CN116397249B - Diffusion layer, electrolytic cell and processing method - Google Patents
Diffusion layer, electrolytic cell and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 228
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of water electrolysis, in particular to a diffusion layer, an electrolytic cell and a processing method, wherein the diffusion layer comprises a metal particle layer and a metal felt layer, and the metal particle layer is connected to one side of the metal felt layer facing a membrane electrode; the metal particle layer comprises a plurality of metal particles, the metal particle layer is provided with a first area and a second area which are oppositely arranged along the direction of electrolyte transmission, the metal particles in the first area are first metal particles, the metal particles in the second area are second metal particles, a first gap is formed between every two adjacent first metal particles, a second gap is formed between every two adjacent second metal particles, and the second gap is larger than the first gap. The second gap of the metal particle layer is larger than the first gap, so that the flowing speed of gas at the junction of the first area and the second area is higher, the gas transmission capacity of the diffusion layer is improved, the service efficiency of the electrolytic cell is improved, and the service requirement of the electrolytic cell is better met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water electrolysis, in particular to a diffusion layer, an electrolytic cell and a processing method.
Background
The electrolyzer is used for preparing hydrogen and mainly comprises a proton exchange membrane, a diffusion layer, a polar plate and the like, wherein the diffusion layer in the electrolyzer plays a role in conducting gas. In the research of the electrolytic cell, in order to further reduce the aperture of the metal felt, the metal felt is generally manufactured by adopting finer metal fiber wires in a braiding mode, but the aperture size of the surface of the metal felt braided by adopting the finer metal fiber wires is inconsistent, so that the transmission capability of the diffusion layer to gas generated after reaction is weaker, and the overall performance of the electrolytic cell is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a diffusion layer which is used for improving the gas transmission capacity in an electrolytic cell. The diffusion layer comprises a metal particle layer and a metal felt layer, and the metal particle layer is connected to one side of the metal felt layer facing the membrane electrode; the metal particle layer comprises a plurality of metal particles, the metal particle layer is provided with a first area and a second area which are oppositely arranged along the direction of electrolyte transmission, the metal particles in the first area are first metal particles, the metal particles in the second area are second metal particles, a first gap is formed between every two adjacent first metal particles, a second gap is formed between every two adjacent second metal particles, and the second gap is larger than the first gap.
In the embodiment of the application, the electrolyte can diffuse into the diffusion layer along the first direction, and in the diffusion process, part of ions sequentially pass through the metal felt layer and the metal particle layer and then reach the membrane electrode to generate gas, and when the gas flows in the metal particle layer, the gas flows along the first region towards the second region because the second gap of the second region in the metal particle layer is larger than the first gap of the first region, namely the flowing direction of the gas is the same as the conveying direction of the electrolyte, and the second gap of the second region is larger than the first gap of the first region, so that the flowing speed of the gas flowing from the first region to the second region is improved, and the gas conveying capability of the diffusion layer is improved. Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, the second gap of the metal particle layer is larger than the first gap, so that the flow speed of the gas at the junction of the first area and the second area is higher, the gas transmission capacity of the diffusion layer is improved, the service efficiency of the electrolytic cell is further improved, and the service requirement of the electrolytic cell is better met.
In one possible design, the metal particle layer further includes at least one third region, at least one third region being located between the first region and the second region along the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles in the third region being third metal particles, there being third gaps between adjacent third metal particles, the third gaps being larger than the first gaps, and the third gaps being smaller than the second gaps.
In one possible design, the gaps between adjacent metal particles gradually increase in the direction of the electrolyte transport.
In one possible design, the metal particles are spherical, and the metal particle layer further includes third regions, at least one of which is located between the first region and the second region along the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles in the third region being third metal particles; the diameter of the first metal particles in the first region is smaller than the diameter of the third metal particles in the third region and smaller than the diameter of the second metal particles in the second region.
In one possible design, the first gap is L1, and L1 satisfies L1 < 10 μm.
In one possible design, the second gap is L2, and L2 satisfies 20 μm.ltoreq.L2.ltoreq.30μm.
In one possible design, the metal particle layer further includes at least one third region, at least one of which is located between the first region and the second region in the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles in the third region being third metal particles; and a third gap is formed between every two adjacent third metal particles, wherein the third gap is L3, and L3 is more than or equal to 10 mu m and less than or equal to 20 mu m.
