CN116393479A - Material recovery system for lithium battery - Google Patents
Material recovery system for lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN116393479A CN116393479A CN202211737922.1A CN202211737922A CN116393479A CN 116393479 A CN116393479 A CN 116393479A CN 202211737922 A CN202211737922 A CN 202211737922A CN 116393479 A CN116393479 A CN 116393479A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 119
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
- B08B15/04—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area from a small area, e.g. a tool
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
- B09B2101/16—Batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a material recovery system for lithium batteries, which comprises a rotary vibrating screen, wherein the rotary vibrating screen is used for primarily screening shredded lithium batteries, crushed lithium battery materials after primary screening enter a protective cover, a conveyor belt is arranged in the protective cover, the crushed lithium battery materials are conveyed by the conveyor belt, an X-ray emitter is arranged at the top of the protective cover, waste materials of the lithium batteries are identified by the X-ray emitter, a line array detector is arranged below the conveyor belt, and the line array detector is used for positioning the materials on the conveyor belt; the other end of the protective cover is provided with a split charging box, the bottom of the split charging box is provided with a plurality of partition boards, an air nozzle is arranged below one end of the conveyor belt, which is close to the split charging box, and the air nozzle is connected with an air supply module; the flow of the spraying liquid is automatically changed according to the gas flow velocity in the tail gas pipe through the automatic adjusting mechanism, so that the use accuracy of the spraying liquid is further improved, and waste is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery recovery, and particularly relates to a material recovery system for a lithium battery.
Background
When the waste lithium battery is directly exposed to the environment without treatment, burst occurs under various conditions, so that new and old substances in the battery enter the environment to cause environmental pollution.
In the existing waste lithium ion battery, mainly recovered substances are copper, aluminum, a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein the positive plate of the lithium battery is an aluminum foil coated positive electrode material, and the negative plate of the lithium battery is a copper foil coated negative electrode material; however, more than 90% of valuable recovered substances are on the positive and negative electrode plates of the lithium battery, so that the positive and negative electrode plates of the lithium battery are recycled, and the primary consideration is given to the way. At present, the recovery processing flow of the lithium ion battery has a crushing procedure no matter the whole battery or the pole piece is processed independently, and the pole piece is dropped when the whole battery or the pole piece is crushed, so that the situation that the components of the crushed mixed powder are complex is caused, the crushed mixed powder contains not only positive and negative pole powder, but also substances such as iron and steel materials worn by a crusher, shell wearing materials and the like, and unnecessary troubles are caused for subsequent recovery and utilization. The recovery treatment method of the waste lithium batteries comprises dry recovery, wet recovery, biological recovery and the like, but in any method, the batteries are subjected to pretreatment such as disassembly, monomer crushing, sorting and the like. In the pretreatment process, the electrolyte in the battery can volatilize and overflow the electrolyte of the lithium battery, and the main components of the electrolyte comprise solvents such as ethylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and the like, carbonate substances enter the gas, so that VOCs in the gas exceed standards, and LiPF6 can be hydrolyzed when meeting water to generate acidic substances such as hydrogen fluoride, phosphoric acid and the like, thereby severely polluting the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a material recovery system for lithium batteries, which is used for separating the diaphragm, the shell and the metal machine sheet of the crushed waste batteries by arranging an identification and separation module, improving the recovery efficiency of the batteries, improving the separation accuracy and preventing the secondary crushing of the positive and negative metal sheets to cause the increase of the difficulty of subsequent metal extraction; the emission of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe is obtained by detecting the concentration of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe and the air flow speed, and a water pump pumps quantitative spray liquid into a liquid supply box, so that the particulate matters in the tail gas are ensured to be completely absorbed, the environmental pollution caused by the tail gas is prevented, and the spray liquid is saved; the flow of the spraying liquid is automatically changed according to the gas flow velocity in the tail gas pipe through the automatic adjusting mechanism, so that the use accuracy of the spraying liquid is further improved, and waste is prevented.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
the material recovery system for the lithium battery comprises a rotary vibrating screen, wherein the rotary vibrating screen is used for primary screening of the torn lithium battery, broken lithium battery materials after primary screening enter a protective cover, a conveyor belt is arranged in the protective cover, the broken lithium battery materials are conveyed through the conveyor belt, an X-ray emitter is arranged at the top of the protective cover, waste materials of the lithium battery are identified through the X-ray emitter, a line array detector is arranged below the conveyor belt, and the line array detector is used for positioning the materials on the conveyor belt; the other end of the protective cover is provided with a split charging box, the bottom of the split charging box is provided with a plurality of partition boards, an air nozzle is arranged below one end of the conveyor belt, which is close to the split charging box, and the air nozzle is connected with an air supply module;
the split charging box is characterized in that a connecting pipe is connected to the position, close to the top, of the split charging box, a shell is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe, a negative pressure fan is arranged at one end, close to the split charging box, of the connecting pipe, a combustor is arranged on the connecting pipe, a tail gas pipe is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe, the tail gas pipe is arranged inside the shell, a spray pipe is connected to the other end of the tail gas pipe, a waste liquid pool is connected to the lower portion of the spray pipe, and an exhaust port is formed in the waste liquid pool; the automatic regulating mechanism is connected with a liquid supply tank, the liquid supply tank is connected with a liquid storage tank, a water pump is arranged in the liquid storage tank, and the automatic regulating mechanism automatically changes the flow of the spraying liquid according to the flow rate of the gas in the tail gas pipe.
