CN116402977A - Method, system and device for acquiring vehicle body surface defect compensation model based on Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology - Google Patents
Method, system and device for acquiring vehicle body surface defect compensation model based on Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Method, system and device for acquiring vehicle body surface defect compensation model based on point cloud shadow analysis technology. Belongs to the technical field of automobile exterior trimming surfaces, and in particular relates to the field of automobile body surface defect compensation. The method solves the problem of lacking a vehicle body surface defect compensation method capable of directly taking the shadow analysis result as a compensation reference. The method for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model by the base Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology is provided, the areas where the point cloud data light and shadow stripes of the vehicle body outer cover part are different from the curved surface data light and shadow stripes of the theoretical mold surface are identified, the point cloud data light and shadow stripes of the vehicle body outer cover part are adjusted in the forward direction, the adjusted point cloud data light and shadow stripes of the vehicle body outer cover part are consistent with the curved surface data light and shadow stripes of the theoretical mold surface, and the curved surface data of the theoretical mold surface with the surface defect area is subjected to deformation compensation processing, so that the vehicle body surface defect compensation model is acquired.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile exterior trim, and particularly relates to the field of automobile body surface defect compensation.
Background
The outer covering part of the automobile body mainly comprises an A-level curved surface area and a structural surface area, wherein the A-level curved surface area mainly refers to an exposed surface capable of reflecting the modeling characteristics of the automobile body after the automobile body is assembled, and the structural surface area mainly refers to an area which is hidden inside the automobile body after the automobile body is assembled and has lap joint relation with other parts, as shown in figure 1. The outer covering part of the automobile body is mainly manufactured by a metal plate through a die stamping forming mode, and after the stamping die is completely closed, the outer covering part is clamped between the male die and the female die, and then the outer surface of the outer covering part is completely consistent with the molded surface of the die. When the stamping die is opened, the load applied to the outer covering part is removed, and surface defects such as partial depressions or bulges are inevitably generated on the class-A curved surface due to uneven plastic deformation, rebound release of bending deformation at the fillet, material accumulation and the like in the stamping forming process of the outer covering part, and the curvature of the defect areas is inconsistent with that of the corresponding die surface. When there are surface defects on the outer cover surface that destroy the original curvature distribution characteristics of the car body, the light and shadow stripes on the painted surface are distorted at the defects, thereby affecting the aesthetic feeling of the car body. In the current heavy competing background of the automotive industry, automotive manufacturers are increasingly demanding in terms of the quality of the appearance of the vehicle body, where the quality of the formation of class a curved surface areas is decisive for the quality of the appearance of the vehicle. For this reason, these surface defects must be eliminated or minimized at the stage of manufacturing the vehicle body outer panel.
Currently, three solutions exist in production for the surface defects of the car body:
the first method can be described as a part repairing method, namely, no transformation is performed on a stamping die, the surface defect on the outer covering part is directly repaired by using some repairing tools completely depending on personal experience of operators, as shown in fig. 2, pit type surface defects on an A-level curved surface of the outer covering part are taken as an example, the positions of pit defects are found out by using an oilstone detection method, then a metal plate in a defect area is forced to arch upwards by using a tool to deform, and finally excessive metal is removed by using a polishing tool, so that the repaired A-level curved surface meets the smoothness requirement of a theoretical curved surface;
the second method can be described as a local extrusion method, as shown in fig. 3, taking pit type surface defects as an example, modifying a stamping die, manufacturing local bulge features on the die surface of a male die corresponding to the defect part, wherein the die closing gap of the bulge region is smaller than that of the surrounding region, and locally extruding the metal plate by virtue of the male die and the female die in the local bulge region so as to improve the surface defects;
the third method can be described as a profile compensation method, as shown in fig. 4, in which, still taking a pit defect as an example, the profile of the mold is compensated reversely to form an upwardly convex feature, the metal plate is stamped by using the compensated mold, and when the mold is opened, the load applied on the metal plate is removed, and the metal plate is elastically deformed in a direction opposite to the compensation feature, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating or reducing the surface defect on the class a curved surface.