In one possible design, the metal particle layer further includes at least one third region, at least one of which is located between the first region and the second region in the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles in the third region being third metal particles; the diameter of the first metal particles in the first region is R1, the diameter of the second metal particles in the second region is R2, and the diameter of the third metal particles in the third region is R3, wherein R1, R2 and R3 satisfy at least one of the following conditions: r1 is more than or equal to 30 mu m and less than or equal to 40 mu m, R2 is more than or equal to 100 mu m and less than or equal to 110 mu m, R3 is more than or equal to 50 mu m and less than or equal to 60 mu m.
In one possible design, part of the positions of adjacent metal particles abut against each other so that there is a gap between adjacent metal particles.
In one possible design, the metal felt layer includes metal filaments having fourth interstices that are larger than the second interstices.
In one possible design, the fourth gap gradually decreases in a direction toward the metal particle layer.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electrolytic tank, which comprises a membrane electrode, a diffusion layer and a polar plate, wherein the diffusion layer is the diffusion layer, and the polar plate is provided with at least one flow channel; and the diffusion layer is positioned between the membrane electrode and the polar plate along the thickness direction of the electrolytic tank, and the polar plate is positioned at one side of the metal felt layer, which is away from the membrane electrode.
The embodiment of the application also provides a processing method, which is used for processing the diffusion layer and comprises the following steps: mixing first metal particles with glue to form a first mixture, and mixing second metal particles with glue to form a second mixture, wherein first gaps are reserved between adjacent first metal particles in the first mixture, and second gaps are reserved between adjacent second metal particles in the second mixture; attaching the first mixture and the second mixture to the same side of the metal felt layer in the thickness direction; sintering the metal felt layer attached with the first mixture and the second mixture at a high temperature to form a metal particle layer; wherein the second gap is larger than the first gap.
In one possible design, when mixing the first metal particles with glue to form the first mixture and the second metal particles with glue to form the second mixture, the processing method further comprises: mixing third metal particles with glue to form a third mixture, wherein third gaps are formed between adjacent third metal particles in the third mixture, and the third gaps are larger than the first gaps and smaller than the second gaps; the processing method specifically includes, when the first mixture and the second mixture are attached to the same side of the metal felt layer in the thickness direction: the first mixture, the third mixture, and the second mixture are sequentially attached to the same side of the metal felt layer in the thickness direction.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application as claimed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diffusion layer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electrolytic cell provided by the present application;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a diffusion layer and a plate in an electrolytic cell according to the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a diffusion layer;
11-a metal particle layer;
111-a first region;
111 a-first metal particles;
112-a second region;
112 a-second metal particles;
113-a third region;
113 a-third metal particles;
12-a metal felt layer;
2-membrane electrode;
3-polar plate;
31-flow channel;
4-gas.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one relationship describing the association of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
It should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In the context of this document, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element through intervening elements.
The embodiment of the application provides a diffusion layer which is used for improving the gas transmission capacity in an electrolytic cell. As shown in fig. 1, the diffusion layer 1 includes a metal particle layer 11 and a metal felt layer 12, and as shown in fig. 3, the metal particle layer 11 is connected to the side of the metal felt layer 12 facing the membrane electrode 2. The metal particle layer 11 includes a plurality of metal particles, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, along the direction of electrolyte transmission, the metal particle layer 11 has a first region 111 and a second region 112 that are disposed opposite to each other, the metal particles in the first region 111 are first metal particles 111a, the metal particles in the second region 112 are second metal particles 112a, wherein a first gap is between adjacent first metal particles 111a, a second gap is between adjacent second metal particles 112a, and the second gap is greater than the first gap.
