CN116399487A - On-vehicle sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load measurement - Google Patents
On-vehicle sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load measurement Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
- B60W40/12—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to parameters of the vehicle itself, e.g. tyre models
- B60W40/13—Load or weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/225—Measuring circuits therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to a signal processing circuit of a vehicle-mounted sensor for measuring dynamic wheel load, which comprises an amplifying circuit, a follower circuit and an ADC chip which are sequentially connected, wherein the vehicle-mounted sensor outputs a pair of differential signals, the output of the vehicle-mounted sensor is connected with the amplifying circuit, the output of the ADC chip is connected with a vehicle processor, and the amplifying circuit uses two-channel instrument amplifiers. Compared with the prior art, the invention designs a set of sensor signal preprocessing circuit for controlling the vehicle chassis, thereby ensuring the reliability and accuracy of data, having stronger universality and providing reference for signal processing of other vehicle-mounted sensors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the automotive electronics technology, in particular to a signal processing circuit of an on-board sensor for dynamic wheel load measurement.
Background
The requirements of the intelligent new energy automobiles on environment sensing and active control technology under the trend of 'new four-up' are rapidly increasing, and the intelligent new energy automobiles are not only the requirements of active suspension control, torque vector control and other vehicle dynamics control, but also the requirements of automatic driving. As a direct actuating mechanism of the intelligent driving system, the intelligent chassis is not only a software and hardware basis for automatic driving, but also determines the safety, operability and comfort of the intelligent electric automobile. In the face of the existing lacking intelligent chassis technology, the Chinese automobile engineering society provides an intelligent chassis technology roadmap frame in 2021, and clearly provides that chassis domain control, x, y and z three-way control, active suspension, wire control braking and the like are required to be greatly developed, so that the sensing and control capability of the chassis is improved.
With such trends, particularly for intelligent chassis systems, with more sensors, achieving more reliable data perception would be a cornerstone of all vehicle-mounted intelligence. Patent application CN 2022103883415 discloses a vehicle dynamic wheel load measuring and driving safety auxiliary system, which calculates the dynamic wheel load of the vehicle in real time by collecting data of a suspension geometrical deformation sensor, a steering wheel angle sensor and the like. As the variety and number of sensors increases, and particularly as more advanced sensors are used, the signal requirements will be higher and higher. In this connection, with more electromagnetic interference of the electric drive system, analog signals, in particular analog signals with a small voltage variation range, are severely affected if not processed during transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a signal processing circuit of an on-board sensor for dynamic wheel load measurement.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the signal processing circuit of the vehicle-mounted sensor for measuring the dynamic wheel load comprises an amplifying circuit, a follower circuit and an ADC chip which are sequentially connected, wherein the vehicle-mounted sensor outputs a pair of differential signals, the output of the vehicle-mounted sensor is connected with the amplifying circuit, the output of the ADC chip is connected with a whole vehicle processor, and the amplifying circuit uses two-channel instrument amplifiers.
Further, the number of the vehicle-mounted sensors is 2, the AD type amplifier chip is used for the instrument amplifier, the AD type amplifier chip is a dual-channel instrument amplifier, and the gain is set through an external resistor.
Further, in the AD type amplifier chip, the gain G and the external resistor R G The calculated relationship of (2) is as follows:
the calculated relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage, the reference voltage and the amplifier gain is as follows:
V out ＝G×(V IN+ +V IN- )+V REF
wherein V is out To output voltage V IN+ 、V IN- Is the positive and negative two-way input of differential signals, V REF Is the reference voltage.
Further, a reference voltage is generated using a reference voltage generating chip.
Further, a DT13-10-PA type plate end plug is selected as the plate end plug of the AD type amplifier chip and the reference voltage generating chip.
Further, the capacitor is used for filtering a chip power supply, and the analog signal ground AGND is isolated from the common ground GND by magnetic beads.
Further, two in-vehicle sensors are wired using separate two layers.
Further, a wire with a shielding layer is adopted between the vehicle-mounted sensor and the signal processing circuit.
