixed according to 1g:130ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 35min, and stirred and turned once every 5min. Fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate C after the soaking is finished, and mixing 1g of the corncob coarse aggregate C with cement powder: 0.2g of ordinary Portland cement powder (42.5 g) was sprayed onto the cob coarse aggregate C while vibrating and tumbling it. And after the completion, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained corncob coarse aggregate C at 120 ℃ for 50min to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
2. The preparation of the lightweight concrete material comprises the following steps:
(1) The following raw materials were prepared: 42.5 parts of ordinary Portland cement 460 parts, 1311 part of modified corncob coarse aggregate prepared in the embodiment, 644 parts of river sand with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm and the particle size of 1-4 mm, 50 parts of wood powder, 1.5 parts of carbon fiber with the length of 10-15 mm, 2.0 parts of polycarboxylate water reducer (water reducing rate of 20%) and 207 parts of water.
(2) And (3) placing the raw materials except water in the raw materials in a stirrer to stir for 5min so as to uniformly mix the raw materials, and then adding the water to stir for 5min to obtain the light concrete material.
The lightweight concrete materials prepared in this example were poured into a mold to prepare test pieces, and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 7.27MPa, 28d flexural strength 2.44MPa, dry density 1267kg/m 3 。
Example 4
The preparation of the lightweight concrete material, as in example 1, differs in that: the preparation process of the modified corncob aggregate of the embodiment adopts the following steps:
(1) Screening out corncob coarse aggregate with the particle size of 10-15 mm, and mixing the corncob coarse aggregate with saturated solution of calcium chloride according to the weight ratio of 1g:160ml of the mixture is soaked for 45min, and stirred and turned once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the corn cob coarse aggregate B, drying for 5min, and then drying for 60min at 85 ℃ to obtain the corn cob coarse aggregate B.
(2) Mixing the corncob coarse aggregate B with a saturated solution of sodium carbonate according to the weight ratio of 1g:200ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 40min, and stirred and turned once every 10 min. And after the soaking is finished, fishing out the materials, drying for 5min, and then drying at 85 ℃ for 60min. Repeating the steps (2) to (3) for five times to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate C.
(3) The corncob coarse aggregate C and emulsified asphalt (water content 48%) were mixed according to 1g: mixing at a ratio of 150ml, soaking for 35min, and stirring once every 5min. Fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate C after the soaking is finished, and mixing 1g of the corncob coarse aggregate C with cement powder: 0.25g of ordinary Portland cement powder (42.5 g) was sprayed onto the cob coarse aggregate C while vibrating and tumbling it. And after the completion, vacuum drying the obtained corncob coarse aggregate C at 130 ℃ for 40min to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
Pouring the lightweight concrete material prepared in the embodiment into a mould to prepareTest pieces were tested and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 5.27MPa, 28d flexural strength 1.46MPa, dry density 1223kg/m 3 。
Example 5
The preparation of the lightweight concrete material was the same as in example 2, except that: the preparation process of the modified corncob aggregate of the embodiment adopts the following steps:
(1) Screening corncob coarse aggregate with the particle size of 20-25 mm, mixing the corncob coarse aggregate with water according to the weight ratio of 1g: mixing at a ratio of 150ml, soaking for 60min, and stirring once every 10 min. And fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate after the soaking is finished, and drying for 5min. Then, freeze-drying treatment (freezing to-45 ℃ C. For 1.5 hours, and then vacuum-pumping to a vacuum degree of 5Pa for 30 minutes) was performed. And after the completion, soaking the obtained corncob again, and then lyophilizing, wherein the specific operation is the same as that above, and finally, the corncob coarse aggregate is subjected to total lyophilization for three times to obtain the corncob coarse aggregate A.
(2) The corncob coarse aggregate A and emulsified asphalt (water content 50%) are mixed according to 1g:200ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 35min, and stirred and turned once every 5min. Fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate A after the soaking is finished, and mixing 1g of the corncob coarse aggregate A with cement powder: 0.35g of ordinary Portland cement powder (42.5 g) was sprayed onto the cob coarse aggregate A while vibrating and tumbling it. And after the completion, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained corncob coarse aggregate A for 30min at 150 ℃ to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
The lightweight concrete materials prepared in this example were poured into a mold to prepare test pieces, and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 3.92MPa, 28d flexural strength 1.18MPa, dry density 1046kg/m 3 。
Example 6
The preparation of the lightweight concrete material was the same as in example 3, except that: the preparation process of the modified corncob aggregate in the embodiment comprises the following step (4): corncob coarse aggregate C and water according to 1g:130ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 35min, and stirred and turned once every 5min. Fishing out the corncob coarse aggregate C after the soaking is finished, and mixing 1g of the corncob coarse aggregate C with cement powder: 0.2g of ordinary Portland cement powder (42.5 g) was sprayed onto the cob coarse aggregate C while vibrating and tumbling it. And after the completion, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained corncob coarse aggregate C at 120 ℃ for 50min to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
The lightweight concrete materials prepared in this example were poured into a mold to prepare test pieces, and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 4.33MPa, 28d flexural strength 1.37MPa, dry density 1094kg/m 3 。
Example 7
The preparation of the lightweight concrete material was the same as in example 3, except that: the preparation process of the modified corncob aggregate in the embodiment comprises the following step (4): corncob coarse aggregate C and emulsified asphalt (water content 40%) were mixed according to 1g:130ml of the materials are mixed and soaked for 35min, and stirred and turned once every 5min. And (3) taking out the corncob coarse aggregate C after the soaking is finished, and vacuum drying the corncob coarse aggregate C at 120 ℃ for 50min to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
The lightweight concrete materials prepared in this example were poured into a mold to prepare test pieces, and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 6.13MPa, 28d flexural strength 1.97MPa, dry density 1228kg/m 3 。
Example 8
The preparation of the lightweight concrete material comprises the following steps:
(1) The following raw materials were prepared: 42.5 ordinary Portland cement 440 weight portions, corncob coarse aggregate 1254 weight portions with the grain diameter of 10-15 mm (the corncob coarse aggregate is not modified), river sand 616 weight portions with the grain diameter of 1-4 mm, wood powder 41 weight portions with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0 mm, polypropylene fiber 1.7 weight portions with the length of 10-20 mm, polycarboxylate water reducer (water reducing rate 25%) 1.5 weight portions and water 200 weight portions.