Among the three existing methods for solving the surface defects, the method has higher requirements on personal experience of operators, is only suitable for small-batch or high-end custom-made production of vehicle types, and has the production efficiency of manual repair which is difficult to meet the production takt requirement of mass production of vehicle types. The local uplift characteristic in the second method is mainly realized through build-up welding or laser cladding and other additive technologies, a die bench worker grinds an additive area, and then a stamping test is used for checking the improvement degree of the surface defect. The third method is to judge the defect degree according to the qualitative or quantitative detection means of the surface defect, such as the defect range, the depth of the pit or the height of the convex hull, and then to reversely compensate the mold surface based on the defect range, and finally to use whether the convex hull or the pit is eliminated as the evaluation standard for checking whether the compensation effect is achieved. Compared with the first method and the second method, some digital analysis and detection technologies (such as a plate forming finite element analysis technology, a surface defect quantitative evaluation technology based on point cloud data and the like) can be well integrated into the third method. Therefore, the third method is superior to the first method and the second method in the aspects of solving the surface defects, controlling the cost, controlling the surface quality of the parts and the like, and is an effective way for solving the surface defects of the vehicle body. However, the method three still has a certain limitation in practical application, and is mainly characterized in that the compensation standard and the evaluation standard of the compensation result of the method three are inconsistent with the final acceptance standard of the surface quality of the vehicle body. In the automobile production, the quality of the shadow stripes of the automobile body in the light chamber is mainly relied on to evaluate the surface quality of the automobile body, and after compensation, even if pits or convex hull defects cannot be detected on an A-level curved surface, the surface curvature of the outer covering part cannot be completely consistent with the curvature of a theoretical digital model, and the shadow stripes in the original defect area still have the possibility of twisting or non-smooth phenomenon.
Therefore, there is a need in the engineering for a surface defect compensation method that can directly use the result of the shadow analysis as a compensation reference and an evaluation criterion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that a vehicle body surface defect compensation method which can directly take the light and shadow analysis result as a compensation reference and an evaluation standard is lacking in engineering.
The invention provides a method for acquiring a vehicle body surface defect compensation model by using a base Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology, which comprises the following steps:
s1, importing point cloud data of an outer covering part of a vehicle body and curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface into computer aided design software;
s2, respectively calculating point cloud data shadow stripes of the automobile body outer covering part and curved surface data shadow stripes of a theoretical mold surface by utilizing a shadow analysis tool, identifying areas different from each other, and defining the areas as surface defect areas;
s3, positively adjusting the point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body, so that the adjusted point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body is consistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface;
s4, comparing point cloud data of the outer covering parts of the automobile body before and after forward adjustment to obtain an adjustment magnitude cloud chart, wherein the adjustment magnitude cloud chart displays adjustment increment;
s5, according to the magnitude-adjusted cloud chart, carrying out deformation compensation processing on curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface with a surface defect area in computer aided design software to obtain the vehicle body surface defect compensation model.
Further, the vehicle body outer covering part refers to a part capable of reflecting the appearance modeling characteristics of the vehicle body, and comprises an engine cover outer plate, a fender, a door outer plate, a side wall outer plate, a trunk outer plate, a back door outer plate and a roof cover outer plate.
Further, the computer aided design software includes any software program with a light and shadow analysis function and a curved surface deformation function.
Further, the body outer panel point cloud data includes data acquired via any digital analysis and detection technique.
Further, the vehicle body outer cover point cloud data comprises rebounded vehicle body outer cover grid data acquired through finite element simulation software.
Further, the exterior body cover point cloud data includes exterior body cover surface scan data acquired by an optical detection device.
Further, the point cloud data of the outer covering parts of the vehicle body before and after forward adjustment are compared to obtain an adjustment magnitude cloud image; using a vector difference analysis tool.