Preferably, the exhaust pipe is further provided with a flow detection mechanism, the flow detection mechanism can detect the speed of air flow in the exhaust pipe, the particle detection mechanism is arranged in the exhaust pipe, the concentration of particles in the exhaust pipe can be detected, the discharge amount of the particles in the exhaust pipe is obtained by detecting the concentration of the particles in the exhaust pipe and the air flow speed, and quantitative spraying liquid is pumped into the liquid supply box through the water pump, so that the exhaust particle pollutants are completely absorbed, and the spraying liquid is saved.
Preferably, the automatic adjusting mechanism comprises a wind wheel, wherein the wind wheel is arranged in the tail gas pipe, one side of the wind wheel is connected with a first cam through a rotating shaft, the other side of the first cam is rotationally connected with a first connecting rod, the other end of the first connecting rod is rotationally connected with a telescopic rod, the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with a sealing box, the telescopic rod penetrates through the sealing box and is in sealing sliding connection with the sealing box, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected with a piston block, and the piston block and the inner side wall of the sealing box form sealing sliding connection; one side of the sealing box is communicated with the liquid supply box, and the other side of the sealing box is communicated with the spray pipe.
Preferably, a liquid inlet is formed in one side, far away from the telescopic rod, of the sealing box, a liquid inlet door is arranged on the liquid inlet, the liquid inlet door is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the sealing box through a hinge, the liquid inlet is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid supply box; the liquid inlet symmetry is equipped with the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected with the drain pipe, the other end of drain pipe extends to inside the shower, and the drain pipe is connected with the shower head, and the shower head sets up the inside at the shower, the liquid outlet is equipped with the drain door, the drain door rotates through the lateral wall that sets up hinge and seal box to be connected.
Preferably, the flow detection mechanism comprises a box body, and the box body is arranged on the outer side wall of the tail gas pipe; the other side of the wind wheel is connected with a second cam through a rotating shaft, the other side of the second cam is connected with a second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is rotationally connected with a moving rod, the rotating direction of the moving rod and the second cam are located in the same plane, and the other end of the moving rod is rotationally connected with a moving block.
Preferably, a fixed block is arranged in the box body and connected with the tail gas pipe, a sliding groove is formed in the plane, close to the moving rod, of the fixed block, and the sliding groove is of an S-shaped structure; the center position of movable block has seted up logical groove, be equipped with the slide bar in the logical groove, the slide bar can be in logical inslot slip, the one end of slide bar is connected with the slider, and the slider setting is in the spout, and the slide bar can be in spout sliding connection through the slider.
Preferably, the two ends of the sliding rod are connected with a U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame slides along the sliding rod, a first spiral piezoelectric sheet is connected to the U-shaped frame, a first supporting rod is connected to the other end of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet, and the first supporting rod is fixedly connected with the fixing block.
Preferably, the two sides of the moving block are connected with second spiral piezoelectric sheets, the other ends of the second spiral piezoelectric sheets are connected with second supporting rods, and the second supporting rods are fixedly connected with the fixed block.
Preferably, the method for recycling the waste batteries by the recycling system comprises the following steps: screening the crushed waste batteries through a rotary vibration screen, enabling the screened fragments to enter a conveyor belt in a protective cover, irradiating the conveyor belt with X rays, and determining materials according to low-energy transmission signal values and dual-energy R values of copper, aluminum and plastic diaphragms in the waste batteries;
secondly, identifying the positions of copper, aluminum and plastic diaphragms on a conveyor belt through a line array detector arranged below the conveyor belt, transmitting the identified positions to an industrial personal computer, controlling an air supply module and an air nozzle by the industrial personal computer, sorting different substances by using air flows with different intensities, and enabling metals and plastics with different materials to fall into different partition plates of a split charging box;
step three, the volatile harmful gas of the sorted materials enters a combustor through a negative pressure fan to burn, tail gas after burning obtains the discharge amount of particulate matters in a tail gas pipe through detecting the concentration of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe and the air flow speed, and quantitative spray liquid is pumped into a liquid supply box through a water pump to ensure that the particulate pollutants of the tail gas are completely absorbed, prevent the tail gas from causing environmental pollution and save the spray liquid; the flow of the spray liquid is automatically changed according to the gas flow rate in the tail gas pipe by the automatic adjusting mechanism, so that the use accuracy of the spray liquid is further improved, and waste is prevented; the spray liquid adopts alkaline spray liquid, mainly comprises sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide solution, and can neutralize acidic substances such as hydrogen fluoride, phosphoric acid and the like in tail gas, so as to prevent atmospheric pollution.