(2) And (3) placing the raw materials except water in the raw materials in a stirrer to stir for 5min so as to uniformly mix the raw materials, and then adding the water to stir for 5min to obtain the light concrete material.
The lightweight concrete materials prepared in this example were poured into a mold to prepare test pieces, and various performance indexes thereof were tested (test manner as in example 1). The results show that: 28d compressive strength 2.41MPa, 28d flexural strength 0.84MPa, dry density 938kg/m 3 。
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation process of the modified corncob aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Adding the corncob coarse aggregate into water for fully soaking, then fishing out and drying, and carrying out freeze-drying treatment after finishing; repeating the above operation again to obtain corncob coarse aggregate A;
(2) Placing the corncob coarse aggregate A into a saturated solution containing calcium ions for full soaking, then fishing out, drying, and drying to obtain corncob coarse aggregate B;
(3) Placing the obtained corncob coarse aggregate B into saturated solution containing carbonate ions for fully soaking, then fishing out, drying; repeating the steps (2) to (3) to obtain corncob coarse aggregate C;
(4) Placing the corncob coarse aggregate C into emulsified asphalt for fully soaking; and then taking out, spraying cement powder on the surface of the modified corncob coarse aggregate, and performing vacuum drying after the cement powder is finished to obtain the modified corncob coarse aggregate.
2. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the corncob coarse aggregate has a particle size of between 10 and 25 mm;
optionally, in step (1), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate to water is 1g: 80-150 ml, wherein the soaking time is 45-60 min;
optionally, in step (1), the lyophilization process comprises: freezing the corncob coarse aggregate after drying control to-30 to-45 ℃ for 1.5 to 2 hours, and vacuumizing until the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10Pa for 20 to 30 minutes;
optionally, in step (1), the number of repetitions is 2 to 3.
3. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate a to the calcium ion-containing solution is 1g: 100-200 ml, wherein the soaking time is 40-60 min; optionally, the saturated solution containing calcium ions comprises at least one of a calcium chloride solution, a calcium nitrate solution, and a calcium acetate solution.
4. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate B to the saturated solution containing carbonate ions is 1g: 150-300 ml, wherein the soaking time is 30-45 min; optionally, the saturated solution containing carbonate ions comprises at least one of sodium carbonate solution, potassium carbonate solution, and ammonium carbonate solution.
5. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 1, wherein in steps (2) and (3), the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃ for 50-70 min;
optionally, in step (3), the number of repetitions is 3 to 5.
6. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 1, wherein in step (4), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate C to emulsified asphalt is 1g: 130-200 ml, wherein the soaking time is 30-40 min; preferably, ultrasonic oscillation treatment is carried out in the soaking process;
optionally, in the step (4), the water content of the emulsified asphalt is 40-50%.
7. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of any one of claims 1-6, wherein in step (4), the ratio of the corncob coarse aggregate C to cement powder is 1g: 0.2-0.35 g; preferably, the cement powder is of the same kind as the cement base material;
or in the step (4), the temperature of the vacuum drying is 120-150 ℃ and the time is 30-50 min.
8. The lightweight concrete material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-460 parts of cement base material, 1143-1311 parts of modified corncob coarse aggregate prepared by the process of any one of claims 1-7, 560-644 parts of fine aggregate, 30-50 parts of wood flour, 1.5-2 parts of fiber, 1.3-1.7 parts of water reducer and 192-207 parts of water.
9. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 8, wherein the fine aggregate comprises any one of natural sand, artificial sand; optionally, the fine aggregate has a particle size of between 1 and 4 mm;
optionally, the wood flour is particles formed by crushing at least one of waste wood products and wood; optionally, the grain size of the wood powder is 0.5-1.5 mm.
10. The modified corncob aggregate lightweight concrete material of claim 8 or 9, wherein the fiber comprises any one of carbon fiber, polypropylene fiber glass fiber; optionally, the length of the fibers is between 10 and 20 mm;
optionally, the water reducer comprises any one of a polycarboxylate water reducer, a naphthalene water reducer and an aliphatic water reducer; optionally, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is between 20 and 25 percent.
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| WO2016051085A1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | Lafarge | Insulating concrete block containing plant aggregates |
| CN110922143A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-27 | 青岛农业大学 | Biomass aggregate recycled concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN111875301A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-03 | 武汉工程大学 | Nano reinforcement method for recycled aggregate concrete and reinforced recycled aggregate obtained by nano reinforcement method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016051085A1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | Lafarge | Insulating concrete block containing plant aggregates |
| CN110922143A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-27 | 青岛农业大学 | Biomass aggregate recycled concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN111875301A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-03 | 武汉工程大学 | Nano reinforcement method for recycled aggregate concrete and reinforced recycled aggregate obtained by nano reinforcement method |
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