Further, the follower circuit includes a series resistor and a voltage follower.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention designs a set of sensor signal preprocessing circuit for controlling the vehicle chassis, amplifies differential signals of the vehicle-mounted sensor by using the (instrument) amplifier, and ensures the reliability and accuracy of data by using the voltage follower in the controller part, and meanwhile, the sensor signal preprocessing circuit has stronger universality and can provide reference for signal processing of other vehicle-mounted sensors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of a signal processing circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrical architecture of a pushrod pull pressure sensor and a signal processing circuit;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an AD8426 amplifier chip;
FIG. 4 is a diamond map of the instrumentation amplifier;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a DT13-10-PA type board terminal plug and an amplifying circuit;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit board design and a complete system.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, and obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, but not all the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. in the description and claims of the invention and in the above figures are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those conventionally put in place when the product of the application is used, or those conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The signal processing circuit of the vehicle-mounted sensor for measuring the dynamic wheel load comprises an amplifying circuit, a follower circuit and an ADC chip which are sequentially connected, wherein the ADC chip is fully named Analog-to-Digital Converter (Analog-digital converter), the vehicle-mounted sensor outputs a pair of differential signals, the output of the vehicle-mounted sensor is connected with the amplifying circuit, the output of the ADC chip is connected with a whole vehicle processor, and the amplifying circuit uses two-channel instrument amplifiers. In addition, the output of the vehicle-mounted sensor is also connected with a follower circuit, as shown in fig. 1, and in actual application, whether the analog signal of the vehicle-mounted sensor has larger distortion is judged, if the analog signal of the vehicle-mounted sensor has larger distortion, the analog signal of the vehicle-mounted sensor is firstly sent into an amplifying circuit and then sequentially passes through the follower circuit and an ADC chip, and if the analog signal of the vehicle-mounted sensor does not have larger distortion, the analog signal of the vehicle-mounted sensor can be sent into the follower circuit and then passes through the ADC chip. In practical application, the method for judging whether the signal is distorted is quite many, and the degree of the electromagnetic interference of the environment where the method is used can be measured according to the related experience of the EMI (electromagnetic interference) prevention and control and by using related instruments, and if the method does not have the measurement condition, the sensor data can be observed and checked.
It can be appreciated that the purpose of the invention is to design a preprocessing circuit of a set of vehicle-mounted analog signal sensors, and ensure the data precision of the related sensors in the actual use environment with stronger interference. The design is initially designed to enable the relevant sensors of the dynamic wheel load measuring system to work well. However, the invention is also universal because of the common signals, and can be used for various application scenes involving analog signals.
Based on the requirement of realizing dynamic wheel load measurement, the data preprocessing circuit is mainly oriented to a resistance strain type suspension push rod tension pressure sensor outputting differential signals. The electrical architecture based on this sensor is shown in fig. 2, where the sensor signal of the push rod pull pressure sensor is sent to the sensor preprocessing circuit (signal processing circuit), the converted signal is sent to the whole vehicle processor (processor circuit board, also known as ECU or domain controller), the whole vehicle processor is all the vehicles with the circuit board with the processor, the PC calculation force or the embedded calculation force is on the performance, the whole vehicle processor supplies power to the sensor preprocessing circuit, the power supply supplies power to the sensor through the sensor preprocessing circuit, and the ground connection of the sensor and the sensor preprocessing circuit is not described here one by one, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Because the front suspension has two push rod pull pressure sensors, namely the number of the vehicle-mounted sensors is 2, for arrangement convenience, the instrument amplifier with two channels is planned to be used, and compared, the instrument amplifier uses an AD (analog-to-digital) amplifier chip, and the model is AD8426, and the front suspension has the characteristics of small volume, reliable performance, wide power supply range, large amplification factor, simple structure, low cost and the like. Of course, it can be understood that in other embodiments, according to the number of the vehicle-mounted sensors in the application scenario, a plurality of single-channel instrumentation amplifiers, or other design schemes, may be used to implement the processing of the corresponding number of sensor signals, which is not described herein in detail.