In addition, when identifying the broken material of the lithium battery, the specific steps include, a, determining the regional blocking critical value according to the material of the material to be identified and the condition of the X-ray source; b, collecting a plurality of high-energy transmission signals and low-energy transmission signals of the substance to be identified through a line array detector; c, respectively calculating the average value of the high-energy transmission signals and the average value of the more transmission signals of the ground tweed, and calculating the dual-energy R value of the signals; and d, comparing the average value of the low-energy transmission signals of the bag identification materials and the dual-energy R value with the regional blocking critical value to obtain a material judging result. After the material judgment result is obtained, the coordinate position of the material in the direction of the conveyor belt is obtained through image processing, the position of the material in the width direction of the conveyor belt is represented by an X coordinate, and the position of the material in the movement direction of the conveyor belt is represented by a Y coordinate, so that the coordinate position is obtained; and then determining an air injection channel according to the position information of the sorted materials, delaying, judging whether sorting is performed according to the type information of the materials, controlling an air supply module to perform operation by an industrial personal computer, finishing sorting, and sorting copper, aluminum and plastic diaphragms in different diaphragms of a sorting box.
In addition, after the lithium battery materials are crushed, the gas containing carbonate substances can be volatilized, and the gas directly enters the atmosphere to be discharged, so that the atmospheric pollution can be caused; the system fully burns volatilized gas by arranging the burner, generates tail gas containing phosphorus pentoxide and hydrofluoric acid after combustion, performs neutralization by spraying liquid containing sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, prevents pollution caused by direct discharge of the tail gas, and finally collects the spraying liquid through a waste liquid pool and performs subsequent treatment. When alkaline spray liquid is used for spraying, the flow rate of middle tail gas of the tail gas pipe is detected through the flow detection mechanism, when the alkaline spray liquid passes through the tail gas pipe, the wind wheel is driven to rotate, the second connecting rod and the moving rod are driven to move in the rotation process of the wind wheel, the moving rod drives the fixed block and the sliding rod to reciprocate along the direction of the sliding groove when moving longitudinally along the sliding groove, the sliding rod transversely slides in the through groove, so that the fixed block and the sliding rod can complete S-shaped movement, when the sliding rod and the fixed block do cyclic reciprocating movement, the first spiral piezoelectric piece connected to the sliding rod through the U-shaped frame is extruded or stretched to deform, the second spiral piezoelectric piece connected to the fixed block is compressed or stretched to deform simultaneously, in the deformation process, the first spiral piezoelectric piece and the second spiral piezoelectric piece can generate potential difference, the potential difference is monitored through the lead to be connected with the industrial personal computer, the potential difference can be monitored, the speed of the airflow in the tail gas pipe is reflected, and the potential difference is larger. The concentration of tail gas is detected by a particle detection mechanism in the tail gas pipe, a discharge electrode, two resonators and a high-voltage discharge needle are arranged in the particle detection mechanism, so that air dust in the tail gas pipe is negatively charged, the negatively charged dust is attracted by a positive motor and is neutralized, and then the dust is subjected to measurement through an oscillator A and an oscillatorThe frequency difference of the device B can be used for obtaining the concentration of the tiny dust in the tail gas, calculating the quantity of the alkaline spray liquid required according to the concentration of the tiny dust in the tail gas and the flow velocity of the tail gas, and quantitatively pumping the spray liquid from the liquid storage tank to the liquid supply tank through the water pump, so that the spray liquid is reasonably used, and excessive waste is prevented. In order to further increase the detection accuracy of the tail gas flow velocity, the cross section area of the tail gas pipe is S, the first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet are in spiral elastic arrangement, elastic kinetic energy can be improved through elastic arrangement, the potential difference is increased, from the improvement accuracy, the elastic coefficient of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet is k, the maximum elastic deformation is d, the pitch is t, the lengths l of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet meet the conditions that l=delta· (S/(k+d)) 1/2 t is; in the above formula, delta is a relation coefficient, and the value range is 1.36-8.32; d. l and t are in cm, and S is in cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The above formula is an empirical formula.
