CN116398551A - Wet-type multi-disc clutch capable of reducing radial temperature gradient of friction element - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wet multi-plate clutch for reducing radial temperature gradient of a friction element, which comprises a cylinder sleeve, wherein a piston, the friction element, a pressing plate and a clamp spring are sequentially arranged in a groove of the cylinder sleeve, the friction element comprises a plurality of dual steel sheets and a plurality of friction sheets, the dual steel sheets and the friction sheets are alternately arranged, a spline of the dual steel sheets is connected with the cylinder sleeve to form a driven end, internal teeth of the friction sheets are meshed with a driving shaft to transmit power, one surface of the pressing plate, which is far away from the friction element, is provided with a circle of boss, and the boss and the outer edge of the pressing plate form a circle of ladder for placing the clamp spring. According to the utility model, the boss is additionally arranged on the basis of the original pressing plate, so that the contact pressure at the inner diameter of the friction pair is improved, and the contact pressure distribution difference of the friction pair is reduced, thereby reducing the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch.

Description

Wet-type multi-disc clutch capable of reducing radial temperature gradient of friction element

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of clutch structural design, in particular to a wet multi-plate clutch capable of reducing radial temperature gradient of a friction element.

Background

The wet friction pair is widely applied to transmission components such as wet clutches, wet brakes, hydraulic viscosity speed regulating clutches and the like, belongs to one of the most core components in the comprehensive transmission device, and the performance of the wet friction pair directly influences the transmission efficiency and the working reliability of the transmission device. The comprehensive transmission device determines the maneuvering performance of the whole vehicle, particularly in the field of heavy-duty military vehicles, very high requirements are put on the reliability and durability of the comprehensive transmission device, and reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element of the clutch is a key method for prolonging the service life of the clutch, and the prior art scheme comprises the following steps:

1. the clutch friction plate is manufactured by adopting a novel material so as to improve friction efficiency and heat dissipation efficiency. For example, friction plates made of nanocomposite materials, carbon fiber materials, etc., can improve wear resistance and heat dissipation performance of the clutch.

2. A transmission cooling system is employed to reduce clutch temperature. The cooler and the water pump are additionally arranged in the transmission, so that the cooling liquid is circulated and reciprocated to reduce the temperature of the clutch. This method has been widely used in practical production.

3. A novel clutch design is employed. For example, with a dual clutch design, a continuously variable transmission and a fast shift can be achieved, thereby reducing the time of use and thermal load of the clutches.

4. The clutch is additionally provided with a radiator. By additionally arranging the radiator on the clutch, the radiating area can be increased, and the radiating efficiency of the clutch can be improved.

Currently, there are many documents and patent documents describing the related art. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN204558397U discloses a cooling system for an automobile clutch, in which a cooler and a water pump are additionally installed in a transmission to circulate a cooling fluid to reduce a clutch temperature. The Chinese patent publication No. CN201755180U discloses a clutch with a radiator, which increases the radiating area and improves the radiating efficiency of the clutch by additionally arranging the radiator on the clutch.

The main advantages of the technical schemes are that the temperature of the clutch can be effectively reduced, and the service life and stability of the clutch are improved. However, these solutions have drawbacks, such as the high manufacturing costs of the new materials, and the need for further cost reduction; transmission cooling systems require increased equipment costs and maintenance costs; the new clutch design requires redesigning and manufacturing the clutch at a higher cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost of novel materials, increased equipment cost and maintenance cost and redesigned and manufactured clutch in the technical scheme for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element of the clutch in the prior art, the utility model provides a wet multi-plate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

the wet multi-plate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element comprises a cylinder sleeve, wherein a piston, the friction element, a pressing plate and a clamp spring are sequentially arranged in a groove of the cylinder sleeve.

In the wet multiplate clutch for reducing radial temperature gradient of friction element according to the above aspect, in one embodiment, the cross section of the boss is rectangular.

In one embodiment of the wet multiplate clutch with reduced friction element radial temperature gradients according to the above aspects, the inner edges of the bosses are flush with the inner edges of the pressure plates.

Further, the outer diameter of the pressing plate is 250mm, the inner diameter of the pressing plate is 170mm, and the thickness of the pressing plate is 10mm; the boss has an outer diameter of 228mm, an inner diameter of 170mm and a thickness of 10mm.