And further, carrying out deformation compensation treatment on the curved surface data of the theoretical mold surface with the surface defect area, wherein the compensation direction is the direction opposite to the change trend of the light shading streak of the point cloud data of the vehicle body outer covering part, and the compensation magnitude is the adjustment increment in the adjustment magnitude cloud chart.
The second scheme is taken as an integral technical scheme, and the invention also provides a system for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model by adopting the base Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology, which comprises the following modules:
and a data importing module: importing point cloud data of the outer covering part of the automobile body and curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface;
defect definition module: calculating point cloud data shadow stripes of the outer covering piece of the automobile body and curved surface data shadow stripes of the theoretical mold surface, identifying areas different from each other, and defining the areas as surface defect areas;
defect adjustment module: positively adjusting the point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body to ensure that the adjusted point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body is consistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface;
cloud image display module: comparing the point cloud data of the outer covering parts of the vehicle body before and after forward adjustment to obtain an adjustment magnitude cloud chart, wherein the adjustment magnitude cloud chart displays adjustment increment;
and the compensation processing module is used for: and according to the magnitude-adjusting cloud chart, carrying out deformation compensation processing on the curved surface data of the theoretical mold surface with the surface defect area in computer aided design software to obtain a vehicle body surface defect compensation model.
The third aspect of the present invention provides an overall technical solution, and the present invention further provides a device for obtaining a model for compensating for a surface defect of a vehicle body based on the light and shadow analysis of Yu Dianyun, where the device includes a microprocessor and a memory, where the memory stores a computer program, and when the microprocessor runs the program, the method described in the method for compensating for a surface defect of a vehicle body based on the light and shadow analysis of Yu Dianyun is executed.
The method for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the automobile production, the quality of the shadow stripes of the automobile body in the light chamber is mainly relied on to evaluate the surface quality of the automobile body, and after compensation, even if pits or convex hull defects cannot be detected on an A-level curved surface, the surface curvature of the outer covering part cannot be completely consistent with the curvature of a theoretical digital model, and the shadow stripes in the original defect area still have the possibility of twisting or non-smooth phenomenon. The original external covering piece defect compensation method takes the defect that pits or convex hulls cannot be detected on the external covering piece as a compensation reference and does not start from the angle of the external covering piece light shadow stripe quality for defect compensation.
(2) By utilizing the cooperative change characteristics between the curvature of the curved surface and the light shadow, the digital light shadow technology is directly utilized to compensate the surface defects of the outer covering piece of the automobile body, so that the number of times of die modification caused by the surface defects of the outer covering piece is effectively reduced, the die development period is shortened, the die development cost is saved, and the surface quality of the outer covering piece is obviously improved.
The method for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model, the system for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model and the device for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model can be applied to the technical field of manufacturing of automobile exterior trim surfaces, the technical field of detecting automobile exterior trim defects and the field of compensating automobile exterior trim surface defects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a digital-to-analog curved surface partition of a fender product of a certain vehicle type;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a part repair method for surface defects;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a partial extrusion process for surface defects;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a profile compensation method for surface defects;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of curved surface data shadow stripes of a theoretical mold surface and cloud data shadow stripes of a rear door outer panel point of a vehicle body in an embodiment 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the adjusted cloud data shading stripe of the rear door outer panel of the vehicle body in embodiment 1;
FIG. 7 is a cloud chart of adjustment values obtained in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the modified theoretical mold profile data light shading pattern of example 1;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of curved surface data shadow stripes of a 2-theory mold surface and cloud data shadow stripes of a side outer panel of a vehicle body in an embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the adjusted cloud data shading stripe of the outer panel points of the side body panel in example 2;
FIG. 11 is a cloud chart of adjustment values obtained in example 2;
fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of the modified theoretical mold profile data shading pattern of example 2.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1.