In the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 3, the electrolyte can diffuse along the first direction into the diffusion layer 1, and in the diffusion process, part of ions sequentially pass through the metal felt layer 12 and the metal particle layer 11 and then reach the membrane electrode 2 to generate the gas 4, when the gas 4 flows in the metal particle layer 11, because the second gap of the second region 112 in the metal particle layer 11 is larger than the first gap of the first region 111, the gas 4 flows along the first region 111 towards the second region 112, i.e. the flowing direction of the gas 4 is the same as the conveying direction of the electrolyte, and the second gap of the second region 112 is larger than the first gap of the first region 111, so that the flowing speed of the gas 4 flowing from the first region 111 to the second region 112 is improved, and the capability of the diffusion layer 1 for conveying the gas 4 is improved. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the second gap of the metal particle layer 11 is larger than the first gap, so that the flow speed of the gas 4 at the junction of the first region 111 and the second region 112 is faster, thereby improving the capability of the diffusion layer 1 for transmitting the gas 4, further improving the service efficiency of the electrolytic cell, and better meeting the service requirement of the electrolytic cell.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the metal particle layer 11 may further include at least one third region 113, where the at least one third region 113 is located between the first region 111 and the second region 112 along the direction of electrolyte transmission, the metal particles in the third region 113 are third metal particles 113a, and third gaps are provided between adjacent third metal particles 113a, the third gaps are larger than the first gaps, and the third gaps are smaller than the second gaps.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, at least one third area 113 is provided between the first area 111 and the second area 112, so that when the gas 4 flows in the metal particle layer 11, the third gap of the third area 113 is larger than the first gap of the first area 111, so that the flow speed of the gas 4 flowing from the first area 111 to the third area 113 is increased, and meanwhile, the third gap of the third area 113 is smaller than the second gap of the second area 112, so that the flow speed of the gas 4 flowing from the third area 113 to the second area 112 is increased, and therefore, the flow speed of the gas 4 in the metal particle layer 11 is further increased by the third area 113, thereby further improving the capability of the diffusion layer 1 to transmit the gas 4.
In a specific embodiment, the gaps between adjacent metal particles gradually increase along the direction of electrolyte transmission, so in the application, the metal particle layer 11 is divided into a plurality of areas with gaps of different sizes, and the areas are distributed from small to large along the flowing direction of the gas 4 according to the size of the internal gaps, thereby realizing the effect of rapid flow of the gas 4 in the metal particle layer 11, further enabling the diffusion layer 1 to have stronger capability of transmitting the gas 4, and improving the service efficiency of the electrolytic tank.
As shown in fig. 2, the positions of the adjacent metal particles are abutted to make gaps between the adjacent metal particles, so that smoothness of the gas 4 flowing in the metal particle layer 11 is ensured, the possibility that the gas transmission capability of the diffusion layer 1 is weaker is reduced, and meanwhile, the strength of the metal particle layer 11 is also improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the metal particles in the first region 111, the second region 112 and the third region 113 are spherical, when a plurality of metal particles are connected together, compared with metal particles with other shapes, the phenomenon that gaps disappear due to close adhesion between adjacent metal particles can be avoided, the gas 4 can flow in the metal particle layer 11, and the risk that the gas transmission capacity of the diffusion layer 1 is too low due to the disappearance of the gaps is reduced.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the diameter R1 of the first metal particles 111a in the first region 111 is smaller than the diameter R3 of the third metal particles 113a in the third region 113 and smaller than the diameter R2 of the second metal particles 112a in the second region 112, as shown in fig. 1, in the first region 111, the second region 112 and the third region 113, the diameter of the first metal particles 111a located in the first region 111 is smaller, and when the first metal particles 111a in the first region 111 abut, the gaps between the adjacent first metal particles 111a are smaller; the second metal particles 112a located in the second region 112 have a larger diameter, and when the second metal particles 112a in the second region 112 abut against each other, the gaps between the adjacent second metal particles 112a are larger; the third metal particles 113a of the third region 113 located therebetween have a moderate diameter, and when the third metal particles 113a in the third region 113 abut, the gaps between the adjacent third metal particles 113a are moderate.