In addition, when tail gas passes through the tail gas pipe, the wind wheel drives the first connecting rod and the telescopic rod to reciprocate in the sealing box, and when the telescopic rod drives the piston block to move upwards, the liquid outlet door is arranged outside the sealing box and is in a closed state under the action of negative pressure, so that liquid is not discharged from the liquid outlet; at the moment, the liquid inlet door is in an open state under the action of negative pressure because of being arranged in the sealing box, and the spray liquid in the liquid supply box is pumped into the sealing box; when the telescopic rod drives the piston block to move downwards, the liquid inlet door is in a closed state under the pressure of the spraying liquid, and the liquid outlet door is opened under the action of the spraying hydraulic pressure in the sealing box, so that the spraying liquid in the sealing box rapidly enters the liquid outlet pipe and is sprayed out of the spray header through the liquid outlet pipe to spray the tail gas; when the air flow speed v in the tail air pipe is increased, the reciprocating frequency of the piston block in the sealing box is driven by the telescopic rod to be increased, so that the spraying liquid fed into the spraying head is increased from the liquid supply box, when the air flow speed v in the tail air pipe is reduced, the reciprocating frequency of the piston block in the sealing box is driven by the telescopic rod to be reduced, so that the spraying liquid fed into the spraying head is reduced from the liquid supply box, the spraying liquid of the spraying head is automatically regulated according to the air flow speed in the tail air pipe, the spraying is ensured to be complete,and unnecessary waste of spray liquid is reduced. In order to further increase the accuracy of the usage amount of the spray liquid and prevent waste caused by excessive amount, the sectional area of the liquid outlet pipe is S1, and the gas flow rate in unit time of the tail gas pipe is Q, the mass m of the spray liquid is met, and m=alpha (S/S1) Q/2v; in the above formula, m is g, and S1 is cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Q is m3/min, v is ml/min; alpha is the air quality coefficient, and the value range is 0.68-8.34.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the material recovery system for the lithium battery, provided by the invention, the recognition and separation modules are arranged to separate the membrane, the shell and the metal machine sheet of the crushed waste battery, so that the battery recovery efficiency is improved, the separation accuracy is improved, and the subsequent increase of the difficulty of metal extraction caused by secondary crushing of the metal positive and negative plates is prevented.
(2) According to the material recovery system for the lithium battery, the emission amount of the particles in the tail gas pipe is obtained by detecting the concentration of the particles in the tail gas pipe and the air flow speed, and a water pump pumps quantitative spray liquid into the liquid supply box, so that the tail gas particle pollutants are ensured to be completely absorbed, the environment pollution caused by the tail gas is prevented, and the spray liquid is saved; the flow of the spraying liquid is automatically changed according to the gas flow velocity in the tail gas pipe through the automatic adjusting mechanism, so that the use accuracy of the spraying liquid is further improved, and waste is prevented.
(3) According to the material recovery system for the lithium battery, disclosed by the invention, the crushed materials of the lithium battery are identified and sorted through the X-rays, and the thickness range of the materials capable of identifying the crushed lithium battery is effectively enlarged through the regional block identification algorithm, so that the identification precision degree is improved, and the identification efficiency is improved.
(4) According to the material recovery system for the lithium battery, the first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet are arranged in a spiral elastic mode, elastic kinetic energy can be improved through elastic arrangement, potential difference is increased, and detection accuracy of tail gas flow velocity is further improved.
(5) According to the material recovery system for the lithium battery, the relation between the maximum elastic deformation, the pitch, the length and the tail gas pipe is limited by limiting the elastic coefficients of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet, so that the detection accuracy of the tail gas flow rate is further improved.
(6) According to the material recovery system for the lithium battery, the cross section area of the liquid outlet pipe is limited, and the mass of the spray liquid is used when the gas flow rate of the tail gas pipe in unit time is limited, so that the accuracy of the spray liquid dosage is further improved, and waste caused by excessive quantity is prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the automatic adjustment mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a flow rate detection mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the flow rate detection mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the flow sensing mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a mechanism for detecting particles in the tail gas pipe according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1-2, a material recovery system for lithium batteries comprises a rotary vibrating screen 1, wherein the rotary vibrating screen 1 performs primary screening on the torn lithium batteries, broken lithium battery materials after primary screening enter a protective cover 2, a conveyor belt 3 is arranged in the protective cover 2, the broken lithium battery materials are conveyed through the conveyor belt 3, an X-ray emitter 4 is arranged at the top of the protective cover 2, the waste materials of the lithium batteries are identified through the X-ray emitter 4, a line array detector is arranged below the conveyor belt 3, and the line array detector is used for positioning the materials on the conveyor belt 3; the other end of the protective cover 2 is provided with a split charging box 8, the bottom of the split charging box 8 is provided with a plurality of partition boards, an air nozzle 6 is arranged below one end of the conveyor belt 3 close to the split charging box 8, and the air nozzle 6 is connected with an air supply module 7;
the split charging box 8 is connected with a connecting pipe 9 near the top, the other end of the connecting pipe 9 is connected with a shell 12, one end of the connecting pipe 9 near the split charging box 8 is provided with a negative pressure fan 10, the connecting pipe 9 is provided with a combustor 11, the other end of the connecting pipe 9 is connected with a tail gas pipe 19, the tail gas pipe 19 is arranged in the shell 12, the other end of the tail gas pipe 19 is connected with a spray pipe 14, the lower part of the spray pipe 14 is connected with a waste liquid tank 15, and the waste liquid tank 15 is provided with an exhaust port; the tail gas pipe 19 is provided with an automatic regulating mechanism 13, the automatic regulating mechanism 13 is connected with a liquid supply tank 17, the liquid supply tank 17 is connected with a liquid storage tank 18, a water pump is arranged in the liquid storage tank 18, and the automatic regulating mechanism 13 automatically changes the flow of spray liquid according to the gas flow rate in the tail gas pipe 19.