In another embodiment of the wet multi-plate clutch for reducing radial temperature gradient of friction element according to the above aspect, the outer diameter of the pressing plate is 250mm, the inner diameter is 170mm, and the thickness is 10mm; the boss has an outer diameter of 224mm, an inner diameter of 176mm and a thickness of 7mm.

Further, a circle of grooves with rectangular cross sections are formed in the inner edge of one face, close to the pressing plate, of the boss.

Further, the diameter of the groove is 184.6mm, and the thickness is 4.6mm.

According to the wet-type multi-plate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element, in one embodiment, the surface of the piston, which is far away from the friction element, is a plane, the surface of the piston, which is near to the friction element, is provided with a taper, and the thickness of the piston is gradually reduced from inside to outside.

Further, the outer diameter of the piston is 250mm, the inner diameter is 170mm, the thickness of the outer edge of the piston is 10mm, and the thickness of the inner edge of the piston is 14mm.

According to the wet multi-plate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element, in one embodiment, the friction element comprises a plurality of dual steel plates and a plurality of friction plates, the dual steel plates and the friction plates are alternately arranged, the spline of the dual steel plates is connected with the cylinder sleeve to form a driven end, and the internal teeth of the friction plates are meshed with the driving shaft to transmit power.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. in a limited space, the utility model does not need to change the main structure of the wet multi-plate clutch, and the aim of reducing the radial temperature difference of the friction element is realized by changing the independent element, so that the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch is reduced with minimum cost;

2. the pressing plate is separated from the dual steel sheets, the spline of the pressing plate is removed, the weight is reduced, a boss is additionally arranged on the basis of the original pressing plate, the equivalent rigidity of the inner diameter of the wet multi-plate clutch is improved due to the existence of the boss, the contact pressure of the inner diameter of the friction pair is improved under the same piston pressure, and the contact pressure distribution difference of the friction pair is reduced, so that the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch is reduced, and meanwhile, the pressing plate can be designed by adopting different materials;

3. the boss structure of the pressing plate is explored through a structure optimization method, so that balance between mass minimization and heat load reduction maximization is realized;

4. the piston is designed into a structure with taper, and the contact pressure between the friction pair can be optimized by changing the taper of the piston, so that the heat load of the clutch is reduced;

5. by the combined action of the pressing plate and the piston, the deformation amount of the friction element of the wet multi-plate clutch can be reduced, and the clutch temperature field is further reduced, so that the performance of the wet multi-plate clutch is improved, and the service life of the wet multi-plate clutch is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the structure of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a platen in accordance with example 1 of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a piston in example 1 of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of the left side of the pressing plate and a snap spring obtained by a topology optimization method in embodiment 2;

FIG. 7 is a left side partial schematic view of a platen obtained by a topology optimization method of example 2;

FIG. 8 is a top view of a platen in example 2 of the present utility model;

fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of fig. 8.

In the drawing of the figure,

1. cylinder sleeve; 2. a piston; 3. a pressing plate; 301. a boss; 302. a step; 303. a groove; 4. clamping springs; 5. dual steel sheets; 6. friction plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, it is stated that the embodiments described below are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

It should be noted that, the terms "disposed," "connected," and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The direction orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which is commonly put when the product of the application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship which is commonly understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship which is commonly put when the product of the application is used, only for convenience of description of the application and simplification of description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element to be referred must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application. The meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a wet multi-plate clutch for reducing radial temperature gradient of a friction element, which includes a cylinder sleeve 1, wherein a piston 2, a friction element, a pressing plate 3 and a clamp spring 4 are sequentially disposed in a groove of the cylinder sleeve 1, the friction element includes a plurality of dual steel plates 5 and a plurality of friction plates 6, the dual steel plates 5 and the friction plates 6 are alternately disposed with each other, a spline of the dual steel plates 5 is connected with the cylinder sleeve 1 to form a driven end, and internal teeth of the friction plates 6 are engaged with a driving shaft to transmit power. In the actual working process of the wet multi-disc clutch, the piston 2 axially moves under the action of hydraulic pressure, the clamp spring 4 in the groove of the cylinder sleeve 1 limits the axial movement of the friction elements, the clearance between the friction elements is eliminated, sliding friction is generated, and finally the speed difference between the dual steel sheets 5 and the friction sheets 6 is zero to finish the combination.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to reduce the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch, the pressing plate 3 of the embodiment of the utility model cancels the traditional spline structure, reduces the mass of the clutch, and then a circle of boss 301 with rectangular cross section is arranged on one surface of the pressing plate 3 far away from the dual steel plate 5, and the boss 301 and the outer edge of the pressing plate 3 form a circle of steps 302 for placing the clamp spring 4. When the wet multi-plate clutch works, the existence of the boss 301 improves the equivalent rigidity of the inner diameter of the wet multi-plate clutch, and under the same piston pressure, the contact pressure of the inner diameter of the friction pair is improved, and the contact pressure distribution difference of the friction pair is reduced, so that the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch is reduced.