Accordingly, the gaps of the first region 111, the second region 112, and the third region 113 can form a gas passage, and the exhaust passage gradually increases in the transport direction of the electrolyte to promote the fluidity of the gas 4. In addition, the end of the gas 4 in the flow direction is located in the second region 112, and the larger gap in the second region 112 is beneficial to exhausting the collected gas 4, so as to improve the exhaust performance of the diffusion layer 1.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the diameters of the metal particles in the first region 111, the second region and the third region 113 are different, so that the number of layers of the metal particles in the three regions is different, and the number of layers of the metal particles in the three regions can be set arbitrarily according to actual needs, so long as the thicknesses of the metal particle layers 11 are the same throughout.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the first gap is L1, and L1 satisfies L1 < 10 μm, L1 may specifically be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm,5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, etc. When the first gap L1 is excessively large (e.g., L1 is larger than 10 μm), the filtration performance of the diffusion layer 1 is poor, external impurities are easily transported along with the gas 4, which negatively affects the inside of the electrolytic cell, and when the first gap L1 is excessively large, the second gaps L2 between the second metal particles 112a and the third gaps L3 between the third metal particles 113a are larger, resulting in an excessively large thickness of the metal particle layer 11. Therefore, when the first gap L1 satisfies L1 < 10 μm, the first gap L1 is smaller, which is advantageous for achieving the purpose of gradient gaps inside the metal particle layer 11 while solving the negative effect caused by invasion of external impurities into the inside of the electrolytic cell.
As shown in FIG. 2, the second gap is L2, and L2 satisfies 20 μm.ltoreq.L2.ltoreq.30μm, and L2 may be specifically 20 μm, 22 μm, 24 μm, 26 μm, 28 μm, 30 μm, or the like. When the second gap L2 is too small (e.g., L2 is less than 20 μm), since the end of the flow direction of the gas 4 is located at the second region 112, the too small second gap L2 may be disadvantageous for the collected gas 4 to be discharged, thereby degrading the exhaust performance of the diffusion layer 1; when the second gap L2 is excessively large (e.g., L2 is greater than 30 μm), the diameter of the second metal particles 112a is large, resulting in an excessively large thickness of the metal particle layer 11; therefore, when the second gap L2 is 20 μm or less and L2 is 30 μm or less, the thickness of the metal particle layer 11 is not too thick, and the metal particle layer has good exhaust performance, so that the service efficiency of the electrolytic cell is improved, and the service requirement of the electrolytic cell is better met.
As shown in FIG. 2, the third gap is L3, and L3 satisfies 10 μm.ltoreq.L3.ltoreq.20μm, and L3 may be specifically 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm, 20 μm, or the like. When the third gap L3 is too small (e.g., L3 is smaller than 10 μm), the size of the third gap L3 is similar to the first gap L1, so that the transmission effect of the gas 4 is not significantly improved in the process of flowing from the first region 111 to the third region 113; when the third gap L3 is excessively large (for example, L3 is larger than 20 μm), the size of the third gap L3 is similar to that of the second gap L2, so that the transfer effect of the gas 4 is not significantly improved in the process of flowing from the third region 113 to the second region 112. Therefore, when the third gap L3 is too small or when the third gap L3 is too large, it is not advantageous to improve the gas transmission effect of the diffusion layer 1, and when the third gap L3 satisfies 10 μm.ltoreq.L3.ltoreq.20μm, the size of the third gap differs greatly from the size of the first gap and the size of the second gap, which is advantageous to achieve the purpose of gradient gaps inside the metal particle layer 11, thereby improving the transmission capability of the gas 4 in the diffusion layer 1.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, when the metal particles of the metal particle layer 11 are all spherical, the diameter of the first metal particles 111a in the first region 111 is R1, the diameter of the second metal particles 112a in the second region 112 is R2, and the diameter of the third metal particles 113a in the third region 113 is R3, wherein R1, R2, R3 satisfy at least one of the following conditions: r1 is more than or equal to 30 mu m and less than or equal to 40 mu m, R2 is more than or equal to 100 mu m and less than or equal to 110 mu m, R3 is more than or equal to 50 mu m and less than or equal to 60 mu m.
In the embodiment of the present application, the diameter R1 of the first metal particle 111a, the diameter R2 of the second metal particle 112a, and the diameter R3 of the third metal particle 113a satisfy R2 > R3 > R1, and the corresponding second gap L2 is larger than the third gap L3, and the third gap L3 is larger than the first gap L1, so that the first region 111, the second region 112, and the third region 113 gradually increase in the direction along the flow of the gas 4, so as to achieve the purpose of gradient gaps inside the metal particle layer 11, thereby improving the transmission capability of the diffusion layer 1 to the gas 4.