The tail gas pipe 19 is further provided with a flow detection mechanism 16, the flow detection mechanism 16 can detect the speed of the air flow in the tail gas pipe 19, the interior of the tail gas pipe 19 is provided with a particle detection mechanism, the concentration of particles in the tail gas pipe 19 can be detected, the discharge amount of the particles in the tail gas pipe 19 can be obtained by detecting the concentration of the particles in the tail gas pipe 19 and the air flow speed, and quantitative spray liquid is pumped into the liquid supply tank 17 through a water pump, so that the tail gas particle pollutants are completely absorbed, and the spray liquid is saved.
The automatic regulating mechanism 13 comprises a wind wheel 131, the wind wheel 131 is arranged in the tail gas pipe 19, one side of the wind wheel 131 is connected with a first cam 132 through a rotating shaft, the other side of the first cam 132 is rotationally connected with a first connecting rod 133, the other end of the first connecting rod 133 is rotationally connected with a telescopic rod 134, the other end of the telescopic rod 134 is provided with a sealing box 135, the telescopic rod 134 penetrates through the sealing box 135 and is in sealing sliding connection with the sealing box 135, the other end of the telescopic rod 134 is connected with a piston block 137, and the piston block 137 and the inner side wall of the sealing box 135 form sealing sliding connection; the seal box 135 is connected to the liquid supply tank 17 on one side and to the shower pipe 14 on the other side.
A liquid inlet 138 is formed in one side, far away from the telescopic rod 134, of the sealing box 135, a liquid inlet door is arranged in the liquid inlet 138, the liquid inlet door is rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the sealing box 135 through a hinge, the liquid inlet 138 is connected with a liquid inlet pipe 139, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 139 is connected with the liquid supply box 17; the inlet 138 symmetry is equipped with liquid outlet 140, liquid outlet 140 is connected with drain pipe 141, the other end of drain pipe 141 extends to inside the shower 14, and drain pipe 141 is connected with shower head 142, and shower head 142 sets up the inside at shower 14, liquid outlet 140 is equipped with the drain door, the drain door rotates through the lateral wall that sets up hinge and seal box 135 to be connected.
When tail gas passes through the tail gas pipe 19, the wind wheel 131 drives the first connecting rod 133 and the telescopic rod 134 to reciprocate in the sealing box 135, and when the telescopic rod 134 drives the piston block 137 to move upwards, the liquid outlet door is arranged outside the sealing box 135 and is in a closed state under the action of negative pressure, so that liquid is not discharged from the liquid outlet 140; at this time, the liquid inlet door is opened under the action of negative pressure in the sealing box 135, and the spraying liquid in the liquid supply box 17 is pumped into the sealing box 135; when the telescopic rod 134 drives the piston block 137 to move downwards, the liquid inlet door is subjected toThe pressure of the spray liquid is in a closed state, and the liquid outlet door is opened under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the spray liquid in the sealing box 135, so that the spray liquid in the sealing box 135 rapidly enters the liquid outlet pipe 141 and is sprayed out of the spray header 142 through the liquid outlet pipe 141 to spray the tail gas; when the air flow velocity v in the tail gas pipe 19 increases, the reciprocating frequency of the telescopic rod 134 driving the piston block 137 in the sealing box 135 increases, so that the spraying liquid fed to the spraying head 142 is increased by flushing from the liquid supply box 17, and when the air flow velocity v in the tail gas pipe 19 decreases, the reciprocating frequency of the telescopic rod 134 driving the piston block 137 in the sealing box 135 decreases, so that the spraying liquid fed to the spraying head 142 is reduced by flushing from the liquid supply box 17, and the spraying liquid of the spraying head 142 is automatically adjusted according to the air flow velocity in the tail gas pipe 19, so that the spraying is ensured to be complete, and unnecessary waste of the spraying liquid is reduced. In order to further increase the accuracy of the usage amount of the spray liquid and prevent the waste caused by excessive usage, the cross section area of the liquid outlet pipe 141 is S1, and the gas flow rate in the unit time of the tail gas pipe 19 is Q, so that the mass m of the spray liquid is satisfied, and m=α· (S/S1) Q/2v; in the above formula, m is g, and S1 is cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Q is m3/min, v is ml/min; alpha is the air quality coefficient, and the value range is 0.68-8.34.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 3-5, in the first embodiment, the flow detection mechanism 16 includes a box 161, where the box 161 is disposed on an outer sidewall of the exhaust pipe 19; the other side of the wind wheel 131 is connected with a second cam 162 through a rotating shaft, the other side of the second cam 162 is connected with a second connecting rod 163, the other end of the second connecting rod 163 is rotationally connected with a moving rod 164, the rotating direction of the moving rod 164 and the second cam 162 are located in the same plane, and the other end of the moving rod 164 is rotationally connected with a moving block 167.