Taking a rear door outer plate of a vehicle body as an example, the method for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model based on Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology provided by the invention comprises the following specific implementation processes:
step S1, finite element simulation is carried out on the stamping forming process of the automobile body back door outer plate in an Autoform software, point cloud data of the rebounded automobile body back door outer plate is output in a stl format, point cloud data of the automobile body back door outer plate is obtained, and the point cloud data of the automobile body back door outer plate and curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface are imported into computer aided design software CATIA;
step S2, respectively calculating a curved surface data shadow stripe of a theoretical mold surface and a vehicle body back door outer plate point cloud data shadow stripe by using a shadow tool under the same observation angle, identifying areas where the characteristics of the vehicle body back door outer plate point cloud data shadow stripe are inconsistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface as shown in fig. 5, and defining the areas as surface defect areas because the curved surface data shadow stripe of the vehicle body back door outer plate point cloud data shadow stripe generates distortion compared with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface in a door catch hand ring indication area as shown in fig. 5;
step S3, positively adjusting the point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer plate of the back door of the automobile body, so that the adjusted point cloud data shadow stripe is basically consistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface, as shown in FIG. 6;
s4, comparing the cloud data shadow fringes of the front and rear door outer plates of the vehicle body before and after adjustment, and acquiring an adjustment value cloud picture by using a vector analysis tool, as shown in FIG. 7; the vector analysis tool is a tool which is self-contained in computer aided design software;
and S5, carrying out deformation compensation processing on the curved surface data of the theoretical mold surface with the surface defect area in computer aided design software according to the adjustment magnitude cloud chart obtained in the step S4, so that the light shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface digital-analog deviates from the theoretical position, changes towards the direction opposite to the change trend of the light shadow stripe of the vehicle body back door outer panel point cloud data, the change magnitude is the adjustment increment in the adjustment magnitude cloud chart so as to realize the deformation compensation on the mold surface, and the adjusted theoretical mold surface data light shadow stripe is shown in fig. 8, thereby obtaining a vehicle body back door outer panel surface defect compensation model which is used for carrying out the vehicle body back door outer panel surface defect compensation in the actual manufacturing of the mold surface.
Example 2.
Taking a side wall outer plate of a vehicle body as an example, the invention provides a method for compensating the surface defect of the vehicle body by adopting a base Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology, which comprises the following specific implementation processes:
step S1, scanning an outer surface area of a side wall outer plate of a vehicle body by adopting an ATOS blue light scanner, acquiring stl-format side wall outer plate point cloud data, and importing the side wall outer plate point cloud data and curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface into computer aided design software CATIA;
step S2, under the same observation angle, respectively calculating a curved surface data shadow stripe of a theoretical mold surface and a curved surface data shadow stripe of a vehicle body side outer plate point cloud data shadow stripe by using a shadow tool, identifying areas where the characteristics of the vehicle body side outer plate point cloud data shadow stripe are inconsistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface as shown in FIG. 9, and defining the areas as surface defect areas because the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface is distorted compared with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface by the light shadow stripe of the point cloud data in the circle-showing area of a rear wind window triangle;
step S3, positively adjusting the point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer plate of the side wall of the vehicle body, so that the adjusted point cloud data shadow stripe is basically consistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface, as shown in FIG. 10;
s4, comparing the cloud data light and shadow stripes of the outer panel points of the side wall of the vehicle body before and after adjustment, and acquiring an adjustment value cloud image by using a vector analysis tool, as shown in FIG. 11; the vector analysis tool is a tool which is self-contained in computer aided design software;
and S5, carrying out deformation compensation processing on the curved surface data of the theoretical mold profile with the surface defect area in computer aided design software according to the adjustment magnitude cloud chart obtained in the step S4, so that the light shadow stripe of the digital model of the theoretical mold profile deviates from the theoretical position and changes towards the direction opposite to the change trend of the light shadow stripe of the cloud data of the outer panel point of the side wall of the automobile body, wherein the change magnitude is the adjustment increment in the adjustment magnitude cloud chart so as to realize the deformation compensation on the mold profile, and the adjusted light shadow stripe of the data of the theoretical mold profile is shown in fig. 12, thereby obtaining an automobile body side wall outer panel surface defect compensation model which is used for carrying out the surface defect compensation on the side wall outer panel of the automobile body in the actual manufacturing of the mold profile.