Wherein R1 may specifically be 30 μm, 32 μm, 34 μm, 36 μm, 38 μm, 40 μm, etc.; r2 may be specifically 100 μm, 102 μm, 104 μm, 106 μm, 108 μm, 110 μm, etc.; r3 may be specifically 50 μm, 52 μm, 54 μm, 56 μm, 58 μm, 60 μm, etc.
In the above embodiments, the metal felt layer 12 includes metal fiber wires having fourth gaps, and the fourth gaps are larger than the second gaps, that is, the gaps inside the metal felt layer 12 are larger than the gaps between adjacent metal particles in the metal particle layer 11, so that the electrolyte can diffuse in the first direction under capillary action and accelerate the diffusion of the electrolyte in the first direction. Wherein, because the gaps inside the metal felt layer 12 are larger than the gaps between adjacent metal particles in the metal particle layer 11, ions generated after the electrolyte reaction can increase the flow speed of the ions at the junction of the metal felt layer 12 and the metal particle layer 11, thereby promoting the efficiency of the ions to generate the gas 4 at the membrane electrode 2.
In a specific embodiment, the fourth gap of the metal felt layer 12 gradually decreases along the direction towards the metal particle layer 11, so that the inside of the diffusion layer 1 forms a gradient structure along the first direction, capillary action is further promoted, the efficiency of electrolyte transmission to the inside of the diffusion layer 1 is improved, and the efficiency of electrolyte transmission and the efficiency of gas 4 discharge in the Gao Dianjie tank are improved in cooperation with the gradient structure of the inside of the metal particle layer 11 along the flowing direction of the gas 4.
The metal felt layer 12 and the metal particle layer 11 may be the same or different in material. When the metal felt layer 12 and the metal particle layer 11 are made of the same material, for example, the metal felt layer 12 and the metal particle layer 11 are made of titanium, so that the diffusion layer 1 has good electrolysis performance, promotes reaction to electrolyte, has smaller ohmic resistance, and is beneficial to improving ion transmission efficiency; when the metal felt layer 12 and the metal particle layer 11 are made of different materials, for example, the metal felt layer 12 is made of titanium, and the metal particle layer 11 is made of stainless steel, so that the diffusion layer 1 has good corrosion resistance while improving the electrolytic reaction. Therefore, the embodiment can meet different use requirements of the electrolytic tank.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electrolytic tank, which comprises a diffusion layer 1, a membrane electrode 2 and a polar plate 3; the electrode plate 3 has at least one flow channel 31 for flowing electrolyte. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, along the thickness direction of the electrolytic cell, the diffusion layer 1 is located between the membrane electrode 2 and the electrode plate 3, and the electrode plate 3 is located on the side of the metal felt layer 12 away from the membrane electrode 2, so that the metal felt layer 12 plays a capillary role on the electrolyte in the flow channel 31, accelerates the diffusion of the electrolyte to the inside of the diffusion layer 1, and improves the service efficiency of the electrolytic cell in cooperation with the gradient structure in the metal particle layer 11. In addition, by providing the metal particle layer 11 on the surface of the metal felt layer 12, not only the gas 4 transmission capability of the diffusion layer 1 can be improved, but also the extrusion of the diffusion layer 1 by the membrane electrode 2 and the electrode plate 3 can be reduced, and the overall structural strength of the diffusion layer 1 can be improved.
In a specific embodiment, the electrolytic cell further comprises an input end and an output end along the direction of transport of the electrolyte, wherein the input end is located at one end of the first region 111 and the output end is located at one end of the second region 112, and the electrolyte enters the electrode plate 3 from the input end and flows out from the output end through the flow channel 31. The input end of the electrolyte is disposed in the first region 111, so that the electrolyte can sufficiently react, and the utilization rate of the electrolyte is improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides a processing method, which is used for processing the diffusion layer 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the first metal particles 111a are mixed with the paste to form a first mixture, and the second metal particles 112a are mixed with the paste to form a second mixture, wherein first gaps are formed between adjacent first metal particles 111a in the first mixture, and second gaps are formed between adjacent second metal particles 112a in the second mixture.
S2: the first mixture and the second mixture are attached to the same side of the metal felt layer 12 in the thickness direction.