Preferably, the inner edge of the boss 301 is flush with the inner edge of the pressing plate 3, the outer diameter of the pressing plate 3 is 250mm, the inner diameter is 170mm, and the thickness is 10mm; the boss 301 has an outer diameter of 228mm, an inner diameter of 170mm and a thickness of 10mm. The arrangement of the pressing plate 3 and the boss 301 can improve and reduce the equivalent rigidity of the inner diameter of the wet multi-plate clutch to the greatest extent, improve the contact pressure of the inner diameter of the friction pair and reduce the contact pressure distribution difference of the friction pair, thereby reducing the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch to the greatest extent; meanwhile, the processing is simple, and the production and the manufacturing are convenient.

Due to the constraint effect of the clamp spring 4, the contact pressure distribution of the friction pair among the wet multi-plate clutches is uneven, and the contact pressure distribution is represented by small inner diameter pressure and large outer diameter pressure. In order to improve the variability of the contact stress distribution, the present utility model changes the pressure acting between the friction elements by changing the taper of the piston 2. Specifically, the surface of the piston 2 far away from the friction element is a plane, the surface of the piston 2 close to the friction element is tapered, the thickness of the piston 2 gradually becomes thinner from inside to outside, and a piston structure design with high inner diameter and low outer diameter is adopted, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, so that the surface of the piston 2 with the taper is contacted with the friction element. Therefore, when the piston 2 is hydraulically pushed to join the friction elements, the pressure applied to the inner diameter increases, thereby canceling out the influence of the uneven distribution of the contact pressure caused by the clip spring 4. At the same time, the distribution of the pressure acting on the friction element can be changed by changing the taper of the piston 2 so as to be suitable for each working condition. The arrangement of the piston 2 can offset the influence of uneven contact pressure distribution caused by the clamp spring 4, thereby improving the performance and service life of the wet multi-plate clutch.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the piston 2 is 250mm, the inner diameter is 170mm, the thickness of the outer edge of the piston 2 is 10mm, and the thickness of the inner edge of the piston 2 is 14mm. The arrangement of the piston 2 can offset the influence of uneven contact pressure distribution caused by the clamp spring 4 to the greatest extent, thereby improving and reducing the performance and the service life of the wet multi-plate clutch.

In summary, in the wet multi-plate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element provided by the embodiment of the utility model, in a limited space (the inner space of the groove of the cylinder sleeve 1), the main body structure of the wet multi-plate clutch is not required to be changed, and the aim of reducing the radial temperature difference of the friction element is realized only by changing a single element, so that the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch is reduced with minimum cost; the pressing plate 3 is separated from the dual steel sheet 5, the spline of the pressing plate 3 is removed, the weight is reduced, a boss 301 is additionally arranged on the basis of the original pressing plate 3, the equivalent rigidity of the inner diameter of the wet multi-plate clutch is improved due to the existence of the boss 301, the contact pressure of the inner diameter of the friction pair is improved under the same pressure of the piston 2, the contact pressure distribution difference of the friction pair is reduced, the heat load of the wet multi-plate clutch is reduced, and meanwhile, the pressing plate 3 can be designed by adopting different materials; the piston 2 is designed into a structure with taper, and the contact pressure between friction pairs can be optimized by changing the taper of the piston 2, so that the heat load of the clutch is reduced; by the combined action of the pressing plate 3 and the piston 2, the deformation amount of the friction element of the wet multi-plate clutch can be reduced, and the clutch temperature field can be further reduced, so that the performance of the wet multi-plate clutch is improved, and the service life of the wet multi-plate clutch is prolonged.