A fixed block 165 is arranged in the box body 161, the fixed block 165 is connected with the tail gas pipe 19, a sliding groove 166 is formed in a plane of the fixed block 165, which is close to the moving rod 164, and the sliding groove 166 is of an S-shaped structure; the center position of the moving block 167 is provided with a through groove 168, a sliding rod 169 is arranged in the through groove 168, the sliding rod 169 can slide in the through groove 168, one end of the sliding rod 169 is connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove 166, and the sliding rod 169 can slide in the sliding groove 166 through the sliding block. The both ends of slide bar 169 are connected with U type frame 170, U type frame 170 follows slide bar 169 and slides, be connected with first spiral piezoelectricity piece 171 on the U type frame 170, the other end of first spiral piezoelectricity piece 171 is connected with first branch 172, first branch 172 and fixed block 165 fixed connection. The two sides of the moving block 167 are connected with a second spiral piezoelectric sheet 174, the other end of the second spiral piezoelectric sheet 174 is connected with a second supporting rod 174, and the second supporting rod 174 is fixedly connected with the fixed block 165.
After being crushed, the lithium battery material volatilizes gas containing carbonate substances, and the gas directly enters the atmosphere to be discharged, so that the atmospheric pollution can be caused; the system fully burns volatilized gas by arranging the burner 11, generates tail gas containing phosphorus pentoxide and hydrofluoric acid after combustion, performs neutralization by spraying of spraying liquid containing sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, prevents pollution caused by direct discharge of the tail gas, and finally collects the spraying liquid through the waste liquid pool 15 and performs subsequent treatment. When the alkaline spraying liquid is used for spraying, firstly, the flow detection mechanism 16 is used for detecting the flow rate of middle tail gas of the tail gas pipe 19, when the alkaline spraying liquid passes through the tail gas pipe 19, the wind wheel 131 is driven to rotate, the wind wheel 131 drives the second connecting rod 163 and the moving rod 164 to move in the rotating process, the moving rod 164 drives the fixed block 165 and the sliding rod 169 to reciprocate along the direction of the sliding groove 166 when moving, the sliding rod 169 longitudinally moves along the sliding groove 166, the sliding rod 169 transversely slides in the through groove 168, so that the fixed block 165 and the sliding rod 169 can complete S-shaped movement, when the sliding rod 169 and the fixed block 165 circularly reciprocate, the first spiral piezoelectric piece 171 connected to the sliding rod 169 through the U-shaped frame 170 is extruded or stretched to generate deformation, the second spiral piezoelectric piece 174 connected to the fixed block 165 is compressed or stretched to generate deformation, and in the deforming process, the first spiral piezoelectric piece 171 and the second spiral piezoelectric piece 174 can generate potential difference, the potential difference is connected to the industrial personal computer through a wire to monitor, the speed of the air flow in the tail gas pipe 19 can be reflected by the monitoring of the potential differenceThe greater the velocity of the flow, the greater the potential difference that is monitored. Meanwhile, the concentration of the tail gas is detected through a particle detection mechanism in the tail gas pipe 19, a discharge electrode, two resonators and a high-voltage discharge needle are arranged in the particle detection mechanism, so that air dust in the tail gas pipe 19 is negatively charged, the negatively charged dust is attracted by a positive motor and is neutralized, then the concentration of the dust in the tail gas can be obtained through measuring the frequency difference between the oscillator A and the oscillator B, the required alkaline spray liquid can be calculated according to the dust concentration in the tail gas and the flow rate of the tail gas, and the spray liquid is quantitatively pumped from the liquid storage tank 18 to the liquid supply tank 17 through a water pump, so that the spray liquid is reasonably used, and excessive waste is prevented. In order to further increase the accuracy of detecting the flow velocity of the exhaust gas, the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas pipe 19 is S, the first spiral piezoelectric sheet 171 and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet 174 are elastically arranged in a spiral manner, elastic kinetic energy can be increased by the elastic arrangement, and the potential difference is increased, so that the accuracy of the increase is improved, the elastic coefficient of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet 171 and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet 174 is k, the maximum elastic deformation is d, and the pitch is t, and then the lengths l of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet 171 and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet 174 satisfy l=δ· (S/(k+d)) 1/2 t is; in the above formula, delta is a relation coefficient, and the value range is 1.36-8.32; d. l and t are in cm, and S is in cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The above formula is an empirical formula.