S3: sintering the metal felt layer 12 attached with the first mixture and the second mixture at a high temperature to form a metal particle layer 11; wherein the second gap is larger than the first gap.
In the process of preparing the metal particle layer 11, the first metal particles 111a and the second metal particles 112a are mixed with glue respectively, so that the second gap in the second region 112 is larger than the first gap in the first region 111 after the preparation, the first mixture and the second mixture are attached to the same side of the metal felt layer 12 in the thickness direction after the preparation of the first mixture and the second mixture, specifically, the first mixture and the second mixture are attached to the input end of the electrolyte and the output end of the electrolyte of the metal felt layer 12 respectively, and the glue in the first mixture and the second mixture is removed by high-temperature sintering, so that the first region 111 only comprising the first metal particles 111a and the second region 112 only comprising the second metal particles 112a are formed, and at this time, adjacent metal particles in the first region 111 and the second region 112 are fixedly connected, so that the metal particle layer 11 is formed. The embodiment of the application ensures that the adjacent metal particles are fixedly connected by mixing the metal particles and the adhesive together so as to improve the stability and the reliability of the connection between the adjacent metal particles, reduce the possibility of mutual separation between the adjacent metal particles and facilitate the realization of the adhesion of the metal particles to the metal felt layer 12.
In a specific embodiment, the step S1 may specifically be:
s11: when the first metal particles 111a are mixed with the paste to form a first mixture and the second metal particles 112a are mixed with the paste to form a second mixture, the third metal particles 113a are mixed with the paste to form a third mixture, wherein the first mixture has a first gap between adjacent first metal particles 111a, the second mixture has a second gap between adjacent second metal particles 112a, the third mixture has a third gap between adjacent third metal particles 113a, and the third gap is greater than the first gap and less than the second gap.
In the process of preparing the metal particle layer 11, the first metal particles 111a, the second metal particles 112a and the third metal particles 113a are mixed with glue, so that the second gap in the second region 112 is ensured to be larger than the third gap in the third region 113 after preparation, and the third gap in the third region 113 is ensured to be larger than the first gap in the first region 111.
Based on this, the step S2 specifically includes:
s21: the first mixture, the second mixture, and the third mixture are attached to the same side of the metal felt layer 12 in the thickness direction with the third mixture being located between the first mixture and the second mixture. Specifically, the first mixture and the second mixture are respectively attached to the input end and the output end of the electrolyte of the metal felt layer 12, the third mixture is attached between the first mixture and the second mixture, and the glue in the first mixture, the third mixture and the second mixture is removed by high-temperature sintering, so that a first area 111 only comprising first metal particles 111a, a third area 113 only comprising third metal particles 113a and a second area 112 only comprising second metal particles 112a are formed, and at this time, adjacent metal particles in the first area 111, the third area 113 and the second area 112 are fixedly connected, so that the metal particle layer 11 is formed.
The processing method provided by the embodiment of the application can conveniently realize different gaps of the metal particles in each region of the metal particle layer 11, so that the gas transmission effect of the diffusion layer 1 can be improved, and the processing method also has the advantage of convenient operation, and improves the connection reliability between each metal particle in the metal particle layer 11 and between the metal particle layer 11 and the metal felt layer 12, thereby improving the reliability of the diffusion layer 1.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A diffusion layer for an electrolytic cell, characterized in that the diffusion layer (1) comprises a metal particle layer (11) and a metal felt layer (12), the metal particle layer (11) being connected to the side of the metal felt layer (12) facing the membrane electrode (2);
the metal particle layer (11) comprises a plurality of metal particles, the metal particle layer (11) is provided with a first area (111) and a second area (112) which are oppositely arranged along the direction of electrolyte transmission, the metal particles in the first area (111) are first metal particles (111 a), the metal particles in the second area (112) are second metal particles (112 a), a first gap is reserved between every two adjacent first metal particles (111 a), a second gap is reserved between every two adjacent second metal particles (112 a), and the second gap is larger than the first gap;
the first gap is L1, L1 satisfies L1 < 10 μm, the second gap is L2, and L2 satisfies L2 not less than 20 μm and not more than 30 μm.