Claims (10)
1. The method for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model by using the base Yu Dianyun shadow analysis technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, importing point cloud data of an outer covering part of a vehicle body and curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface into computer aided design software;
s2, respectively calculating point cloud data shadow stripes of the automobile body outer covering part and curved surface data shadow stripes of a theoretical mold surface by utilizing a shadow analysis tool, identifying areas different from each other, and defining the areas as surface defect areas;
s3, positively adjusting the point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body, so that the adjusted point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body is consistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface;
s4, comparing point cloud data of the outer covering parts of the automobile body before and after forward adjustment to obtain an adjustment magnitude cloud chart, wherein the adjustment magnitude cloud chart displays adjustment increment;
s5, according to the magnitude-adjusted cloud chart, performing deformation compensation processing on curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface with a surface defect area in computer aided design software to obtain the vehicle body surface defect compensation model.
2. The method for obtaining a model for compensating for a surface defect of a vehicle body according to claim 1, wherein the outer cover of the vehicle body is a part capable of showing a model of the appearance of the vehicle body, and is any one of an outer panel of an engine hood, a fender, an outer panel of a door, an outer panel of a side wall, an outer panel of a trunk, an outer panel of a back door, and an outer panel of a roof.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the computer aided design software comprises any software program having a shadow analysis function and a surface deformation function.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the body outer panel point cloud data comprises data acquired via any digital analysis and detection technique for the surface of the body outer panel.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the vehicle body exterior cover point cloud data comprises rebounded vehicle body exterior cover grid data obtained by finite element simulation software.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the vehicle exterior cover point cloud data comprises vehicle exterior cover exterior surface scan data acquired by an optical detection device.
7. The method for obtaining a model for compensating for a surface defect of a vehicle body by using a basic Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the cloud data of points of the outer panel of the vehicle body before and after forward adjustment are compared to obtain a cloud map of adjustment values; implemented using a vector difference analysis tool.
8. The method for obtaining a model for compensating for a surface defect of a vehicle body according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the direction of compensation is a direction opposite to the direction of change of the light shading stripe of the point cloud data of the outer panel of the vehicle body, and the magnitude of compensation is an adjustment increment in the cloud map of the adjustment magnitude.
9. The system for acquiring the vehicle body surface defect compensation model by using the base Yu Dianyun shadow analysis technology is characterized by comprising the following modules:
and a data importing module: importing point cloud data of the outer covering part of the automobile body and curved surface data of a theoretical mold surface;
defect definition module: calculating point cloud data shadow stripes of the outer covering piece of the automobile body and curved surface data shadow stripes of the theoretical mold surface, identifying areas different from each other, and defining the areas as surface defect areas;
defect adjustment module: positively adjusting the point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body to ensure that the adjusted point cloud data shadow stripe of the outer covering part of the automobile body is consistent with the curved surface data shadow stripe of the theoretical mold surface;
cloud image display module: comparing the point cloud data of the outer covering parts of the vehicle body before and after forward adjustment to obtain an adjustment magnitude cloud chart, wherein the adjustment magnitude cloud chart displays adjustment increment;
and the compensation processing module is used for: and according to the magnitude-adjusting cloud chart, carrying out deformation compensation processing on the curved surface data of the theoretical mold surface with the surface defect area in computer aided design software to obtain a vehicle body surface defect compensation model.
10. A vehicle body surface defect compensating model acquisition device based on Yu Dianyun light and shadow analysis technology, characterized in that the device comprises a microprocessor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the microprocessor runs the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is performed.
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| CN117308790A (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-29 | 泊头市兴达汽车模具制造有限公司 | Detection method for improving precision and reducing correction rounds, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN117308790A (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-29 | 泊头市兴达汽车模具制造有限公司 | Detection method for improving precision and reducing correction rounds, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117308790B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-03-12 | 泊头市兴达汽车模具制造有限公司 | Detection method for improving precision and reducing correction rounds, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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