Internal junction of AD8426 chipAs shown in FIG. 3, as a dual-channel structure, pin1, pin4, pin9, pin12 are differential signal input pins, pin2 and Pin3 between Pin1, pin4 are R G Pin, pin10 and Pin11 between Pin9 and Pin12 are R G Pins, through R G 1，R G The amplification factor (Gain) of two channels can be controlled by connecting resistors with different resistance values between the pins 2, pin11 and Pin14 are pins OUT1 and OUT2, the pins are output ends of the two channels respectively, pin6 and Pin7 are pins REF1 and REF2, the pins are reference voltages of the two channels respectively, pin5, pin8, pin13 and Pin16 are pins +Vs and-Vs, positive and negative power supply of the chip is respectively carried OUT, and the-Vs is generally grounded under the condition that no negative voltage source exists. AD8426 adopts the encapsulation form of LFCP, and for PCB design, the wiring is short, and the via hole is few, and its bottom does not have naked metal pad yet, and the welding is more convenient.
And (3) determining various parameters of the amplifier: for most microprocessors, the voltage of the ADC (digital to analog conversion) part is 3.3V, the accuracy of the sensor is 1mV/V (from sensor parameters), the power supply of the sensor is 5V, and the voltage range of the output differential signal is as follows:
2.5V±5V×1mV＝2.5V±5mV
as an instrumentation amplifier, there is a relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage, the reference voltage, and the amplifier gain as follows:
V out ＝G×(V IN+ +V IN- )+V REF (1)
V REF the levels are input for the 6, 7 pins of the chip in fig. 3.
For gain G, there is the following calculation formula:
R G the resistances between pins 2 and 3 and pins 10 and 11 in fig. 2.
As can be seen from equation (1), the instrumentation amplifier converts a pair of differential signals into an analog signal for output, and the value of the analog signal is closely related to the reference voltage, so that a relatively stable reference voltage needs to be ensured. Therefore, the resistor is not allowed to be simply used for dividing the power supply, a special reference voltage generating chip is needed to generate the reference voltage, the reference voltage is preferably about 1.65V (3.3V/2), the structure is expected to be as simple as possible, and the chip can normally work under 5V power supply. In the embodiment, a chip with the model number of LT6656BIS6-2.048 is finally selected, and the reference voltage is 2.048V, so that various requirements can be met.
According to the formula (1), the formula (2), taking the amplification factor G as 200 and the resistance R into consideration that the input requirement of an ADC chip is met while using the common resistance value as much as possible G 250 ohms. The output voltage is at this time 1.06 to 3.04V.
The above values are input into the diamond chart of the instrument amplifier, as shown in fig. 4, the left side of the chart is the setting of the amplifier parameters, which is determined by the controller voltage, the sensor parameters, the reference voltage chip parameters and the like, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, the black thick solid line (actually flat rectangle) in the middle of the right chart is the voltage range of the actual working of the amplifier, the white part enclosed in the background is the working range of the amplifier, and the gray part is the unavailable working range. If the flat rectangle is all in the white background, the actual working of the amplifier is within the usable range, otherwise, the right-hand parameter needs to be changed or other types of amplifiers need to be replaced. According to the diamond map result, the amplifier can work normally and the parameter setting of the amplifier is completed.
With respect to PCB connector selection, in combination with the sensor-based electrical architecture diagram, a 10 pin gauge board end plug is required. In this embodiment, the product selects a DT13-10-PA type board terminal plug, and the designed circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 5: in two pairs of R according to the parameter configuration of the instrumentation amplifier G The 250 omega capacitors are arranged between the pins, 0.1nF capacitors are used for filtering between all power supply and the ground, the ground is divided into power Ground (GND) and Analog Ground (AGND) for guaranteeing the stability of zero potential, the power Ground (GND) and the Analog Ground (AGND) are connected through magnetic beads, and the analog signal output end is connected with 100 omega resistors for guaranteeing the stability of signals. IC1 in the circuit is a reference voltage chip, and can provide stable reference voltages for REF1 and REF2 pins of the AD8426 chip.