2. The diffusion layer according to claim 1, wherein the metal particle layer (11) further comprises at least one third region (113), at least one of the third regions (113) being located between the first region (111) and the second region (112) in the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles within the third region (113) being third metal particles (113 a), there being third gaps between adjacent third metal particles (113 a), the third gaps being larger than the first gaps and the third gaps being smaller than the second gaps.
3. The diffusion layer of claim 1, wherein gaps between adjacent ones of the metal particles gradually increase in a direction of transport of the electrolyte.
4. The diffusion layer according to claim 1, wherein the metal particles are spherical and the metal particle layer (11) further comprises third regions (113), at least one of the third regions (113) being located between the first region (111) and the second region (112) in the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles within the third region (113) being third metal particles (113 a);
the diameter of the first metal particles (111 a) in the first region (111) is smaller than the diameter of the third metal particles (113 a) in the third region (113) and smaller than the diameter of the second metal particles (112 a) in the second region (112).
5. The diffusion layer according to claim 1, wherein the metal particle layer (11) further comprises at least one third region (113), at least one of the third regions (113) being located between the first region (111) and the second region (112) in the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles within the third region (113) being third metal particles (113 a);
and a third gap is formed between every two adjacent third metal particles (113 a), wherein the third gap is L3, and L3 is more than or equal to 10 mu m and less than or equal to 20 mu m.
6. The diffusion layer according to claim 1, wherein the metal particle layer (11) further comprises at least one third region (113), at least one of the third regions (113) being located between the first region (111) and the second region (112) in the direction of electrolyte transport, the metal particles within the third region (113) being third metal particles (113 a);
-the diameter of the first metal particles (111 a) in the first region (111) is R1, -the diameter of the second metal particles (112 a) in the second region (112) is R2, -the diameter of the third metal particles (113 a) in the third region (113) is R3, wherein R1, R2, R3 fulfil at least one of the following conditions: r1 is more than or equal to 30 mu m and less than or equal to 40 mu m, R2 is more than or equal to 100 mu m and less than or equal to 110 mu m, R3 is more than or equal to 50 mu m and less than or equal to 60 mu m.
7. The diffusion layer of claim 1, wherein portions of adjacent metal particles are positioned in abutment such that there are gaps between adjacent metal particles.
8. The diffusion layer according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the metal felt layer (12) comprises metal filaments having fourth interstices that are larger than the second interstices.
9. A diffusion layer according to claim 8, characterized in that the fourth gap gradually decreases in a direction towards the metal particle layer (11).
10. An electrolytic cell, the cell comprising:
a membrane electrode (2);
a diffusion layer (1), the diffusion layer (1) being a diffusion layer (1) according to any one of claims 1-9;
-a plate (3), said plate (3) having at least one flow channel (31);
wherein, along the thickness direction of the electrolytic tank, the diffusion layer (1) is positioned between the membrane electrode (2) and the polar plate (3), and the polar plate (3) is positioned at one side of the metal felt layer (12) which is away from the membrane electrode (2).
11. A processing method for processing the diffusion layer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the processing method comprising:
mixing first metal particles (111 a) with glue to form a first mixture, and mixing second metal particles (112 a) with glue to form a second mixture, wherein first gaps are formed between adjacent first metal particles (111 a) in the first mixture, and second gaps are formed between adjacent second metal particles (112 a) in the second mixture;
attaching the first mixture and the second mixture to the same side of the metal felt layer (12) in the thickness direction;
sintering the metal felt layer (12) attached with the first mixture and the second mixture at a high temperature to form a metal particle layer (11);
wherein the second gap is larger than the first gap.
12. The processing method according to claim 11, wherein, when mixing the first metal particles (111 a) with glue to form the first mixture and the second metal particles (112 a) with glue to form the second mixture, the processing method further comprises:
mixing third metal particles (113 a) with glue to form a third mixture, wherein third gaps are arranged between adjacent third metal particles (113 a) in the third mixture, and the third gaps are larger than the first gaps and smaller than the second gaps;
the processing method specifically includes, when the first mixture and the second mixture are attached to the same side of the metal felt layer (12) in the thickness direction:
the first mixture, the third mixture and the second mixture are sequentially attached to the same side of the metal felt layer (12) in the thickness direction.
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