Embodiment III:
as shown in fig. 6, on the basis of the first embodiment, the method for recovering the waste batteries by the recovery system includes the following steps: screening crushed waste batteries through a rotary vibration screen 1, enabling the screened fragments to enter a conveyor belt 3 in a protective cover 2, irradiating the conveyor belt 3 with X rays, and determining materials according to low-energy transmission signal values and dual-energy R values of copper, aluminum and plastic diaphragms in the waste batteries;
secondly, identifying the positions of copper, aluminum and plastic diaphragms on the conveyor belt 3 through a line array detector arranged below the conveyor belt 3, transmitting the identified positions to an industrial personal computer, controlling an air supply module 7 and an air nozzle 6 by the industrial personal computer, sorting different substances by using air flows with different intensities, and enabling metals and plastics with different materials to fall into different partition plates of a split charging box 8;
step three, the volatile harmful gas of the sorted materials enters the combustor 11 through the negative pressure fan 10 to be combusted, the tail gas after combustion obtains the emission of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe 19 by detecting the concentration of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe 19 and the air flow speed, and quantitative spray liquid is pumped into the liquid supply box 17 through the water pump, so that the particulate pollutants of the tail gas are ensured to be completely absorbed, the environmental pollution caused by the tail gas is prevented, and the spray liquid is saved; the flow of the spray liquid is automatically changed according to the gas flow rate in the tail gas pipe 19 through the automatic adjusting mechanism 13, so that the use accuracy of the spray liquid is further improved, and waste is prevented; the spray liquid adopts alkaline spray liquid, mainly comprises sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide solution, and can neutralize acidic substances such as hydrogen fluoride, phosphoric acid and the like in tail gas, so as to prevent atmospheric pollution.
When identifying substances after the lithium battery is broken, the specific steps include a, determining a regional blocking critical value according to the materials of the substances to be identified and the conditions of an X-ray source; b, collecting a plurality of high-energy transmission signals and low-energy transmission signals of the substance to be identified through a line array detector; c, respectively calculating the average value of the high-energy transmission signals and the average value of the more transmission signals of the ground tweed, and calculating the dual-energy R value of the signals; and d, comparing the average value of the low-energy transmission signals of the bag identification materials and the dual-energy R value with the regional blocking critical value to obtain a material judging result. After the material judgment result is obtained, the coordinate position of the material in the direction of the conveyor belt 3 is obtained through image processing, the position of the material in the width direction of the conveyor belt 3 is represented by an X coordinate, and the coordinate position is obtained through Y in the movement direction of the conveyor belt 3; and then determining an air injection channel according to the position information of the sorted materials, delaying, judging whether to sort according to the type information of the materials, controlling the air supply module 7 to operate by the industrial personal computer, finishing sorting, and sorting copper, aluminum and plastic diaphragms in different clapboards of the sorting box.
The device that obtains through above-mentioned technical scheme is a material recovery system that lithium cell was used, through setting up discernment, select separately the module, select separately the diaphragm, the casing, the metal machine piece of the waste battery after the breakage, promotes the efficiency that the battery was retrieved to promote the accuracy of selecting separately, prevent that the positive negative pole piece of metal from being by secondary smashing, cause the degree of difficulty increase of follow-up metal extraction. The emission of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe is obtained by detecting the concentration of the particulate matters in the tail gas pipe and the air flow speed, and a water pump pumps quantitative spray liquid into a liquid supply box, so that the particulate matters in the tail gas are ensured to be completely absorbed, the environmental pollution caused by the tail gas is prevented, and the spray liquid is saved; the flow of the spraying liquid is automatically changed according to the gas flow velocity in the tail gas pipe through the automatic adjusting mechanism, so that the use accuracy of the spraying liquid is further improved, and waste is prevented. The materials crushed by the lithium battery are identified and sorted through the X-rays, and the thickness range of the materials capable of identifying the crushed lithium battery is effectively enlarged through the regional block identification algorithm, so that the accuracy of identification is improved, and the identification efficiency is improved. The first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet adopt spiral elasticity setting, can promote elasticity kinetic energy through elasticity setting, make the electric potential difference increase, further increase the detection accuracy of tail gas velocity of flow. By limiting the relation between the elastic coefficients, the maximum elastic deformation, the pitch, the length and the tail gas pipe of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet and the second spiral piezoelectric sheet, the detection accuracy of the tail gas flow velocity is further increased. By limiting the sectional area of the liquid outlet pipe, the mass of the spray liquid is used when the gas flow rate of the tail gas pipe in unit time is limited, the accuracy of the spray liquid dosage is further improved, and waste caused by excessive quantity is prevented.
Other technical solutions not described in detail in the present invention are all prior art in the field, and are not described in detail herein.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art; any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The material recovery system for the lithium battery is characterized by comprising a rotary vibrating screen (1), wherein the rotary vibrating screen (1) is used for carrying out primary screening on the torn lithium battery, broken lithium battery materials after primary screening enter a protective cover (2), a conveyor belt (3) is arranged in the protective cover (2), the broken lithium battery materials are conveyed through the conveyor belt (3), an X-ray emitter (4) is arranged at the top of the protective cover (2), the waste materials of the lithium battery are identified through the X-ray emitter (4), a line array detector is arranged below the conveyor belt (3), and the line array detector is used for positioning the materials on the conveyor belt (3); the other end of the protective cover (2) is provided with a sub-packaging box (8), the bottom of the sub-packaging box (8) is provided with a plurality of partition boards, an air nozzle (6) is arranged below one end, close to the sub-packaging box (8), of the conveyor belt (3), and the air nozzle (6) is connected with an air supply module (7);
the utility model discloses a split charging box, which is characterized in that a connecting pipe (9) is connected to the position, close to the top, of the split charging box (8), a shell (12) is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe (9), a negative pressure fan (10) is arranged at one end, close to the split charging box (8), of the connecting pipe (9), a combustor (11) is arranged on the connecting pipe (9), a tail gas pipe (19) is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe (9), the tail gas pipe (19) is arranged inside the shell (12), a spray pipe (14) is connected to the other end of the tail gas pipe (19), a waste liquid pool (15) is connected to the lower part of the spray pipe (14), and an exhaust port is arranged on the waste liquid pool (15); the automatic regulating mechanism (13) is arranged on the tail gas pipe (19), the automatic regulating mechanism (13) is connected with a liquid supply box (17), the liquid supply box (17) is connected with a liquid storage box (18), a water pump is arranged in the liquid storage box (18), and the automatic regulating mechanism (13) automatically changes the flow of spraying liquid according to the gas flow rate in the tail gas pipe (19).