Finally, the schematic diagram of the designed circuit board and the whole system is shown in fig. 6, wherein the rightmost side of the diagram is a sensor wiring diagram, and the sensor wiring diagram comprises positive and negative inputs of differential signals, power supply and grounding. The middle frame is internally provided with an amplifier circuit board which comprises an amplifier chip, a reference voltage chip, related resistance and capacitance and the like. On the left side is a vehicle processor, which may be an ECU or a domain processor, etc., in which the voltage follower is included in its digital-to-analog conversion section. The sensor, the amplifier circuit board, with vehicle processor with pencil connection. In a physical structure, a 4-layer structure can be designed, and for two pairs of differential signals, two independent layers are adopted for carrying out differential pair wiring, and isolation is carried out around the two layers. The first layer is a DT13-10-PA type board end plug, an amplifying circuit, a follower circuit and an ADC chip, the second layer is used for wiring of two pairs of differential signals respectively, and the fourth layer is used for arranging a resistor and a filter capacitor.
A wire with a shielding layer is adopted between the vehicle-mounted sensor and the signal processing circuit, so that electromagnetic interference is isolated, and the wire is as short as possible. Between the circuit board and the vehicle processor, wires as thick as possible are used to reduce the impedance.
The analog signal output from the amplifying circuit can be input into the ADC chip or the singlechip pin only by a certain process. The follower circuit comprises a series resistor and a voltage follower, and prevents the ADC voltage from abnormal pulsation or abnormal current inrush from burning out the ADC chip.
Furthermore, it CAN be appreciated that the present invention is a further research improvement on the data processing subsystem mentioned in patent application CN 2022103883415, which calculates the dynamic wheel load suffered by the vehicle in real time by collecting the data of the sensors such as the suspension geometry deformation sensor, the steering wheel angle sensor, etc., and other processors of the data collecting subsystem CAN use other modes for preprocessing, for example, for a sensor system outputting IIC or USART (serial port) signals, such as a wheel jump acceleration sensor, converting it into a CAN signal by adopting a Microprocessor (MCU) and transmitting it in the whole vehicle CAN bus; the sensor signal to be filtered is filtered, and the sensor outputting small analog signals CAN be amplified and processed by using the signal processing circuit designed by the invention, and finally CAN signals are output.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The signal processing circuit of the vehicle-mounted sensor for measuring the dynamic wheel load is characterized by comprising an amplifying circuit, a follower circuit and an ADC chip which are sequentially connected, wherein the vehicle-mounted sensor outputs a pair of differential signals, the output of the vehicle-mounted sensor is connected with the amplifying circuit, the output of the ADC chip is connected with a whole vehicle processor, and the amplifying circuit uses two-channel instrument amplifiers.
2. The signal processing circuit for a vehicle-mounted sensor for dynamic wheel load measurement according to claim 1, wherein the number of the vehicle-mounted sensors is 2, the instrumentation amplifier uses an AD type amplifier chip, the AD type amplifier chip is a dual-channel instrumentation amplifier, and a gain is set by an external resistor.
3. The signal processing circuit for a vehicle sensor for dynamic wheel load measurement according to claim 2, wherein in the AD type amplifier chip, the gain G and the external resistor R G The calculated relationship of (2) is as follows:
the calculated relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage, the reference voltage and the amplifier gain is as follows:
V out ＝G×(V IN+ +V IN- )+V REF
wherein V is out To output voltage V IN+ 、V IN- Is the positive and negative two-way input of differential signals, V REF Is the reference voltage.
4. An on-board sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load measurement according to claim 3, wherein the reference voltage is generated using a reference voltage generating chip.
5. The signal processing circuit for the vehicle-mounted sensor for dynamic wheel load measurement according to claim 4, wherein a DT13-10-PA type plate terminal plug is selected as the plate terminal plugs of the AD type amplifier chip and the reference voltage generating chip.
6. The signal processing circuit of the vehicle-mounted sensor for dynamic wheel load measurement according to claim 5, wherein the capacitor is used as a filter of a chip power supply, and magnetic beads are used for isolation between an analog signal ground AGND and a common ground GND.
7. An in-vehicle sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load determination as defined in claim 5, wherein two in-vehicle sensors are wired in separate two layers.
8. An on-board sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load measurement according to claim 1, wherein a shielded wire is used between the on-board sensor and the signal processing circuit.
9. An on-board sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load determination according to claim 1, wherein the follower circuit comprises a series resistor and a voltage follower.
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| CN202310270487.4A CN116399487A (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | On-vehicle sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load measurement |
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| CN202310270487.4A CN116399487A (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | On-vehicle sensor signal processing circuit for dynamic wheel load measurement |
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