Example 2

The wet multiplate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element provided in this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in the structural design of the pressure plate 3. Since the platen 3 with the boss 301 in example 1 does not meet the trend of lightweight design due to the increased mass, in order to explore the optimal boss structure, the platen 3 with the boss 301 shown in fig. 6 and 7 was obtained by the topology optimization method. In the figure, the position of the broken line is 95mm from the axis, the platen 3 with boss 301 also eliminates the conventional spline structure, and the shape is determined by 5 variables X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5, the values of which are described in detail in table 1 below.

Table 1: dimensional parameters of platen boss

The design objective of the embodiment of the utility model is to realize the performance improvement and the heat load reduction of the wet multi-plate clutch on the premise of minimizing the mass and the maximum heat stress. In order to achieve the aim, the utility model adopts the technical means of response surface method and multi-objective design optimization. Fig. 8 and 9 show an optimized platen 3 with a boss 301 designed by the above technical means. The outer diameter of the pressing plate 3 with the boss 301 is 250mm, the inner diameter is 170mm, and the thickness is 10mm; the boss 301 has an outer diameter of 224mm, an inner diameter of 176mm and a thickness of 7mm. Wherein, a circle of grooves 303 with rectangular cross sections are arranged on the inner edge of one face of the boss 301 close to the pressing plate 3, the diameter of the grooves 303 is 184.6mm, and the thickness of the grooves 303 is 4.6mm.

In the design process of the optimized pressing plate 3 with the boss 301, 5 variables X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5 shown in table 1 are considered, and through the optimization design of these variables, the embodiment of the utility model realizes the dual optimization of the performance and the thermal load of the wet multi-plate clutch, and provides an effective technical means for improving the performance and prolonging the service life of the wet multi-plate clutch.

In summary, the embodiment of the utility model obtains the optimized pressing plate 3 with the boss 301 in fig. 8 and 9 through the technical means of response surface method and multi-objective design optimization, and realizes improvement of clutch performance and reduction of thermal load under the conditions of mass minimization and maximum thermal stress minimization.

It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.

While the utility model has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the implementation of the utility model is not limited by the above manner, and it is within the scope of the utility model to apply the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations as long as various improvements made by the inventive concept and technical solution are adopted, or without any improvement.

Claims (10)

1. The wet multi-plate clutch for reducing the radial temperature gradient of the friction element comprises a cylinder sleeve, wherein a piston, the friction element, a pressing plate and a clamp spring are sequentially arranged in a groove of the cylinder sleeve.

2. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 1, wherein said lands are rectangular in cross-section.

3. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 1, wherein said boss inner edges are flush with said platen inner edges.

4. A wet multiplate clutch for reducing radial temperature gradients of friction elements as set forth in claim 3, wherein said pressure plate has an outer diameter of 250mm, an inner diameter of 170mm and a thickness of 10mm; the boss has an outer diameter of 228mm, an inner diameter of 170mm and a thickness of 10mm.

5. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 1, wherein said pressure plate has an outer diameter of 250mm, an inner diameter of 170mm and a thickness of 10mm; the boss has an outer diameter of 224mm, an inner diameter of 176mm and a thickness of 7mm.

6. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 5, wherein said boss is provided with a ring of grooves of rectangular cross section adjacent an inner edge of one face of said pressure plate.

7. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 6, wherein said grooves have a diameter of 184.6mm and a thickness of 4.6mm.

8. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 1, wherein said piston is planar on a side facing away from said friction element, said piston has a taper on a side facing toward said friction element, and said piston has a thickness that tapers from inside to outside.

9. The wet multiplate clutch of claim 8, wherein said piston has an outer diameter of 250mm and an inner diameter of 170mm, an outer edge of said piston has a thickness of 10mm, and an inner edge of said piston has a thickness of 14mm.

10. The wet type multi-plate clutch for reducing radial temperature gradient of friction element according to claim 1, wherein the friction element comprises a plurality of dual steel plates and a plurality of friction plates, the dual steel plates and the friction plates are alternately arranged, the spline of the dual steel plates is connected with the cylinder sleeve to form a driven end, and the internal teeth of the friction plates are meshed with the driving shaft to transmit power.

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