2. The material recovery system for the lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the tail gas pipe (19) is further provided with a flow detection mechanism (16), the flow detection mechanism (16) can detect the speed of the air flow in the tail gas pipe (19), the tail gas pipe (19) is internally provided with a particle detection mechanism, the concentration of particles in the tail gas pipe (19) can be detected, the discharge amount of the particles in the tail gas pipe (19) is obtained by detecting the concentration of the particles in the tail gas pipe (19) and the air flow speed, and quantitative spray liquid is pumped into the liquid supply tank (17) through a water pump, so that the tail gas particle pollutants are completely absorbed, and the spray liquid is saved.
3. The material recycling system for lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein the automatic adjusting mechanism (13) comprises a wind wheel (131), the wind wheel (131) is arranged in the tail gas pipe (19), one side of the wind wheel (131) is connected with a first cam (132) through a rotating shaft, the other side of the first cam (132) is rotationally connected with a first connecting rod (133), the other end of the first connecting rod (133) is rotationally connected with a telescopic rod (134), the other end of the telescopic rod (134) is provided with a sealing box (135), the telescopic rod (134) penetrates through the sealing box (135) and is in sealing sliding connection with the sealing box (135), the other end of the telescopic rod (134) is connected with a piston block (137), and the piston block (137) and the inner side wall of the sealing box (135) form sealing sliding connection; one side of the sealing box (135) is communicated with the liquid supply box (17), and the other side is communicated with the spray pipe (14).
4. A material recovery system for a lithium battery according to claim 3, wherein a liquid inlet (138) is arranged on one side of the sealing box (135) far away from the telescopic rod (134), a liquid inlet door is arranged on the liquid inlet (138), the liquid inlet door is rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the sealing box (135) through a hinge, the liquid inlet (138) is connected with a liquid inlet pipe (139), and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe (139) is connected with a liquid supply box (17); the utility model discloses a liquid outlet, including shower (14), liquid inlet (138), drain (140) are connected with drain pipe (141), the other end of drain pipe (141) extends to inside shower (14), and drain pipe (141) are connected with shower head (142), and shower head (142) set up the inside at shower (14), drain (140) are equipped with the drain door, the drain door is rotated through the lateral wall that sets up hinge and seal box (135) and is connected.
5. A material recovery system for lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that said flow rate detection means (16) comprises a box (161), said box (161) being arranged on the outer side wall of the exhaust pipe (19); the other side of wind wheel (131) is connected with second cam (162) through the pivot, the opposite side of second cam (162) is connected with second connecting rod (163), the other end of second connecting rod (163) rotates and is connected with movable rod (164), the direction of rotation of movable rod (164) is located the coplanar with second cam (162), the other end of movable rod (164) rotates and is connected with movable block (167).
6. The material recovery system for a lithium battery according to claim 5, wherein a fixed block (165) is arranged in the box body (161), the fixed block (165) is connected with the tail gas pipe (19), a sliding groove (166) is formed in a plane of the fixed block (165) close to the movable rod (164), and the sliding groove (166) is of an S-shaped structure; a through groove (168) is formed in the center of the moving block (167), a sliding rod (169) is arranged in the through groove (168), the sliding rod (169) can slide in the through groove (168), one end of the sliding rod (169) is connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove (166), and the sliding rod (169) can be connected in the sliding groove (166) in a sliding mode through the sliding block.
7. The material recycling system for lithium batteries according to claim 6, wherein two ends of the sliding rod (169) are connected with a U-shaped frame (170), the U-shaped frame (170) slides along the sliding rod (169), a first spiral piezoelectric sheet (171) is connected to the U-shaped frame (170), a first supporting rod (172) is connected to the other end of the first spiral piezoelectric sheet (171), and the first supporting rod (172) is fixedly connected with the fixed block (165).
8. The material recycling system for lithium batteries according to claim 6, wherein both sides of the moving block (167) are connected with a second spiral piezoelectric sheet (174), the other end of the second spiral piezoelectric sheet (174) is connected with a second supporting rod (174), and the second supporting rod (174) is fixedly connected with the fixed block (165).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211737922.1A CN116393479B (en) | 2022-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | Material recovery system for lithium battery |
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